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The canine blood-brain barrier in health and disease: focus on brain protection. 犬血脑屏障的健康与疾病:重点关注脑保护。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2450041
Dimitri Bassalo, Stephen G Matthews, Enrrico Bloise
{"title":"The canine blood-brain barrier in health and disease: focus on brain protection.","authors":"Dimitri Bassalo, Stephen G Matthews, Enrrico Bloise","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2450041","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2450041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review examines the role of the canine blood-brain barrier (BBB) in health and disease, focusing on the impact of the multidrug resistance (MDR) transporter P-glycoprotein (P-gp) encoded by the <i>ABCB1/MDR1</i> gene. The BBB is critical in maintaining central nervous system homeostasis and brain protection against xenobiotics and environmental drugs that may be circulating in the blood stream. We revise key anatomical, histological and functional aspects of the canine BBB and examine the role of the <i>ABCB1/MDR1</i> gene mutation in specific dog breeds that exhibit reduced P-gp activity and disrupted drug brain pharmacokinetics. The review also covers factors that may disrupt the canine BBB, including the actions of aging, canine cognitive dysfunction, epilepsy, inflammation, infection, traumatic brain injury, among others. We highlight the critical importance of this barrier in maintaining central nervous system homeostasis and protecting against xenobiotics and conclude that a number of neurological-related diseases may increase vulnerability of the BBB in the canine species and discuss its profound impacts on canine health.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"12-32"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11727060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Metabolomics reveals alterations in gut-derived uremic toxins and tryptophan metabolism in feline chronic kidney disease. 代谢组学揭示了猫慢性肾病中肠道源性尿毒症毒素和色氨酸代谢的改变。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2447601
Laurens Van Mulders, Ellen Vanden Broecke, Ellen De Paepe, Femke Mortier, Lynn Vanhaecke, Sylvie Daminet
{"title":"Metabolomics reveals alterations in gut-derived uremic toxins and tryptophan metabolism in feline chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Laurens Van Mulders, Ellen Vanden Broecke, Ellen De Paepe, Femke Mortier, Lynn Vanhaecke, Sylvie Daminet","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2447601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2024.2447601","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is one of the most common conditions affecting felines, yet the metabolic alterations underlying its pathophysiology remain poorly understood, hindering progress in identifying biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This study aimed to provide a comprehensive view of metabolic changes in feline CKD across conserved biochemical pathways and evaluate their progression throughout the disease continuum. Using a multi-biomatrix high-throughput metabolomics approach, serum and urine samples from CKD-affected cats (<i>n</i> = 94) and healthy controls (<i>n</i> = 84) were analyzed with ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry. Significant disruptions were detected in tryptophan (indole, kynurenine, serotonin), tyrosine, and carnitine metabolism, as well as in the urea cycle. Circulating gut-derived uremic toxins, including indoxyl-sulfate, p-cresyl-sulfate, and trimethylamine-N-oxide, were markedly increased, primarily due to impaired renal excretion. However, alternative mechanisms, such as enhanced bacterial formation from dietary precursors like tryptophan, tyrosine, carnitine, and betaine, could not be ruled out. Overall, the findings suggest that metabolic disturbances in feline CKD are largely driven by the accumulation of gut-derived uremic toxins derived from precursors highly abundant in the feline diet. These insights may link the strict carnivorous nature of felines to CKD pathophysiology and highlight potential avenues for studying preventive or therapeutic interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Machine learning based diagnostics of veterinary cancer on ultrasound and optical imaging data. 基于超声和光学成像数据的基于机器学习的兽医癌症诊断。
IF 5.2 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-30 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2510486
Martynas Maciulevičius, Greta Rupšytė, Renaldas Raišutis, Mindaugas Tamošiūnas
{"title":"Machine learning based diagnostics of veterinary cancer on ultrasound and optical imaging data.","authors":"Martynas Maciulevičius, Greta Rupšytė, Renaldas Raišutis, Mindaugas Tamošiūnas","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2510486","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2510486","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Study advances current diagnostic efficiency of canine/feline (sub-)cutaneous tumors using machine learning and multimodal imaging data. White light (WL), fluorescence (FL) and ultrasound (US) imaging were combined into hybrid approaches to differentiate between malignant mastocytomas, soft tissue sarcomas and benign lipomas. Support Vector Machine and Ensemble classifiers were optimized <i>via</i> sequential feature selection. US radio-frequency signals were quantitatively analyzed to derive the colormaps of six US estimates, corresponding to spectral and temporal domains of the acoustic field. This resulted in the quantification of 72 morphological features for US; as well as 24 and 12 - for WL and FL data, respectively. Resulting classification efficiency for mastocytoma and sarcoma using US data was >75%; US+FL - 75-80%; US+WL - 85-90% and US+OPTICS - 90-95%. ∼100% classification efficiency was achieved for the differentiation between benign and malignant tumors even using single WL feature for Ensemble classifier. US features, resulting in inferior classification efficiency, were competitive to superior optical, as they were selected during optimization to be added to or replace optical counterparts. Additional tissue differentiation was performed on z-stacks of US colormaps, obtained using 3D arrays of US radio-frequency signals. This resulted in ∼70% differentiation efficiency for mastocytoma and sarcoma as well as >95% for benign and malignant tissues. The obtained additional metric of classification efficiency provides complementary diagnostic support, which for Support Vector Machine can be expressed as: 90.3 ± 1.9% (US+WL)×71.2 ± 0.6% (US<sub>Depth Profile</sub>). This hybrid criterion adds robustness to diagnostic model and may be very beneficial to characterize heterogeneous tissues.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12493615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymorphism of NCAPG gene and its association with growth traits in Nanjiang Yellow goat. 南江黄山羊NCAPG基因多态性及其与生长性状的关系
IF 1.8 3区 农林科学
Animal Biotechnology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-07 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2025.2565161
Guolin Chen, Tao Ma, Jing Luo, Mancheng Zhang, Shun Wu, Yu Chen, Yong Chen, Deji Zhuoga, Yuan Chen, He Cai, Hongping Zhang, Jiazhong Guo, Jiaxue Cao, Dinghui Dai, Li Li
{"title":"Polymorphism of <i>NCAPG</i> gene and its association with growth traits in Nanjiang Yellow goat.","authors":"Guolin Chen, Tao Ma, Jing Luo, Mancheng Zhang, Shun Wu, Yu Chen, Yong Chen, Deji Zhuoga, Yuan Chen, He Cai, Hongping Zhang, Jiazhong Guo, Jiaxue Cao, Dinghui Dai, Li Li","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2025.2565161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10495398.2025.2565161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The growth of livestock is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors, with genes like Non-SMC Condensin I complex subunit G (<i>NCAPG</i>) playing key roles in regulating growth. Previous studies have suggested that <i>NCAPG</i> is associated with growth traits in species such as cattle, sheep, and chickens. In this study, we comprehensively assessed <i>NCAPG</i> polymorphisms and their association with body weight (BW), chest circumference (CC), body height (BH), and body length (BL) at six stages (from newborn to 30 months) in 469 Nanjiang Yellow goats, utilizing the Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM). Pearson correlation analysis revealed the strongest correlation between BW and CC (R = 0.91), followed by BW and BL (R = 0.87), and BW and BH (R = 0.89). Additionally, 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the NCAPG gene were identified, which were relatively conserved across closely related species. A notable missense mutation (g.5705 A > G) in exon 6 resulted in an amino acid substitution (281 Ile > Met), which may alter the physicochemical properties and conformation of the NCAPG protein. The resulting impairment in condensin function delays chromosome segregation, prolongs metaphase in growth plate stem cells, and enhances proliferative signaling, ultimately leading to variations in body size. Correlation analysis revealed that 13 of these SNPs were concurrently associated with multiple growth traits, including BH, BL, and CC. These polymorphisms in the <i>NCAPG</i> gene represent potential candidates for marker-assisted selection (MAS) to improve body size in Nanjiang Yellow goats.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":"36 1","pages":"2565161"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145243611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Investigation of dietary eubiotic supplementation on the growth performance and gut health parameters in broiler chicks challenged with Eimeria spp.: a pilot study. 饲粮中添加益生菌对艾美球虫攻毒肉鸡生长性能和肠道健康参数的影响
IF 2.2 2区 农林科学
Avian Pathology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2025.2523883
Tilemachos Mantzios, Dimitrios Galamatis, Ioanna Stylianaki, Ioannis Panitsidis, Konstantinos Kiskinis, Elias Papadopoulos, Ilias Giannenas, Vasilios Tsiouris
{"title":"Investigation of dietary eubiotic supplementation on the growth performance and gut health parameters in broiler chicks challenged with <i>Eimeria</i> spp.: a pilot study.","authors":"Tilemachos Mantzios, Dimitrios Galamatis, Ioanna Stylianaki, Ioannis Panitsidis, Konstantinos Kiskinis, Elias Papadopoulos, Ilias Giannenas, Vasilios Tsiouris","doi":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2523883","DOIUrl":"10.1080/03079457.2025.2523883","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Research highlights: </strong>Dietary supplementation with phytogenic and prebiotic blend (PPB) effectively mitigated <i>Eimeria</i> spp. infection in broilers.PPB and salinomycin reduced oocyst excretion.Oocyst excretion was highest in the infected group.PPB was as effective as salinomycin.</p>","PeriodicalId":8788,"journal":{"name":"Avian Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"762-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144332406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a differentiating of infected from vaccinated animal (DIVA) ELISA to detect antibodies against Senecavirus A in pigs using two expression systems of non-structural proteins. 利用两种非结构蛋白表达系统,建立猪塞内卡病毒a抗体的感染与接种动物区分(DIVA) ELISA检测方法。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-08 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2449082
Parin Watcharavongtip, Patumporn Jermsutjarit, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol
{"title":"Development of a differentiating of infected from vaccinated animal (DIVA) ELISA to detect antibodies against Senecavirus A in pigs using two expression systems of non-structural proteins.","authors":"Parin Watcharavongtip, Patumporn Jermsutjarit, Angkana Tantituvanont, Dachrit Nilubol","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2449082","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2449082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Senecavirus A (SVA) is the causative agent associated with porcine idiopathic vesicular disease (PIVD), a condition indistinguishable from other foreign vesicular diseases affecting pigs. This complicates differential diagnosis and impacts the global swine industry. A diagnostic ELISA based on a non-structural viral protein has been developed, capable of distinguishing infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA). Different expression systems (eukaryotic and prokaryotic) were used to express recombinant proteins. The baculovirus-expressed SVA 3AB DIVA ELISA demonstrated a sensitivity of 96.67% and specificity of 96.67%. In contrast, the <i>E. coli</i>-expressed SVA 3AB DIVA ELISA achieved 100% sensitivity and 93.33% specificity. Both ELISAs strongly correlated with the reference method and showed no cross-reactivity with other pig pathogens. The <i>E. coli</i> system also provided a higher yield of expressed protein than the baculovirus system. These findings indicate that SVA DIVA ELISAs are effective alternatives for detecting SVA antibodies. They can be valuable tools for sero-surveillance and for evaluating immunity status tests to support and approve vaccination programs for pig herds in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11721756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and pathobiology of H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza in South Korea (2003-2024): a comprehensive review. 韩国H5Nx高致病性禽流感流行病学和病理生物学(2003-2024):全面回顾
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2498918
Sun-Hak Lee, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Sungsu Youk, Sang-Won Lee, Dong-Hun Lee, Chang-Seon Song
{"title":"Epidemiology and pathobiology of H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza in South Korea (2003-2024): a comprehensive review.","authors":"Sun-Hak Lee, Jung-Hoon Kwon, Sungsu Youk, Sang-Won Lee, Dong-Hun Lee, Chang-Seon Song","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2498918","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2025.2498918","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since their emergence in Guangdong, China, in 1996, Gs/GD H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) have diversified into multiple clades, spreading globally through wild bird migrations and causing substantial losses in poultry and wildlife. In South Korea, HPAIVs, including H5N1, H5N8, and H5N6 subtypes, have been repeatedly introduced since 2003. This review examines the epidemiology, genetic characteristics, and pathobiological features of these viruses in South Korea. Outbreaks typically occur between October and December, aligning with the arrival of wintering migratory birds. While outbreaks in poultry farms dominated before 2018, wild bird cases became more prevalent in subsequent years. Seasonal outbreaks in poultry have declined, but large-scale mortality events in wild birds emerged biennially from 2020. Genotypic diversity has increased since 2014 due to reassortment with low pathogenic viruses, with novel genomic traits detected in recent seasons. Infection studies show consistently fatal outcomes in chickens, while high mortality in domestic ducks was observed only with two of the studied strains, despite efficient transmission. Wild bird studies reveal species-specific roles in viral shedding and transmission. This review underscores the dynamic nature of HPAI outbreaks, highlighting the importance of surveillance, biosecurity, and genetic and pathogenicity analyses to mitigate future risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"23-38"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12064103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144057144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhanced susceptibility of porcine muscle-derived mesenchymal stem cells to Aujeszky's virus compared Vero cells. 与Vero细胞相比,猪肌肉源性间充质干细胞对奥耶斯基病毒的易感性增强。
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学
Animal Biotechnology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2025.2479677
Na-Yeon Gu, Gwang Sik Ryu, Gyu-Nam Park, Ju-Yeon Lee, Yun Sang Cho, Dong-Kun Yang, Hye Jeong Lee
{"title":"Enhanced susceptibility of porcine muscle-derived mesenchymal stem cells to Aujeszky's virus compared Vero cells.","authors":"Na-Yeon Gu, Gwang Sik Ryu, Gyu-Nam Park, Ju-Yeon Lee, Yun Sang Cho, Dong-Kun Yang, Hye Jeong Lee","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2025.2479677","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2025.2479677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can self-renew and differentiate into several lineages and can be isolated from different tissues such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord blood, and muscle. Herein, we established MSCs derived from miniature pig muscle (MpMu-MSCs) and assessed their response to Aujeszky's virus. We characterized the MpMu-MSCs based on their cellular morphology, proliferation properties, cell surface marker expression, and mesodermal differentiation potential. MpMu-MSCs demonstrated a fibroblast-like spindle shape and formed a homogeneous monolayer. They showed a considerable increase in cell proliferation over 16 passages. The cells expressed surface markers CD29, CD44, CD90, and CD105 and demonstrated mesodermal lineage differentiation capabilities. MpMu-MSCs demonstrated faster cytopathic effects than the Vero cells when infected with Aujeszky's virus. The virus titer in MpMu-MSCs was initiated at 10<sup>1.4</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml at 12 h post-infection (hpi) and increased to 10<sup>6.6</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml at 72 hpi. In Vero cells, it was initiated at 10<sup>2.3</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml at 48 hpi and increased to 10<sup>3.8</sup> TCID<sub>50</sub>/ml at 72 hpi. This study showed that the stem cells procured from miniature pig muscles exhibit MSC characteristics and that the established cells demonstrate higher susceptibility and virus titer to Aujeszky's virus than Vero cells, indicating their potential use in virus research.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":"36 1","pages":"2479677"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143662084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In vitro and in vivo study on the effects of nutritive media compared with water on the resuscitation of a live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine. 营养培养基与水对鼠伤寒沙门菌减毒活疫苗复苏效果的体外和体内研究。
IF 7.9 2区 农林科学
Veterinary Quarterly Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-10 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2025.2485480
Siyuan Jia, Andrea R McWhorter, Samiullah Khan, Daniel M Andrews, Gregory J Underwood, Kapil K Chousalkar
{"title":"<i>In vitro and in vivo</i> study on the effects of nutritive media compared with water on the resuscitation of a live attenuated <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium vaccine.","authors":"Siyuan Jia, Andrea R McWhorter, Samiullah Khan, Daniel M Andrews, Gregory J Underwood, Kapil K Chousalkar","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2025.2485480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2025.2485480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, a commercially available <i>Salmonella</i> Typhimurium vaccine (Vaxsafe ST) reconstituted in either water or nutrient broth, was tested to understand its effects on the <i>in vitro</i> invasion of Caco-2 cells and its transcriptional regulation post-reconstitution. Over time, the invasiveness of Vaxsafe ST was significantly higher following reconstitution in nutrient broth compared with water. Incubation temperature post-reconstitution did not significantly affect the invasion rate. Transcriptome data showed that Vaxsafe ST reconstituted in nutrient broth upregulated genes involved in the two-component system and flagella activity pathways; however, genes involved in host colonization and invasion were unaltered. Genes involved in host colonization and invasion were downregulated after reconstitution in water. Vaxsafe ST reconstituted in a nutritive diluent improved the metabolic activities of the vaccine. The animal experiment demonstrated that vaccine colonization was significantly higher in caeca compared with ileum irrespective of the diluent. Incubating the vaccine in nutrient broth for 30 min before administration did not significantly increase its colonization or organ invasion in chicks. Overall, the findings support the use of nutritive media for the reconstitution of Vaxsafe ST, warranting further investigation to optimize vaccine performance. This study provides a foundation for future work on vaccine reconstitution strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":"45 1","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11986869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Comprehensive analysis of circRNAs and lncRNAs involvement in the development of skeletal muscle in myostatin-deficient rabbits. 肌生成抑制素缺乏家兔骨骼肌发育中circrna和lncrna参与的综合分析
IF 1.7 3区 农林科学
Animal Biotechnology Pub Date : 2025-12-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2025.2465624
Ling Li, Ting Zhang, Muhammad Farhab, Xiao-Xiao Xia, Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza, Paing Oo Kyaw, Fenglei Chen, Esraa Aly Sayed Ismail, Gang Xue, Ping Zhong, Yong Cheng, Yu-Guo Yuan
{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of <i>circRNAs</i> and <i>lncRNAs</i> involvement in the development of skeletal muscle in myostatin-deficient rabbits.","authors":"Ling Li, Ting Zhang, Muhammad Farhab, Xiao-Xiao Xia, Abu Musa Md Talimur Reza, Paing Oo Kyaw, Fenglei Chen, Esraa Aly Sayed Ismail, Gang Xue, Ping Zhong, Yong Cheng, Yu-Guo Yuan","doi":"10.1080/10495398.2025.2465624","DOIUrl":"10.1080/10495398.2025.2465624","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Myostatin (<i>MSTN</i>) protein, <i>lncRNAs</i>, and <i>circRNAs</i> regulate skeletal muscle growth and development. This work aims to compare the expression patterns of <i>circRNAs</i> and <i>lncRNAs</i> in the gluteus maximus tissue of wild-type (WT) and <i>MSTN</i> gene knockout (KO) rabbits. Within the gluteus maximus tissue of three WT and four <i>MSTN</i> KO rabbits, we analyzed the expression profiles of <i>circRNAs</i> and <i>lncRNAs</i>. After identifying the differently expressed RNAs, the biological pathways implicated were ascertained by performing enrichment analysis using the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO). We identified differences in the expression of 251 <i>circRNAs</i> (79 upregulated and 172 downregulated), 176 <i>lncRNAs</i> (53 upregulated and 123 downregulated), and 1178 mRNAs (408 upregulated and 770 downregulated) between WT and <i>MSTN</i> KO rabbits. Target genes were significantly enriched in pathways associated with protein synthesis and catabolism, such as oxidative phosphorylation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis, the FoxO signaling pathway, and the pentose phosphate pathway, as identified through GO and KEGG enrichment analyses. The constructed network indicates that a class of <i>circRNAs</i> and <i>lncRNAs</i> is engaged in <i>MSTN</i>-mediated regulation of skeletal muscle development. These findings provide valuable insights for innovative therapeutic, diagnostic, and preventive approaches to muscle disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7836,"journal":{"name":"Animal Biotechnology","volume":"36 1","pages":"2465624"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143514363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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