农林科学最新文献

{"title":"Development and application of novel acetylated starch-chitosan-oregano essential oil active extrudates for meat product microbiological preservation.","authors":"Maury S Hernández, Leandro N Ludueña, Silvia K Flores","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70877","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70877","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Developing biodegradable active packaging with improved mechanical and antimicrobial properties remains a key challenge in food preservation. This study evaluated the physical and antimicrobial performance of extruded sheets based on a base mixture of acetylated tapioca starch, glycerol and water (BMAS), chitosan (CH) and oregano essential oil (OEO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Extruded sheets with varying BMAS, CH and OEO proportions were formulated using a simplex centroid mixture design. Mechanical properties, water solubility, color and thermal behavior were analyzed. Sheets antimicrobial activity was tested in contact with a chicken meat-based food against external contamination by Escherichia coli, Listeria innocua, Enterococcus faecium, or Zygosaccharomyces bailii.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two optimal formulations (g kg^-1) were identified: central point (853.3 BMAS, 93.3 CH, 53.3 OEO) and S7 (840 BMAS, 80 CH, 80 OEO), both showing the highest stress at break (≈ 1.06 MPa), but maximum (105%) and minimal (26%) deformation, respectively. Water solubility was 40% for central point and 47% for S7. OEO increased mechanical resistance but reduced solubility compared to controls without oil. Acetylation improved tensile strength, solubility and whiteness, though slightly decreasing thermal stability. Regarding antimicrobial barrier action, the effectiveness was microorganism dependent: while Z. bailii was not detected along storage, Escherichia coli was more sensitive than L. innocua and Enterococcus faecium.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present findings indicate that the developed extrudates are promising candidates for biodegradable active food packaging. The retained availability of OEO effectively contributed to microbial spoilage control, with Z. bailii and Escherichia coli exhibiting greater susceptibility compared to L. innocua and Enterococcus faecium. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":"8604-8616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148397105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of pesticide residues in pears using the same phytosanitary treatments and grown under the same edaphoclimatic conditions.","authors":"Sílvia Cruz Barros, Patricia Cazón, João David Teixeira, Ana Rita Mateus, Martina Vitelli, Nicola Nicolini, Monica Rosa Loizzo, Claudia Sánchez, Miguel Leão de Sousa, Duarte Torres, Ana Sanches Silva","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70863","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The distribution of pesticide residues within fruit tissues is influenced by the physicochemical properties of the active substances and may vary among cultivars. Information on residue partitioning in different tissues of traditional pear cultivars remains limited. Therefore, this study evaluated the occurrence and distribution of pesticide residues in the peel, pulp, and seeds of six Portuguese regional pear cultivars and one commercial cultivar grown under identical edaphoclimatic conditions and subjected to the same phytosanitary treatments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pesticide residues in peel, pulp, and seeds were evaluated by a validated QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe) liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric method. The distribution of residues was closely correlated with the physicochemical characteristics of the active compounds. Highly lipophilic chemicals with poor systemic mobility, such as pyriproxyfen and triflumuron, were largely deposited in peel, whereas moderately systemic compounds including fluopyram, chlorantraniliprole and trifloxystrobin were also discovered in seeds. In most cultivars, the peel was the primary residue reservoir, contributing around 85% of total residues, followed by seeds at 13% and pulp at 1%. The most often found pesticide was difenoconazole, followed by indoxacarb and pyriproxyfen. Differences between cultivars indicated that specific fruit characteristics may be involved in residue partitioning and retention patterns.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distribution of pesticide residues in pears is influenced by the physicochemical properties of the pesticide and the cultivar-specific variables Residues were mainly found in the peel and to a lesser level in the seeds, and the pulp was found to be little contaminated or uncontaminated. These results contribute to a better knowledge of residue behavior in pear cultivars and may assist future risk assessment, monitoring tactics, and residue management practices. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":"8539-8553"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exogenous salicylic acid promotes the accumulation of volatile sulfur compounds and anti-muscle atrophy activity in garlic sprouts.","authors":"Seonghwa Hong, Samuel Park, Jeehye Sung, Heon-Sang Jeong, Hana Lee, Junsoo Lee","doi":"10.1002/jsfa.70864","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jsfa.70864","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the wide use of garlic as a spice and medicinal plant, limited information is available on garlic sprouts (GSs), which are rich in bioactive sulfur compounds. Sprouting is an effective process to improve nutritional quality and functional properties by activating metabolic pathways and enhancing secondary metabolite biosynthesis. In addition, elicitation has been applied to stimulate the accumulation of bioactive compounds in sprouts. Among various elicitors, salicylic acid (SA) is a key plant signaling molecule involved in stress responses and secondary metabolism. However, the influence of SA elicitation on volatile sulfur compound (VSC) accumulation and muscle-related biological activity in GSs remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the effects of SA elicitation during sprouting on VSC accumulation and the anti-muscle atrophy activity of GSs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SA elicitation significantly increased VSC levels in GSs, as determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Notably, the content of diallyl trisulfide, the most abundant sulfur compound, increased from 1876.09 to 3775.25 μg g^-1 (2.01-fold) following SA treatment. Compared with untreated GSs, 400 μmol L^-1 SA-elicited GSs showed significantly enhanced anti-muscle atrophy activity in dexamethasone-induced C2C12 myotubes, as evidenced by improved muscle protection, promoted myotube differentiation, increased mitochondrial activity and ATP production, and suppressed muscle degradation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings demonstrate that SA elicitation effectively promotes VSC accumulation and enhances anti-muscle atrophy activity in GSs. GSs elicited with 400 μmol L^-1 SA may have potential as a functional food ingredient for muscle health. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":17725,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture","volume":" ","pages":"8657-8667"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic mycobacteriosis caused by <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subspecies <i>hominissuis</i> in a sheep.","authors":"Nagaraja Thirumalapura, Susan Bender, Manoj K Sekhwal, Patrick Camp, David Farrell, Doris Bravo, Julia Livengood, Linh Nguyen, Kimberly Lehman, Deepanker Tewari","doi":"10.1177/10406387261464590","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387261464590","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>hominissuis</i> (MAH) causes pulmonary and disseminated infections in immunocompromised humans. In pigs, MAH commonly causes subclinical infections that lead to granulomatous lesions in the mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, and jejunum. MAH infections have been reported less commonly in other animal species and in birds. Here, we report a case of systemic mycobacteriosis caused by MAH in a sheep. The affected animal had a history of hypoproteinemia, weight loss, and fever. Gross pathology findings included serous fluid accumulation in the peritoneal and pleural cavities, patchy dull granular light-red mucosa of the small intestine, diffuse orange-brown discoloration of the liver, and noncollapsing lungs that were mottled pink to dark-red. Histologically, granulomas were present in the intestines, mesenteric lymph nodes, liver, spleen, kidneys, lungs, and brain. MAH was isolated from the liver, spleen, and feces. Whole-genome sequencing revealed a mobile genetic element-an ISMAP<i>02</i>-like sequence-in the MAH genome. An ISMAP<i>02</i>-like sequence in mycobacteria other than <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> subsp. <i>paratuberculosis</i> (MAP) may interfere with the detection of MAP by PCR assays targeting ISMAP<i>02</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1380-1385"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13356029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148422179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porcupine Quill Migration Into the Temporomandibular Joint Causing Trismus in a Dog.","authors":"Marta Montoro Navarro, José C Almansa Ruiz, Luis Alejandro Perez Lopez, Gerhard Steenkamp","doi":"10.1177/08987564261431045","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564261431045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porcupine quill injuries have been reported in the veterinary literature as the source of a wide range of complications affecting separate body regions and organ systems, particularly in dogs from specific geographic locations. However, migration of porcupine quills involving the temporomandibular joint and its clinical consequences have not been previously reported. This report describes the first documented case of a dog presenting with trismus and a draining tract in the area of the left zygomatic arch several weeks following a porcupine encounter. The dog was referred as a consequence of the unsuccessful initial management of the injuries and the associated clinical signs. For this reason, advanced diagnostic imaging, including ultrasonography and computed tomography, was performed to investigate the possible cause. Surgical management for resolution of the clinical signs involved resection of the zygomatic arch, followed by partial resection of the lateral aspect of the mandibular condylar process for retrieval of the quill fragments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"475-480"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147574672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multisystemic <i>Streptococcus gallinaceus</i> infection in a six-banded armadillo from a zoo collection.","authors":"Raúl A Resendiz-Pozos, Cassandra Lapham-Simpson, Tessa E LeCuyer, Maria Soper, Melissa Macías-Rioseco, Jennine Ochoa, Hernando D Acevedo, Todd Cornish","doi":"10.1177/10406387261470345","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10406387261470345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A six-banded armadillo (<i>Euphractus sexcinctus</i>) from a zoo collection in central California developed acute neurologic signs followed by death. Postmortem examination revealed multisystemic bacterial disease (fibrinosuppurative meningoencephalomyelitis, splenitis, and endocarditis) with fibrinous necrotizing vasculitis and thrombosis. <i>Streptococcus gallinaceus</i> was isolated from the heart, lung, and meninges. To our knowledge, this microorganism has not been reported previously in association with systemic disease in an armadillo. Although the source of infection remains unknown, the animal was housed in the same building as chickens, a species that historically is associated with outbreaks of this bacterial infection. This case further broadens our understanding of the possible host range of <i>S. gallinaceus</i> and emphasizes the risk of interspecies pathogen transmission in captive environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":17579,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation","volume":" ","pages":"1371-1374"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13473215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148713162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic reinforcement strategy toward a multifunctional soy protein adhesive with enhanced wet bonding, water resistance, and mold resistance","authors":"Hui Xiao,Yi Liao,Fenghang Zhao,Xueyu Wang,Tianle Hou,Ningyi Liu,Changshuai Liu,Yanxi Guo,Enhua Wan,Yuzhu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.124580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2026.124580","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13581,"journal":{"name":"Industrial Crops and Products","volume":"22 1","pages":"124580"},"PeriodicalIF":5.9,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149209332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Postbiotic Positively Shifts the Canine Oral Microbiome.","authors":"Aylesse Sordillo, Jonna Heldrich, Raphaël Turcotte, Ravi U Sheth","doi":"10.1177/08987564261439741","DOIUrl":"10.1177/08987564261439741","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oral microbiome is an important aspect of overall oral health in dogs. To investigate the ability of a postbiotic, canine oral health postbiotic (COHP), to support oral health, a double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted with a dirty tooth model to assess its ability to reduce volatile sulfur compound (VSC) producing microbes that cause halitosis and modulate canine oral microbiome composition. Ten client-owned dogs were randomly split into 2 groups. The groups received either the COHP or a placebo as a powder topper on food for 7 days. Oral microbiome samples were collected on day 0 and day 7 along with the buccal gingival margin. Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S)-producing colonies were quantified by plating the oral microbiome samples and counting pigment-producing colonies. Additionally, oral microbiome samples were sequenced, and taxa abundance was quantified. A trend toward a reduction in H₂S-producing colonies was observed in the COHP group (<i>P</i> = .06), but not in the placebo group (<i>P</i> = .9). Canine oral health postbiotic reduced the abundance of 9 times as many taxa as the placebo, including taxa that form biofilms and produce VSCs. The placebo reduced the abundance of only one taxon, which is not associated with biofilms or VSCs. The findings provide evidence for COHP's ability to promote a positive shift in the canine oral microbiome, and, together with previous results, provides evidence that it may broadly help to maintain canine oral health.</p>","PeriodicalId":17584,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Veterinary Dentistry","volume":" ","pages":"457-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13570991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147690905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experiences of Māori veterinarians and veterinary nurses in the veterinary sector in Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"J V Jones, F N Brown, S Klenner Kāi Tahu","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2671996","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2671996","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To explore, using a narrative approach, the experiences of Māori veterinarians and veterinary nurses in their journey into and within the veterinary sector in Aotearoa, New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Seven veterinarians and six veterinary nurses who identify as Māori were interviewed using a snowball sampling method. Semi-structured interviews explored participants' haerenga (journey) into the sector, their experiences within the sector, and their perspectives on opportunities for improvement. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using inductive reflexive thematic analysis. Participants were then invited to review and provide feedback on the emerging themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants shared rich narratives about their pathways into the veterinary sector, their experiences in education, and their time working in the sector. This paper focuses on experiences within the veterinary sector and the opportunities for change identified by participants. Four key themes emerged, each with three sub-themes. The first theme highlighted the minimal presence and visibility of Māori in the sector. The second identified a lack of recognition of te ao Māori, including te reo Māori, tikanga, and Te Tiriti o Waitangi partnership. While some early signs of cultural inclusion were noted, participants saw significant opportunities for improvement across all levels of the sector. The third theme addressed experiences of racism, both direct and observed, within professional settings and interactions with clients. The final theme explored a disconnect between participants' personal values and those commonly practised in the sector. All of these themes can be viewed in the context of the socio-cultural climate that exists in Aotearoa New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study reveals a lack of cultural safety for Māori in the veterinary workforce, marking a first in sector-specific research. Systemic barriers, under-representation, and undervaluing of Māori knowledge persist. Embedding Te Tiriti and supporting kaupapa Māori leadership are essential. Co-created models of care can improve outcomes for both animals and their human caretakers.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>The findings offer practical guidance for the veterinary sector to improve cultural safety and responsiveness. By increasing awareness of te ao Māori, integrating te reo Māori and tikanga, and embedding Te Tiriti o Waitangi into organisational practices, veterinary professionals and businesses can better serve Māori communities. These changes have the potential to improve client relationships, animal health outcomes, and staff retention - benefiting Māori and non-Māori alike.</p>","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"408-420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147988393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Malignant melanoma with marked epithelial hyperplasia presenting as a papillomatous mass on the prepuce of a horse.","authors":"J S Munday, L Panizzi, A-S Pagé, C Gans, K A Grant, R C Smedley","doi":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2692593","DOIUrl":"10.1080/00480169.2026.2692593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19322,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand veterinary journal","volume":" ","pages":"460-463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148605769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}