IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110593

Ziye Zhang, Yanping Ma, Xinru Gao, Chaojiao Hu, Le Hao, Huijie Lu, Yugu Li, Zhenxing Liu

{"title":"Naringenin attenuates Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV)-induced hyperinflammation through the inhibition of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways.","authors":"Ziye Zhang, Yanping Ma, Xinru Gao, Chaojiao Hu, Le Hao, Huijie Lu, Yugu Li, Zhenxing Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110593","url":null,"abstract":"Mandarin fish ranavirus (MRV) has caused substantial economic losses in the culture of mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi) in China. The pathogenesis of MRV infection is largely attributed to the systemic hyperinflammation. However, the roles of specific signaling pathways and their activation in driving the excessive triggering of pro-inflammatory mediators during MRV infection remain inadequately understood. Naringenin, a dihydroflavonoid predominantly found in citrus fruits and tomatoes, demonstrates high intestinal absorption efficiency with multiple bioactivities, including antioxidant, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory activities. In the present study, the up-regulation of inflammation-associated genes (il-1β, il-8, tnf-α and inos) was confirmed in the MRV-infected mandarin fish spleen, accompanied by severe histological lesions. Moreover, the activation of MAPK and NF-κB pathways was further verified by the up-regulation of myd88, traf6, erk, p38, jnk, and nf-κb p65, along with the nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65. Then, we further discovered that the oral administration of naringenin inhibited the activation of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and restricted MRV replication, correlating with the amelioration of spleen lesions. Ultimately, Naringenin treatment significantly increased the survival of MRV-infected fish from 20 % to 60 %. In conclusion, these findings clarify the mechanisms of MRV-induced hyperinflammation and demonstrate that naringenin mitigates this pathology by suppressing MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways and viral replication. Our results provide a foundation for therapeutic strategies against MRV infection in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110593"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144729019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Assessing the impact of behaviour change intervention strategies on the biosecurity knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pig producers in New South Wales, Australia. 评估行为改变干预策略对澳大利亚新南威尔士州养猪生产者生物安全知识、态度和做法的影响。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学

Preventive veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106636

J Manyweathers, J Rees, L Hayes, N Schembri, V J Brookes, M Hernandez-Jover

{"title":"Assessing the impact of behaviour change intervention strategies on the biosecurity knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pig producers in New South Wales, Australia.","authors":"J Manyweathers, J Rees, L Hayes, N Schembri, V J Brookes, M Hernandez-Jover","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106636","url":null,"abstract":"Biosecurity legislation in New South Wales is based upon a 'shared responsibility' framework with all stakeholders playing a role in protecting the pig industry. Government and industry bodies face challenges in supporting pig owners to adopt protective biosecurity measures, particularly within the industry's smallholder (non-commercial) sector. This study is part of a government-university project to improve biosecurity management planning and emergency animal disease preparedness among pig owners and producers in New South Wales. An evaluation of the impact of behaviour change strategies co-designed by industry and government to support smallholder pig producers/owners in strengthening biosecurity practices was conducted, using a baseline (186 respondents) and endline (77 respondents) comparison, with interviews adding depth of understanding about the impact of the interventions. Responses indicated a low level of exposure to the targeted engagement strategies overall, suggesting that distribution pathways used were ineffective in reaching the target audience. Those who reported exposure to the interventions were more likely (P < 0.05) to report a recent improvement on biosecurity practices than those who not exposed. Despite this positive impact, there was no significant difference between biosecurity practices of survey populations between the two surveys. Overall, the level of biosecurity implementation was low. The risk posed by poor biosecurity uptake, particularly by the non-commercial sectors, remains significant. Future engagement strategy design must use routes to engage all sectors of the industry more effectively - for example, by addressing interests, identities, and values, followed by comprehensive evaluation to achieve the most effective distribution of interventions within the non-commercial sector.","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"106636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First synergistic application of nanocarrier-loaded metaflumizone and parasitic wasps: A high-efficiency green pest control strategy. 首次协同应用纳米载体载metaflumizone和寄生蜂：一种高效的绿色害虫防治策略。

IF 4 1区农林科学

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106625

Shangyuan Wu, Qinhong Jiang, Leiyang Li, Ying Wei, Jinhong Zhou, Meizhen Yin, Jie Shen, Yufang Meng, Shuo Yan, Hu Li

{"title":"First synergistic application of nanocarrier-loaded metaflumizone and parasitic wasps: A high-efficiency green pest control strategy.","authors":"Shangyuan Wu, Qinhong Jiang, Leiyang Li, Ying Wei, Jinhong Zhou, Meizhen Yin, Jie Shen, Yufang Meng, Shuo Yan, Hu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pestbp.2025.106625","url":null,"abstract":"The improper use of chemical pesticides threatens ecosystems and human health, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives. Nano-pesticides and biological control agents offer a solution, and their combination can reduce pesticide usage and improve pest control efficacy. This study utilized a star polycation (SPc) to prepare a metaflumizone nano-pesticide and combined it with the egg parasitoid (Telenomus remus) for synergistic pest management. SPc exhibited minimal toxicity to T. remus at working concentrations but caused mortality at extremely high doses, with an oral LC50 of 4.23 mg/mL. RNA-seq analysis revealed that the stress responses in T. remus induced by SPc included enhanced phagocytosis, exocytosis and energy synthesis. The SPc self-assembled with metaflumizone through hydrogen bonding and Van der Waals forces, reduced the particle size to the nanoscale (467.25 nm). The nano-pesticide increased stomach toxicity against Spodoptera litura by over 30 %, which showed no significant toxicity to T. remus eggs or adults and maintained parasitic capacity. The combined application of metaflumizone/SPc complex and T. remus achieved over 90 % pest control efficacy, providing a novel and effective strategy for sustainable pest management.","PeriodicalId":19828,"journal":{"name":"Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology","volume":"214 ","pages":"106625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comprehensive analysis of colony-stimulating factor genes and immunostimulatory effects of CSF3a in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). 虹鳟集落刺激因子（CSF）基因及CSF3a免疫刺激作用的综合分析。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110611

Mengqun Liu, Qiusheng Wang, Ziyi Zhao, Xin Qi, Haishen Wen

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of colony-stimulating factor genes and immunostimulatory effects of CSF3a in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).","authors":"Mengqun Liu, Qiusheng Wang, Ziyi Zhao, Xin Qi, Haishen Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110611","url":null,"abstract":"Colony-stimulating factors (CSFs) play critical roles in the host response to tissue injury and pathogenic infection. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive genome-wide analysis and identified seven csf genes in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Comparative analyses of gene structure, conserved synteny, and protein sequence alignment further supported their annotation and orthology with other vertebrate csf genes. Although csf3 has been identified in several teleost species, its biological functions remain largely uncharacterized. Here, we reported that rainbow trout csf3 (Rtcsf3) genes exhibited broad tissue distribution and were significantly upregulated in response to Aeromonas salmonicida infection and pathogen analog stimulation, suggesting their potential role in innate immunity. The open reading frame (ORF) of csf3a encodes a 215-amino acid (aa) precursor protein containing a signal peptide and a conserved IL-6-type cytokine domain. Functional assays demonstrated that recombinant CSF3a (rRtCSF3a) significantly increased the expression of inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il10 and tnfα) and promoted splenic cell proliferation in vitro. Furthermore, transcriptomic profiling of rRtCSF3a-stimulated spleen cells revealed enrichment of genes associated with cytokine signaling, cell proliferation, programmed cell death, and metabolic reprogramming. Collectively, these findings provide the first comprehensive characterization of the csf gene family in teleosts and uncover the immunostimulatory and regulatory functions of CSF3a in rainbow trout.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110611"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144759491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular characterization and antibacterial function of the interleukin-8 in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis). 座头石斑鱼白细胞介素-8的分子特征及抗菌功能。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110594

Ying Wu, Jinge Wang, Ziyu Wang, Panpan Zhang, Han Zhang, Guotao Wang, Hong Chen, Zhenjie Cao, Chen Zhang, Jingqun Ao, Yongcan Zhou, Yun Sun

{"title":"Molecular characterization and antibacterial function of the interleukin-8 in humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis).","authors":"Ying Wu, Jinge Wang, Ziyu Wang, Panpan Zhang, Han Zhang, Guotao Wang, Hong Chen, Zhenjie Cao, Chen Zhang, Jingqun Ao, Yongcan Zhou, Yun Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110594","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110594","url":null,"abstract":"Interleukin-8 (IL8) is a key factor in the promotion and regulation of vertebrate inflammatory and immune responses. In this study, a novel interleukin-8 (CaIL8) isolated from the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) was successfully cloned and characterized. The gene comprises a 375 bp open reading frame, encoding a protein of 124 amino acids with an estimated molecular weight of 11.2 kDa and contains four conserved cysteine residues common in other known IL8s. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that CaIL8 is most closely related to IL8 from Epinephelus lanceolatus, and that both group within a fish-specific IL8 clade. Expression analysis demonstrated that CaIL8 is ubiquitously expressed in all the tested tissues from healthy humpback groupers, with high expression levels in the blood, intestine, brain, and liver. Upon infection with Vibrio harveyi, CaIL8 expression was upregulated in various tissues, and the recombinant CaIL8 (rCaIL8) exhibited significant binding to and antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains. Furthermore, rCaIL8 enhanced the chemotaxis and proliferation of the head kidney leukocytes and increased the phagocytic activity of macrophages. In vivo experiments indicated that overexpression of CaIL8 enhances the fish's ability to inhibit V. harveyi replication, while knocking it down reduces antibacterial capacity. This suggests that in teleosts, CaIL8 acts as a proinflammatory cytokine, activating immune cells against bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110594"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of anti-CyHV-2 effects of star anise (Illicium verum) aqueous extract. 八角茴香水提物抗cyhv -2的研究。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110621

Mengjuan Li, Yu Song, Liqun Lu, Hao Wang

{"title":"Evaluation of anti-CyHV-2 effects of star anise (Illicium verum) aqueous extract.","authors":"Mengjuan Li, Yu Song, Liqun Lu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110621","url":null,"abstract":"Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a virus that triggers Herpesvirus Hematopoietic Necrosis Disease, presents a major challenge for goldfish and related species. Previous studies have reported that quercetin inhibits viral replication by suppressing phosphorylation of AKT, the core protein of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. This study further found that quercetin also has anti-CyHV-2 effects in vivo. Notably, quercetin was found to be a one of major component of star anise. We further examined 14 key compounds in star anise other than quercetin and evaluated their anti-CyHV-2 effects in vitro. Nine active ingredients had antiviral effects, indicating that star anise has potential anti-CyHV-2 activity. To verify the anti-CyHV-2 potential of star anise, a standardized water extraction process for star anise was established, and its aqueous extract exhibited significant anti-CyHV-2 effects both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, quercetin pharmacokinetics in the liver, kidney, and blood were investigated. The present study provides valuable theoretical support for the practical application of quercetin and star anise aqueous extract, offering prospects for the development of green anti-CyHV-2 drugs for aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110621"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ex vivo analysis of the impact of dsRNA complexed to cationic phytoglycogen nanoparticles on the innate immune response in rainbow trout. dsRNA配合阳离子植物糖原纳米颗粒对虹鳟鱼先天免疫反应影响的体外分析。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110634

Shayne J Oberhoffner, Janet Velázquez Pérez, Starla A Richardson, Leah Haile, Stephanie J DeWitte-Orr

{"title":"Ex vivo analysis of the impact of dsRNA complexed to cationic phytoglycogen nanoparticles on the innate immune response in rainbow trout.","authors":"Shayne J Oberhoffner, Janet Velázquez Pérez, Starla A Richardson, Leah Haile, Stephanie J DeWitte-Orr","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110634","url":null,"abstract":"As aquaculture intensifies to satisfy the rising global demand for food, viral disease pressure is increasing in farmed fish. The variable efficacy of existing vaccines underscores the need for prophylactic strategies that confer broad antiviral protection. Long double-stranded RNA is a potent inducer of the type I interferon response in rainbow trout that can protect against a broad range of virus families. The current work investigates the effect of a commercially available viral dsRNA mimic, high molecular weight polyinosinic: polycytidylic acid (HMW poly I:C), complexed to a phytoglycogen nanoparticle (Nanodendrix, NDx), on primary gut sac preparations and peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). PBLs treated with NDx alone or HMW poly I:C + NDx induced significant increases in metabolism, which is an indicator of phagocyte proliferation and activation. The HMW poly I:C + NDx complex was able to enhance overall phagocytosis in adherent and non-adherent PBL populations while upregulating expression of the antiviral genes mx1 and vig-3 after 24hs while HMW poly I:C alone induced some phagocytosis and mx1 expression at 24h. Using a gut perfusion model, NDx suppressed vig-3 expression in the middle intestine and upregulated its expression in the distal intestine after 2hrs, while HMW poly I:C + NDx upregulated vig-3 expression in the middle intestine after 6hrs and HMW poly I:C alone had no effect. Overall, this preliminary translation of antiviral prophylactic dsRNA therapeutics to an ex vivo study of rainbow trout tissues demonstrates the potential for HMW poly I:C + NDx to be analyzed in vivo for the ability to protect rainbow trout against viral infection.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110634"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitigating between-farm disease transmission through simulating vehicle rerouting and enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols. 通过模拟车辆改道和加强清洁和消毒方案，减轻农场间疾病传播。

IF 2.4 2区农林科学

Preventive veterinary medicine Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106650

Jason A Galvis, Cesar A Corzo, Gustavo Machado

{"title":"Mitigating between-farm disease transmission through simulating vehicle rerouting and enhanced cleaning and disinfection protocols.","authors":"Jason A Galvis, Cesar A Corzo, Gustavo Machado","doi":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.prevetmed.2025.106650","url":null,"abstract":"The role of contaminated vehicles and the effectiveness of preventive strategies, such as cleaning and disinfection (C&D), in spreading infectious diseases among commercial swine farms under field conditions remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to reduce the risk of between-farm disease transmission through vehicle contacts by rerouting vehicles while considering C&D events and effectiveness. Vehicles were ranked based on specific criteria, including disease status of visited farms, vehicle contact network communities, C&D events, and shipment time efficiency. The rerouting system showed that, even when C&D was utterly inefficient, it reduced up to 42 % of the contacts between infected and uninfected farms via vehicle movements and 17 % of the total number of interactions between farms from distinct network communities. The rerouting efficacy increased with a C&D effectiveness of 100 %, reducing up to 100 % contacts between infected and uninfected farms and between farms from distinct network communities. Despite the potential benefit of preventing disease dissemination between the farms, the rerouting system increased by up to 81 % in C&D events and up to 54 % in distance traveled per vehicle. Ultimately, we have demonstrated that a rerouting vehicle system holds potential as an additional strategic tool for preventing and controlling the spread of diseases among farms through vehicle movements; however, given the additional time and effort required, its cost-benefit will depend on the severity of the disease being mitigated.","PeriodicalId":20413,"journal":{"name":"Preventive veterinary medicine","volume":"244 ","pages":"106650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144817299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of synthetic galloylated compounds on zebrafish immune response and development: Insights from toxicity and gene expression analyses. 评价合成没食子酸化合物对斑马鱼免疫反应和发育的影响：来自毒性和基因表达分析的见解。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110617

Camilla Maria Fontana, Anisa Rilla Lubis, Tran Thi Diem Quynh, Phuong Thi Doan, Padchanee Sangthong, Puttinan Meepowpan, Hien Van Doan

{"title":"Evaluation of synthetic galloylated compounds on zebrafish immune response and development: Insights from toxicity and gene expression analyses.","authors":"Camilla Maria Fontana, Anisa Rilla Lubis, Tran Thi Diem Quynh, Phuong Thi Doan, Padchanee Sangthong, Puttinan Meepowpan, Hien Van Doan","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110617","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluated the developmental toxicity and immunomodulatory effects of three synthetic galloylated compounds, including 4-galloyloxy-DMC (4-G), 7-galloyloxychrysin (7-G), and 7-galloyloxypinocembrin (7-GP) using zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos as a model. Embryos were exposed to each compound at concentrations of 10 nM, 100 nM, and 1 μM from 24 to 120 hours post-fertilization (hpf). Survival, hatching rates, morphological abnormalities, and immune-related gene expression (baxa, nfkb2, il6, and il8) were assessed. Among the compounds tested, 4-G exhibited significant toxicity at 1 μM, leading to increased malformations and reduced survival, prompting further testing at a lower concentration (100 nM). In contrast, both 7-G and 7-GP demonstrated no observable toxicity across all concentrations. Gene expression analysis revealed that 4-G significantly downregulated il8, suggesting immunosuppressive effects, while 7-GP significantly upregulated nfkb2, indicating potential immune activation via nfkb signaling. These findings demonstrate compound-specific effects of structurally similar galloylated molecules and underscore the importance of molecular configuration in modulating developmental toxicity and immune responses. The results support the further investigation of 7-GP as a safe and immunomodulatory compound for potential therapeutic applications.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110617"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144774907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Immune function and transcriptome of hemocytes in northern quahogs Mercenaria mercenaria in response to acute salinity challenges. 在急性盐胁迫下，北方魁猪的免疫功能和血细胞转录组的变化。

IF 3.9 2区农林科学

Fish & shellfish immunology Pub Date : 2025-11-01 Epub Date: 2025-07-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110609

Yangqing Zeng, Xianyuan Zeng, Jayme C Yee, Huiping Yang

{"title":"Immune function and transcriptome of hemocytes in northern quahogs Mercenaria mercenaria in response to acute salinity challenges.","authors":"Yangqing Zeng, Xianyuan Zeng, Jayme C Yee, Huiping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110609","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fsi.2025.110609","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study was to evaluate effects of short-term acute salinity challenges on the hemocyte physiology in northern quahogs, Mercenaria mercenaria, an important aquaculture species in the U.S. The objectives were to: 1) challenge adult northern quahogs with salinities of 5, 15, 25 (control), 35, and 45 ppt; 2) evaluate cellular responses, including hemocyte concentration, viability, phagocytosis rate, ROS production, and lysosomal presence at 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 144 h, and 21 days post-challenge; and 3) evaluate the molecular response of hemocytes after 72 h challenge. M. mercenaria at 5, 15, 25, 35 ppt exposure showed no mortality, while at 45 ppt showed a 100 % mortality at day 7, reflecting better tolerance to hyposalinity. Changes of hemolymph osmolality at different salinities and exposure periods indicated M. mercenaria equilibrates with the environmental seawater within its tolerance range (15-35 ppt) as an osmoconformer. Hemocyte concentration increased significantly at 5, 15, and 45 ppt stress. Hemocyte immune functions exhibited a varied pattern in response to different salinity levels, enabling them to resolve stresses. The RNAseq of hemocytes revealed DEGs in response to salinity challenges, specifically enrichment of amino acid transporters (SLC2A5, SLC6A1, SLC5A8, SLC1A3, SLC25A38), immune response (CHAC2, MGST3, IRF1, and IRFD2) and cell signaling (Wnt, TRAIL-activated and Toll) pathway in hyper/hypo salinity groups, indicated their importance in salinity stress responses. This study provided critical insights into the cellular and molecular responses of M. mercenaria hemocytes to salinity challenges.","PeriodicalId":12127,"journal":{"name":"Fish & shellfish immunology","volume":" ","pages":"110609"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144768563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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