环境科学与生态学最新文献

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Simulating Demography, Monitoring, and Management Decisions to Evaluate Adaptive Management Strategies for Endangered Species
IF 7.7 1区 环境科学与生态学
Conservation Letters Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1111/conl.13095
Stefano Canessa, Sarah J. Converse, Lynn Adams, Doug P. Armstrong, Troy Makan, Mhairi McCready, Kevin A. Parker, Elizabeth H. Parlato, Hannah A. Sipe, John G. Ewen
{"title":"Simulating Demography, Monitoring, and Management Decisions to Evaluate Adaptive Management Strategies for Endangered Species","authors":"Stefano Canessa,&nbsp;Sarah J. Converse,&nbsp;Lynn Adams,&nbsp;Doug P. Armstrong,&nbsp;Troy Makan,&nbsp;Mhairi McCready,&nbsp;Kevin A. Parker,&nbsp;Elizabeth H. Parlato,&nbsp;Hannah A. Sipe,&nbsp;John G. Ewen","doi":"10.1111/conl.13095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.13095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adaptive management (AM) remains underused in conservation, partly because optimization-based approaches require real-world problems to be substantially simplified. We present an approach to AM based in management strategy evaluation, a method used largely in fisheries. Managers define objectives and nominate alternative adaptive strategies, whose future performance is simulated by integrating ecological, learning and decision processes. We applied this approach to conservation of hihi (<i>Notiomystis cincta</i>) across Aotearoa-New Zealand. For multiple extant and prospective hihi populations, we jointly simulated demographic trends, monitoring, estimation, and decisions including translocations and supplementary feeding. Results confirmed that food supplementation assisted recovery, but was more intensive and expensive. Over 20 years, actively pursuing learning, for example by removing food from populations, provided little benefit. Recovery group members supported continuing current management or increasing priority on existing populations before reintroducing new populations. Our simulation-based approach can complement formal optimization-based approaches and improve AM uptake, particularly for programs involving many complex and coordinated decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":157,"journal":{"name":"Conservation Letters","volume":"18 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/conl.13095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of measurement methods for assessing vertical velocity in groundwater systems: a case study from Osongji (Osong Pond), Jeonju-si, South Korea
IF 2.8 4区 环境科学与生态学
Environmental Earth Sciences Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s12665-025-12206-3
Hye-Na Ko, Seoyeong Oh, Yunjung Hyun, Hyoun-Tae Hwang, Kang-Kun Lee, Sung-Wook Jeen
{"title":"Evaluation of measurement methods for assessing vertical velocity in groundwater systems: a case study from Osongji (Osong Pond), Jeonju-si, South Korea","authors":"Hye-Na Ko,&nbsp;Seoyeong Oh,&nbsp;Yunjung Hyun,&nbsp;Hyoun-Tae Hwang,&nbsp;Kang-Kun Lee,&nbsp;Sung-Wook Jeen","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12206-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12206-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interaction between groundwater and surface water plays a crucial role in determining water quality and ecological health, highlighting the need for a comprehensive understanding to ensure effective water resource management. In this study, multiple methods—seepage meters, piezometers, and the type-curve fitting method using temperature profile data—were employed to estimate fluxes at the groundwater-surface water interface of a small pond (Osong Pond) in South Korea. Measurements were conducted and compared during the wet season of 2020 (July–August 2020). Additionally, temperature data were collected during the dry seasons of 2021 and 2022 (November 2021–March 2022) to assess the applicability of the type-curve fitting method for long-term monitoring. The average vertical velocity measured by seepage meters was the highest (2.67 × 10⁻<sup>8</sup> m/s), while the type-curve fitting method estimated the lowest average velocity (2.58 × 10⁻<sup>10</sup> m/s). During the dry seasons of 2021–2022, the type-curve fitting method yielded an average flow velocity of 7.11 × 10⁻<sup>10</sup> m/s, comparable to the dry season values of 2020. Although the lakebed temperature-based method underestimated vertical velocities in this study area, it can be effective for long-term monitoring. We recommend combining multiple measurement techniques tailored to the geological characteristics (e.g., topography and sediment composition) and climatic conditions of study sites. This integrated approach facilitates a more accurate evaluation of groundwater-surface water interactions and enhances understanding of the broader flow system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Empowering city decision-makers: A practical guide to learning for decarbonisation at the city-level
IF 4.9 2区 环境科学与生态学
Environmental Science & Policy Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.envsci.2025.104046
Harriet Barton, Claire Hoolohan, Christopher Jones, Carly McLachlan
{"title":"Empowering city decision-makers: A practical guide to learning for decarbonisation at the city-level","authors":"Harriet Barton,&nbsp;Claire Hoolohan,&nbsp;Christopher Jones,&nbsp;Carly McLachlan","doi":"10.1016/j.envsci.2025.104046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.envsci.2025.104046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The actions of cities will be pivotal in our transition to a low-carbon future. City-level decision-makers are well placed to influence and facilitate this transition. Decarbonising transport, buildings, and energy is key to combating the climate crisis and reaching self-assigned city-level carbon targets to curb warming and protect the environment. However, deciding which decarbonisation projects to implement is an issue. Choosing the wrong project could have financial or reputational repercussions, thus deciding on an appropriate set of interventions can be challenging for city decision-makers. Learning about the successes and challenges of city-level sustainability projects is vital for decision-makers at the city-level hoping to create of their own low-carbon city. To this end, this article outlines a new, practical method developed with city-level decision-makers that identifies key learning opportunities from other cities based on their own decarbonisation priorities. This city-to-city learning framework makes selecting decarbonisation projects easier and more efficient, as it enables users to identify decarbonisation projects that align with their environmental plans and priorities. The Greater Manchester Combined Authority (GMCA) provides a case study for the application of this framework, demonstrating how the learning framework is used to narrow down the most suitable decarbonisation projects for the Greater Manchester city-region, based on bespoke sustainability criteria and targets. This work contributes to the formalisation of city-to-city learning pathways, outlining the ways that cities want to learn from others, and highlighting where to begin this learning process to accelerate climate action.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":313,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science & Policy","volume":"167 ","pages":"Article 104046"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lead concentrations in wild boar from Sardinia: analysis of food safety concerns
IF 6 3区 环境科学与生态学
Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1186/s12302-025-01092-y
Naunain Mehmood, Maria Francesca Sini, Beatrice Bocca, Francesca Nonnis, Maria Manconi, Marco Muzzeddu, Vincenzo Veneziano, Giovanni Sgroi, Antonio Varcasia, Antonio Scala, Claudia Tamponi, Giovanni Forte
{"title":"Lead concentrations in wild boar from Sardinia: analysis of food safety concerns","authors":"Naunain Mehmood,&nbsp;Maria Francesca Sini,&nbsp;Beatrice Bocca,&nbsp;Francesca Nonnis,&nbsp;Maria Manconi,&nbsp;Marco Muzzeddu,&nbsp;Vincenzo Veneziano,&nbsp;Giovanni Sgroi,&nbsp;Antonio Varcasia,&nbsp;Antonio Scala,&nbsp;Claudia Tamponi,&nbsp;Giovanni Forte","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01092-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01092-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A multitude of pathways within human food chains have been affected by the presence of lead (Pb) which has highly negative consequences on animal and human health. Numerous sources contribute to Pb exposure, and the use of Pb ammunition is considered one of the main unregulated means of releasing this hazardous metal into the game meat and environment. In addition to this, geogenic sources or anthropogenic activities could also result in higher contamination of game meat. Considering these aspects, the present study was carried out in wild boar (<i>n</i> = 53) from different hunting grounds in northern part of Sardinia (Italy) for evaluation of mean residual levels in liver, spleen, and thigh muscle through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The highest mean concentration of Pb was estimated in liver (6.70 ± 34.87 mg/kg dw) followed by spleen (5.11 ± 22.36 mg/kg dw) and thigh muscle (2.67 ± 11.74 mg/kg dw). Concerning biological sexes, females (<i>n</i> = 27) had higher mean levels for all tissues, however, no differences were ascertained in the bioaccumulation of Pb. Among the age groups, adults had higher accumulation of Pb in all tissues compared to juveniles. Nevertheless, the level of Pb in both groups did not yield any accumulation pattern. Additionally, a moderate correlation was calculated for liver and spleen (0.643, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) for Pb accumulation. The risk assessment revealed a very high risk to the hunters who frequently consume the game meals as margin of exposure for this group was very low. In comparison with EFSA guidelines, none of the samples was fully fit for human consumption which calls for inclusion of game meat in the EU regulation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01092-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wheat bran supplementation improved polystyrene degradation efficiency of Zophobas atratus larvae by alleviating intestinal injury caused by polystyrene-intake
IF 13.6 1区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138148
Cong Liang, Yun Jia, Ren-tao He, Bin Ding, Zheng-da Yang, Xiao-qiang Cao, Jian Zhang
{"title":"Wheat bran supplementation improved polystyrene degradation efficiency of Zophobas atratus larvae by alleviating intestinal injury caused by polystyrene-intake","authors":"Cong Liang, Yun Jia, Ren-tao He, Bin Ding, Zheng-da Yang, Xiao-qiang Cao, Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138148","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat bran supplementation significantly improves the polystyrene consumption capacity of <em>Zophobas atratus</em> larvae. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear, limiting further advancements in degradation efficiency. This study seeks to clarify the mechanism by analyzing intestinal morphology, gut microbiota structure, gene transcription, and targeted metabolites. Specifically, histopathology results demonstrated that wheat bran supplementation alleviated polystyrene-induced intestinal injury in larvae. From a genetic perspective, genes related to annexins and tight junction proteins were upregulated in intestinal tissues. These genetic changes positively correlated with increased levels of short-chain fatty acids, eicosanoids, and beneficial bacteria (e.g., <em>Latilactobacillus curvatus</em>). Moreover, wheat bran supplementation alleviated gut microbiota dysbiosis, suppressed pathogenic bacteria, reduced over upregulation of NADPH oxidase activity related genes, and up-regulated genes linked to the intestinal immune system process pathway, thereby mitigating the intestinal injury<em>.</em> It also upregulated genes associated with the aromatase activity pathway, promoting the degradation of polystyrene and its intermediates. In summary, wheat bran supplementation enhanced the polystyrene degradation efficiency of <em>Z. atratus</em> larvae by upregulating genes linked to the aromatase activity pathway and mitigating intestinal injury (through modulation of intestinal gene transcription, microbiota structure, and metabolites). Our findings offer new insights into improving the efficiency of insect-mediated plastic biodegradation.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disinfectants are effective in controlling bacterial contaminants in swimming pool and pond waters in Lahore City, Punjab, Pakistan
IF 5.5 3区 环境科学与生态学
Applied Water Science Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1007/s13201-025-02439-9
Hafiz Sohail Fazal Chughtai, Aftab Ahmad Anjum, Muhammad Nawaz, Ali Raza Awan, Tehreem Ali, Shahan Azeem
{"title":"Disinfectants are effective in controlling bacterial contaminants in swimming pool and pond waters in Lahore City, Punjab, Pakistan","authors":"Hafiz Sohail Fazal Chughtai, Aftab Ahmad Anjum, Muhammad Nawaz, Ali Raza Awan, Tehreem Ali, Shahan Azeem","doi":"10.1007/s13201-025-02439-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13201-025-02439-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Swimming pools and pond waters may contain microbial contamination that could be a source of public health hazards. Waterborne bacteria from human or animal excrements or the environment can contaminate swimming pools and ponds. Unhygienic practices at pools, along with stormwater, sewage, and agricultural runoff, can all lead to contamination, indicating the need for monitoring bacterial levels in both swimming pools and pond waters. Therefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the microbial quality of swimming pool and pond waters in Lahore City, Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, 10 swimming pools and 10 ponds in the study area were selected. The microbial quality of swimming pool and pond waters was tested by bacterial plate counts and the identification of <i>Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus,</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> by both biochemical tests and polymerase chain reaction. Next, the efficacy of sodium hypochlorite, silver hydrogen peroxide, and polyhexanide was evaluated by a quantitative suspension test applied to the bacterial isolates. The total aerobic plate counts of all swimming pool waters were &lt; 1 CFU/mL, while the total enteric coliforms in only half of the pools were &lt; 1 CFU/100 mL. Total aerobic plate counts of pond waters ranged from ~ 427–1777 CFU/mL, while total enteric coliforms were ~ 197–1737. Biochemical tests and PCR demonstrated the presence of <i>S. aureus,</i> and <i>P. aeruginosa</i> in the tested swimming pools and ponds. The <i>S. aureus</i> was present in 20% of the swimming pools and ponds. The <i>P. aeruginosa</i> was observed in 20% of swimming pools and 40% of ponds. The <i>E. coli</i> was absent in 100% of the swimming pools but present in 100% of ponds. The standard dilutions of sodium hypochlorite, silver hydrogen peroxide, and polyhexanide demonstrated high antimicrobial activity against bacteria isolated from swimming pools and ponds at all contact times suggesting the efficacy of these disinfectants for controlling bacterial contamination in swimming pools and ponds.</p>","PeriodicalId":8374,"journal":{"name":"Applied Water Science","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Leveraging regulatory monitoring data for quantitative microbial risk assessment of Legionella pneumophila in cooling towers
IF 8.2 1区 环境科学与生态学
Science of the Total Environment Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179293
Émile Sylvestre , Dominique Charron , Xavier Lefebvre , Emilie Bedard , Michèle Prévost
{"title":"Leveraging regulatory monitoring data for quantitative microbial risk assessment of Legionella pneumophila in cooling towers","authors":"Émile Sylvestre ,&nbsp;Dominique Charron ,&nbsp;Xavier Lefebvre ,&nbsp;Emilie Bedard ,&nbsp;Michèle Prévost","doi":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scitotenv.2025.179293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cooling towers are critical engineered water systems for air conditioning and refrigeration but can create favorable conditions for <em>Legionella pneumophila</em> growth and aerosolization. Human exposure to <em>L. pneumophila</em>-contaminated aerosols can cause Legionnaire's disease. Routine monitoring of <em>L. pneumophila</em> in cooling towers offers possibilities to develop quantitative microbial risk assessment (QMRA) models to guide system design, operation, control, and maintenance. Here, we used the regulatory monitoring database from Quebec, Canada, to develop statistical models for predicting <em>L. pneumophila</em> concentration variability in cooling towers and integrate these models into a screening-level QMRA model to predict human health risks. Analysis of 105,463 monthly <em>L. pneumophila</em> test results revealed that the exceedance rate of the 10<sup>4</sup> colony-forming unit (CFU) per liter threshold was constant at 10 % from 2016 to 2020, emphasizing the need to better validate the efficacy of corrective measures following the threshold exceedances. Among 2852 cooling towers, 51.2 % reported no detections, 38.5 % had up to nine positives, and 10.2 % over ten. The gamma or the lognormal distributions adequately described site-specific variations in <em>L. pneumophila</em> concentrations, but parametric uncertainty was very high for the lognormal distribution. We showed that rigorous model comparison is essential to predict peak concentrations accurately. Using QMRA, we found that an average <em>L. pneumophila</em> concentration below 1.4 × 10<sup>4</sup> CFU L<sup>−1</sup> should be maintained in cooling towers to meet a health-based target of 10<sup>−6</sup> DALY/pers.-year for clinical severity infections. We identified 137 cooling towers at risk of exceeding this limit, primarily due to the observation or prediction of rare peak concentrations above 10<sup>5</sup> CFU L<sup>−1</sup>. Effective mitigation of those peaks is critical to controlling public health risks associated with <em>L. pneumophila</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":422,"journal":{"name":"Science of the Total Environment","volume":"975 ","pages":"Article 179293"},"PeriodicalIF":8.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143748369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Automated recognition of contaminated construction and demolition wood waste using deep learning
IF 11.2 1区 环境科学与生态学
Resources Conservation and Recycling Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108278
A. Madini Lakna De Alwis , Milad Bazli , Mehrdad Arashpour
{"title":"Automated recognition of contaminated construction and demolition wood waste using deep learning","authors":"A. Madini Lakna De Alwis ,&nbsp;Milad Bazli ,&nbsp;Mehrdad Arashpour","doi":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.resconrec.2025.108278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Wood waste is a significant component of construction and demolition waste; however, contamination often limits its recovery. Efficient sorting of contaminated wood remains underexplored, with current methods relying heavily on manual separation. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach to classify wood waste by contamination type using RGB images, addressing a critical gap in the resource recovery context. A custom dataset of six common contaminated wood waste types was curated, and four selective advanced deep learning models, including convolutional neural networks (RegNet, ConvNeXt) and Transformers (Vision Transformer, Swin Transformer), were evaluated using transfer learning. Remarkably, ConvNeXt outperformed all models with 91.67 % validation accuracy and balanced performance, with precision, recall, and F1 score around 0.8667. The results highlight deep learning's potential to enhance construction and demolition wood waste management, enabling automated sorting and supporting reusing, recycling, and reclaiming efforts, thereby reducing landfill dependency and promoting sustainable practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21153,"journal":{"name":"Resources Conservation and Recycling","volume":"219 ","pages":"Article 108278"},"PeriodicalIF":11.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Assessing the leaching of nutrients and trace metals from wildfire ashes and heated soils through soil column tests: Potential impacts on groundwater
IF 13.6 1区 环境科学与生态学
Journal of Hazardous Materials Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138097
Nelson Abrantes, Isabel Campos, Carlos Junior, Celeste Coelho, Jan J Keizer
{"title":"Assessing the leaching of nutrients and trace metals from wildfire ashes and heated soils through soil column tests: Potential impacts on groundwater","authors":"Nelson Abrantes, Isabel Campos, Carlos Junior, Celeste Coelho, Jan J Keizer","doi":"10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138097","url":null,"abstract":"Wildfires are a significant diffuse source of pollution to water systems. Ash deposited after forest fires contains hazardous contaminants that can leach into groundwater, posing risks to water quality. While wildfire effects on surface water are well-documented, the processes and risks of contaminant leaching into groundwater remain poorly understood. This study evaluated the leaching behavior of nutrients (N and P) and trace metals (V, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb) in ash-soil systems using soil column tests with two soil types (granite [SG] vs. schist [SX]) and two heating temperatures (150°C vs. 500°C). Significant differences in leaching were observed based on soil type, fire severity, and ash deposition. Ash addition increased leachate concentrations of N, P, Mn, Zn, Co, and V, with Mn often exceeding drinking water standards. In general, SG soils exhibited greater contaminant mobilization, except for N, Cd, V, and Zn, which were found in higher concentrations in SX soil leachates. Higher temperatures decreased soil organic matter and altered pH and conductivity. These findings highlight the critical role of soil texture, heating, and ash deposition in post-fire contaminant mobility and underscore the urgent need for targeted management strategies to protect groundwater in wildfire-prone regions.","PeriodicalId":361,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Hazardous Materials","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Run with the hare and hunt with the hounds: Hybrid technologies' multifaceted role in the transition from incumbent to emerging technologies
IF 5.7 2区 经济学
Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions Pub Date : 2025-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.eist.2025.100992
Amir Mirzadeh Phirouzabadi
{"title":"Run with the hare and hunt with the hounds: Hybrid technologies' multifaceted role in the transition from incumbent to emerging technologies","authors":"Amir Mirzadeh Phirouzabadi","doi":"10.1016/j.eist.2025.100992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eist.2025.100992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the challenge of using hybrid technologies to accelerate the transition from incumbent to emerging technologies. It delves into the micro-dynamics of technology strategies: exploitation (a passive approach), exploration (a proactive approach), and a balanced exploitation-exploration stance during the transition. Based on technological innovation system (TIS) and Lotka-Volterra models, a system dynamics (SD) technology interaction framework is applied to conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, hybrid electric vehicles, and battery electric vehicles in US market. The SD modelling provides a platform for experimenting with policy mixes by analysing the timing, scale, scope, and sequence of interventions. Several scenarios are explored, such as landscape pressure, predator-prey dynamics, niche- and incumbent-favoured relationships, and sociotechnical transition, spanning from 1985 to a forward-looking 2070. Findings reveal that hybrid technologies play a multifaceted role: as an exploratory solution accelerating technology development dynamics in emerging technologies and as an exploitative solution slowing down market development dynamics in emerging technologies, and hardly inhibiting technology and market development dynamics in incumbent technologies. Moreover, findings confirm the traditional sailing ship effect—establishing a causal link between the emergence of new technologies and the active and systematic enhancement of incumbent technologies—while also uncovering a non-traditional sailing ship effect in the form of ‘spillovers.’ These spillovers enable firms to manage uncertainties and timing in transitions by orchestrating sociotechnical ‘spillbacks’ and ‘spillforwards’ between emerging and incumbent technologies via hybrid technologies. To effectively accelerate transitions using hybrid technologies, the study recommends adopting a sociotechnical policy approach that simultaneously promotes niche creation and regime destabilisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54294,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Innovation and Societal Transitions","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 100992"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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