Scientific African最新文献

{"title":"Geographically weighted logistic regression model for identifying risk factors for malaria infection among under-5 children in Ghana","authors":"Ernest Konadu Appiah ,&nbsp;Eric Nimako Aidoo ,&nbsp;Richard Kodzo Avuglah ,&nbsp;Simon Kojo Appiah","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malaria remains a significant public health challenge globally, particularly affecting children under-5 years of age due to their underdeveloped immune systems. Identifying the risk factors associated with malaria infection in this vulnerable group is crucial for improving policy formulation and creating effective training programs. However, there is limited information on how the relationship between malaria risk and associated factors varies across different regions, especially among children in Ghana. This is important because understanding these spatial variations can enhance targeted interventions including area remediation and resource allocation. To address this gap, a geographically weighted logistic regression (GWLR) model was developed to identify spatially varying risk factors for malaria infection among children under five in Ghana. The model was built on the premise that the relationship between malaria and potential risk factors is not uniform across geographic areas. Data from the Ghana Malaria Indicator Survey collected through the demographic and health survey program were used for analysis. The study found that the GWLR model fit the data better than the conventional binary logistic regression (BLR) model, based on the information criterion used and mode evaluation metrics. The results indicated that risk factors for malaria such as a child's age, anaemia status, dwellings sprayed, place of residence, electricity access, NHIS (National Health Insurance Scheme) coverage, age of the household head, and household wealth index, were non-stationary across the study area. These findings underscore the importance of spatially tailored interventions to reduce malaria risk in children under-5. The results contribute to the body of literature on malaria risk factors and provide valuable insights for Ghana's national malaria control policies, potentially enhancing the effectiveness of future public health strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003405/pdfft?md5=dd29c1d93658b4ac613783235b2f858e&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003405-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of machine learning-based standalone GUI application for predicting hydraulic conductivity and compaction parameters of lateritic soils","authors":"Lateef Bankole Adamolekun,&nbsp;Muyideen Alade Saliu,&nbsp;Abiodun Ismail Lawal,&nbsp;Ismail Adeniyi Okewale","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02393","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02393","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydraulic conductivity and compaction parameters are the key considerations in selecting lateritic soils for engineering construction. Nevertheless, the complexity and high cost of the required tests have driven many contractors and field engineers to skip them, resulting in a succession of engineering structure failures. To overcome this limitation, this study developed machine learning-based standalone GUI application to predict lateritic soils’ hydraulic conductivity (K), maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum moisture content (OMC) from indices including specific gravity, liquid limit, plasticity index, linear shrinkage and fine content. To achieve this goal, the geotechnical properties of three hundred samples, collected using grid sampling method from thirty different lateritic deposits in southwestern Nigeria, were evaluated through laboratory tests. The test results were used to train predictive models using artificial neural network (ANN), adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The models’ performance was compared using coefficient of determination (R²), root mean squared error (RMSE), mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and mean absolute error (MAE). Based on these performance metrics, ANN demonstrated the best performance (R² = 0.9835, 0.9797, 0.9999; RMSE = 7.938, 0.252, 2.09E-08; MAPE = 0.288, 1.114, 1.587; MAE = 5.432, 0.169, 1.1E-08) for MDD, OMC and K, respectively, followed by GPR and then ANFIS. Thus, the ANN models were selected and embedded in a standalone GUI application to enhance easy and quick prediction of lateritic soils’ MDD, OMC and K. The validity of the ANN-based standalone GUI application was demonstrated by comparing it favorably to notable regression-based models in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02393"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-aging effect of mustard and flax seed oils based nanoemulsion gel on aged rat skin through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity","authors":"Soha Ismail ,&nbsp;Omar A. Ahmed-Farid ,&nbsp;Ghada Farouk Metwally ,&nbsp;Dina Mansour ,&nbsp;Abeer Khattab","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02369","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02369","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Skin aging is a common issue that is linked to changes in skin physiology, hydration, and barrier function. Dietary fatty acids (FA), particularly poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), can influence skin characteristics. It is reported that a deficiency of fatty acids in the skin is associated with skin aging. Therefore, the goal of the current study is to evaluate the antiaging effect of flaxseed oil or mustard oil-based nanoemulsion gel rich in fatty acids such as omega 3 on D-galactose-induced skin aging. N-hexane was used to extract the oils of black mustard and flax seed from their seeds, and the oils' fatty acid composition was then determined. A full factorial design was created to assess the impact of three variables: oil type, oil concentration, and S:Cos ratio, on various responses: globule size, zeta potential, and emulsification time of the self-nanoemulsifying system. Additionally, the polydispersity index, transmittance percentage, refractive index, cloud point, and viscosity were also estimated. TEM of the optimized formulations revealed a spherical form of oil globules with nanosize. The values for the zeta potential ranged from -12 to -34.2 mV. The optimized formulations were incorporated into a hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose solution to form a nanoemulsion gel. Skin aging was induced using the D-galactose model, and the impact of topical skin application of the optimized formulation gels on different biomarkers such as amino acids, B5, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory mediators and histopathological examination was evaluated. The results showed a considerable improvement in the evaluated parameters of the treated groups when compared to the untreated D-galactose group. The findings suggest that the nanoemulsifying system utilizing high doses of fixed plant oils could serve as a promising vehicle for enhancing skin rejuvenation. Flaxseed oil formulation showed greater potential compared to mustard oil formulation as skin antiaging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003119/pdfft?md5=c1fe30f3bd6bb8edab754e9965514448&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003119-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering service gaps and patterns in smallholder dairy production systems: A data mining approach","authors":"Devotha G. Nyambo","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02392","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02392","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional clustering algorithms have often been used to categorize farmers but tend to overlook the underlying reasons for these groupings. Typically, clusters are formed based on common metrics such as dispersal and centrality, which provide limited insights into the relationships among key attributes. This study introduces an innovative approach using pattern and association rules analysis to better understand the characteristics of dairy production clusters. Focusing on Tanzanian smallholder farmers, the research moves beyond identifying clusters to uncovering the hidden relationships within them. Through pattern analysis, the study logically examines the behavioral mechanisms that define these clusters, highlighting service gaps that, if addressed, could enhance smallholder dairy farmers' productivity. Frequent patterns with support ranging from 57 % to 93 % and confidence levels between 85 % and 100 % were identified, revealing critical challenges faced by these farmers. For instance, farmers using Artificial Insemination—typically younger or new entrants—face constraints related to farm size, land holdings, fodder production, lack of farmer groups, and insufficient formal training in dairy care. Meanwhile, seasoned farmers deal more with institutional barriers such as limited access to marketplaces, extension services, and distant water sources. The study highlights the diverse challenges faced by different farmer groups and provides strategic recommendations for improving dairy productivity. Enhancing access to formal training, improving fodder production, supporting the formation of farmer groups, and addressing institutional barriers are key actions that could help Tanzanian smallholder dairy farmers increase milk yield and overall productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246822762400334X/pdfft?md5=e5585a7a2d7767df26b6b34333887f3b&pid=1-s2.0-S246822762400334X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency enhancement through hybrid integration of five-phase PMSG with photovoltaic generator with Vienna rectifier","authors":"Adil Mansouri ,&nbsp;Abderazzak Ammar ,&nbsp;Abdelmounime El Magri ,&nbsp;Rachid Lajouad ,&nbsp;Fouad Giri","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02376","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02376","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper explores the hybridization of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous generator integrated with a photovoltaic generator. The hybrid configuration aims to maximize overall energy production and optimize system performance. The distinctive feature of the proposed structure lies in the parallel connection of a five-phase machine with a Vienna rectifier and a PV system directly linked to the inverter. This novel integration, associated with the designed controllers, significantly reduces switching losses, enhancing system efficiency and demonstrating robust performance despite the complexities associated with the control strategy. The paper delves into the design and evaluation of this nonlinear hybrid system, shedding light on its potential to contribute to sustainable and efficient renewable energy solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003181/pdfft?md5=15b250212a5914b5dac081023beb42a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003181-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of frequency response strategies in renewable-dominated power system grids: Market adaptations and unit commitment formulation","authors":"Azeez O. Olasoji ,&nbsp;D.T.O. Oyedokun ,&nbsp;Samuel O. Omogoye ,&nbsp;Chris Thron","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides a thorough analysis of unit commitment (UC) formulations in the context of low-inertia power systems, which are increasingly prevalent as the transition to Renewable Energy Sources (RES) gain momentum. Given the move towards more sustainable energy models, incorporating RES presents unique challenges in maintaining grid stability due to their inherent lack of synchronous inertia. This review examined the intricacies of modelling energy market designs and UC strategies to tackle these challenges. The study explores the expansion of frequency response services, emphasizing the increasing dependence on ancillary services, particularly in markets with a substantial presence of RES, attention is focused on the unique operating challenges in regions like Sub-Saharan Africa, where dispersed grid networks and generation inadequacies compound the problem. The paper delves into different methodologies and modelling approaches used in frequency-constrained optimization, shedding light on the strengths and weaknesses of current practices. A crucial outcome of our study is that the use of uniform frequency response models to deduce post-fault frequency parameters will not give adequate results in sparsely connected power system networks. Also, studies primarily focus on generation adequacy and the reliability criterion of the largest generator outage, overlooking the potential impact of network constraints and congestions in their formulation. Our analysis provides valuable insights into creating market frameworks that optimize energy and ancillary services, ensuring a stable and efficient grid operation in a power system dominated by RES. Based on our findings, it is essential to establish electricity market frameworks that can effectively maximize the utilization of energy resources and address the specific regional challenges associated with frequency regulation services in the future.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624002990/pdfft?md5=495ee286257143fa875e1d780c87f42a&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624002990-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy saving potential in steam systems: A techno-economic analysis of a recycling pulp and paper mill industry in Morocco","authors":"Kawtar Ibn Batouta,&nbsp;Sarah Aouhassi,&nbsp;Khalifa Mansouri","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02375","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02375","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The industrial sector represents nearly 40 % of global energy consumption, with steam systems accounting for 30 % of energy use in manufacturing. As the need for cleaner processes intensifies within African and global energy transitions, adopting energy efficiency practices becomes imperative. Governments are focusing on reducing energy losses in fossil fuel-dominated manufacturing industries, which are major producers of greenhouse gas emissions. Despite their significant energy consumption, industrial heat processes are often overlooked in efforts to reduce costs and emissions. To address this, the study examines thermal energy processes and identifies energy-saving opportunities within steam systems through a techno-economic analysis of a recycling pulp and paper mill in Morocco. This is the first study focusing specifically on steam systems within a particular industry in the country. The research uses a system approach covering steam generation, distribution, end-use, and recovery. The current system is benchmarked through a rating questionnaire, and proposed energy-saving actions include leak repair, pipe insulation, blowdown management, and improved boiler combustion efficiency. An economic study evaluates the cost-effectiveness of these opportunities. Findings reveal a 6 % reduction in thermal energy consumption, annual savings of $417 899 and nearly 482 TJ, a 6 % decrease in GHG emissions (2158.5 tons of CO₂ per year), and water savings of approximately 5300 m³ per year (13 %). The total investment of $8750 has negligible payback periods. Despite diverse industrial activities, this work is useful for other industries since the fundamental components of the steam system are widely shared. Moreover, it supports the African Union's Agenda 2063 and United Nations Sustainable Development Goals by providing practical insights and recommendations for enhancing industrial energy efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02375"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance of specific CMIP6 GCMs for simulating the historical rainfall and temperature climatology of Lake Tana sub-basin, Ethiopia","authors":"Tadele Melese Lebeza ,&nbsp;Temesgen Gashaw ,&nbsp;Haimanote Kebede Bayabil ,&nbsp;Pieter R. van Oel ,&nbsp;Abeyou W. Worqlul ,&nbsp;Yihun T. Dile ,&nbsp;Abebe Demissie Chukalla","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02387","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02387","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to evaluate the performance of 7 rainfall and 6 temperature products from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6) Global climate models (GCMs) for simulating the rainfall, maximum temperature (Tmax), and minimum temperature (Tmin) climatology of the Lake Tana sub-basin (Ethiopia) during 1995 – 2014 periods from daily to annual time scales. The rational of this study is to identify the best performing GCMs for projection of future climate as well as for using those models for climate adaptation and mitigation plans in the study area. Through wide-ranging evaluation methods using the Comprehensive Rating Index (CRI) and Taylor diagram, our study contributes by highlighting the top performing GCMs across different temporal scales for precipitation, Tmax and Tmin separately. The findings indicated that EC-Earth3, MPI-ESM1-2-LR and ACCESS-ESM1-5 at daily time scale, and CNRM-CM6-1, BCC-CSM2-MR and EC-Earth3 at monthly timescale are the best performing models for simulating precipitation. The best performing models for simulating MAM (March-May) seasonal precipitation are BCC-CSM2-MR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, EC-Earth3 while ACCESS-ESM1-5, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, and EC-Earth3 are good at for JJAS (June-September) precipitation. BCC-CSM2-MR, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, EC-Earth3 and ACCESS-ESM1-5 are best performing models for simulating annual rainfall. Conversely, MIROC6 exhibits relatively weaker performance for simulating rainfall across all the studied temporal scales. For Tmax, EC-Earth3, MPI-ESM1-2-LR, and MRI-ESM2-0 consistently performed well, while BCC-CSM2-MR is the poorly performing climate model. Regarding Tmin, EC-Earth3, BCC-CSM2-MR and MPI-ESM1-2-LR consistently perform well, while MIROC6 demonstrates weaker performance. The finding suggested that one of the best performing CMIP6 models for simulating precipitation (ACCESS-ESM1-5) did not equally perform well for representing Tmax and Tmin. In addition, the best performing model for simulating Tmax (MRI-ESM2-0) also did not perform well for Tmin. Furthermore, the best performing climate model for rainfall on a specific temporal scale did not perform well on another temporal scale. The study recommends evaluation of climate models for rainfall, Tmax, and Tmin independently at different time scales for better understanding of future climates using the best performing models for each climate variable as well as for effective climate adaptation and mitigation plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02387"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003296/pdfft?md5=ec40a892d1a15627c0716e92bcc0340c&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003296-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial resistance modifying effects and molecular docking studies of Affinine, derived from Tabernaemontana crassa","authors":"Denick Amon ,&nbsp;Prince Manu ,&nbsp;Evelyn Asante-Kwatia ,&nbsp;Priscilla Kolibea Mante ,&nbsp;Cynthia Amaning Danquah ,&nbsp;Lawrence Sheringham Borquaye ,&nbsp;Edmund Ekuadzi","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Tabernaemontana crassa</em> is a native plant indigenous to Ghana which has garnered local recognition for its purported efficacy against ringworm, wounds, abscesses, and antibacterial infections. However, the antibacterial and resistance modifying effects of the crude extracts and isolated compounds have not been investigated. Consequently, this study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial and resistance modifying effects of the extracts and affinine, a monoterpene indole alkaloid, from <em>T. crassa</em>. Four extracts, namely the crude, alkaloidal, glycosidic and triterpene fractions were prepared by solvent-solvent extraction from the stem bark of <em>T. crassa</em>. Using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, affinine was isolated and identified from the alkaloidal fraction. The effects of the extracts and affinine were investigated using the micro dilution, efflux pump and biofilm inhibition assays against <em>Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</em> The crude extracts were effective against the two bacteria strains at a concentration of 500 µg/ml. Affinine was without activity in the <em>in vitro</em> antimicrobial assays with MIC &gt;1000 µg/ml. However, affinine possessed anti-efflux and antibiofilm activity against the test microorganisms which was confirmed with <em>in silico</em> studies. The study showed the efficacy of the extracts against the two microbes associated with wound healing. Affinine, not previously described from <em>T. crassa</em>, may contribute to the anti-infective effects of the plant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02382"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227624003247/pdfft?md5=2d5a2bc7046cd8838264fcda4e495be5&pid=1-s2.0-S2468227624003247-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Hybrid Reactive GRASP approach for the balancing of a mixed-model assembly line of type E with worker allocation","authors":"Sana El Machouti ,&nbsp;Mustapha Hlyal ,&nbsp;Jamila El Alami","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2024.e02378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To satisfy the changing requirements of the market, a manufacturer must be able to produce a large number of products in small quantities. This involves the simultaneous production of several models on a single production line, which is called a mixed-model assembly line (MiMAL). This study focuses on MiMALBP type E with worker allocation (MiMALBP-E-wa). The purpose of this study is to determine the best combination of workers (workstations) and cycle time to maximize line efficiency. To address this issue, a Hybrid Reactive Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedure (HR-GRASP) has been developed.</div><div>To demonstrate the efficacy of HR-GRASP, an illustrative example is presented, in which eight workers are allocated between two models. Moreover, a comparison is made with another metaheuristic algorithm, the Genetic Algorithm (GA), to evaluate the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the HR-GRASP method not only achieved maximum line efficiency but also converged more rapidly than the GA method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"26 ","pages":"Article e02378"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246822762400320X/pdfft?md5=6597cbd7486a41e458ab98b41f78bef5&pid=1-s2.0-S246822762400320X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}