Scientific African最新文献

{"title":"Determination of lead, cadmium, and arsenic concentrations in breast milk of women living in Misrata, Libya","authors":"Osama Serrar,&nbsp;Ali Sarrar,&nbsp;Ali Rafieda,&nbsp;Mohamed Daghman,&nbsp;Esraa M. Alhaj Abdullah,&nbsp;Noha M. Abo Oud","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02737","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02737","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breast milk is a unique source of nutrition for infants and provides numerous short- and long-term benefits to mothers and infants. We aimed to detect Pb, Cd, and As levels in breast milk samples, investigate the effect of various factors on the concentrations of these metals in breast milk, and compare weekly intakes with the permissible levels specified by the World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO).</div><div>Pb, Cd, and As levels were determined using microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy in 68 milk samples from healthy lactating women aged between 16 and 37. The samples were collected at approximately the second month postpartum from 28 different regions in Misrata; the participants were informed verbally about the purpose of the study, and they agreed to participate. All participants delivered through normal delivery between August 2016 and April 2017, and wet digestion procedures were applied for fat removal.</div><div>The mean (standard deviation) of the Pb, Cd, and As concentrations in human milk were 21.24 (8.26) μg/L, 5.39 (14.80) μg/L, and 1.22 (1.53) μg/L, respectively. These results agree with the findings of other studies. In this study, 98.5, 68, and 46 % of milk samples contained Pb, Cd, and As, respectively, above the acceptable levels reported by WHO.</div><div>The weekly Pb and Cd intakes were above the provisional level established for infants by the WHO and FAO in 20 and 22 samples, respectively. The mother’s age, place of residence, number of previous pregnancies, and exposure to passive smoke did not significantly affect the measured levels of heavy metals.</div><div>The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and As in many samples were higher than the acceptable WHO levels, and the estimated heavy metal intakes of breastfed infants were higher than the provisional tolerable weekly intake in some cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02737"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards enterprise-wide pharma 4.0 adoption","authors":"Vincent Junior Phiri ,&nbsp;Ilham Battas ,&nbsp;Atae Semmar ,&nbsp;Hicham Medromi ,&nbsp;Fouad Moutaouakkil","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02771","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02771","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption of Industry 4.0 in the pharmaceutical industry is referred to as Pharma 4.0. Pharma 4.0 procures pharmaceutical organizations many significant benefits ranging from operational efficiency to regulatory compliance. This study evaluates existing Pharma 4.0 adoption frameworks in literature and aims to develop a structured and adaptable Pharma 4.0 enterprise-wide adoption conceptual framework. A systematic review was conducted to identify and analyze existing Pharma 4.0 frameworks. The examined frameworks were categorized into Manufacturing and Quality Management, Supply Chain Management, Clinical Trials and R&amp;D Digitalization, Workforce Competence, and Pharma 5.0. Analysis of the identified frameworks reveals that while they offer strategies for digital transformation, they focus solely on specific areas. In response, a conceptual Pharma 4.0 framework is proposed, emphasizing organizational readiness assessment, core technology integration, cybersecurity and data management, system integration, and continuous improvement. This framework provides a practical roadmap for Pharma 4.0 adoption, improving regulatory compliance and operational efficiency. Also, the framework supports a diverse range of pharmaceutical organizations, including small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Africa and other developing nations. Thus, this study contributes a novel structured framework for enterprise-wide Pharma 4.0 adoption and addresses its key implementation barriers by establishing critical success factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02771"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BaMoO4 nanocatalyst for oxidation of methylene blue: Preparation, characterizations, and process modeling using the response surface methodology","authors":"Yousra Taoudi ,&nbsp;Hicham Oudghiri Hassani ,&nbsp;Souad Rakass ,&nbsp;Brahim El Bali ,&nbsp;Mohammed Lachkar","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Barium molybdate BaMoO₄ nanocatalyst, a tetragonal distorted scheelite (β) form, was successfully synthesized via thermal decomposition of an oxalate complex (prepared beforehand and then characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA)) under controlled temperature conditions of 700°C. Its characterization was performed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (RS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Its catalytic efficiency was assessed through Methylene Blue (MB) oxidation with hydrogen peroxide as a model reaction. Its process parameters, the initial pH value of the MB solution (4.5- 11), and contact time (30- 300 min), were optimized by using central composite design (CCD) adopted from Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to minimize process cost and reaction time. The analysis of variances (ANOVA) reveals that the CCD model was valid, and predicted values for MB oxidation efficiency were in good agreement with experimental values for MB (R²= 0.9989 and Adj-R² A= 0.9955). The maximum oxidation of MB was achieved at over 96 % under optimal conditions: solution pH of 10.78, initial MB concentration of 5 ppm, catalyst amount of 0.1 g/L, and a reaction time of 75 minutes. The experimental data were well-described by a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. In summary, the successfully synthesized BaMoO₄ nanocatalyst has high catalytic activity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article e02770"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landslide susceptibility modeling in West Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia: An integrated geospatial and statistical analysis","authors":"Migartu Abdissa Tukku ,&nbsp;Shankar Karuppannan ,&nbsp;Matebie Meten ,&nbsp;Tola Garo ,&nbsp;Ashu Fekadu","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is focused on mapping landslide susceptibility in the Abuna Gindeberet area, West Shoa Zone, Central Ethiopia. The research aimed to develop susceptibility and causative factor maps using integrated geospatial and statistical analysis within a GIS framework. A total of 1222 landslides were documented, with 70 % allocated for model training and 30 % for validation, based on data from Google Earth images (GEIs) and field surveys. This study evaluates the susceptibility of landslides based on causative elements like slope, aspect, curvature, lithology, land use-land cover (LULC), distance to lineament, distance to stream, and rainfall. The landslide susceptibility maps (LSMs) were made by superimposing the weights of each landslide causative factor using the raster calculator of the spatial analyst tool in ArcGIS 10.8. The final LSMs were categorized into very low, low, moderate, high, and very-high susceptibility classes based on statistical approaches such as Frequency Ratio (FR) and Logistic Regression (LR) models. The LSMs from the FR model reveal that very low, low, moderate, high, and very high susceptibility classes cover 9 %, 21 %, 24 %, 34 %, and 12 % of the area, respectively. The LR model shows very low, low, moderate, high, and very high classes covering 7 %, 33 %, 9 %, 28 %, and 23 % of the region, respectively. The study showed that landslides are primarily associated with moderately sloped terrains, largely constituted of sandstone, and found in regions with agricultural activities and sparse forests near lineaments. Validation through the ROC-AUC indicated success rates of 0.857 for the FR model and 0.849 for the LR model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02772"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144204531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foreign debt and economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa: A new look","authors":"Rotimi Ayoade Ogunjumo","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study investigates the separate effect of short-term foreign debt, long-term foreign debt, and International Monetary Fund credit (IMF credit hereafter) on economic growth in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA henceforth), which have been overlooked in the literature. By engaging the panel quantile regression with fixed effects, and the Driscoll and Kraay standard errors technique to ascertain the robustness of results, we found that the effect of short-term foreign debt on economic growth in SSA is insignificant. We also found that long-term foreign debt in SSA exerted significant negative effect on economic growth. We then uncovered a positive and significant effect of IMF credit on economic growth in the region. The study therefore recommends that governments in SSA nations should consider reducing the portion of short-term and long-term foreign debts in the composition of foreign debt in favour of IMF credit; otherwise, economic growth might slow down and the United Nation’s sustainable development goals may be endangered in the region.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article e02776"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of climate justice laws, policy framework, and actor space for the mangrove-dependent livelihoods in Lamu County, Kenya","authors":"Solomon Njenga ,&nbsp;Prof. Daniel Olago ,&nbsp;Prof. Evans Kituyi","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The persistent gap between the formulation and effective implementation of climate-related laws, policies, and institutional actions presents a fundamental obstacle to securing climate justice for mangrove-dependent communities in Lamu County, Kenya. The study sought to examine the contribution of climate-related laws, policies, and actors’ space to climate justice for mangrove-dependent livelihoods in Lamu County, Kenya. The study adopted a qualitative approach with document analysis, focus group discussion, and key informant interviews being used. The collected data were analysed using content analysis and stakeholder analysis. The findings showed that the Climate Change Act 2016 has aided in formulating the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) [9] and the Environment and Land Court. Further, the Kenya Constitution (2010) highlights the importance of public participation in climate-related issues, specifically on the right to a clean and healthy environment. Nonetheless, the threshold for public participation is not stated, and the burden of proof in climate litigations is on the plaintiff. Policies such as NCCAP 2018-2022, Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC), National Mangrove Ecosystem Management Plan, and Lamu County Integrated Development Plan (CIDP) have played a critical role in seeking climate justice in Kenya’s Lamu County amidst inadequate funding. As regards climate justice actors, the Lamu county government has implemented programmes to help mangrove-dependent livelihoods cope with the effects of climate change, such as setting up cooling system infrastructure and provision of the latest fish and fishing technology to the fishing community against the backdrop of inadequate funding from the National government. Further, fishermen have been turning to deep-sea and cage fishing against the backdrop of a lack of modern fishing technologies. The study informs the national government's efforts in the full implementation of relevant laws to ensure the right to public participation in climate change-related issues is protected. Further, the parliament to amend supportive regulations such that the burden of proof in climate litigation rests with the defendant and not the plaintiff, who is often vulnerable. Adequate funding should also be availed for implementing climate-related policies and plans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02773"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting physico-chemical parameters of Barekese reservoir using feedforward neural network","authors":"Kwame Sarkodie ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Agyei ,&nbsp;Samuel Narveh ,&nbsp;Fred Oppong Kyekyeku Anyemedu ,&nbsp;Caspar Daniel Adenutsi ,&nbsp;William Apau Marfo","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Barekese reservoir which is an earth-filled dam impounding about 35.3 million m³ of water provides potable water to Kumasi and its environs. With most of the population depending on this resource, it is extremely important to be mindful of the quality of water produced as anything below ideal quality could lead to catastrophic public health issues. This study evaluates the suitability of a Feedforward Neural Network (FNN) in predicting six vital water quality parameters: pH, turbidity, temperature, total dissolved solids (TDS), alkalinity, and nitrate concentration. Historical water quality data spanning 2010–2021 were obtained from the Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). A backpropagation FNN was trained, validated, and tested using a 70–15–15 % split strategy. The Six (6) parameters were predicted using 6 distinct optimal FNN models derived from Bayesian optimization. The optimization defined the optimal number of neurons and Layers needed for predicting the physio-chemical Properties of the reservoir. Model Performance metrics such as the Mean Square Error (MSE), Average Absolute Percent Relative Error (AAPRE), Standard Deviation, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and Coefficient of determination (R²). The FNN models developed performed exceptionally for predictions of pH, Turbidity, and Nitrate, this was seen with the least errors and measures of accuracy greater than 0.99. FNN models developed for Temperature and Alkalinity prediction were also good but slightly less precise comparatively. The worst performing FNN model was that for TDS prediction which show the highest model variability defined by high errors relative to other models in this work. This study provides an effective data-driven approach and basis for real-time water quality monitoring</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02779"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144223616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ethiopia’s Unsafe Food System – A Systems Perspective of an Emerging Public Health Crisis","authors":"Logan Cochrane ,&nbsp;Asnake Ararsa Irenso","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02777","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02777","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Available evidence suggests serious food safety concerns in Ethiopia. Most available studies focus on single contamination types, geographies, or commodities. This analysis synthesizes food safety research in Ethiopia taking a food system perspective. Our synthesis identified four thematic areas of concern (1) aquatic ecosystems and water as an agricultural input, (2) chemicals and heavy metals in agriculture and agricultural outputs, (3) mycotoxins, and (4) contamination in food products. We conclude with key actions in the short, medium, and long term and identify key stakeholders to take action to improve food safety. A safe food system requires collaboration. In Ethiopia, this requires multisectoral collaboration across federal ministries (horizontal) with all levels of regional-state governance (vertical) as well as the private sector. Regulation alone is insufficient; collective action is essential. The Food and Nutrition Council should lead coordination, ensuring policy coherence and navigating socio-political trade-offs. In the short term, a multisectoral committee should be established for immediate action. This committee should work with the research community to advance the evidence base. Medium term efforts should involve regional universities in monitoring of contamination and evaluating food safety actions. While long-term commitment is needed to address the issues identified, effective action can begin now, based on available evidence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"29 ","pages":"Article e02777"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting land use land cover changes and impact on urban wetlands using cellular automata and artificial neural networks approach, a case study in Greater Accra, Ghana","authors":"Michael Kofi Mborah Amoah,&nbsp;Pece V. Gorsevski","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Satellite imagery was used to map and predict potential future land use and land cover (LULC) changes and impact on wetlands in the Greater Accra Metropolitan Area (GAMA), Ghana for establishing appropriate urban planning policies and management methods. The research used classification and regression tree (CART) analysis with Landsat imagery from 2000, 2011, and 2020 to identify LULC changes and to project potential scenarios in 2030 and 2040. In the integrated cellular automata (CA) and artificial neural networks (ANN) (CA-ANN) framework, the transition potential was computed by ancillary driver variables that influence change including elevation, slope, NDVI, annual precipitation, distance from roads, and population density. The validation of the simulated LULC maps for 2020 produced an overall agreement of 86.26 % and a Kappa of 0.78. Future projections indicate that urban development and sprawl are expected to increase at an annual rate of up to 0.9 %, while wetlands and vegetation are projected to decline at annual rates of up to 2.6 % and 2.9 %, respectively. Results from the driver variables suggest that while the major road network in GAMA promoted the spread of urban expansion, the topographic constraints (i.e., slope and elevation) hindered the urban expansion. Urbanization is likely to have a more detrimental effect on wetlands in the near future, less so in the distant future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mathematical model of malaria transmission in conflict-affected regions and the implications on malaria interventions","authors":"Mohamed Salah Alhaj ,&nbsp;Farai Nyabadza","doi":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sciaf.2025.e02746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Malaria remains a life-threatening disease that is endemic to many African countries. Currently, several malaria-endemic areas are also experiencing armed conflicts, exacerbating the challenges of disease control. In this study, we develop a compartmental mathematical model to study malaria transmission in conflict-affected regions, incorporating both malaria control interventions and the effects of armed conflicts. We analyse the model by examining the positivity of solutions, the feasible region, equilibrium points and their stability, and the basic reproduction number, <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>. Our findings indicate that the model exhibits a forward bifurcation, implying that malaria transmission can be eliminated when <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span> but persists and spreads when <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>. Through sensitivity analysis, we show that increasing malaria control interventions effectively reduce <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, whereas conflict-related parameters contribute to its rise. Additionally, we fit the model to World Health Organisation (WHO) data from three malaria-endemic countries, and we found a Root Mean Square Error between the data and model outcome with values 0.0015 for Nigeria, 0.0055 for Sudan, and 0.0016 for DRC. The simulations highlight the impact of intensified malaria control efforts and the detrimental influence of armed conflict on malaria transmission dynamics. The sensitivity analysis results align with numerical findings, reinforcing the significance of intervention strategies. Furthermore, our study underscores the role of asymptomatic carriers in sustaining malaria transmission. The results of this paper have huge implications in providing recommendations on malaria control in conflict-affected areas, emphasising the need for strengthened control measures and targeted interventions despite the conflicts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":21690,"journal":{"name":"Scientific African","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article e02746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}