Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology最新文献

{"title":"Scenarios of Imperial Incorporation of Asiatic Russia within the Discourse of Celebrations Dedicated to the 300th Anniversary of Russian Expansion into Siberia (1881–1882)","authors":"M. Churkin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-120-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-120-129","url":null,"abstract":"Based on materials from publications dedicated to the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Russian expansion into Siberia, the article reconsiders the content of the discourse of celebrations that happened on October 26, 1881,  in the capital centers of the Russian Empire, as a promising model for the consolidation of the authorities and society in solving critical issues facing by the government in the eastern outskirts of the empire. The historiographical review reveals that researchers show solidarity in choosing the timing of the anniversary events. The scholars conducted  a thorough analysis of the discussions surrounding the determination of the time of celebration in the discourse of authorities and society. They concluded that the debates about the precise dates and years of the “Siberian conquest” were peripheral in nature and not of significant concern in the professional community or public opinion. The study identifies the main “platforms” of the jubilee discourse, as well as the ceremonial and storytelling aspects of the commemoration, dominated during the celebration of the Russian Expansion into Siberia, in the context of formulating and translating the current imperial scenarios to incorporate Asian Russia into the general imperial space. It has been established that the ceremonial components of the jubilee discourse outlined the priorities of the imperial center in making decisions of a colonization nature. The narrative part of the discourse showcased the willingness and ability of the authorities to engage with the social forces. This was particularly evident in the discussion and formulation of the programmatic narrative, which focused on the inclusion of Asian territories in the empire. The discourse emphasized the paramount importance of connecting the European and Asian parts of Russia by rail and introduced flexible algorithms for resolving foreign issues. Furthermore, the discourse aimed to reduce the share of exile as a tool of colonization and promote government-level involvement in the resettlement process.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"24 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beginning of Formation of the Military Medical Service of the Russian Army in the Turkestan Region in the 1860s","authors":"O. P. Kobzeva, T. T. Raishev","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-95-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-95-107","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the military medical service in Turkestan during the imperial period has yet to be thoroughly studied. This article aims to analyze the formation of the military healthcare system in Central Asia during the 1860s based on various approaches and methods and a wide range of archival materials, regulatory legal acts, historical sources, and scientific literature. The research delves into the state of traditional medicine in the region before the Russian conquest, examines the issues of adapting Russian troops to local climate conditions during the Turkestan campaigns, and analyzes the activities of military medical ranks, and the process of establishing military medical institutions in the Turkestan region, and later, in the Turkestan General-Governorship (Turkestan Military District). The study concludes that by the end of the 1860s, the military medicine system was established in the Turkestan Region, which includes regulations, military medical institutions such as hospitals, semi-hospitals (polu-gospitals), infirmaries (lazarets), and personnel to assist not only the servicemen of the Russian army but also the local population. ","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"19 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Beginning of Formation of the Military Medical Service of the Russian Army in the Turkestan Region in the 1860s","authors":"O. P. Kobzeva, T. T. Raishev","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-95-107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-95-107","url":null,"abstract":"The history of the military medical service in Turkestan during the imperial period has yet to be thoroughly studied. This article aims to analyze the formation of the military healthcare system in Central Asia during the 1860s based on various approaches and methods and a wide range of archival materials, regulatory legal acts, historical sources, and scientific literature. The research delves into the state of traditional medicine in the region before the Russian conquest, examines the issues of adapting Russian troops to local climate conditions during the Turkestan campaigns, and analyzes the activities of military medical ranks, and the process of establishing military medical institutions in the Turkestan region, and later, in the Turkestan General-Governorship (Turkestan Military District). The study concludes that by the end of the 1860s, the military medicine system was established in the Turkestan Region, which includes regulations, military medical institutions such as hospitals, semi-hospitals (polu-gospitals), infirmaries (lazarets), and personnel to assist not only the servicemen of the Russian army but also the local population. ","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenarios of Imperial Incorporation of Asiatic Russia within the Discourse of Celebrations Dedicated to the 300th Anniversary of Russian Expansion into Siberia (1881–1882)","authors":"M. Churkin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-120-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-120-129","url":null,"abstract":"Based on materials from publications dedicated to the celebration of the 300th anniversary of the Russian expansion into Siberia, the article reconsiders the content of the discourse of celebrations that happened on October 26, 1881,  in the capital centers of the Russian Empire, as a promising model for the consolidation of the authorities and society in solving critical issues facing by the government in the eastern outskirts of the empire. The historiographical review reveals that researchers show solidarity in choosing the timing of the anniversary events. The scholars conducted  a thorough analysis of the discussions surrounding the determination of the time of celebration in the discourse of authorities and society. They concluded that the debates about the precise dates and years of the “Siberian conquest” were peripheral in nature and not of significant concern in the professional community or public opinion. The study identifies the main “platforms” of the jubilee discourse, as well as the ceremonial and storytelling aspects of the commemoration, dominated during the celebration of the Russian Expansion into Siberia, in the context of formulating and translating the current imperial scenarios to incorporate Asian Russia into the general imperial space. It has been established that the ceremonial components of the jubilee discourse outlined the priorities of the imperial center in making decisions of a colonization nature. The narrative part of the discourse showcased the willingness and ability of the authorities to engage with the social forces. This was particularly evident in the discussion and formulation of the programmatic narrative, which focused on the inclusion of Asian territories in the empire. The discourse emphasized the paramount importance of connecting the European and Asian parts of Russia by rail and introduced flexible algorithms for resolving foreign issues. Furthermore, the discourse aimed to reduce the share of exile as a tool of colonization and promote government-level involvement in the resettlement process.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"57 1-2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image of the Soviet Authorities in the Perception of the Siberian Peasants during the Russian Civil War and the Period of New Economic Policy","authors":"T. I. Morozova, V. I. Shishkin","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-143-159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-143-159","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the ideas of the Siberian peasantry regarding Soviet authorities during the Russian Civil War and the Period of Implementation of the New Economic Policy (NEP). The importance of this issue lies in the fact that the population’s perception of the governing bodies plays a significant role in the life of any society since it influences  the political sentiments and the behavior of different social groups. However, this topic has not been extensively studied by Russian or international historiography. The research is based on a wide range of official documents, including newly discovered ones, produced by various Communist Party (Bolsheviks) bodies, the Joint State Political Directorate, and letters from ordinary people to authorities. The authors of the article analyze how different categories of Siberian peasants imagined the Soviet power vertical, what factors and how influenced formation and transformation of ideas about authorities during the Russian Civil War and NEP period. The article concludes by arguing that different social groups of the Siberian peasantry had different perceptions of Soviet authorities, which did not remain unchanged but varied over time. From the end of 1917 until the end of 1919, ideas about the Soviet authorities arose mainly independently, without significant external influence. The situation changed after the establishment of the dictatorship of the proletariat. The government’s policies and practices of implementation were the determining factors that shaped the image of the Soviet authorities throughout the 1920s","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"278 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139857514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diffusion of Innovations in the Far East of Russia during the Late 19th to Early 20th Centuries (by the Example of Electrification)","authors":"A. V. Maklyukov","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-130-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-130-142","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the historical conditions, identifies channels, agents and features of the distribution of innovative products in the Russian Far East during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, using electrification as an example. It determines the role of electro-technical innovations in the modernization process of the region, highlighting the favorable historical conditions that developed for the diffusion of innovations in the Far East. The government policy, which aimed at opening up the Far Eastern economy and attracting foreign entrepreneurs, as well as the high susceptibility of the Far Eastern population to innovations, accelerated diffusion processes. The primary agents and translators of innovations were foreign nationals, particularly entrepreneurs from Germany. The study concludes that the diffusion processes of electrical innovations became the most crucial element of the modernization of the region, playing a critical role in forming the Far Eastern industry, developing urban amenities, changing everyday culture and improving the population's quality of life. The historical experience of electrification of the Far East at the turn of the 19th – 20th centuries shows that the diffusion of innovations occurs as Russia moves along the path of modernization, its readiness for openness and strengthening contacts with foreign countries.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"73 11-12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“I am your companion on earth, fight for me!”: Mutuality in Ancient Egyptian Letters to the Dead in the End of 3rd – the Beginning of 2nd Millennium BC","authors":"A. E. Demidchik, A. V. Khaprova","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-9-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-9-18","url":null,"abstract":"Although the ideological foundation of mutual aid within ancient Egyptian small social groups (family, neighbors, etc.) is mostly clear, very few written sources reveal such customs and practices of the Old and Middle Kingdoms. This gap is to some extent filled by Letters to the Dead – written requests for help addressed to deceased relatives, often mentioning mutual obligations of the living “sender” and the deceased “recipient”. Most “senders” of such letters require the “addressees” to follow the principle of reciprocity, a kind of do ut des: since the living contribute to the well-being of the dead by performing cult actions, the latter must now help the living. The rule of mutual assistance was so strict and pervasive that it transcended the boundary of life and death. The Letters to the Dead imply that deceased relatives remained firmly embedded in social networks of mutual aid. However, the most valued was not  a strictly fixed “return” of the once received assistance, but the confidence that the person who received support will not fail to come to the aid of his “benefactor” if trouble happens to the latter. At the same time, the Letters to the Dead show that Egyptians considered it not too petty to refer to their former merits in desperate times: for example, to mention an offering of a bull leg and seven quails in a letter to the deceased parents.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"21 1‐2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139796600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rock Sanctuaries of Apollo in Southern Pisidia: Traditional and “Author’s”","authors":"E. V. Prikhodko","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-19-30","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-19-30","url":null,"abstract":"Most rock sanctuaries founded in the mountains of Taurus in the 1st – 3rd century AD had a votive character. These sanctuaries belonged to different deities. In southern Pisidia, three traditional rock sanctuaries of Apollo are known: in Perminus, near the city of Pednelissos, and near the ancient city, whose ruins are located near Kocaaliler. The iconography of Apollo in these sanctuaries differs from the image of a naked god familiar to the Greeks. On the votive stelae from Perminus, Apollo is represented as a rider-god, and in two other sanctuaries the image of the god reproduces the basic principles of the idea of the local god of the Pamphylian city of Side, the so-called Apollo Sidetes. But in the 2nd half of the 2nd century AD, a resident of the city of Adada named Leontianos founded near the road in Yazılı kanyon his “author’s” sanctuary. Based on the traditional votive principle, Leontianos carved on the rock his own verses containing hortations in Stoic philosophy and presented his walking stick as a gift to Apollo. This walking stick symbolized the rejection of reliance on everything material and the achievement of inner freedom, which was taught by Epictetus. The author provides a comparative description of these sanctuaries and points out how the idea of erecting an “author’s” sanctuary arose from the tradition of founding votive sanctuaries and how this new sanctuary differed from the traditional ones. ","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"23 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Transformations of the Russian Literary Canon in Russia and the United Kingdom","authors":"L. V. Deriglazova, A. Pogorelskaya","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-31-43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-31-43","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to reveal the changes in studies of Russian literature in Russia and the United Kingdom in the last three decades. The authors use the concept of the Russian literary canon to highlight the differences in the content and focus of the study of Russian literature. The empirical base of the research is Russian official documents, school textbooks, syllabi of university courses in Russian literature, and the collections of university libraries in the UK. Russian literary canon has changed to bridge the ideological break in Russian literature of the twentieth century. In Russia, the main channel for transmitting the canon is school education. The study of literature is supposed to ensure the formation of national identity, patriotism, humanistic values, and understanding of the exclusivity of Russian literature. The national canon understood as “compulsory reading”, performs socializing, educational, and stabilizing functions. The study of Russian literature in the UK began in the late 19th century at universities, where course content reflected the changing political context. Library collections and university curricula demonstrate the wide range of authors and research topics studied. The study of Russian literature in the UK could not be defined through the Russian literature canon as there is no mandatory reading, and it is studied mainly in translation. Thus, there is no connection between language and literature. The stable interest in the UK towards Russian literature of the 19th and 20th centuries confirms that it belongs to the world’s cultural heritage beyond national borders.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"10 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practices of the Interaction of Muslim Communities of the Steppes with the Government (The 2nd Half of the 19th – Early 20th Century)","authors":"Yu. A. Lysenko","doi":"10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-108-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7919-2024-23-1-108-119","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the records of the central and local government of the Russian Empire, stored in the Central State Archive of the Republic of Kazakhstan and Russian State Historical Archive, the article analyzes the aspects and practices of interaction between the authorities and Muslim communities of the Steppe Region in the 2nd half of the 19th – early 20th century. Unlike the Orthodox population living in this administrative-territorial division, whose spiritual life was controlled by the officials assigned by the Holy Synod, Muslims were in the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Hence, the regional administration and several central ministries were directly involved in solving the problems of the spiritual life of Muslims of the Steppes. The competence of these authorities included establishing new parish organizations and constructing the worship places, founding confessional schools and religious and charitable societies, and organizing the believers’ pilgrimage to holy places. The legislation regulating the decision-making process for such tasks required submitting a petition to the local authorities, followed by their step-by-step consideration and then resolution. The central aspect of communication between the governing bodies and the Muslim communities was the establishment of the Spiritual Board in the Steppe region. The Kazakh population filed countless petitions to the central government during the first Russian Revolution of 1905–1907. As a result of the petition campaign, the practice of holding special and private meetings with the participation of representatives from authorities and Muslim communities of the region emerged. As sources evidence, when making decisions concerning the Muslims of the Steppe Region, local administrations relied on the trends in ethno-confessional policy implemented by the central government. Therefore, quite often, outcomes did not benefit the local Muslim population. However, in other aspects, the communication between the authorities and the Muslim communities can be characterized as constructive.","PeriodicalId":508489,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik NSU. Series: History and Philology","volume":"28 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}