NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000677
Alexandra Akrivaki, Stefanos Karamanidis, Evangelia-Makrina Dimitriadou, Aikaterini Theodorou, Dimitrios Kitsos, Dimitrios Tzanetakos, John S Tzartos, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Sotirios Giannopoulos
{"title":"Spinal H-Sign in Syphilitic Myelitis Mimicking MOGAD.","authors":"Alexandra Akrivaki, Stefanos Karamanidis, Evangelia-Makrina Dimitriadou, Aikaterini Theodorou, Dimitrios Kitsos, Dimitrios Tzanetakos, John S Tzartos, Georgios Tsivgoulis, Sotirios Giannopoulos","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000677","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000677","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM) is classically associated with aquaporin-4 antibody-mediated neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). The \"H-sign,\" reflecting gray matter involvement, is considered suggestive of MOGAD. However, infectious etiologies, including neurosyphilis, may rarely mimic autoimmune inflammatory myelopathies radiologically.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 50-year-old man presented with 6 months of erectile dysfunction and urinary retention, followed by progressive gait instability. Examination revealed spastic paraparesis with tetrapyramidal signs, saddle hypoesthesia, and impaired vibration sense. Thoracic spine MRI demonstrated LETM from T4 to T10 with central gray matter involvement forming the \"H-sign.\" Postcontrast sequences showed intense pial and intramedullary enhancement with inversion of signal intensity (\"flip-flop sign\"), suggestive of inflammatory meningomyelitis. Brain MRI was normal. Serum treponemal tests were reactive, and cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed lymphocytic pleocytosis, elevated protein, and positive VDRL, confirming neurosyphilis. MOG-IgG and AQP4-IgG were negative using validated cell-based assays. The patient received intravenous benzylpenicillin combined with high-dose corticosteroids, resulting in significant clinical improvement and partial radiologic resolution at 6 months.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Neurosyphilis is a rare but treatable cause of LETM and may radiologically mimic antibody-mediated demyelinating disorders, including MOGAD. The coexistence of the \"H-sign\" and the flip-flop enhancement pattern highlights the diagnostic overlap between infectious and autoimmune myelitis. Careful exclusion of infectious etiologies remains essential in patients presenting with LETM to ensure appropriate therapy and avoid unnecessary immunosuppression.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"190-192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000680
Peter Tuchin, Jeffrey Wilder, Ron Farabaugh, James Demetrious, David I Graber
{"title":"Cervical Artery Dissection and Chiropractic.","authors":"Peter Tuchin, Jeffrey Wilder, Ron Farabaugh, James Demetrious, David I Graber","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000680","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"193"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148320269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000672
Shaima Abuhulayqah, Khaled Alshehri, Mohammed Asiry, Khalid Alqadi
{"title":"Predictive Value of Unilateral Hand Automatism and Brain Positron Emission Tomography Scan in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery Outcomes.","authors":"Shaima Abuhulayqah, Khaled Alshehri, Mohammed Asiry, Khalid Alqadi","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000672","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000672","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aimed to identify the lateralizing value of unilateral hand automatism, with or without concomitant contralateral hand dystonic posturing, in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and to determine surgical outcomes in patients who underwent resection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective chart review study, we reviewed video recordings of 50 patients who consecutively underwent presurgical evaluations with ictal video-electroencephalogram recordings between 2018 and 2022 and had epilepsy surgery for intractable MTLE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients with right-hand automatism without contralateral dystonia (10 patients) had ipsilateral right MTLE, whereas only 50% of patients with right-hand automatism and associated contralateral dystonia (8 patients) did. Sixteen patients had left-hand automatism with contralateral dystonia, of which 68% had ipsilateral left MTLE, whereas only 2 of 6 patients with only left-hand automatism had similar findings. A brain positron emission tomography (PET) scan showed right temporal hypometabolism in 23 patients (46%), whereas 19 patients (38%) had left temporal hypometabolism. 42 (84%) patients had a class I surgical outcome (free of disabling seizures) according to the Engel Classification, a favorable outcome. Lateralization of the PET scan was significantly associated with the best surgical outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study showed that unilateral upper-limb automatisms in MTLE occur mostly ipsilaterally to the epileptogenic zone, and that the right hand is more sensitive and specific when automatisms occur. Left upper-limb automatism with contralateral dystonia is associated with a higher likelihood of an ipsilateral left epileptogenic focus. The brain PET scan best predicted surgical outcomes in MTLE.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"136-140"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13317908/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147984072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000674
Nahid Mohammadzadeh, Liqi Shu, Farhan Khan, Radmehr Torabi, Ethan Snow, Kelvin Chang, Krisztina Moldovan, Mahesh Jayaraman, Eric D Goldstein, Narendra Kala, Shadi Yaghi
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Endovascular Treatment Outcomes in Acute Large Vessel Occlusion Strokes: Intracranial Atherosclerotic Versus Nonintracranial Atherosclerotic Occlusions.","authors":"Nahid Mohammadzadeh, Liqi Shu, Farhan Khan, Radmehr Torabi, Ethan Snow, Kelvin Chang, Krisztina Moldovan, Mahesh Jayaraman, Eric D Goldstein, Narendra Kala, Shadi Yaghi","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000674","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000674","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) is a common cause of ischemic stroke worldwide. We assessed the clinical outcomes of endovascular treatment in acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) strokes caused by ICAD and compared them with large vessel occlusion strokes not associated with intracranial atherosclerosis (non-ICAD LVO).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included consecutive adult patients diagnosed with LVO stroke who underwent endovascular therapy at Rhode Island Hospital from July 2015 to March 2023, and data were collected retrospectively. We compared baseline characteristics and outcomes, including recurrent in-hospital large vessel occlusion, disability, and mortality between these 2 groups (ICAD LVO vs. non-ICAD LVO). We used the t test, χ 2 , and Fisher exact tests were used for the comparison of groups and adjusted binary logistic regression to compare outcomes between the 2 groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study comprised 1390 adult patients diagnosed with LVO stroke who underwent endovascular therapy at Rhode Island Hospital from July 2015 to March 2023, and data were collected retrospectively. Among these, 68 patients were ICAD LVO, while 1322 individuals were categorized as non-ICAD LVO. In the ICAD-LVO group, 38 patients received stenting, while 30 did not, of whom 23 underwent angioplasty. Patients with ICAD LVO group had a higher odds of reocclusion during hospitalization (11.8% vs. 4%, P =0.008), but there was no significant difference in good 90-day functional outcome (mRS ≤2) (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.45-1.79; P =0.749) and 90-day mortality rate (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 0.69-3.14; P =0.320) between the ICAD LVO and non-ICAD LVO groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study showed increased odds of reocclusion during hospitalization in the ICAD LVO group following endovascular therapy. However, we did not observe any statistically significant differences in measures of disability and mortality between the 2 groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"157-160"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147943458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000660
Wang Fu, Yongpeng Wang, Qiwei Wang, Qianqian Bi, Yong Qin, Wenjie Xu, Quanbin Zhang, Feng Wang
{"title":"Risk Factors of Carotid Intraplaque Neovascularization Detected By Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound.","authors":"Wang Fu, Yongpeng Wang, Qiwei Wang, Qianqian Bi, Yong Qin, Wenjie Xu, Quanbin Zhang, Feng Wang","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000660","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the potential risk factors of intraplaque neovascularization (IPN) detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From June 2018 to June 2022, patients who underwent CEUS in 2 centers were enrolled. Demographics, comorbidities, serum index, blood cell classification, lipids, the classification of IPN and follow-up information were collected and analyzed. The classification of IPN was identified on the basis of microbubbles within the plaque and graded as: grade 1=no appearance of bubbles within the plaque; grade 2=moderate appearance of bubbles within the plaque; and grade 3=extensive appearance of bubbles within the plaque. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to identify potential independent risk factors of IPN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 91 patients were enrolled and analyzed. The mean age was 66.3±9.45 (ranged: 35 to 92 y). The IPN were detected in 50 (54.9%) patients. Compared with patients without IPN, patients with that were more likely to have diabetes mellitus (DM) ( P <0.001), hyperlipidemia ( P =0.016), and higher serum hs-CRP level ( P <0.001). The level of LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL was detected in more patients with IPN ( P <0.001), and more patients with IPN had a history of alcohol drinking ( P =0.046) and coronary artery disease (CAD) ( P =0.08). Meanwhile, patients with IPN showed significantly higher neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (3.2±1.4 vs. 2.0±1.2, P <0.001), the plaque thickness was higher in patients with IPN compared with patients without that (2.5±1.0 vs. 1.8±1.0 mm, P =0.003). In the multivariate analysis, DM [odds ratio (OR): 0.042; 95% CI: 0.004-0.441; P =0.008], hs-CRP >2 mg/L (OR: 0.124; 95% CI: 0.016-0.978; P =0.048), and LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL (OR: 0.10; 95% CI: 0.001-0.153; P =0.001) were independent risk factors of IPN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>IPN was not rare in patients with carotid plaque, and CEUS was effective in detecting IPN in clinical practice. DM, hs-CRP >2 mg/L, and LDL-C ≥100 mg/dL were independent risk factors of IPN.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"161-165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147943605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000673
Erin L Bendock, Brittny L Medenwald, Cassey J Starnes, A Shaun Rowe, Thomas J Christianson, Kalene H Farley, Kristi R Minton, Leslie A Hamilton
{"title":"Optimizing Levetiracetam Dosage in Status Epilepticus: A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Erin L Bendock, Brittny L Medenwald, Cassey J Starnes, A Shaun Rowe, Thomas J Christianson, Kalene H Farley, Kristi R Minton, Leslie A Hamilton","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000673","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000673","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Status epilepticus (SE) is a severe neurological condition with significant morbidity and mortality. While guidelines offer recommendations for emergent therapy with benzodiazepines, there is limited guidance for medications for urgent control in SE. High-dose levetiracetam (LEV) (60 mg/kg) was introduced in the 2019 ESETT trial and has not been studied against the previous standard.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort evaluated patients admitted for SE. Patients were included if they received ≥1 dose of intravenous LEV ≥20 mg/kg from January 1, 2019, to January 14, 2022, and were 17 years of age or older. Traumatic injuries were excluded. Patients were divided into groups of LEV loading dose of <40 mg/kg and LEV loading dose of ≥40 mg/kg.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients who received ≥40 mg/kg of LEV were less likely to require a second ASM within 48 hours as compared with those receiving <40 mg/kg [39(69.9%) vs. 15(38.5%); P =0.0127]. After logistic regression analysis that included home ASM use, doses ≥40 mg/kg of LEV, and a total of ≥4 mg of lorazepam equivalents received, no difference was seen in ASM requirements. Patients who received <40 mg/kg were more likely to have a history of seizure and be on ASMs before admission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After logistic regression, the loading dose of LEV did not change the need for additional ASM to control seizures in SE. Further investigations evaluating the efficacy of 20 mg/kg compared with 60 mg/kg are needed; however, this study found no difference in seizure control between the groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"151-156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147943548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000676
Qingyu Fan, Fangcun Li, Mengchi Pu, Guilian Zhang
{"title":"Preoperative Lipoprotein(a) and Dose-Dependent Risk of Stroke After Intracranial Stenting for Symptomatic Atherosclerosis: A Retrospective Analysis of a Contemporary Prospective Registry.","authors":"Qingyu Fan, Fangcun Li, Mengchi Pu, Guilian Zhang","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000676","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an established risk factor for atherosclerotic disease and predicts events after coronary or carotid revascularization. Its role after intracranial artery stenting remains undefined. We investigated the association between preoperative Lp(a) and 1-year stroke risk post-stenting for symptomatic intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS), as well as to characterize the dose-response relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained registry, we enrolled consecutive patients undergoing stenting for symptomatic ICAS (2022 to 2024). Patients were categorized by preoperative Lp(a) (<30 vs. ≥30 mg/dL). The primary endpoint was ischemic stroke (30 d to 1 y). Associations were assessed through Kaplan-Meier, Cox regression, and restricted cubic splines (RCS) for dose-response analysis. Sensitivity and competing-risk analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 405 patients, the high Lp(a) group (n=132) had a significantly higher stroke incidence (12.87% vs. 6.27%, P =0.024). After adjusting for diabetes and follow-up LDL-C, Lp(a) ≥30 mg/dL was independently associated with stroke risk (adjusted HR=2.05, 95% CI: 1.04-4.04; P =0.038). Results were robust in sensitivity analyses. RCS analysis confirmed a significant nonlinear dose-response relationship ( P for nonlinearity=0.010). The risk increased progressively across the Lp(a) distribution, with a markedly attenuated slope of increase at concentrations above ~50 mg/dL. A post hoc cutoff of ≥50 mg/dL yielded a higher HR (2.73) but with wider confidence intervals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In a contemporary ICAS stenting cohort, elevated preoperative Lp(a) is an independent predictor of 1-year stroke recurrence, demonstrating a nonlinear dose-response pattern. The 30 mg/dL threshold is pragmatic for clinical risk screening, whereas the 50 mg/dL level may serve to enrich populations for trials of novel Lp(a)-lowering therapies. These findings require prospective, multicenter validation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"166-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000675
Alper Mert, Dilara Aktert Ayar
{"title":"Oromandibular Dyskinesia Associated With Levofloxacin and Responsive to Low-Dose Oral Diazepam: A Case Report.","authors":"Alper Mert, Dilara Aktert Ayar","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000675","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000675","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oromandibular dyskinesia (OMD) is a rare movement disorder characterized by involuntary, repetitive, and often uncontrolled movements of the jaw, lips, and tongue. It may be associated with antipsychotics, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, and antibiotics. The OMD caused by antibiotics is very rare and often overlooked.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>We report here an 89-year-old female patient who had chewing-like oromandibular dyskinesia, defined by vertical jaw opening and closing motions, on the third day of oral levofloxacin medication, which began for community-acquired pneumonia. After cessation of levofloxacin and initiation of low-dose diazepam (5 mg/d), dramatic clinical improvement was observed within 48 hours, with symptoms nearly fully resolved by day 7.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fluoroquinolones can rarely cause movement disorders like OMD. The exact mechanism is unknown, but it may involve GABA imbalance. Stopping the drug and starting benzodiazepines may lead to a fast recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"175-178"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
NeurologistPub Date : 2026-07-01DOI: 10.1097/NRL.0000000000000679
Richard J Caselli, David S Geldmacher, Traci B Schilling
{"title":"A Narrative Review of Amyloid-β Monoclonal Antibodies for Alzheimer Disease: How Amyloid Species Engagement May Affect Clinical Outcomes.","authors":"Richard J Caselli, David S Geldmacher, Traci B Schilling","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000679","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000679","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of death worldwide, with growing prevalence as life expectancy increases. An important neurological hallmark of AD is the deposition of extracellular neuritic amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques that can disrupt synaptic transmission and cause neuronal death. More recent studies suggest that targeting Aβ species can slow the progression of cognitive decline in AD.</p><p><strong>Review summary: </strong>This narrative review examines the efficacy of monoclonal antibodies targeting the amyloid-β (Aβ) protein in the treatment of AD. It discusses the mechanisms by which these antibodies aim to mitigate amyloid pathology and explores their clinical outcomes in various trials. The review highlights the importance of amyloid plaque reduction to less than 25 Centiloids observed through amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) scans as a predictor of slowing cognitive decline. The findings suggest that targeting insoluble amyloid plaques is crucial for achieving clinical benefits in AD treatment. This review also discusses the phenomenon of amyloid-related imaging abnormalities (ARIA) that may be associated with monoclonal antibody therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monoclonal antibodies that target Aβ monomers, soluble oligomers and protofibrils, and insoluble fibrils/plaques were developed, and not all have provided clinical benefit. Emerging evidence suggests that it is important to reduce amyloid plaque burden to less than 25 Centiloids, consistent with a visually negative amyloid PET scan, in order to slow cognitive decline in early symptomatic AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":"31 4","pages":"129-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13317900/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148406649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Observation of the Angioplasty Effect of Stent-Retriever Thrombectomy in Acute Intracranial Atherosclerotic Artery Stenosis: A Case Series Analysis.","authors":"Xueli Cai, Kaiqi Zhu, Yuzhen Wang, Hao Chen, Chen Xiao, Jingping Sun","doi":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000650","DOIUrl":"10.1097/NRL.0000000000000650","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is one of the most common causes of ischemic stroke worldwide, and endovascular treatment is the primary therapeutic approach, but the clinical recanalization rate is low. Clinical practice has revealed the occurrence of an angioplasty effect following endovascular treatment, which may explain the low recanalization rate. Four patients with ICAS who underwent endovascular therapy were included in this retrospective case series. Demographic, medical histories, treatment, and outcome data were extracted. After undergoing stent-retriever thrombectomy, patients were monitored to assess whether the stenosis showed transient improvement only. The blood flow was observed for 10 to 30 minutes by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), and stent implantation was considered. Clinical data were collected on 4 patients with ICAS who received endovascular treatment. Therefore, we propose the angioplasty effect of stent-retriever thrombectomy, which holds significant value in guiding endovascular treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49758,"journal":{"name":"Neurologist","volume":" ","pages":"99-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13148503/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146120803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}