ACS Applied Bio Materials最新文献

{"title":"Quantification of Albumin and γ-Globulin Concentrations in an Electrolyte Solution by Multivariate-Regressive Gaussian Admittance Relaxation Times Distribution (mgARTD).","authors":"Arbariyanto Mahmud Wicaksono, Songshi Li, Ryoma Ogawa, Masahiro Takei","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c01188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Albumin and γ-globulin concentrations in an electrolyte solution have been quantified by a multivariate-regressive Gaussian admittance relaxation times distribution (mgARTD). The mgARTD is built based on the training data consisting of the impedance spectroscopy system measurement result of protein mixture solutions with a known concentration of albumin, γ-globulin, and sodium electrolyte to perform concentration quantification on a prospective protein mixture solution with an unknown concentration. The mgARTD consists of three steps: (1) Prediction step of the peak matrix <b>P*</b> by Gaussian ARTD (gARTD) with the Gaussian process and peak detection algorithm, (2) Training step of the approximated coefficient matrix <b>A</b>̃ based on the multivariate-regressive formula <b>P*</b> = <b>Ac</b> + <b>φ</b> (<b>A</b>: multivariate-regression coefficient matrix, <b>φ</b>: error matrix, and <b>c</b>: known concentration matrix of the training data set), and (3) Quantification step of the approximated concentration <b>c</b>̃ based on the Gauss-Newton algorithm from the predicted <math><mover><msup><mi>P</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>ˇ</mo></mover></math> of the quantification data and the approximated <b>A</b>̃. In the experiments, first, <b>A</b>̃ is approximated on the predicted <b>P*</b> and the known <b>c</b> under the 27 cases of protein and electrolyte concentrations (albumin: 0.800-2.400 g/dL, γ-globulin: 0.400-1.200 g/dL, and sodium electrolyte: 0.700-0.750 g/dL). Next, <b>c</b>̃ is determined by <b>A</b>̃ and quantification data <math><mover><msup><mi>P</mi><mo>*</mo></msup><mo>ˇ</mo></mover></math> under an unknown albumin, γ-globulin, and sodium electrolyte concentration. The effect of albumin and γ-globulin on ARTD is observed in <math><mover><mrow><msubsup><mi>τ</mi><mn>1</mn><mo>*</mo></msubsup><mspace></mspace></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> > 0.05 ms for counterion effects and in 10 μs > <math><mover><mrow><msubsup><mi>τ</mi><mn>2</mn><mo>*</mo></msubsup><mspace></mspace></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> > 1 μs for protein reorientations. The gARTD <i>γ</i>* function achieves a transform fitting error of 10.90% on average, which is 12.12% lower than that of ARTD and minimizes the quantification error. The absolute percentage quantification error of <b>c</b>̃ by mgARTD is 9.90%, 9.12%, and 1.70% for albumin, globulin, and sodium electrolyte, respectively, which is significantly lower than 25.56%, 20.90%, and 25.71% for albumin, globulin, and sodium electrolyte by mARTD.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145013465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis for Enhanced Apoptosis Induction and Cellular Imaging in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer by Casein-Protected Blue-Emissive Carbon Dots.","authors":"Bijaideep Dutta, Neena G Shetake, Abhishek Sharma, Kaustava Bhattacharyya, Badri N Pandey, Puthusserickal A Hassan, Kanhu C Barick","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c01187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of multifunctional nanoplatforms capable of drug delivery and real-time cellular imaging remains a key challenge in cancer theranostics. Herein, we report the development of a casein-protected maleic acid-derived nitrogen-doped carbon dot-based luminescent nanoplatform (MNCD@Cas NPs) for efficient delivery of the anticancer drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) to triple-negative breast cancer cells. Synthesized via a facile two-step method, the MNCD@Cas NPs exhibit bright blue fluorescence (λ_em = 390 nm), high water dispersibility, excellent colloidal stability, and substantial DOX loading capacity (∼84%) driven by electrostatic interactions. The drug-loaded MNCD@Cas NPs (DOX@MNCD@Cas NPs) exhibited clathrin-mediated endocytosis in MDA-MB-231 cells and pH-dependent drug release at higher levels under mild acidic conditions. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was validated by confocal microscopic imaging of early endosomal antigen 1 expression, which showed a significant reduction in red fluorescent vesicles upon pretreatment with monodansyl cadaverine, a clathrin-mediated endocytosis inhibitor, compared to nystatin, an inhibitor of caveolin-mediated uptake. Further, the flow-cytometry-based quantification of DOX fluorescence confirmed the reduced intracellular uptake in MDC-pretreated cells, supporting the predominant involvement of clathrin-mediated internalization. The system induced pronounced cell cycle arrest at sub-G1 and G2-M phases, indicating apoptosis induction, as evident by confocal microscopy imaging and flow cytometric analysis. The intrinsic fluorescence of a biocompatible carbon dot enables real-time cellular imaging without using any external dye. This dual functionality such as anticancer drug delivery and imaging capability positions DOX-loaded MNCD@Cas NPs as a highly promising nanotheranostic platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albumin Binding Enhances the Lysosomal β-Galactosidase Sensitivity of Fluorogenic Probes Characteristic of Intramolecular Charge Transfer.","authors":"Jing-Jie Yang, Xue-Ru Zhao, Chen-Han Wang, Xi-Le Hu, Jia Li, Xiao-Peng He","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c01056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glycosidases generally function in specific organelles to hydrolyze glycoconjugates. Thus, the in situ visualization of glycosidase activities in an organelle-targeted manner can help to better delineate their biological functions. Lysosomal β-galactosidase (β-Gal) is reported to be a biomarker for ovarian cancer and cellular senescence. Here, we developed near-infrared fluorogenic probes for the detection of β-Gal activity based on modulating the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) of a hemicyanine dye. The constructed probe, <b>Hcy-Lyso-Gal</b> bearing a morpholine group to target the lysosomes, enabled the visualization of lysosomal β-Gal activity in different live cells. Through a series of experiments, we rationalized that human serum albumin binding could be the main reason by which to significantly enhance the fluorescence of the probe in the acidic lysosomes where its phenol anion is protonated to quench dye fluorescence. In addition, the probe was used to image cell lines with different endogenous β-Gal expression levels and visualize lysosomal β-Gal in senescent cells. This study offers insight into the employment of ICT-based probes for fluorescence-based imaging of lysosomal enzymes.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of a Superhydrophobic-Photodynamic Dual Antimicrobial Polyester Textile for Inhibiting Biofilm Formation in Medical Applications.","authors":"Huangming Zhuang, Jiaqi Li, Hao Jiang, Wei Liu, Qiaoying Ding, Muhammad Mushtaq, Xiaohong Yuan, Qufu Wei, Qingqing Wang","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c00886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The problem of hospital-acquired infections arising from inadequate antimicrobial and antibiofilm performance in medical textiles is an increasingly urgent threat to public health. The dual strategy combining superhydrophobic surfaces with aPDT exhibits potent antibacterial efficacy and barely triggers the risk of antimicrobial resistance, but still encounters significant challenges, including intricate fabrication methods and narrow spectral absorption of single-photosensitizer (PS) systems. A superhydrophobic-photodynamic dual antimicrobial polyester fabric is developed herein for medical applications to address these challenges. A binary-PS system comprising curcumin (Cur) and methylene blue (MB) was loaded onto polyester fabrics via an integrated dyeing and finishing technology, while dodecyltrichlorosilane (DTCS)-modified silicon dioxide (abbreviated as DSiO₂) was spray-coated to construct a robust superhydrophobic surface. The binary-PS (Cur/MB) achieves broad spectral coverage (400-700 nm) and significantly enhances reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation under visible light irradiation via a Type II photodynamic mechanism. Benefiting from its strong antiadhesion and dual-photosensitizer enhanced photodynamic bactericidal properties, the superhydrophobic-photodynamic polyester fabrics exhibit 99.99% (4 log units) antibacterial efficiency under visible light irradiation (60,000 lx, 30 min). Remarkable biofilm inhibition of the fabric is also evidenced by the reduction of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i> biofilm activity to 0.11 and 0.42, respectively. Moreover, the fabric displays excellent biocompatibility, maintaining the 85.51% viability of L929 cells after 24 h. Overall, this scalable and efficient fabrication strategy for superhydrophobic-photodynamic antibacterial textiles offers significant advantages in combating bacterial infections and suppressing biofilm formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wearable Point-of-Care Biosensor for Biomolecular Assay in Health Monitoring.","authors":"Yujia Song, Minghao Zhao, Hong Yang, Peili Huang, Yueyue Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01520","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c01520","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wearable biosensors represent a significant advancement in preventive health monitoring by enabling early disease detection through real-time bioanalysis. This review examines the evolution of point-of-care testing (POCT), with a focus on materials, fabrication techniques, and real-world applications. These biosensors utilize advanced materials, such as supramolecular hydrogels, and innovative manufacturing methods, providing high sensitivity, specificity, and portability. They enable continuous monitoring of biomolecules─including proteins, nucleic acids, and pathogens─in peripheral body fluids, thereby supporting the early diagnosis of diseases such as infections, cardiovascular disorders, diabetes, and cancer. The integration of wireless data transmission and artificial intelligence further enhances the applicability of these devices in both clinical and remote healthcare settings. The implementation of such technologies shows potential for reducing healthcare expenditures and improving therapeutic outcomes. However, challenges remain in standardizing POCT protocols, ensuring cost-effectiveness, and safeguarding patient data privacy. This review underscores the potential of wearable biosensors in global healthcare while emphasizing the necessity for continued research to address current limitations.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145005657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetomechanical Detachment of Bacterial Biofilms Using Anisotropic Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanochains","authors":"Matija Šavli,&nbsp;Manca Černila,&nbsp;Maja Caf,&nbsp;Abida Zahirović,&nbsp;Nika Zaveršek,&nbsp;Sebastjan Nemec,&nbsp;Spase Stojanov,&nbsp;Anja Klančnik,&nbsp;Jerica Sabotič,&nbsp;Slavko Kralj* and Aleš Berlec*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01029","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01029","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Bacterial biofilms attach to various surfaces and represent an important clinical and public health problem, as they are highly recalcitrant and are often associated with chronic, nonhealing diseases and healthcare-associated infections. Antibacterial agents are often not sufficient for their elimination and have to be combined with mechanical removal. Mechanical forces can be generated by actuating nonspherical (anisotropic) magnetically responsive nanoparticles in a rotating magnetic field. We have thus prepared anisotropic superparamagnetic nanochains in the size range of 0.5–1 μm by magnetically assembling several iron oxide nanoparticle clusters and coating them with a layer of silica with different shell morphologies: smooth, moderately rough, and highly rough. The silica surface was additionally functionalized with carboxylic groups to increase colloidal stability. The efficacy of the nanochains in biofilm removal was studied systematically with three different model nonpathogenic bacterial species <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Lactococcus lactis</i>, and <i>Pseudomonas fragi</i>; two different magnetic field strengths; two stirring speeds; and two treatment durations. All bacterial species were engineered to express fluorescent proteins to enable quantification of biofilm removal by colony-forming unit count and fluorescence measurements. Nanochains removed &gt;90% of Gram-negative <i>E. coli</i> and <i>P. fragi</i> with a stronger magnetic field, and &lt;90% of Gram-positive <i>L. lactis</i> with a weaker magnetic field. Surface roughness of nanochains, duration, and stirring speed also affected removal, but the effect could not be generalized. In contrast to their effects on biofilms, the functionalized nanochains showed no toxicity to Caco-2 intestinal epithelial cells, regardless of whether magnetomechanical force was employed or not. In summary, we demonstrated that remotely controlled spatial movement of nanoparticles can generate sufficient mechanical forces to disperse attached biofilms while retaining safety in an epithelial cell model.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"8 9","pages":"8059–8071"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/acsabm.5c01029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cholesterol-Functionalized Porous PLA Microparticles for Enhanced Drug Delivery","authors":"Ahammed HM Mohammed-Sadhakathullah,&nbsp;Leonor Resina,&nbsp;Hamidreza Enshaei,&nbsp;Kristina Ivanova,&nbsp;Tzanko Tzanov,&nbsp;Maria M. Pérez-Madrigal,&nbsp;Elaine Armelin and Juan Torras*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00693","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00693","url":null,"abstract":"<p >A drug delivery platform based on highly porous poly(lactic acid) (PLA) microparticles functionalized with amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)–cholesterol (PEG–Chol) has been developed and successfully validated <i>in vitro</i>. This hybrid system addresses key limitations of conventional PLA and poly(lactide-<i>co</i>-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles, providing better encapsulation and sustained drug release. The incorporation of PEG–Chol provides both enhanced aqueous dispersibility for prolonged circulation and membrane-anchoring capabilities, thereby promoting cellular interaction and endocytosis. The particles were loaded with two lipophilic anticancer agents, curcumin (Cur) and tamoxifen (Tmx), whose clinical use is constrained by poor solubility and systemic side effects. In vitro studies using MCF-7 breast cancer cells demonstrated successful cellular uptake and significantly reduced cell viability, validating the therapeutic potential of the system. These results highlight the promise of lipid-functionalized porous PLA particles as a versatile and effective platform for advanced drug delivery in breast cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"8 9","pages":"7743–7756"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144999189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Nanodrug Self-Assembled from a Redox-Responsive Cabazitaxel–Zosuquidar Conjugate and DSPE-PEG2k Reverses Multidrug Resistance in Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer","authors":"Yingchun Liu,&nbsp;Penghui Wang,&nbsp;Wenhui Gao,&nbsp;Xuelin Xia,&nbsp;Wei Huang* and Deyue Yan*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00960","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00960","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a significant factor contributing to chemotherapy failure in the clinical treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The combination of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors with chemotherapeutic agents can effectively overcome MDR by inhibiting drug efflux from NSCLC cells. However, achieving a satisfactory therapeutic effect through the codelivery of chemotherapeutic agents and P-gp inhibitors remains challenging due to their different pharmacokinetics and physicochemical properties. In this study, we constructed a redox-responsive drug-inhibitor conjugate (CTX-SS-Zos) using cabazitaxel (CTX, a cytotoxin) and zosuquidar (Zos, a third-generation P-gp inhibitor) through a linkage containing a disulfide bond. Subsequently, this conjugate can self-assemble into uniform and stable nanoparticles (CZNPs) in the presence of DSPE-PEG_2k with a molar percentage of 10%. Administered via tail vein injection, CZNPs can accumulate at tumor sites. Upon internalization by cancer cells, the high intracellular concentration of glutathione triggers the disassembly of CZNPs and the cleavage of the redox-sensitive CTX-SS-Zos conjugate. As a result, CTX and Zos are simultaneously released, thereby reversing tumor MDR and synergistically inhibiting the growth of drug-resistant NSCLC. The in vivo tumor inhibition rate of CZNPs reaches up to 86.91% in A549/PTX tumor-bearing mice without obvious toxic side effects. These smart CZNPs may offer a promising clinical treatment approach for drug-resistant NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"8 9","pages":"7942–7952"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable, High Barrier Smart Packaging Films for Shelf-Life Extension of Edible Oils","authors":"Dakuri Ramakanth,&nbsp;Konala Akhila,&nbsp;Shiva Singh,&nbsp;Radheesh Sharma Meda,&nbsp;Lingala Lakshman Rao,&nbsp;Kirtiraj K. Gaikwad* and Pradip K. Maji*,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01242","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c01242","url":null,"abstract":"<p >Smart packaging is revolutionizing the food industry by extending shelf life and enhancing quality, thus ensuring food safety and sustainability. This study presents innovative multilayer flexible packaging films to tackle the environmental challenges of single-use plastics and nonrecyclable metalized multilayer films. The fabricated films comprise three layers made up of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(vinyl alcohol)/natural rubber latex, and PLA/Sepiolite clay from inner to outer, respectively, where the active middle layer provides oxygen-scavenging activity. The findings indicate that developed films can effectively increase the shelf life of foods, such as Palm oil, showing no visible color change and significant improvement in peroxide value (PV) and p-anisidine values (p-AV) after 30 days of storage study. As per the Shaal oven test, it extends Palm oil’s shelf life to more than 3 years. Furthermore, the multilayer structure enhances mechanical and barrier properties and reduces oxygen transfer by 99% and water vapor permeability by over 50-fold compared to neat PLA while promoting degradability. With lower environmental impacts, these films can be composted or degraded naturally. This green and biodegradable packaging strategy offers a promising solution to reduce food waste, contributing to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and fostering a circular economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"8 9","pages":"8310–8324"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144935677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced In Vivo Osseointegration with Allicin-Loaded Hydroxyapatite Coatings for Orthopedic and Dental Applications","authors":"Susmita Bose*,&nbsp;Priya Kushram,&nbsp;Ujjayan Majumdar and Yongdeok Jo,&nbsp;","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00281","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00281","url":null,"abstract":"<p >This study investigates a strategy to improve the osteogenic capacity of Ti6Al4V implants by incorporating allicin onto hydroxyapatite-coated implant surfaces. Allicin, a bioactive compound derived from garlic, is recognized for its ability to modulate bone remodeling processes. Hydroxyapatite (HA) coatings were applied by using plasma spraying, and allicin was loaded and its release was characterized using UV–vis spectroscopy. <i>In vitro</i> studies were conducted on osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and coculture on HA-pressed disks, and their cytocompatibility, differentiation, and gene expression were evaluated through different assays. <i>In vivo</i> osseointegration was assessed using a rat distal femur model for 6 weeks. Allicin suppresses osteoclastic activity by 73% by day 21 while enhancing osteoblast proliferation and maturation. Coculture RT-qPCR reveals upregulation of osteogenic genes, osteocalcin (<i>BGLAP)</i>, runt-related transcription factor 2 <i>(RUNX2</i>), and alkaline phosphatase (<i>ALPL</i>─by 5.9-fold, 5.3-fold, and 4.7-fold, respectively, and downregulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand <i>(RANKL)</i> to 0.16-fold by day 21. <i>In vivo</i> results show a ∼1.3-fold increase in new bone formation in HA-coated implants with allicin compared to those without allicin. These findings suggest that allicin-loaded HA-coatings can enhance implant osseointegration for orthopedic and dental applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":"8 9","pages":"7640–7651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}