ACS Applied Bio Materials最新文献

{"title":"Cytocompatible 2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride-Modified Polybutylene Adipate Terephthalate/Polylactic Acid Hybrid Nanobiocomposites.","authors":"Utsab Ayan, Madara Mohoppu, John Adams Sebastian, Rasha Elkanayati, Veeresh B Toragall, Ahmed Wadi, Sasan Nouranian, Thomas Werfel, Byron S Villacorta","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c02009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c02009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Polymer nanobiocomposites (PNCs) prepared with graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets in polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)/polylactic acid (PLA) bioblends were processed using a three-step processing technique that involved: (1) a solution-based GCN exfoliation step; (2) a masterbatching step of GCN in PBAT by solution processing; and (3) a melt-compounding step where the masterbatch was mixed with pristine PLA to delaminate the 2D GCN layers by extrusion high-shear mixing and to deposit them onto the biphasic PLA/PBAT morphology. Due to the partial exfoliation of GCN, this process led to a concurrent presence of three distinct morphologies within the PNCs' microstructure: (1) Type 1, characterized by an unaltered interface and PLA matrix, with minimal GCN deposition within the PBAT phase; (2) Type 2, distinguished by a diffused and stiff interface with GCN distribution in both the dispersed (PBAT) and matrix (PLA) phases; and (3) Type 3, featuring unmodified interfaces and GCN localization across both PLA and PBAT phases with a stair-like morphological texture. Such a morphological combination generates distinct crack propagation micromechanics, thereby influencing the variability of the plastic deformational behavior of their PNCs. Particularly, the Type 1 morphology enables GCN to act as a secondary stress-dissipating agent, whereas the PBAT domains serve as the primary stress-absorbing sites, contributing to enhanced crack propagation energy requirements. Contrarily, Type 3 (slightly) and Type 2 (predominantly) morphologies invert GCN's role from stress dissipation to stress concentration due to its localization within the PLA matrix. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed a crystallinity increase in the PNCs until 0.1 wt % GCN, followed by a decline, likely due to agglomeration at higher contents. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that GCN addition improved the thermostability of the bioblends, attributed to the GCN's nanophysical and pyrolytic barrier effect. Moreover, using both direct and indirect methods, GCN did not impair the biocompatibility of the bioblends as confirmed via cytocompatibility assays.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143699119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifunctional Polymeric Bioactive Coatings on Ti Implants through the Drug Delivery Approach: <i>In Vitro</i> Corrosion Resistance, Biocompatibility, and Antibacterial Characteristics.","authors":"A Madhan Kumar, M A Hussein, Faisal Abdelrahim, Nare Ko, Suresh Ramakrishna, S Saravanan, Mohamed Javid, Seung Jun Oh","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the current study, we developed a controlled drug delivery system using a polymeric matrix composed of biopolymer poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and ciprofloxacin (CPF)-loaded titanium (Ti) nanotubes (TNTs) on Ti substrates for biomedical applications. The TNT arrays over the Ti surface were obtained through an anodization route. The PVDF coatings were dip-coated on TNT-Ti loaded with CPF. The chemical, microstructure, and surface properties of the TNTs and coated surfaces were characterized using FTIR, XRD, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM)/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and surface hydrophilicity analyses. The performance of the implant surfaces was evaluated through <i>in vitro</i> corrosion studies in simulated body fluid (SBF), biocompatibility with MG63 cells, and antibacterial properties. The results revealed that the PVDF/0.1CPF coatings exhibited sustained release of CPF from the polymer matrix at a linear rate and releasing profile for 168 h. PVDF/0.1CPF coating showed decreased corrosion current density (4.457 × 10^-9 A/cm²) by 2 orders of magnitude than that of the Ti substrate, indicating enhanced corrosion protection in the SBF. PVDF/0.1CPF coating showed an antibacterial efficacy of 84.44% against <i>Escherichia coli</i> and 88.33% against <i>Bacillus licheniformis</i> after 24 h. The biocompatibility result showed that after 5 days of culturing, the PVDF/0.1CPF was pointedly higher than that of the pure PVDF and uncoated specimens. Additionally, after 7 days of culture, the quantity of cells on the PVDF/0.1CPF coating continued to increase significantly, whereas the bare specimens and pristine PVDF showed a lower rate of proliferation. The proposed biocompatible polymeric coatings hold synergic antibacterial and corrosion-resistant potential for biomedical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emerging Role of Halloysite Clay Nanotube Formulations in Cosmetics and Topical Drug Delivery.","authors":"Martina Maria Calvino, Lorenzo Lisuzzo, Giuseppe Cavallaro, Giuseppe Lazzara, Roshan P Yadav, Konstantin Dolgan, Yuri M Lvov","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01938","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural halloysite clay nanotubes with a 50 nm diameter and a 15 nm inner lumen have recently been explored for numerous medical applications. Due to the tubular morphology and biocompatibility of halloysite, this material can serve as a suitable container for drugs and proteins, allowing their controlled and sustained release over a period ranging from days to weeks. The discovery that it is possible to load a halloysite clay nanotube's inner lumen cavity with a bioactive species has prompted its consideration for pharmaceutical and cosmetic utilization. Additionally, the different chemical compositions of the inner and outer tube surfaces (formed by Al₂O₃ and SiO₂ groups and of opposite electric charge) enable halloysite to be suitable for the selective (internal or external) adsorption of medical agents. First, we describe the fabrication of nanoclay skincare products and the detection of harmful compounds in creams. Next, the use of halloysite for reinforcing, protecting, and coloring human hair is considered. An in-depth review of the self-assembly of nanotubes for haircare related purposes is offered; we note how the nanotubes can be loaded with dyes, drugs, and keratin and create a 1-2 μm hair surface coating with coloring, UV protection capacity, or antiparasitic actions which can be preserved even after several shampoo washes. Halloysite Pickering emulsification can serve as an efficient tool for producing cosmetic creams with higher stability and reduced irritation effects, as compared with traditional surfactant-based emulsions; this is accomplished when the clay nanotubes form a stabilizing interlayer that encapsulates oil microbubbles in water. The emulsifying action of clay nanotubes makes the formulations suitable for use with cosmetic waxes and vegetable oils, which are capable of carrying water insoluble vitamins. It is expected that these uses of halloysite Pickering emulsions for cosmetic and topical drug delivery will increase with time, just as their uses in other fields have, including digestive diseases, blood coagulants, environmental remediation, and cultural heritage areas (such as the conservation of ancient bones and wood).</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy-Atom-Free Photosensitizer-Loaded Lipid Nanocapsules for Photodynamic Therapy.","authors":"Oksana Kharchenko, Julien Gouju, Isabelle Verdu, Guillaume Bastiat, Piétrick Hudhomme, Catherine Passirani, Patrick Saulnier, Oksana Krupka","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a clinically approved noninvasive treatment for cancer that employs a photosensitizer (PS) to generate cytotoxic reactive singlet oxygen (ROS) species that precisely destroy cancer cells at the targeted tumor sites. There is growing interest in the development of innovative photosensitizing agents and advanced delivery methods, offering superior phototherapeutic performance. The delivery of PS is a challenging task in PDT in regard to the high hydrophobicity of the PS molecule. To address this challenge, the incorporation of heavy-atom-free PS (HAF-PS) in effective drug delivery carriers is promising for PDT improvement. Herein, we propose a strategy to encapsulate the HAF-PS from the perylenediimide (PDI) family in the oily core of lipid nanocapsules (LNCs). The resulting HAF-PS-loaded LNCs formulations have the advantage to efficiently generate singlet oxygen (¹O₂) in a biorelevant environment. The LNCs formulations loaded with <b>O-PDI</b> (<b>O-PDI@LNC</b>) and <b>1S-PDI</b> (<b>1S-PDI@LNC</b>) were obtained by a solvent-free phase-inversion temperature (PIT) method. Our study demonstrates that optimized LNCs formulation loaded with <b>1S-PDI</b> acting as PS is a highly efficient approach to deliver phototherapeutic agents for PDT. Overall, it has been shown that illumination of <b>1S-PDI</b> leads to dramatic ¹O₂ production with an impressive quantum yield (<i>φSOQY</i> = 0.94) which was tested with 1,3-diphenylisobenzofuran (<b>DPBF</b>) as a specific trap. Moreover, the ¹O₂ generation was calculated in a phosphate buffer solution (<i>φSOQY</i> = 0.52) for loaded nanocarrier <b>1S-PDI@LNC</b>. <i>In vitro</i> cytotoxicity studies demonstrated a low dark toxicity of <b>1S-PDI@LNC</b> while illumination significantly enhanced its photocytotoxicity in cells. Furthermore, the cellular internalization of LNCs was demonstrated in U-87 MG cells using <b>O-PDI@LNC</b> as a model, exploiting the excellent fluorescence properties of <b>O-PDI</b>. This study has significant potential for advancing the development of HAF-PS-loaded LNCs for minimally invasive PDT.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving the Efficiency of Ultrasound and Microbubble Mediated Gene Delivery by Manipulation of Microbubble Lipid Composition.","authors":"Kushal Joshi, Amin Jafari Sojahrood, Rajiv Sanwal, Michael C Kolios, Scott S H Tsai, Warren L Lee","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c00033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ultrasound and microbubble-mediated gene delivery is emerging as a powerful nonviral gene delivery approach due to its ability to target various tissues. Since microbubble cavitation plays a crucial role in gene delivery, factors affecting cavitation, such as microbubble composition, size, ultrasound pressure, frequency, and pulse interval, can directly affect the efficiency of gene delivery. The effect of ultrasound parameters on gene delivery efficiency has been systematically investigated in numerous studies. However, relatively few studies have investigated the influence of different microbubble compositions on gene delivery. In this paper, we report that microbubbles made with the same lipids but different poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives lead to significantly different gene delivery efficiencies <i>in vitro</i>. Moreover, we show that the type of PEG derivative used in microbubble formulations greatly influences the acoustic response of microbubbles (i.e., resonance frequency and frequency-dependent attenuation coefficient), thus explaining the differences in gene delivery efficiencies. Our results highlight that changing a single component in the microbubble formulation, i.e., the type of PEG derivative, can improve gene delivery efficiency by 3-fold. This comparative study of microbubbles made with different PEG derivatives may help researchers in designing microbubble formulations for optimal gene delivery.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanochemistry-Induced Universal Hydrogel Surface Modification for Orientation and Enhanced Differentiation of Skeletal Muscle Myoblasts.","authors":"Yuheng Nie, Qifeng Mu, Yanpeng Sun, Zannatul Ferdous, Lei Wang, Cewen Chen, Tasuku Nakajima, Jian Ping Gong, Shinya Tanaka, Masumi Tsuda","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Micropatterned surface substrates containing topographic cues offer the possibility of programming tissue organization as a cell template by guiding cell alignment, adhesion, and function. In this study, we developed and used a force stamp method to grow aligned micropatterns with tunable chemical properties and elasticity on the surface of hydrogels based on a force-triggered polymerization mechanism of double-network hydrogels to elucidate the underlying mechanisms by which cells sense and respond to their mechanical and chemical microenvironments. In this work, we describe the impact of aligned micropatterns on the combined effects of microstructural chemistry and mechanics on the selective adhesion, directed migration, and differentiation of myoblasts. Our investigations revealed that topographically engineered substrates with hydrophobic and elevated surface roughness significantly enhanced myoblast adhesion kinetics. Concurrently, spatially ordered architectures facilitated cytoskeletal reorganization in myocytes, establishing biomechanically favorable niches for syncytial myotube development through extracellular matrix (ECM) physical guidance. Reverse transcription PCR analysis and immunofluorescence revealed that the expression of differentiation-specific genes, myosin heavy chain, and myogenic regulatory factors <i>Myf5</i> and <i>MyoD</i> was upregulated in muscle cells on the aligned patterned scaffolds. These results suggest that the aligned micropatterns can promote muscle cell differentiation, making them potential scaffolds for enhancing skeletal differentiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I₂-Catalyzed Cascade Annulation/Cross-Dehydrogenative Coupling: Excellent Platform to Access 3-Sulfenyl Pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines with Potent Antibacterial Activity against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>.","authors":"Suvam Paul, Samik Biswas, Tathagata Choudhuri, Shrabasti Bandyopadhyay, Supratim Mandal, Avik Kumar Bagdi","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.5c00059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.5c00059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics has become a serious threat to existing options for treating bacterial infections. We have developed a synthetic methodology for 3-sulfenyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines with potent antibacterial activity. This iodine-catalyzed strategy has been developed by employing amino pyrazoles, enaminones/chalcones, and thiophenols through intermolecular cyclization and subsequent cross-dehydrogenative sulfenylation. This highly regioselective and practicable protocol has been utilized to synthesize structurally diverse 3-sulfenyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines with wide functionalities. This strategy is also extendable toward the synthesis of bis(pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidin-3-yl)sulfanes from amino pyrazole, enaminones/chalcone, and KSCN and the synthesis of 3-sulfenyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine from direct acetophenone. Mechanistic investigation disclosed a radical pathway for C-H sulfenylation and the involvement of 3-iodo pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine as the active intermediate. The biological investigation disclosed the potent antibacterial activity of sulfenyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, whereas pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine and sulfinyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidine have no such antibacterial activity. Sulfenyl pyrazolo[1,5-<i>a</i>]pyrimidines mechanistically inhibited bacterial growth by the accumulation of ROS as well as induction in lipid peroxidation. Subsequently, such circumstances changed the membrane potential and facilitated the interaction with membrane-associated proteins, leading to a loss in membrane integrity and damage to bacterial cell membranes. Moreover, these derivatives potentiated the antibacterial efficacy of the commercial antibiotic ciprofloxacin against the selected bacterial strains and can be considered an alternative therapy against these bacterial infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proangiogenic Cyclic Peptide Nanotubes for Diabetic Wound Healing.","authors":"Vatan Chawla, Soumyajit Roy, John Raju, Pruthviraj Bundel, Durba Pal, Yashveer Singh","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01273","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An intricate biochemical system of coordinated cellular reactions is involved in restoring damaged tissue after wounds. In chronic wounds, such as diabetic foot ulcers, poor angiogenesis is a common stumbling block due to elevated glucose levels, increased proteolytic enzyme activity, and decreased production of growth factors. While various strategies, including modulation of inflammatory cells, administration of growth factors, and therapies involving stem cells or genes, have been explored to promote angiogenesis, they often suffer from limitations such as poor biodistribution, immunological rejection, administration/dosing, and proteolytic instability. Glycosaminoglycans, such as heparan sulfate, facilitate growth factor interactions with their receptors to induce angiogenic signaling, but their exogenous administration is hindered by poor stability, low serum half-life, and immunogenicity. Cyclic peptides, known for their structural stability and specificity, offer a promising alternative for inducing angiogenesis upon functional modifications. In this work, we developed heparan sulfate (HS)-mimetic cyclic peptide nanotubes (CPNTs) grafted with bioactive groups to enhance angiogenesis without using exogenous growth factors, drugs, or supplements. These CPNTs incorporate glutamic acid, serine, and sulfonated lysine to mimic the functional groups in heparin. The sulfonated cyclic hexapeptide nanotubes developed from ^DPro-^LTrp-^DLeu-^LSer-^DGlu-^LLys demonstrated significant proangiogenic activity in HUVECs under hyperglycemic conditions; enhanced endothelial cell motility, invasion, and tube formation; and upregulation of proangiogenic genes and proteins. These HS-mimicking nanotubes have shown a strong potential for promoting impaired angiogenesis, without incorporating exogenous growth factors, and show strong potential in treating diabetic wounds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the use of HS-mimetic proangiogenic cyclic peptide nanotubes for diabetic wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143661574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Siglec-14-Mediated Inflammatory Responses to Carbon Nanomaterials.","authors":"Shin-Ichiro Yamaguchi, Miki Takemura, Karen Miwa, Nobuyuki Morimoto, Masafumi Nakayama","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01736","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carbon nanomaterials (CNM), including carbon nanotubes (CNT) and graphene nanoplatelets (GNP), are expected to have diverse industrial applications due to their unique physical properties. However, concerns have been raised regarding their toxicity in humans. In this context, risk assessment must include an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying human recognition of CNM. We have recently identified human sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin (Siglec)-14 as a CNT-recognizing receptor. Since no rodent orthologs for Siglec-14 exist, previous rodent toxicological studies may underestimate CNM toxicity in humans. Therefore, in this study, we investigate Siglec-14 responses to various CNM. Siglec-14 recognizes various types of CNM via its extracellular aromatic cluster with a similar affinity, regardless of size and shape. Ultrathin single-walled CNT (SWCNT) and spherical carbon black nanoparticles (CBNP) activated macrophage Siglec-14 signaling, leading to IL-8 production. Notably, GNP as well as long needle-like MWCNT not only activate this inflammatory signal but also cause phagosomal damage, leading to the release of IL-1β, the most prominent pro-inflammatory cytokine. In mice transduced with Siglec-14, intratracheal injection of GNP or long needle-like MWCNT caused lung inflammation, whereas injection of SWCNT or CBNP did not. Taken together, these results suggest that CNM-induced inflammation requires two processes: macrophage receptor ligation and phagosomal damage. This indicates that CNM may be safe unless they cause damage to the macrophage phagosome.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biodegradable Poly(d,l-lactide-<i>co</i>-ε-caprolactone) Electrospun Scaffolds Outperform Antifibrotic-Loaded Meshes in an <i>in Vivo</i> Tissue Regeneration Model.","authors":"Laura Rubio-Emazabel, Yurena Polo, Ana Ayerdi-Izquierdo, Nerea Garcia-Urkia, Noelia Álvarez-Luque, Jose-Ramon Sarasua, Jorge Fernández, Antonio Muñoz","doi":"10.1021/acsabm.4c01715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsabm.4c01715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wound healing is a complex and dynamic process of replacing missing cellular structures and tissue layers. Clinical practice includes the application of a sterile bandage to promote healing and to restrain infection, like the commercial nonbiodegradable meshes. However, while inert, nontoxic, and nonimmunogenic, they can cause calcification, fibrosis, and inflammation, potentially hindering the healing process in the long term. To address this challenge and enhance wound healing, we developed a totally biodegradable electrospun poly(d,l-lactide-<i>co</i>-ε-caprolactone) (PDLLCL) drug delivery system that incorporates two already FDA-approved antifibrotics, pirfenidone (PIRF) and triamcinolone acetonide (TA). The PDLLCL meshes, fabricated via electrospinning, exhibited homogeneity and complete degradation after 120 days, consistent with the wound healing process. <i>In vitro</i>, functional analysis on RAW 264.7 macrophages revealed no cytotoxicity and an immunomodulatory effect of PIRF and TA compared with the positive control (lipopolysaccharides, LPS) and the PDLLCL meshes alone. Lastly, subcutaneous <i>in vivo</i> assessment on a rabbit model, following the ISO 10993-6 standard, showed that our tailored made PDLLCL meshes were able to lower both irritation and fibrosis indexes from 2 weeks to 4 weeks of implantation, highlighting the beneficial effect of biodegradable polymers. However, we saw no significant positive effect on the incorporation of antifibrotics <i>in vivo</i> for irritation and fibrosis indexes. This underscores the potential of PDLLCL meshes as a possible alternative for wound healing, reducing the use of intermittent antifibrotic agents during the healing process.</p>","PeriodicalId":2,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Bio Materials","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143655492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}