Transcription-Austin最新文献_第4页

Novel regulation of the transcription factor ZHX2 by N-terminal methylation. n端甲基化对转录因子ZHX2的新调控。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2022-02-01 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2079184

Meghan M Conner, Haley V Parker, Daniela R Falcone, Gehoon Chung, Christine E Schaner Tooley

{"title":"Novel regulation of the transcription factor ZHX2 by N-terminal methylation.","authors":"Meghan M Conner, Haley V Parker, Daniela R Falcone, Gehoon Chung, Christine E Schaner Tooley","doi":"10.1080/21541264.2022.2079184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541264.2022.2079184","url":null,"abstract":"N-terminal methylation (Nα-methylation) by the methyltransferase NRMT1 is an important post-translational modification that regulates protein-DNA interactions. Accordingly, its loss impairs functions that are reliant on such interactions, including DNA repair and transcriptional regulation. The global loss of Nα-methylation results in severe developmental and premature aging phenotypes, but given over 300 predicted substrates, it is hard to discern which physiological substrates contribute to each phenotype. One of the most striking phenotypes in NRMT1 knockout (Nrmt1-/-) mice is early liver degeneration. To identify the disrupted signaling pathways leading to this phenotype and the NRMT1 substrates involved, we performed RNA-sequencing analysis of control and Nrmt1-/- adult mouse livers. We found both a significant upregulation of transcripts in the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family and downregulation of transcripts in the major urinary protein (MUP) family. Interestingly, transcription of both families is inversely regulated by the transcription factor zinc fingers and homeoboxes 2 (ZHX2). ZHX2 contains a non-canonical NRMT1 consensus sequence, indicating that its function could be directly regulated by Nα-methylation. We confirmed misregulation of CYP and MUP mRNA and protein levels in Nrmt1-/- livers and verified NRMT1 can methylate ZHX2 in vitro. In addition, we used a mutant of ZHX2 that cannot be methylated to directly demonstrate Nα-methylation promotes ZHX2 transcription factor activity and target promoter occupancy. Finally, we show Nrmt1-/- mice also exhibit early postnatal de-repression of ZHX2 targets involved in fetal liver development. Taken together, these data implicate ZHX2 misregulation as a driving force behind the liver phenotype seen in Nrmt1-/- mice.","PeriodicalId":47009,"journal":{"name":"Transcription-Austin","volume":"13 1-3","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9467584/pdf/KTRN_13_2079184.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9518748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

BRD4: a general regulator of transcription elongation. BRD4:转录延伸的一般调节因子。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2022-09-01 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2108302

Elisabeth Altendorfer, Yelizaveta Mochalova, Andreas Mayer

{"title":"BRD4: a general regulator of transcription elongation.","authors":"Elisabeth Altendorfer, Yelizaveta Mochalova, Andreas Mayer","doi":"10.1080/21541264.2022.2108302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541264.2022.2108302","url":null,"abstract":"Transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) has emerged as a regulatory hub in gene expression. A key control point occurs during early transcription elongation when Pol II pauses in the promoter-proximal region at the majority of genes in mammalian cells and at a large set of genes in Drosophila. An increasing number of trans-acting factors have been linked to promoter-proximal pausing. Some factors help to establish the pause, whereas others are required for the release of Pol II into productive elongation. A dysfunction of this elongation control point leads to aberrant gene expression and can contribute to disease development. The BET bromodomain protein BRD4 has been implicated in elongation control. However, only recently direct BRD4-specific functions in Pol II transcription elongation have been uncovered. This mainly became possible with technological advances that allow selective and rapid ablation of BRD4 in cells along with the availability of approaches that capture the immediate consequences on nascent transcription. This review sheds light on the experimental breakthroughs that led to the emerging view of BRD4 as a general regulator of transcription elongation.","PeriodicalId":47009,"journal":{"name":"Transcription-Austin","volume":" ","pages":"70-81"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9467588/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40337396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The pleiotropic roles of SPT5 in transcription. SPT5在转录中的多效性作用。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2022-02-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2103366

Aixia Song, Fei Xavier Chen

引用次数: 12

Oxidative stress induces Ser 2 dephosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II CTD and premature transcription termination. 氧化应激诱导RNA聚合酶II CTD的丝氨酸2去磷酸化和转录过早终止。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-07 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.2009421

Takashi Yamazaki, Lizhi Liu, James L Manley

{"title":"Oxidative stress induces Ser 2 dephosphorylation of the RNA polymerase II CTD and premature transcription termination.","authors":"Takashi Yamazaki, Lizhi Liu, James L Manley","doi":"10.1080/21541264.2021.2009421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/21541264.2021.2009421","url":null,"abstract":"The C-terminal domain (CTD) of the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) consists of YSPTSPS heptapeptide repeats, and the phosphorylation status of the repeats controls multiple transcriptional steps and co-transcriptional events. However, how CTD phosphorylation status responds to distinct environmental stresses is not fully understood. In this study, we found that a drastic reduction in phosphorylation of a subset of Ser2 residues occurs rapidly but transiently following exposure to H2O2. ChIP analysis indicated that Ser2-P, and to a lesser extent Tyr1-P was reduced only at the gene 3' end. Significantly, the levels of polyadenylation factor CstF77, as well as Pol II, were also reduced. However, no increase in uncleaved or readthrough RNA products was observed, suggesting transcribing Pol II prematurely terminates at the gene end in response to H2O2. Further analysis found that the reduction of Ser2-P is, at least in part, regulated by CK2 but independent of FCP1 and other known Ser2 phosphatases. Finally, the H2O2 treatment also affected snRNA 3' processing although surprisingly the U2 processing was not impaired. Together, our data suggest that H2O2 exposure creates a unique CTD phosphorylation state that rapidly alters transcription to deal with acute oxidative stress, perhaps creating a novel \"emergency brake\" mechanism to transiently dampen gene expression.","PeriodicalId":47009,"journal":{"name":"Transcription-Austin","volume":" ","pages":"277-293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9208776/pdf/KTRN_12_2009421.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39952978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

m⁶A RNA modification in transcription regulation. 转录调控中的m6A RNA修饰。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2057177

Junaid Akhtar, Margot Lugoboni, Guillaume Junion

引用次数: 9

Emerging insights into the function and structure of the Integrator complex. 对整合者复合体功能和结构的新认识。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-10-01 Epub Date: 2022-03-20 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2022.2047583

Moritz M Pfleiderer, Wojciech P Galej

引用次数: 0

Macromolecular assemblies supporting transcription-translation coupling. 支持转录-翻译耦合的大分子组装。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.1981713

Michael W Webster, Albert Weixlbaumer

引用次数: 6

RNA polymerases from low G+C gram-positive bacteria. 低G+C革兰氏阳性细菌的RNA聚合酶。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-17 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.1964328

Michael Miller, Aaron J Oakley, Peter J Lewis

引用次数: 4

Single-molecule insights into torsion and roadblocks in bacterial transcript elongation. 单分子洞察扭转和障碍在细菌转录延伸。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-01 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.1997315

Jin Qian, Wenxuan Xu, David Dunlap, Laura Finzi

{"title":"Single-molecule insights into torsion and roadblocks in bacterial transcript elongation.","authors":"Jin Qian, Wenxuan Xu, David Dunlap, Laura Finzi","doi":"10.1080/21541264.2021.1997315","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21541264.2021.1997315","url":null,"abstract":"During transcription, RNA polymerase (RNAP) translocates along the helical template DNA while maintaining high transcriptional fidelity. However, all genomes are dynamically twisted, writhed, and decorated by bound proteins and motor enzymes. In prokaryotes, proteins bound to DNA, specifically or not, frequently compact DNA into conformations that may silence genes by obstructing RNAP. Collision of RNAPs with these architectural proteins, may result in RNAP stalling and/or displacement of the protein roadblock. It is important to understand how rapidly transcribing RNAPs operate under different levels of supercoiling or in the presence of roadblocks. Given the broad range of asynchronous dynamics exhibited by transcriptional complexes, single-molecule assays, such as atomic force microscopy, fluorescence detection, optical and magnetic tweezers, etc. are well suited for detecting and quantifying activity with adequate spatial and temporal resolution. Here, we summarize current understanding of the effects of torsion and roadblocks on prokaryotic transcription, with a focus on single-molecule assays that provide real-time detection and readout.","PeriodicalId":47009,"journal":{"name":"Transcription-Austin","volume":"12 4","pages":"219-231"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8632135/pdf/KTRN_12_1997315.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39830211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Nucleoid-associated proteins shape chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation across the bacterial kingdom. 核糖体相关蛋白塑造了整个细菌王国的染色质结构和转录调控。

IF 3.6

Transcription-Austin Pub Date : 2021-08-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.1080/21541264.2021.1973865

Haley M Amemiya, Jeremy Schroeder, Peter L Freddolino

{"title":"Nucleoid-associated proteins shape chromatin structure and transcriptional regulation across the bacterial kingdom.","authors":"Haley M Amemiya, Jeremy Schroeder, Peter L Freddolino","doi":"10.1080/21541264.2021.1973865","DOIUrl":"10.1080/21541264.2021.1973865","url":null,"abstract":"Genome architecture has proven to be critical in determining gene regulation across almost all domains of life. While many of the key components and mechanisms of eukaryotic genome organization have been described, the interplay between bacterial DNA organization and gene regulation is only now being fully appreciated. An increasing pool of evidence has demonstrated that the bacterial chromosome can reasonably be thought of as chromatin, and that bacterial chromosomes contain transcriptionally silent and transcriptionally active regions analogous to heterochromatin and euchromatin, respectively. The roles played by histones in eukaryotic systems appear to be shared across a range of nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) in bacteria, which function to compact, structure, and regulate large portions of bacterial chromosomes. The broad range of extant NAPs, and the extent to which they differ from species to species, has raised additional challenges in identifying and characterizing their roles in all but a handful of model bacteria. Here we review the regulatory roles played by NAPs in several well-studied bacteria and use the resulting state of knowledge to provide a working definition for NAPs, based on their function, binding pattern, and expression levels. We present a screening procedure which can be applied to any species for which transcriptomic data are available. Finally, we note that NAPs tend to play two major regulatory roles - xenogeneic silencers and developmental regulators - and that many unrecognized potential NAPs exist in each bacterial species examined.","PeriodicalId":47009,"journal":{"name":"Transcription-Austin","volume":"12 4","pages":"182-218"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8632127/pdf/KTRN_12_1973865.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39398135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0