IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01038-5

Chenfeng Cao, Filippo Maria Gambetta, Ashley Montanaro, Raul A. Santos

{"title":"Unveiling quantum phase transitions from traps in variational quantum algorithms","authors":"Chenfeng Cao, Filippo Maria Gambetta, Ashley Montanaro, Raul A. Santos","doi":"10.1038/s41534-025-01038-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41534-025-01038-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Understanding quantum phase transitions in physical systems is fundamental to characterize their behavior at low temperatures. Achieving this requires both accessing good approximations to the ground state and identifying order parameters to distinguish different phases. Addressing these challenges, our work introduces a hybrid algorithm that combines quantum optimization with classical machine learning. This approach leverages the capability of near-term quantum computers to prepare locally trapped states through finite optimization. Specifically, we apply LASSO for identifying conventional phase transitions and the Transformer model for topological transitions, utilizing these with a sliding window scan of Hamiltonian parameters to learn appropriate order parameters and locate critical points. We validated the method with numerical simulations and real-hardware experiments on Rigetti’s Ankaa 9Q-1 quantum computer. This protocol provides a framework for investigating quantum phase transitions with shallow circuits, offering enhanced efficiency and, in some settings, higher precision-thus contributing to the broader effort to integrate near-term quantum computing and machine learning.</p>","PeriodicalId":19212,"journal":{"name":"npj Quantum Information","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144218688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wavelet-harmonic integration methods 小波谐波积分方法

IF 5 2区物理与天体物理

Physical Review D Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.111.123006

Benjamin Lillard

{"title":"Wavelet-harmonic integration methods","authors":"Benjamin Lillard","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.123006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.123006","url":null,"abstract":"A new integration method drastically improves the efficiency of the dark matter direct detection calculation. In this work I introduce a complete, orthogonal basis of spherical wavelet-harmonic functions, designed for the new vector space integration method. This factorizes the numeric calculation into a “vector” that depends only on the astrophysical velocity distribution; a second vector, depending only on the detector form factor; and a scattering matrix defined on the basis functions, which depends on the details of the dark matter (DM) particle model (e.g. its mass). For common spin-independent DM–Standard Model interactions, this scattering matrix can be evaluated analytically in the wavelet-harmonic basis. This factorization is particularly helpful for the more complicated analyses that have become necessary in recent years, especially those involving anisotropic detector materials or more realistic models of the local DM velocity distribution. With the new method, analyses studying large numbers of detector orientations and DM particle models can be performed more than 10 million times faster. This paper derives several analytic results for the spherical wavelets, including an extrapolation in the space of wavelet coefficients, and a generalization of the vector space method to a much broader class of linear functional integrals. Both results are highly relevant outside the field of DM direct detection. Published by the American Physical Society 2025 ","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144219091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small surface potential fluctuation near the valence band edge at nitrided 4H-SiC(0001)/SiO2 interfaces 氮化4H-SiC(0001)/SiO2界面价带边缘附近有较小的表面电位波动

IF 4 2区物理与天体物理

Applied Physics Letters Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1063/5.0268937

Kyota Mikami, Mitsuaki Kaneko, Tsunenobu Kimoto

引用次数: 0

Study on the relationship between magnetic uniform field range and key mechanical size in electromagnetic separation 电磁分选过程中磁场均匀范围与关键机械尺寸关系的研究

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165761

Tian Yaqi, Ren Xiuyan, Wu Dan, Yuan Bo

{"title":"Study on the relationship between magnetic uniform field range and key mechanical size in electromagnetic separation","authors":"Tian Yaqi, Ren Xiuyan, Wu Dan, Yuan Bo","doi":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Currently, the production of stable isotopes in high abundance primarily relies on electromagnetic separation methods. This approach necessitates the design of a uniform magnetic field of high quality. The extent of this uniform field depends on the particle deflection radius and divergence angle. Although determining this area is straightforward, ensuring its uniformity during the design of electromagnetic separation equipment poses significant challenges. Designing the mechanical dimensions of the pole shoe often requires extensive software simulations, theoretical calculations, and even experimental validations. This process can be complex and demanding. Poor selection and assessment during the design phase may result in failure to meet performance metrics or cause substantial increases in construction costs. This paper discusses the use of extensive software simulation data to analyze and summarize the relationship between the uniform field extent in the analysis magnet and the critical mechanical dimensions of the pole shoe. Verification through two existing electromagnetic separation devices will support the credibility of the findings, thus establishing a foundation for future projects that focus on the mechanical size design of uniform magnetic fields and offering theoretical guidance. This approach significantly alleviates design difficulties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19380,"journal":{"name":"Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms","volume":"566 ","pages":"Article 165761"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Taming the Ultrafast Chaotic Wave-Packet in a TOD-Driven Laser tod驱动激光器中超快混沌波包的驯服

IF 11 1区物理与天体物理

Laser & Photonics Reviews Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1002/lpor.202402246

Min Luo, Nai-Miao Chen, Ze-Xian Zhang, Jia-Hao Liu, Dai-Xuan Wu, Meng Liu, Ai-Ping Luo, Wen-Cheng Xu, Zhi-Chao Luo

{"title":"Taming the Ultrafast Chaotic Wave-Packet in a TOD-Driven Laser","authors":"Min Luo, Nai-Miao Chen, Ze-Xian Zhang, Jia-Hao Liu, Dai-Xuan Wu, Meng Liu, Ai-Ping Luo, Wen-Cheng Xu, Zhi-Chao Luo","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202402246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202402246","url":null,"abstract":"Chaotic wave-packets resulting from the interaction of the waves with the propagating medium are widespread phenomena in nonlinear systems. Taming the ultrafast wave-packet from chaotic to stable holds great promise to explore nonlinear dynamic events, i.e., laminar-turbulent transition, and find practical applications such as secure communications and metrology. However, manipulating the chaotic dynamics of ultrafast wave-packet in a laser remains challenging, owing to the random gain sharing and competition among the pulses within the wave-packet. Here, a powerful strategy to manipulate the chaotic pulse interactions within the wave-packet by harnessing third-order dispersion (TOD) in a mode-locked laser is developed. The radiation of dispersive waves induced by TOD results in a collapse of low-intensity pulses and also enables an equilibrium force that stabilizes the remaining high-intensity pulses. This, in turn, leads to an effective control of ultrafast wave-packet from chaotic to sable regime that is dependent on the amount of TOD. The approach provides a general and robust scheme to tame the ultrafast chaotic wave-packets, and will bring new insights into the underlying nonlinear physics of chaotic lasers as well as a variety of applications.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144211355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Accuracy evaluation of calibration methods for large field of view stereo-DIC 大视场立体定标方法的精度评价

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113298

Kang Wei, Xinxing Shao, Xiaoyuan He

引用次数: 0

Dispersive Fourier synthesis: universal method and MATLAB tool for acousto-optic arbitrary femtosecond laser pulse shaping 色散傅立叶合成：声光任意飞秒激光脉冲整形的通用方法和MATLAB工具

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113263

Konstantin B. Yushkov , Alexander I. Chizhikov , Victoria S. Shcherbakova , Vladimir Ya. Molchanov , Vladislav N. Ginzburg , Sergey E. Stukachev , Andrey A. Shaykin , Ivan V. Yakovlev , Efim A. Khazanov

{"title":"Dispersive Fourier synthesis: universal method and MATLAB tool for acousto-optic arbitrary femtosecond laser pulse shaping","authors":"Konstantin B. Yushkov , Alexander I. Chizhikov , Victoria S. Shcherbakova , Vladimir Ya. Molchanov , Vladislav N. Ginzburg , Sergey E. Stukachev , Andrey A. Shaykin , Ivan V. Yakovlev , Efim A. Khazanov","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Femtosecond pulse shaping is a variety of experimental methods for manipulating temporal profile of ultrashort laser pulses. One of common tools for pulse shaping is acousto-optic programmable Bragg gratings. We describe the Dispersive Fourier Synthesis algorithm for generating arbitrary transmission functions of acousto-optic programmable dispersive filters and delay lines used therein. The algorithm performs computation of radio-frequency waveforms providing arbitrary complex-valued transmission functions for the said devices. An open-source MATLAB script was developed based on this algorithm taking into account the ease of use of a commercial radio-frequency driver. The experiments include full validation of the algorithm: calibration of frequency-to-wavelength mapping, determination of optimal driving power, and closed-loop femtosecond pulse compression in the front-end of the PEARL (PEtawatt pARametric Laser) facility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 113263"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A solid-state temporally multiplexed quantum memory array at the single-photon level 一种单光子水平的固态临时多路量子存储阵列

IF 7.6 1区物理与天体物理

npj Quantum Information Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1038/s41534-025-01042-9

Markus Teller, Susana Plascencia, Cristina Sastre Jachimska, Samuele Grandi, Hugues de Riedmatten

引用次数: 0

Effect of pulse frequency on the structure and properties of TC11 alloy prepared by laser additive manufacturing 脉冲频率对激光增材制造TC11合金组织和性能的影响

IF 4.6 2区物理与天体物理

Optics and Laser Technology Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113304

Chunlun Chen, Zhenlin Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jinghao Zhuang, Yongsheng Zhao, Yan Liu, Shuangquan Guo, Hui Chen

{"title":"Effect of pulse frequency on the structure and properties of TC11 alloy prepared by laser additive manufacturing","authors":"Chunlun Chen, Zhenlin Zhang, Xin Zhang, Jinghao Zhuang, Yongsheng Zhao, Yan Liu, Shuangquan Guo, Hui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compared with continuous wave laser, pulsed laser causes the melt pool temperature and melt motion to show periodic changes, which is conducive to obtaining finer microstructures. In this paper, TC11 titanium alloy was prepared by pulsed laser direct energy deposition (P-LDED) to improve its microstructure and tensile properties. The results show that the grain size of the pulsed laser deposited samples is significantly reduced from 3.46 μm in the samples deposited by continuous laser direct energy deposition (C-LDED) to 2.64 μm in the samples deposited by low-frequency P-LDED, and the coefficient of variation is reduced from 0.41 to 0.34. In addition, compared with the TC11 alloy deposited by C-LDED, the low-frequency pulsed laser significantly enhanced its tensile strength with an average tensile strength of 1229.2, which is a 10.1 % improvement, but the elongation decreased. Interestingly, compared to the low-frequency pulsed laser, the TC11 prepared by the high-frequency P-LDED showed a slight decrease in tensile strength but an increase in elongation of 28.3 %.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 113304"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural and mechanical properties of titanium nitride films modulated by assisting ions 辅助离子调制氮化钛薄膜的结构和力学性能

IF 1.4 3区物理与天体物理

Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research Section B-beam Interactions With Materials and Atoms Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.nimb.2025.165756

Lili Geng , Meichen Wu , Jiayi Guo , Junhao Wan , Fanya Jin , Zhaotan Jiang , Zhi Wang

引用次数: 0

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