物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"PDRs4All","authors":"Dries Van De Putte, Els Peeters, Karl D. Gordon, John-David T. Smith, Thomas S.-Y. Lai, Alexandros Maragkoudakis, Bethany Schefter, Ameek Sidhu, Dhruvil Doshi, Olivier Berné, Jan Cami, Christiaan Boersma, Emmanuel Dartois, Emilie Habart, Takashi Onaka, Alexander G. G. M. Tielens","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202554991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202554991","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Context<i/>. Photodissociation regions (PDRs) exhibit strong emission bands between 3–20 μm known as the aromatic infrared bands (AIBs), and they originate from small carbonaceous species such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) excited by UV radiation. The AIB spectra observed in Galactic PDRs are considered a local analog for those seen in extragalactic star-forming regions. Recently, the PDRs4All JWST program observed the Orion Bar PDR, revealing the subcomponents and profile variations of the AIBs in very high detail.<i>Aims<i/>. We present the Python version of PAHFIT, a spectral decomposition tool that separates the contributions by AIB subcomponents, thermal dust emission, gas lines, stellar light, and dust extinction. We aim to provide a configuration that enables highly detailed decompositions of JWST spectra of PDRs (3.1–26 μm) and to test if the same configuration is suitable to characterize AIB emission in extragalactic star forming regions.<i>Methods<i/>. We determined the central wavelength and FWHM of the AIB subcomponents by fitting selected segments of the Orion Bar spectra and compiled them into a “PDR pack” for PAHFIT. We tested the PDR pack by applying PAHFIT to the full 3.1–26 μm PDRs4All templates. We applied PAHFIT with this PDR pack and the default continuum model to seven spectra extracted from the central star forming ring of the galaxy NGC7469.<i>Results<i/>. We introduce an alternate dust continuum model to fit the Orion Bar spectra, as the default PAHFIT continuum model mismatches the intensity at 15–26 μm. Using the PDR pack and the alternate continuum model, PAHFIT reproduces the Orion Bar template spectra with residuals of a few percent. A similar performance is achieved when applying the PDR pack to the NGC7469 spectra. We provide PAHFIT-based diagnostics that trace the profile variations of the 3.3, 3.4, 5.7, 6.2, and 7.7 μm AIBs and thus the photochemical evolution of the AIB carriers. The 5.7 μm AIB emission originates from at least two subpopulations, one more prominent in highly irradiated environments and one preferring more shielded environments. Smaller PAHs as well as very small grains or PAH clusters both thrive in the more shielded environments of the molecular zone in the Orion Bar. Based on these new diagnostics, we show and quantify the strong similarity of the AIB profiles observed in NGC7469 to the Orion Bar template spectra.","PeriodicalId":8571,"journal":{"name":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise and fall of massive galaxies in the early Universe","authors":"Francesco D’Eugenio","doi":"10.1038/s41550-025-02658-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-025-02658-9","url":null,"abstract":"An analysis of two post-starburst galaxies at high redshift indicates the presence of ongoing feedback between the stellar material and the supermassive black hole.","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extreme AGN feedback in the fossil galaxy group SDSSTG 4436","authors":"D. Eckert, F. Gastaldello, L. Lovisari, S. McGee, T. Pasini, M. Brienza, K. Kolokythas, E. O’Sullivan, A. Simionescu, M. Sun, M. Ayromlou, M. A. Bourne, Y. Chen, W. Cui, S. Ettori, A. Finoguenov, G. Gozaliasl, R. Kale, F. Mernier, B. D. Oppenheimer, G. Schellenberger, R. Seppi, E. Tempel","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202555212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202555212","url":null,"abstract":"Supermassive black hole feedback is the currently favoured mechanism to regulate the star formation rate of galaxies and prevent the formation of ultra-massive galaxies (<i>M<i/><sub>⋆<sub/> > 10<sup>12<sup/> <i>M<i/><sub>⊙<sub/>). However, the mechanism through which the outflowing energy is transferred to the surrounding medium strongly varies from one galaxy evolution model to another, such that a unified model for active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback does not currently exist. The hot atmospheres of galaxy groups are highly sensitive laboratories of the feedback process, as the injected black hole energy is comparable to the binding energy of halo gas particles. Here we report multi-wavelength observations of the fossil galaxy group SDSSTG 4436. The hot atmosphere of this system exhibits a highly relaxed morphology centred on the giant elliptical galaxy NGC 3298. The X-ray emission from the system features a compact core (< 10 kpc) and a steep increase in the entropy and cooling time of the gas, with the cooling time reaching the age of the Universe ∼15 kpc from the centre of the galaxy. The observed entropy profile implies a total injected energy of ∼1.5 × 10<sup>61<sup/> ergs, which given the high level of relaxation could not have been injected by a recent merging event. Star formation in the central galaxy NGC 3298 is strongly quenched and its stellar population is very old (∼10.6 Gyr). The currently detected radio jets have low power and are confined within the central compact core. All the available evidence implies that this system was affected by giant AGN outbursts that raised the entropy of the neighbouring gas to the point that the gas no longer efficiently cools. Our findings imply that AGN outbursts can be energetic enough to unbind gas particles and lead to the disruption of cool cores.","PeriodicalId":8571,"journal":{"name":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of integral equations used to study ( {T}_{cc}^{+} ) for a stable D*","authors":"Sebastian M. Dawid,&nbsp;Fernando Romero-López,&nbsp;Stephen R. Sharpe","doi":"10.1007/JHEP09(2025)058","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP09(2025)058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We perform a detailed comparison between three formalisms used in recent studies of <i>DD</i>^* scattering at heavier-than-physical pion masses, which aim to understand the properties of the doubly-charmed tetraquark, <span>( {T}_{cc}^{+}(3875) )</span>. These methods are the three-particle relativistic field theory (RFT) formalism, the two-body Lippmann-Schwinger (LS) equation with chiral effective field theory potentials, and the two-particle relativistic framework proposed by Baião Raposo and Hansen (BRH approach). In a simplified single-channel setting, we derive the conditions under which the infinite-volume integral equations from the RFT and BRH approaches reduce to the LS form. We present numerical examples showing that differences between these methods can be largely removed by adjusting short-range couplings. We also address a number of technical issues in the RFT approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP09(2025)058.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the imprint of quintessence in cosmic magnification","authors":"Enas Mohamed, Didam G. A. Duniya, Hassan Abdalla, and Bishop Mongwane","doi":"10.1103/ffxl-n58x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/ffxl-n58x","url":null,"abstract":"We study cosmic magnification beyond lensing in a late-time universe dominated by quintessence and cold dark matter. The cosmic magnification angular power spectrum, especially going beyond the well-known lensing effect, provides an independent avenue for investigating the properties of quintessence, and hence, dark energy. By analyzing the magnification power spectrum at different redshifts, it is possible to extract new information about the large-scale imprint of dark energy, including whether we are able to disentangle different models from one another. Using three well-known quintessence models, we analyze the cosmic magnification angular power spectrum while taking relativistic corrections into account. We found that it will be difficult to distinguish between quintessence models, and quintessence from the cosmological constant, in lensing magnification angular power spectrum on large scales, at redshifts 𝑧≤1; whereas, when relativistic corrections are incorporated, the total magnification angular power spectrum holds the potential to distinguish between the models, at the given 𝑧. At 𝑧 ≥3, the lensing magnification angular power spectrum can be a reasonable approximation of the total magnification angular power spectrum. We also found that both the total relativistic and the Doppler magnification signals, respectively, surpass cosmic variance at ; hence, the effect may be detectable at the given . On the other hand, the ISW and the time-delay magnification signals, respectively, are surpassed by cosmic variance on all scales, at epochs up to , with the gravitational-potential magnification signal being zero.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"141 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use and interpretation of signal-model indistinguishability measures for gravitational-wave astronomy","authors":"Jonathan E. Thompson, Charlie Hoy, Edward Fauchon-Jones, and Mark Hannam","doi":"10.1103/ddz7-x9zz","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/ddz7-x9zz","url":null,"abstract":"The difference (“mismatch”) between two gravitational-wave signals is often used to estimate the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at which they will be distinguishable in a measurement or, alternatively, when the errors in a signal model will lead to biased measurements. It is well known that the standard approach to calculate this “indistinguishability SNR” is too conservative: a model may fail the criterion at a given SNR, but not necessarily incur a biased measurement of any individual parameters. This problem can be solved by taking into account errors orthogonal to the model space (which, therefore, do not induce a bias), and calculating indistinguishability SNRs for individual parameters, rather than the full 𝑁-dimensional parameter space. We illustrate this approach with the simple example of aligned-spin binary black hole signals, and calculate accurate estimates of the SNR at which each parameter measurement will be biased. In general, biases occur at much higher SNRs than predicted from the standard mismatch calculation. Which parameters are most easily biased depends sensitively on the details of a given waveform model, and the location in parameter space, and in some cases the bias SNR is as high as the conservative estimate. We also illustrate how the parameter bias SNR can be used to robustly specify waveform accuracy requirements for future detectors.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isostructural 𝛼−𝛾 phase transition in cerium from the perspective of metageneralized gradient approximations","authors":"Ashesh Giri, Chandra Shahi, and Adrienn Ruzsinszky","doi":"10.1103/8m26-28qf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/8m26-28qf","url":null,"abstract":"Metageneralized gradient approximations (meta-GGAs) on the third rung of the functional hierarchy are gaining increasing relevance for electronic structures. Meta-GGAs are constructed from numerous ingredients including the orbital kinetic energy density that make them more flexible than generalized gradient approximations (GGAs) including the heavily used Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof GGA (PBE-GGA). Still, most meta-GGAs cope with the expected limitations of a semilocal density functional when band gaps or localization of electrons are needed. On the other hand, meta-GGAs are explicit functionals of the orbitals. This feature resembles hybrid density functionals with exact exchange. Efforts in recent years demonstrate that some meta-GGAs can rise beyond the accuracy of semilocal approximations when band gaps are computed. Cerium is an ideal test bed to challenge some recent meta-GGAs. Cerium shows an isostructural 𝛼−𝛾 phase transition with delocalized and localized 𝑓 electrons in each phase, respectively. The correlation of 𝑓 electron systems is hardly captured by semilocal approximations, but the recent Lebeda-Aschebrock-Kümmel (LAK) meta-GGA with ultranonlocality steps out of the framework of conventional semilocal density functionals and delivers spectacular accuracy for the phase transition of cerium. LAK and further meta-GGAs inspired by the success of LAK can open a forefront of meta-GGAs for quantum materials with localized electrons.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fractional Chern insulators on hyperbolic lattices with singularity","authors":"Ai-Lei He, Xu-Hui Yan, Lu Qi, Ying Han, and Yongjun Liu","doi":"10.1103/gf6q-kxh3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/gf6q-kxh3","url":null,"abstract":"Fractional Chern insulators (FCIs), as a platform for the realization of fractionalization phenomena without external magnetic field, have attracted great interest. To realize FCIs, topological flat bands play a significant role. Most recently, FCIs have been extended into two-dimensional hyperbolic systems and the geometric degree of freedom of hyperbolic FCIs has been revealed. In this work, we construct hyperbolic lattices with a conical singularity and demonstrate the existence of topological flat bands. Subsequently, a bosonic 𝜈=1/2 FCI state is investigated on these hyperbolic topological flat band models with a singularity. The edge excitations for these singular hyperbolic FCIs are investigated. We also construct the optimal trial wave functions for the 𝜈=1/2 FCI state and roughly explore the interplay between the 𝜈=1/2 FCI state and geometric factors originated from the hyperbolic geometry and conical singularity.","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sea Ice Aging by Diffusion-Driven Desalination","authors":"Yihong Du, Feng Wang, Enrico Calzavarini, and Chao Sun","doi":"10.1103/mct1-6hbw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/mct1-6hbw","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145007301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards violations of Local Friendliness with quantum computers","authors":"William J. Zeng, Farrokh Labib, Vincent Russo","doi":"10.22331/q-2025-09-05-1851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-09-05-1851","url":null,"abstract":"Local Friendliness (LF) inequalities follow from seemingly reasonable assumptions about reality: (i) “absoluteness of observed events'' (e.g., every observed event happens for all observers) and (ii) “local agency'' (e.g., free choices can be made uncorrelated with other events outside their future light cone). Extended Wigner's Friend Scenario (EWFS) thought experiments show that textbook quantum mechanics violates these inequalities. Thus, experimental evidence of these violations would make these two assumptions incompatible. In [Nature Physics 16, 1199 (2020)], the authors experimentally implemented an EWFS, using a photonic qubit to play the role of each of the “friends'' and measured violations of LF. One may question whether a photonic qubit is a physical system that counts as an “observer'' and thereby question whether the experiment's outcome is significant. Intending to measure increasingly meaningful violations, we propose using a statistical measure called the “branch factor'' to quantify the “observerness'' of the system. We then encode the EWFS as a quantum circuit such that the components of the circuit that define the friend are quantum systems of increasing branch factor. We run this circuit on quantum simulators and hardware devices, observing LF violations as the system sizes scale. As errors in quantum computers reduce the significance of the violations, better quantum computers can produce better violations. Our results extend the state of the art in proof-of-concept experimental violations from branch factor 0.0 to branch factor 16.0. This is an initial result in an experimental program for measuring LF violations at increasingly meaningful branch factors using increasingly more powerful quantum processors and networks. We introduce this program as a fundamental science application for near-term and developing quantum technology.","PeriodicalId":20807,"journal":{"name":"Quantum","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144995526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}