物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"A Bond albedo map of Europa","authors":"C. Mergny, F. Schmidt, F. Andrieu, I. Belgacem","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202453058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202453058","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Context.<i/> Europa’s surface is globally highly reflective, but it shows significant spatial variations in albedo. Accurately estimating Europa’s energy balance would require mapping the surface’s bi-directional reflectance distribution function albedo. However, this quantity is challenging to observe and model across all viewing and illumination angles and all locations on the moon.<i>Aims.<i/> This study aims to generate a comprehensive Bond albedo map of Europa at the highest spatial resolution possible to support the detailed thermal and photometric analyses essential for interpreting surface conditions.<i>Methods.<i/> We present a new approach to creating an absolute Bond albedo map of Europa using photometric data and high-resolution imagery. The Bond albedo was determined for 20 regions of interest (ROIs) based on Voyager and New Horizons data using Hapke parameters. By correlating these values with the average pixel intensities for each ROI on the USGS map, we determined a linear relationship between the Bond albedo and pixel intensity.<i>Results.<i/> This linear correlation allowed us to extrapolate a Bond albedo map across Europa’s surface with spatial resolution matching the United States Geological Survey mosaic. The resulting map provides a valuable dataset for energy balance assessments and can be used in detailed thermal modeling of Europa’s surface for upcoming missions. This product may also be useful for optimizing captor exposure times.","PeriodicalId":8571,"journal":{"name":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Hα–X-ray surface-brightness correlation for filaments in cooling-flow clusters","authors":"Valeria Olivares, Adrien Picquenot, Yuanyuan Su, Massimo Gaspari, Marie-Lou Gendron-Marsolais, Fiorella L. Polles, Paul Nulsen","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02473-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02473-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Massive galaxies in cooling-flow clusters display clear evidence of feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Joint X-ray and radio observations have shown that AGN radio jets push aside the surrounding hot gas and form cavities in the hot intracluster medium (ICM). These systems host complex, kiloparsec-scale, multiphase filamentary structures, from warm and ionized (10,000 K) to cold and molecular (&lt;100 K). These striking clumpy filaments are believed to be a natural outcome of thermally unstable cooling from the hot ICM, probably triggered by feedback processes while contributing to feeding the AGN via chaotic cold accretion (CCA). However, the detailed constraints on the formation mechanism of the filaments are still uncertain, and the connection between the different gas phases has to be fully unveiled. By leveraging a sample of seven X-ray-bright cooling-flow clusters, we have discovered a tight positive correlation between the X-ray surface brightness and the Hα surface brightness of the filaments over two orders of magnitude, as also found in stripped tails. We further show the quantitative consistency of such a relation with CCA predictions by leveraging hydrodynamical simulations. This discovery provides evidence for a shared excitation mechanism between hot and warm filaments, where multiphase condensation, triggered by AGN feedback, drives their tight co-evolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial differentiation of Europa and implications for the origin of materials in the Jupiter system","authors":"Flavio Petricca, Julie C. Castillo-Rogez, Antonio Genova, Mohit Melwani Daswani, Marshall J. Styczinski, Corey J. Cochrane, Steven D. Vance","doi":"10.1038/s41550-024-02469-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-024-02469-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Galileo mission measured the gravity field around Europa. The results indicated that the moon’s interior is mostly made of rock (~90 wt%). However, the level of differentiation of the deep interior is still poorly understood. We constrain the interior of Europa using Galileo gravity data and a combination of geophysical and geochemical models that connects the origin of the materials accreted in the Jupiter system with the observed gravity field. The results indicate that Europa is partially differentiated and that it probably formed primarily from CV chondrite material. We investigate this finding by coupling thermal evolution models with a detailed treatment of Fe–FeS melting. The metal–silicate differentiation temperatures (&gt;1,600 K) are not attained if Europa formed about 4 Myr after the production of calcium aluminium inclusions. The leaching of potassium during thermal metamorphism further limits differentiation. Our results imply a cold evolution for Europa and suggest that part of water inventory of Europa was supplied by external sources, possibly by comets. These implications can be tested with the gravity data that will be acquired by Europa Clipper and JUICE.</p>","PeriodicalId":18778,"journal":{"name":"Nature Astronomy","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.1,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143044160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optical branched flow in nonlocal nonlinear medium","authors":"Tongxun Zhao, Yudian Wang, Ruihan Peng, Peng Wang, Fangwei Ye","doi":"10.1515/nanoph-2024-0564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/nanoph-2024-0564","url":null,"abstract":"When light propagates through a randomly correlated, slowly varying medium, it generates optical branched flow. Previous studies have demonstrated that the self-focusing effect in optical media can accelerate the appearance of the first branching points and sharpen the filaments of branched flow. In this study, we investigate the influence of the nonlocality of the nonlinear response on branched flow. We find that, due to its averaging effect, as the range of nonlocality increases, the first branching point shifts to a greater distance, and the flow structures broaden, thus nonlocality ultimately restores the branched flow to its linear condition. We have developed a semi-analytical formula and confirmed the screening of the self-focusing effect on branching flow by nonlocality.","PeriodicalId":19027,"journal":{"name":"Nanophotonics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum description of wave dark matter","authors":"Dhong Yeon Cheong, Nicholas L. Rodd, Lian-Tao Wang","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.015028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.015028","url":null,"abstract":"We outline a fundamentally quantum description of bosonic dark matter (DM) from which the conventional classical-wave picture emerges in the limit m</a:mi>≪</a:mo>10</a:mn></a:mtext></a:mtext>eV</a:mi></a:math>. As appropriate for a quantum system, we start from the density matrix, which encodes the full information regarding the possible measurements we could make of DM and their fluctuations. Following fundamental results in quantum optics, we argue that for DM it is most likely that the density matrix takes the explicitly mixed form of a Gaussian over the basis of coherent states. Deviations from this would generate non-Gaussian fluctuations in DM observables, allowing a direct probe of the quantum state of DM. Our quantum optics–inspired approach allows us to rigorously define and interpret various quantities that are often only described heuristically, such as the coherence time or length. The formalism further provides a continuous description of DM through the wave-particle transition, which we exploit to study how density fluctuations over various physical scales evolve between the two limits and to reveal the unique behavior of DM near the boundary of the wave and particle descriptions. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"401 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hadron-quark hybrid model, modular transformation, and Roberge-Weiss transition","authors":"Hiroaki Kouno, Riki Oshima, Motoi Tachibana, Kouji Kashiwa","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.014026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.014026","url":null,"abstract":"In the framework of modular transformations, we reformulate the recently proposed hadron-quark hybrid model when the imaginary baryonic chemical potential is introduced. In this case, the number density of the hybrid model is obtained by the modular transformation of the complex number densities of the baryons (antibaryons) and the quarks (antiquarks). We can regard these number densities as the basis in the complex plane. As a result, we can consider the torus, which is characterized by the basis. Since the complex structure of the torus is invariant under the modular transformation, we can extract the topological property of the hadron-quark system using the untransformed baryon (antibaryon) and the quark (antiquark) number densities. We apply this model to analyze the Roberge-Weiss transition. It is shown that the torus vanishes at the baryonic chemical potential where the Roberge-Weiss transition appears because the number density of baryons (antibaryons) is not linearly independent of the number density of quarks (antiquarks). When the temperature T</a:mi></a:math> is lower than the Roberge-Weiss transition temperature <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:msub><c:mi>T</c:mi><c:mrow><c:mi>RW</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub></c:math>, the torus shrinks smoothly to the one-dimensional object at the Roberge-Weiss transition point, but the discontinuity does not appear. On the other hand, the discontinuity of the geometrical object appears when <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mo>&gt;</e:mo><e:msub><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mrow><e:mi>RW</e:mi></e:mrow></e:msub></e:math>. We also calculate the modulus of the torus and transform it into the fundamental region. The transformed moduli are symmetric below <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:msub><g:mi>T</g:mi><g:mrow><g:mi>RW</g:mi></g:mrow></g:msub></g:math>, but the symmetry is broken above <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:msub><i:mi>T</i:mi><i:mrow><i:mi>RW</i:mi></i:mrow></i:msub></i:math>. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"String scattering and evolution of a Ryu-Takayanagi surface","authors":"Xin Jiang, Houwen Wu, Haitang Yang","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.026021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.026021","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, our aim is to illustrate that the process of open string scattering corresponds to the evolution of the entanglement wedge, where the scattering distance is identified as the entanglement wedge cross section. Moreover, open-closed string scattering, specifically the disk-disk interaction, works for the evolution of the reflected entanglement wedge, with the circumference of the waist cross section equating to the reflected entropy. It therefore provides evidence for the deep connections between the string world sheet and the Ryu-Takayanagi surface. This connection is not only a coincidence rooted in hyperbolic geometry; it also reflects an additional correspondence between two distinct theories: mutual information and the geometric Batalin-Vilkoviski master equation. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical structure of kt clustering to any order","authors":"K. Khelifa-Kerfa","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.014027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.014027","url":null,"abstract":"We present a general analytical expression for the fixed-order structure of the distribution of a generic nonglobal observable with the k</a:mi>t</a:mi></a:msub></a:math> jet algorithm at any perturbative order. This novel formulation is obtained within the framework of the eikonal approximation, assuming strong-energy ordering of emitted partons. The proposed formula is applicable to a wide range of processes at both lepton and hadron colliders. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143049858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum anomalous Hall effect for metrology","authors":"Nathaniel J. Huáng, Jessica L. Boland, Kajetan M. Fijalkowski, Charles Gould, Thorsten Hesjedal, Olga Kazakova, Susmit Kumar, Hansjörg Scherer","doi":"10.1063/5.0233689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0233689","url":null,"abstract":"The quantum anomalous Hall effect (QAHE) in magnetic topological insulators offers great potential to revolutionize quantum electrical metrology by establishing primary resistance standards operating at zero external magnetic field and realizing a universal “quantum electrical metrology toolbox” that can perform quantum resistance, voltage, and current metrology in a single instrument. To realize such promise, significant progress is still required to address materials and metrological challenges—among which, one main challenge is to make the bulk of the topological insulator sufficiently insulating to improve the robustness of resistance quantization. In this Perspective, we present an overview of the QAHE; discuss the aspects of topological material growth and characterization; and present a path toward a QAHE resistance standard realized in magnetically doped (Bi,Sb)2Te3 systems. We also present guidelines and methodologies for QAHE resistance metrology, its main limitations and challenges, as well as modern strategies to overcome them.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measurements of in-plane thermophysical properties on nanoscale-thick films by lock-in thermography","authors":"Abdulkareem Alasli, Ryo Iguchi, Ken-ichi Uchida, Hosei Nagano","doi":"10.1063/5.0245566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0245566","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a versatile technique for measuring the in-plane thermal conductivity, in-plane thermal diffusivity, and volumetric heat capacity of nanoscale-thick films by means of lock-in thermography. The technique relies on the thermal analyses of imaged lock-in temperature distribution over the surface of films generated by an on-chip line heater. This enables simultaneous estimation of the properties for a free-standing membrane or multilayered thin films deposited on the membrane. We validate the usability of this technique by determining the thermophysical properties of Ni films with different nanoscale thicknesses. This technique also enables measurements under an external magnetic field, facilitating investigation of magneto-thermal transport properties. Thus, the proposed approach will be useful for exploring nanoscale thermal transport properties in thin films and thermal management systems.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143050693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}