物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"Micrometer level distributed cancer biomarker biosensing based on optical frequency domain reflectometry","authors":"Haohan Guo ,&nbsp;Peidong Hua ,&nbsp;Kun Liu ,&nbsp;Ji Liu ,&nbsp;Jinqi Deng ,&nbsp;Huafang Wang ,&nbsp;Junfeng Jiang ,&nbsp;Tiegen Liu ,&nbsp;Zhenyang Ding","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a distributed cancer biomarker biosensing with a micrometer level spatial resolution by functionalized tapered fiber based on optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). A Graphene oxide (GO) film is fixed on the surface of the tapered fiber. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5 monoclonal antibody (CEACAM5 mAb) layer is coated on the entire GO fixed tapered region by polydopamine (PDA) assisted immobilization as the functionalized sensing element to achieve the sensing of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). To enhance the ability of localization for biochemical substances, we apply a differential relative phase method with a radius denoising method in OFDR to demodulate phase variations of Rayleigh backscattering caused by the biomolecular binding reaction. The measurable concentrations of CEA and phase variations have a good linearity in a range from 1 ng/ml to 8 ng/ml. The proposed distributed biosensor has a limit of detection (LOD) of is 1 ng/ml and a sensitivity of 0.0864 rad/(ng/mL). We also verify that the proposed distributed biosensor can locate the concentration changes of CEA with a sensing spatial resolution of 80 μm. The proposed distributed biosensor provides a potential tool to <em>in situ</em> detect and locate tumor cells at a spatial resolution of micrometer level.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113630"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144687299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over 450 V breakdown voltage in diamond vertical Schottky barrier diodes with anodic self-aligned mesa termination","authors":"Xixiang Zhao, Shumiao Zhang, Guoqing Shao, Qi Li, Genqiang Chen, Jiali Wang, Feng Wen, Yanfeng Wang, Hongxing Wang","doi":"10.1063/5.0274905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0274905","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, diamond vertical Schottky barrier diodes (SBDs) with anodic self-aligned mesa termination were proposed and investigated. This kind of termination structure can effectively alleviate the electric field crowding at the Schottky electrode edge to avoid premature breakdown of the SBD, thus achieving high reverse blocking voltage. The targeted device showed prominent diode properties with a specific on-resistance of 4.0 mΩ/cm−2 and an on/off ratio of 109. The maximum blocking voltage increased from 206 to 460 V after utilizing mesa termination. The reverse leakage current was maintained below 10−2 A/cm2 until breakdown occurs. The mesa termination structure was analyzed theoretically by Silvaco TCAD, whose profiles showed that electrical concentration appears at the diamond mesa sidewall, and the peak electric field strength becomes lower with increasing mesa depth. These results indicate a feasible way to modify the electric field distribution and enhance the breakdown voltage of the diamond SBD.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"125 19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-dependent characterization of piezoelectric, dielectric, and elastic properties in K0.61Na0.39NbO3 single crystals","authors":"Song Jin, Chengpeng Hu, Xiangda Meng, Xuejie Sun, Mingxuan Liu, Ming Qiu, Yining Dong, Peng Tan, Yu Wang, Jiazhi Wang, Hao Tian","doi":"10.1063/5.0275822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0275822","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate and self-consistent measurement of the dielectric, piezoelectric, and elastic parameters of potassium-sodium niobate (K1−xNaxNbO3, KNN) single crystals is essential for both theoretical studies and the development of KNN-based device applications. In this study, K0.61Na0.39NbO3 single crystals demonstrate a markedly higher shear-mode piezoelectric coefficient d15 (210.34 pC/N) compared to the longitudinal coefficient d33 (60.36pC/N) and thus classified as “rotator” ferroelectric crystals. The crystals exhibit exceptional thermal stability in the orthorhombic phase, with d33 increasing by only ∼1% over a wide temperature range from −100 to 150 °C. Additionally, calculations of piezoelectric coefficients along the [001] direction show that ferroelectric domain contributions account for over 40% of the total piezoelectric response at room temperature. At the same time, ferroelectric domains also exhibit significant temperature sensitivity. This dual behavior offers key insights for domain engineering of KNN-based materials aimed at enhancing electromechanical performance.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144693818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Circuit-level fault tolerance of cat codes","authors":"Long D. H. My, Shushen Qin, Hui Khoon Ng","doi":"10.22331/q-2025-07-23-1810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-07-23-1810","url":null,"abstract":"Bosonic codes encode quantum information into a single infinite-dimensional physical system endowed with error correction capabilities. This reduces the need for complex management of many physical constituents compared with standard approaches employing multiple physical qubits. Recent discussions of bosonic codes centre around correcting only boson-loss errors, with phase errors either actively suppressed or deferred to subsequent layers of encoding with standard qubit codes. Rotationally symmetric bosonic (RSB) codes, which include the well-known cat and binomial codes, are capable of simultaneous correction of loss and phase errors, offering an alternate route that deals with arbitrary errors already at the base layer. Here, we investigate the robustness of such codes, moving away from the more idealistic past studies towards a circuit-level noise analysis closer to the practical situation where every physical component in the device is potentially faulty. We extend the concept of fault tolerance to the case of RSB codes, and then examine the performance of two known error correction circuits under circuit-level noise. Our analysis reveals a significantly more stringent noise threshold for fault-tolerant operation than found in past works; nevertheless, we show how, through waiting-time optimization and the use of squeezing, we can restore the noise requirements to a regime achievable with near-term quantum hardware. While our focus here is on cat codes for concreteness, a similar analysis applies for general RSB codes.","PeriodicalId":20807,"journal":{"name":"Quantum","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144685145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging photon jets in the hadronic calorimeter: A novel signature of neutral long-lived particles at the LHC","authors":"Jinheung Kim ,&nbsp;Dongjoo Kim ,&nbsp;Soojin Lee ,&nbsp;Jeonghyeon Song","doi":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139759","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.physletb.2025.139759","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a novel collider signature for neutral long-lived particles (LLPs): the emerging photon jet in the hadronic calorimeter (HCAL). This signature arises when a neutral LLP decays into photons within the HCAL, producing an electromagnetic shower without associated charged tracks or energy deposits in the electromagnetic calorimeter (ECAL). To demonstrate the viability of this approach, we consider the fermiophobic Higgs boson <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> in the Type-I two-Higgs-doublet model as a representative scenario. In the ultralight regime (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>m</mi></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></mrow></msub><mo>&lt;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></span> GeV), <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> decays exclusively into a photon pair via loop-induced processes, resulting in a suppressed width and consequently a long lifetime. Focusing on the golden channel <span><math><mi>p</mi><mi>p</mi><mo>→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub><mo>→</mo><msup><mrow><mi>W</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>±</mo></mrow></msup><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>, we analyze the exotic final state in which one <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>h</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span> decays in the ECAL and appears as a highly collimated photon jet (reconstructed as a single photon), while the other decays within the HCAL, producing an emerging photon jet. Through a detailed signal-to-background analysis incorporating realistic detector effects via fast simulation, we demonstrate that this signature achieves discovery-level sensitivity at the HL-LHC across a broad region of parameter space consistent with theoretical and experimental constraints. While our study focuses on the fermiophobic Higgs, the emerging photon jet in the HCAL constitutes a broadly applicable and previously unexplored strategy for detecting neutral LLPs decaying into photons, opening a new avenue in LLP searches at colliders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20162,"journal":{"name":"Physics Letters B","volume":"868 ","pages":"Article 139759"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-parameter tactile sensing and recognition for robotic finger based on Bi-FBG","authors":"Dong Xiaotian,&nbsp;Yu Youlong,&nbsp;Yu Qianchun,&nbsp;Miao Kexin,&nbsp;Zhou Qinzhi","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to identify the temperature, surface roughness and two-dimensional (2D) shape simultaneously, a multi-parameter tactile sensing system based on birefringent fiber Bragg grating (Bi-FBG) is proposed. The system is embedded in a robotic finger and follows the motion of finger to enhance tactile sensing capabilities. In the sensing system, the dual-peak sensing characteristics of Bi-FBG are employed to effectively decouple temperature and strain information. The Bi-FBG sensor was calibrated with K_Tx = 0.0192 nm/°C, K_Ty = 0.0180 nm/°C, and K_εx = K_εy = 0.00121 nm/με. Meanwhile, wavelet transform and least rectangles method are used to analyze strain signals from multi-directional dynamic sliding. This enables reconstruction of the object boundaries and extraction of the surface roughness information. The experimental results show that the sensing system can distinguish roughness levels, reconstruct 2D shapes with a relative error of 0.02, and achieve high-precision temperature measurement. This study demonstrates the system’s capability for high-precision, multi-parameter tactile perception and broadens the application prospects of robotic sensing technology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113634"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144696827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring the cosmic dipole with golden dark sirens in the era of next-generation ground-based gravitational wave detectors","authors":"Anson Chen","doi":"10.1088/1475-7516/2025/07/076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2025/07/076","url":null,"abstract":"The tensions between cosmological parameter measurements from the early-universe and the late-universe datasets offer an exciting opportunity to explore new physics, if not accounted for unknown systematics. Apart from the well-known Hubble tension, a tension up to ∼4.9σ in the cosmic dipole has also been reported. While the cosmic dipole is mainly induced by the observer's kinetic motion, an intrinsic dipole arising from the anisotropy of the universe could also play an import role. Such an intrinsic anisotropy can be a dark energy mimicker that causes the observed accelerating expansion of the universe. As a new and powerful tool, gravitational waves can serve as an independent probe to the cosmic dipole. A useful type of events to achieve this is the “golden dark sirens”, which are near-by well-localized compact binary coalescences whose host galaxies can be identified directly due to precise localization. By forecasting golden dark sirens obtained from 10-year observations using different possible detector networks in the future, we find that the standard LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA detectors are not able to detect a meaningful amount of golden dark sirens, and hence next-generation ground-based detectors are essential to obtain a strong constraint on the cosmic dipole. In particular, we find that a three-detector network consisting of more than one next-generation detectors can yield a constraint on the cosmic dipole at an order of 10-3 when jointly measured with H0. Moreover, a constraint on the cosmic dipole at an order of 10-4 can be achieved when fixing H0.","PeriodicalId":15445,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural Projected Quantum Dynamics: a systematic study","authors":"Luca Gravina, Vincenzo Savona, Filippo Vicentini","doi":"10.22331/q-2025-07-22-1803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-07-22-1803","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the challenge of classical simulation of unitary quantum dynamics with variational Monte Carlo approaches, addressing the instabilities and high computational demands of existing methods. By systematically analyzing the convergence of stochastic infidelity optimizations, examining the variance properties of key stochastic estimators, and evaluating the error scaling of multiple dynamical discretization schemes, we provide a thorough formalization and significant improvements to the projected time-dependent Variational Monte Carlo (p-tVMC) method. We benchmark our approach on a two-dimensional Ising quench, achieving state-of-the-art performance. This work establishes p-tVMC as a powerful framework for simulating the dynamics of large-scale two-dimensional quantum systems, surpassing alternative VMC strategies on the investigated benchmark problems.","PeriodicalId":20807,"journal":{"name":"Quantum","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual‐channel and Dual‐mode Imaging System for High‐performance Cancer Surgery Using Fluorescence Quantum Yield Enhanced Aggregation‐induced Emission Luminogens","authors":"Chen Wang, Ziyang Ye, Pengfei Zhang, Hongen Liao, Yu Wang, Bobo Gu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202501232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202501232","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical resection of the primary tumor and sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy remain the standard clinical treatment strategies. In vivo fluorescence imaging in the near‐infrared‐II (NIR‐II) window can image at extended depth without tissue autofluorescence, making it a promising imaging strategy for intraoperative navigation. However, the efficacy of NIR‐II imaging‐assisted intraoperative navigation is limited by the fluorescence quantum yield (FQY) of imaging agent and imaging systems. Herein, this study proposes and demonstrates a dual‐channel of NIR‐II/visible (VIS) and dual‐mode of large‐field‐of‐view (FOV)/high‐resolution imaging system along with an efficient post‐regulation strategy to enhance the FQY of NIR‐II imaging agents. The FOV and resolution could reach 91.43 × 73.14 mm and 88.39 µm, respectively. By simply tuning the ratio of inert aggregation‐induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) within binary nanoparticles (BNPs), the FQY of functional NIR‐II AIEgens is enhanced by 2.13 times, which is not achievable by conventional strategies. The enhanced NIR‐II imaging performance enabled the resection of breast tumors and intraoperative identification and dissection of metastatic SLN. The significantly improved FOV and resolution of NIR‐II imaging system opens a new avenue to boost imaging‐guided surgery.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underwater image enhancement based on adaptive information transfer and weighted stationary wavelet perception fusion","authors":"Wei Liu ,&nbsp;Siying He ,&nbsp;Jingxuan Xu ,&nbsp;Yongzhen Chen ,&nbsp;Wanqing Li ,&nbsp;Hong Shu ,&nbsp;Puhong Duan ,&nbsp;Fang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.113625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Underwater images commonly suffer from issues like color distortion, low contrast, and blurred details. To tackle these degradation problems, we propose an underwater image enhancement (UIE) method named ATWF, which is based on adaptive information transfer and weighted stationary wavelet perception fusion. This method firstly introduces an adaptive information transfer strategy, grounded in histogram similarity cue, to effectively compensate for the attenuation channels. Subsequently, it integrates linear stretching to increase the dynamic range of color compensated image. Secondly, an adaptive gamma correction algorithm is used to enhance the overall contrast of the color-corrected image, and a multi-scale side window box filter (SWBF) technique is employed to improve its local details simultaneously. Finally, the stationary wavelet transform is used to decompose the enhanced images into low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components. Perception fusion rules tailored to the different characteristics of each component are devised to improve the visual quality of the resultant image. Experiments on multiple public datasets show that: (1) ATWF can effectively correct color distortion; (2) it significantly improves image contrast, suppresses noise, and highlights details; (3) in terms of qualitative and quantitative evaluation, corner detection, image matching, and image segmentation, it outperforms or is comparable to other mainstream UIE methods. Additionally, ATWF demonstrates strong generalization ability in various complex degradation scenarios.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 113625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144679572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}