物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"Toward an Ab Initio Theory of High-Temperature Superconductors: A Study of Multilayer Cuprates","authors":"Benjamin Bacq-Labreuil, Benjamin Lacasse, A.-M. S. Tremblay, David Sénéchal, Kristjan Haule","doi":"10.1103/physrevx.15.021071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.15.021071","url":null,"abstract":"Significant progress toward a theory of high-temperature superconductivity in cuprates has been achieved via the study of effective one- and three-band Hubbard models. Nevertheless, material-specific predictions, while essential for constructing a comprehensive theory, remain challenging due to the complex relationship between real materials and the parameters of the effective models. By combining cluster dynamical mean-field theory and density functional theory in a charge-self-consistent manner, here we show that the goal of material-specific predictions for high-temperature superconductors from first principles is within reach. To demonstrate the capabilities of our approach, we take on the challenge of explaining the remarkable physics of multilayer cuprates by focusing on the two representative Ca</a:mi></a:mrow>(</a:mo>1</a:mn>+</a:mo>n</a:mi>)</a:mo></a:mrow></a:msub>Cu</a:mi></a:mrow>n</a:mi></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow>O</a:mi></a:mrow>2</a:mn>n</a:mi></a:mrow></a:msub>Cl</a:mi></a:mrow>2</a:mn></a:mrow></a:msub></a:mrow></a:mrow></a:mrow></a:math> and <f:math xmlns:f=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><f:mrow><f:msub><f:mrow><f:mi>HgBa</f:mi></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:mn>2</f:mn></f:mrow></f:msub></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:msub><f:mrow><f:mi>Ca</f:mi></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</f:mo><f:mi>n</f:mi><f:mo>−</f:mo><f:mn>1</f:mn><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</f:mo></f:mrow></f:msub><f:mrow><f:msub><f:mrow><f:mi>Cu</f:mi></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:mi>n</f:mi></f:mrow></f:msub></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:msub><f:mrow><f:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">O</f:mi></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</f:mo><f:mn>2</f:mn><f:mi>n</f:mi><f:mo>+</f:mo><f:mn>2</f:mn><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</f:mo></f:mrow></f:msub></f:mrow></f:mrow></f:math> families. We shed light on the microscopic origin of many salient features of multilayer cuprates, in particular, the <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:mi>n</m:mi></m:math> dependence of their superconducting properties. The growth of <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:msub><o:mi>T</o:mi><o:mi>c</o:mi></o:msub></o:math> from the single-layer to the trilayer compounds is here explained by the reduction of the charge transfer gap and, consequently, the growth of superexchange <q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:mi>J</q:mi></q:math> as <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:mi>n</s:mi></s:math> increases. The origin of both is traced to the appearance of low-energy conduction bands reminiscent of standing wave modes confined within the stack of <u:math xmlns:u=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><u:mrow><u:msub><u:mrow><u:mi>CuO</u:mi></u:mrow><u:mrow><u:mn>2</u:mn></u:mrow></u:msub></u:mrow></u:math> planes. We interpret the ultimate drop of <w:math xmlns:w=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><w:msub><w:mi>T</w:mi><w:mi>c</w:mi></w:msub></w:m","PeriodicalId":20161,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review X","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stretching Response of a Polymer Chain with Deformable Bonds","authors":"Jie Zhu, Laurence Brassart","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.134.218101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.134.218101","url":null,"abstract":"The stretching response of polymer chains fundamentally determines the mechanical properties of polymer networks. In this Letter, we develop a statistical mechanics model that incorporates both bond stretching and bond angle deformation, enabling accurate predictions of chain behavior up to large forces. We further propose a semianalytical deformable freely rotating chain (dFRC) model, which represents the chain as a freely rotating chain with effective bond stretch and bond angle that depend on the chain stretch. Using physical parameters without fitting, both the statistical and dFRC models achieve excellent agreement with experimental data for carbon chains across all force regimes. Additionally, the dFRC model provides a direct estimate of the bond force, which is important to predict chain scission. By capturing key bond deformations while remaining computationally efficient, our work lays the foundation for future modeling of polymer network elasticity and failure. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20069,"journal":{"name":"Physical review letters","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear opto-magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticles: Opto-magnetic particle spectroscopy","authors":"Lijun Xu, Jiajun Cui, Shijie Sun, Jing Zhong","doi":"10.1063/5.0269001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0269001","url":null,"abstract":"Opto-magnetic response of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) has been investigated as a means for rapid and sensitive biomolecule detection. However, current studies primarily focus on the linear opto-magnetic response of MNPs. In this study, we explore the nonlinear opto-magnetic response of MNPs induced in a sufficiently strong alternating-current (AC) magnetic field (≥3 mT) and under laser light, referred to as opto-magnetic particle spectroscopy (optoMPS). The underlying mechanism of the optoMPS signal is attributed to physical rotation of MNPs in an AC magnetic field and under laser light. Fokker–Planck equation is numerically solved to calculate the optoMPS signal while an optoMPS system is built for measurements. Experimental results show that the harmonic vs excitation frequency curve shifts to lower frequencies as the harmonic index increases. In addition, the optoMPS signal of MNP samples with different iron concentrations is measured to investigate the signal-to-noise ratio in AC magnetic fields with amplitudes ranging from 3 to 9 mT. Notably, the 2nd and 4th harmonics in an AC magnetic field with 9 mT allow for a limit-of-detection of 25 ng in terms of iron, paving the way for highly sensitive detection of MNPs with the optoMPS signal.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144164920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Omnidirectional magneto-acoustic coupling in acoustically driven magnetoelectric antenna with focused interdigital transducers","authors":"Yifan Fu, Junru Li, Yinuo Song, Du Li, Xiangwei Zhu","doi":"10.1063/5.0271274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0271274","url":null,"abstract":"Acoustically driven magnetoelectric (ME) antennas present a promising approach for achieving orders-of-magnitude miniaturization. However, conventional resonator-based ME antennas suffer from substantial acoustic energy leakage, which limits the effective utilization of the magneto-acoustic coupling effect in the magnetostrictive (MS) film. In this work, we propose and experimentally demonstrate a surface acoustic wave ME antenna based on a piezoelectric-on-insulator substrate. By employing focused interdigital transducers, we spatially confine acoustic waves, significantly enhancing the acoustic energy density within the MS film and thereby improving the efficiency of magneto-acoustic coupling. Experimental results reveal that with MS film loading, the antenna's radiated power increases by a factor of 32.55 compared to an unloaded reference structure, achieving a gain of −26.78 dBi, an electromechanical coupling coefficient (k2) of 8.79%, a quality factor (Q) of 217, and a figure of merit (FoM, k2×Qmax) of 19.07. Furthermore, applying an external bias magnetic field of 300 Oe modulates the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, leading to a 1.84% enhancement in the antenna's resonance characteristics and a 7.15% improvement in radiation performance. By varying the magnetic field orientations, we further verify the proposed structure's omnidirectional magneto-acoustic coupling behavior. These findings provide insights into the design of next-generation miniaturized antennas with enhanced performance and tunability.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renormalisation of Quantum Cellular Automata","authors":"Lorenzo Siro Trezzini, Alessandro Bisio, Paolo Perinotti","doi":"10.22331/q-2025-05-28-1756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22331/q-2025-05-28-1756","url":null,"abstract":"We study a coarse-graining procedure for quantum cellular automata on hypercubic lattices that consists in grouping neighboring cells into tiles and selecting a subspace within each tile. This is done in such a way that multiple evolution steps applied to this subspace can be viewed as a single evolution step of a new quantum cellular automaton, whose cells are the subspaces themselves. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for renormalizability and use it to investigate the renormalization flow of cellular automata on a line, where the cells are qubits and the tiles are composed of two neighboring cells. The problem is exhaustively solved, and the fixed points of the renormalization flow are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":20807,"journal":{"name":"Quantum","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the 2024 major Vela glitch at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy","authors":"Ezequiel Zubieta, Ryan Missel, Susana B. Araujo Furlan, Carlos O. Lousto, Federico García, Santiago del Palacio, Guillermo Gancio, Jorge A. Combi, Linwei Wang","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202554098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202554098","url":null,"abstract":"<i>Context.<i/> We report here on new results of the systematic monitoring of southern glitching pulsars at the Argentine Institute of Radioastronomy. In particular, we study in this work the new major glitch in the Vela pulsar (PSR J0835−4510) that occurred on 2024 April 29.<i>Aims.<i/> We aim to thoroughly characterise the rotational behaviour of the Vela pulsar around its last major glitch and investigate the statistical properties of its individual pulses around the glitch.<i>Methods.<i/> We characterise the rotational behaviour of the pulsar around the glitch through the pulsar timing technique. We measured the glitch parameters by fitting timing residuals to the data collected during the days surrounding the event. In addition, we study Vela individual pulses during the days of observation just before and after the glitch. We selected nine days of observations around the major glitch on 2024 April 29 and studied their statistical properties with the Self-Organizing Maps (SOM) technique. We used Variational AutoEncoder (VAE) reconstruction of the individual pulses to separate them clearly from the noise.<i>Results.<i/> We obtain a precise timing solution for the glitch. We find two recovery terms of ∼3 days and ∼17 days. We find a correlation of high amplitude with narrower pulses while not finding notable qualitative systematic changes before and after the glitch.","PeriodicalId":8571,"journal":{"name":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable Terahertz Topological Photonic Chips Using Silicon/Graphene Heterostructures","authors":"Yiwen Sun, Qingxuan Xie, Jingwen Ma, Zhijie Mei, Shuting Fan, Wenjing Ma, Zhengfang Qian, Yu Chen, Junle Qu, Jianbin Xu, Xudong Liu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500159","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of photonic topological insulators (PTIs) in the terahertz band has ushered in a new era for on‐chip communication and sensing. To date, most reported terahertz PTIs are based on passive silicon photonic crystals. The development of active PTIs with versatile electrical tunability via novel heterogeneous structures is crucial for the development of multifunctional terahertz photonic chips. Here, electrically tunable terahertz topological photonic chips using a heterogeneous silicon/graphene configuration is demonstrated. Specifically, the graphene and silicon layers are separated by an insulating oxide layer, which functions as a field‐effect transistor. The band diagram of the PTIs can be actively tuned by altering the Fermi level of the graphene. It is experimentally demonstrated that both the amplitude and phase of terahertz light can be tuned by controlling its gate voltage. A Mach‐Zehnder interferometer device containing two branches of topologically protected waveguides is further developed, which exhibit 36 dB modulation at 277.06 GHz when the same size graphene is used to control one branch. This electrically tuned PTIs have the potential to form a high‐rate and large‐scale on‐chip modulator array. The controllable varied loss characteristics also provide insights into active non‐Hermitian topology research for the terahertz band.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ising model as a window on quantum gravity with matter","authors":"Romuald A. Janik","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.106016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.106016","url":null,"abstract":"We argue that the Ising model conformal field theory (CFT) can be used to obtain some clear insights into three-dimensional (3D) (quantum) gravity with matter. We review arguments for the existence of its holographic description, and concentrate on the time dependence of perturbations of the theory at high temperature, which would correspond to throwing matter into a black hole in the dual picture. Apart from an expected quasi-normal-mode-like exponential damping, we observe a plateau, a burst, and a subsequent reemergence of the whole signal, the latter being apparently at odds with a black hole interpretation. We provide an explanation of this phenomenon in terms of the properties of bulk matter fields interacting with the Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli black hole and the fact that the geometry/metric is not fundamental but a derived quantity in the Chern-Simons formulation of 3D gravity. This allows for evading the black hole information paradox in the present context. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of conflicting Seebeck coefficient and Hall coefficient in Sb-doped MnBi4Te7 crystals","authors":"Yinong Yin, Yan Zhang, Yutian Lang, Dan Liu, Jiazheng Hao, Lunhua He, Guoqiang Liu, Xiaojian Tan, Jun Jiang","doi":"10.1063/5.0252064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0252064","url":null,"abstract":"In the past decades, great efforts have been devoted to designing and developing high-efficiency thermoelectric (TE) materials due to the increasing demands in the fields of power generation, cooling, and sensing. Given that the developments of TE materials based on charge and phonon engineering are facing a plateau, the manipulation of spin degree of freedom has been considered as an innovative strategy to further improve the TE performance, which has drawn growing attention in recent years. In this work, we studied the thermoelectric transport properties of Sb-doped MnBi4Te7 crystals, which contain the Bi2Te3 layers for charge transport and MnTe layers for spins. We observed abnormally low thermopower in the crystals with Sb doping ratios of 0.25 and 0.35, and the sign of thermopower is contradictory to the Hall coefficient. Further experiments evidenced magnetic field-enhanced thermopower and electrical resistivity over a wide temperature range, which support a spin-driven thermoelectric mechanism. An explanation based on the interplay between the spin and heat in entropy transport via charged carriers is proposed.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144165498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ionic liquid gating-induced defect passivation and enhanced photocatalytic performance in graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) semiconductors.","authors":"Na Sa, Shanzhi Qu, Jinfeng Xu, Kaiqi Nie, Jia-Ou Wang, Junyong Kang, Jin-Cheng Zheng, Meng Wu, Shengli Huang, Hui-Qiong Wang","doi":"10.1088/1361-648X/add6fd","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1361-648X/add6fd","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ionic liquid gating (ILG) is an emergent technique for controlling multiple types of ionic doping and leads to numerous attractive physical properties in quantum materials. This study widens its intriguing applications in metal-free graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) semiconductor which is distinct by various extrinsic defects (vacancies, interlayer defects, etc) and intrinsic defects (irregular melon chains, dangling bonds, etc.). Here, the efficient passivation of defects is realized in g-C₃N₄through combined electrostatic and electrochemical mechanisms. By optimizing the ionic liquid concentration and applying a negative electric field, the gated g-C₃N₄exhibit a changed local bonding environment, an increased bandgap, as well as a suppression of photoluminescence (PL) intensity over 80%. Our results demonstrate that the charged ions from the mixed electrolyte passivate the charged defect centers, redistribute the charges within the g-C₃N₄framework, leading to the improved photogenerated carries separation, which is verified by the enhanced photocatalytic efficiency of treated g-C₃N₄. In particular, the changes of the density of states near the Fermi level reflect ionic interaction induced defect passivation in g-C₃N₄, which plays a key role in regulating its PL properties. These findings provide novel insights in ILG mechanisms in layered porous materials and shed light on its potential prospects in other semiconductors with controlled defect engineering.</p>","PeriodicalId":16776,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144005944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}