物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"An \"exceptional\" magnetic sensor.","authors":"Zhenhuan Yi, Girish S Agarwal, Marlan O Scully","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-02005-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-02005-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Building a sensitive magnetic field sensor is non-trivial; building a more sensitive one by adding extra loss to the sensor is counterintuitive, but with innovative ideas from non-Hermitian physics like an exceptional point, a new magnetic field sensor first of its kind paves the way for broader applications of similar techniques.</p>","PeriodicalId":18093,"journal":{"name":"Light, science & applications","volume":"14 1","pages":"363"},"PeriodicalIF":23.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145275160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bifurcation analysis, chaos, sensitivity, and diverse soliton solutions with propagation insights a nonlinear spatiotemporal fractional quantum mechanics system","authors":"Sonia Akram ,&nbsp;Mati ur Rahman ,&nbsp;Laila A. AL-Essa","doi":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.hedp.2025.101234","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, we amalgamate the solitary wave solutions for the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation by using the modified Sardar sub-equation method. The significance of data pertaining to the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation in nonrelativistic quantum mechanics stems from these equations’ capacity to depict intricate physical phenomena beyond the scope of traditional models. By leveraging the above-mentioned computational approach, we manifested the novel soliton solutions in the form of dark, bright-dark, dark-bright, periodic, singular, rational, and exponential forms, which are not reported in previously. Compared with other recent analytical approaches, the modified Sardar sub-equation scheme employed here is more versatile, yielding a richer spectrum of soliton structures with reduced computational complexity. This comparative advantage underscores the novelty of the present work and highlights its effectiveness for nonlinear fractional models. Subsequently, the dynamical characteristics of the model are analyzed from various perspectives, such as bifurcation analysis, chaos behavior, and sensitivity. Bifurcation occurs at critical points in the dynamical system when an external force is applied, revealing the onset of chaotic behavior. This chaotic behavior is illustrated through two-dimensional plots, time series, multistability analysis, and Lyapunov exponents. Additionally, the sensitive analysis of the model is examined using the Runge–Kutta method. We show that our proposed techniques are effective in evaluating the nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equation with analytical tools and numerical simulations, providing new insights into their behavior and solutions. With ramifications for numerous areas of physics and applied mathematics, our findings contribute to the development of mathematical tools for studying nonlinear partial differential equations and offer fresh perspectives on the dynamics of nonlinear fractional Schrödinger equations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49267,"journal":{"name":"High Energy Density Physics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Double-Sideband Electro-Optic Dual-Comb Spectroscopy Using One Modulator","authors":"Yushan Du, Zheng Zheng, Xin Zhao","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202500648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202500648","url":null,"abstract":"Electro-optic (EO) dual-comb spectroscopy offers an attractive and flexible alternative to the traditional mode-locked laser approach, and has the unique potential to be implemented on photonic integrated chips. However, despite recent efforts on simplifying EO dual-comb configurations, such as using fewer modulators, optical filters or acousto-optic modulators (AOMs) that are still difficult to realize on chips have been indispensable to resolving the image frequency issue in EO combs. Here, a simple EO dual-comb spectroscopy scheme is proposed, which uses only one off-the-shelf modulator and no optical filters or AOMs while the bandwidth of the generated combs is fully utilized. In the scheme, two broadband driving signals with different comb spacings are applied to the modulator's arms, and the phase between the dual combs is tuned via a varying bias. The amplitudes at the image frequencies are then distinguished using interferograms under different phase biases. Demonstration of EO dual-comb spectroscopy with over 200 resolved comb teeth is achieved, driven by low-cost and compact RF comb generators. The scheme simplifies the EO setup and boosts power efficiency by leveraging the double-sideband EO comb spectra. It can be an attractive enabling solution of chip-integrated and cost-effective dual-comb devices.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Applicability of Birkhoff’s Theorem in Jackiw-Teitelboim Gravity","authors":"Davood Momeni","doi":"10.1007/s10773-025-06164-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10773-025-06164-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a comprehensive and technically rigorous analysis of the status of Birkhoff’s theorem in Jackiw–Teitelboim (JT) gravity, a paradigmatic two-dimensional model for studying semiclassical gravitational dynamics. While Birkhoff’s theorem is well established in four-dimensional general relativity–asserting the uniqueness and staticity of vacuum solutions under reflection symmetry remains subtle due to the absence of propagating gravitational degrees of freedom. In this work, we systematically investigate the space of symmetry under radially symmetric configurations in JT gravity using both conformal and Schwarzschild-like gauges. Through analytical techniques and integral transformations, we explore the conditions under which vacuum solutions remain time-independent, identifying classes of metric-dilaton configurations that either uphold or violate Birkhoff-type behavior. Our findings reveal that the theorem holds only in restricted cases, depending critically on the separability of the conformal factor and the structure of the dilaton potential. These results clarify longstanding ambiguities surrounding symmetry and dynamics in two-dimensional gravity and establish JT gravity as a controlled setting for probing the breakdown of classical gravitational theorems in lower-dimensional and holographic contexts. This analysis contributes to a deeper understanding of the interplay between symmetry, integrability, and geometry in quantum gravity and strongly coupled systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":597,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","volume":"64 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking Phonon-Assisted Emission in the UV Using Visible-Excitable Phosphors for Security Applications","authors":"Bingbing Yang, Feng Liu, Jun Li, Zhenzhong Zhang, Yichun Liu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202501896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202501896","url":null,"abstract":"UV luminescence holds great promise for secure optical anti-counterfeiting but is often limited by the need for shorter-wavelength excitation sources. In this study, an intriguing phonon-assisted luminescence phenomenon is introduced, enabling anti-Stokes UV (AS-UV) emission through the use of visible light to excite various phosphors. By leveraging lattice vibrations (phonons) to bridge the energy gap, a 330-fold increase in UV emission intensity is achieved at 200 °C compared to room temperature in the model system LuBO₃:Ce³⁺ under 405 nm excitation. This thermally activated nature of this phenomenon is extended to additional phosphors, demonstrating its potential for UV imaging and anti-counterfeiting applications. Importantly, distinctive patterns emerge only under specific thermal conditions, adding an extra layer of security. These findings establish a class of UV phosphors excitable by visible light, providing insights into phonon-assisted luminescence and offering significant advancements for security features and optical imaging technologies.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145261553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primordial gravitational wave background as a probe of primordial black holes","authors":"Utkarsh Kumar","doi":"10.1103/ymhr-9711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/ymhr-9711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear Spin‐Orbit Coupling Mediated by Longitudinal Electric Fields in Tightly Focused Light","authors":"Luo Yang, Huifeng Chen, Mengming Zhang, Guanyu Liu, Wenguo Zhu","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202501606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202501606","url":null,"abstract":"Tightly focused light exhibits strong spin‐orbit coupling (SOC) effects, yet these effects are typically confined to the focal plane and cannot be directly observed in the far field. Here, it is demonstrated that by introducing a nonlinear thin film in the focal plane, second‐harmonic generation (SHG) can effectively convert these near‐field SOC features into far‐field detectable signals. Due to the crucial role of longitudinal electric fields in the SHG process, circularly polarized pump beams generate second‐harmonic vortices of topological charges <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = ±1 and <jats:italic>m</jats:italic> = ±3 in the two spin components, arising from cascaded SOC effects during the tight focusing of the fundamental beam and the collimation of the second‐harmonic field. In contrast, linearly polarized pumping induces spin‐dependent displacements in the second‐harmonic field, attributed to the coupling between transverse and longitudinal electric field components. Additionally, sum‐frequency generation signals are observed in Fourier space, further enriching the nonlinear optical response. These findings advance the understanding of SOC in nonlinear optical processes and provide insights for designing nonlinear spin‐photonic devices.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chip‐Based Amplified Spontaneous Emission Source on Er3+‐Doped Thin Film Lithium Niobate","authors":"Qinfen Huang, Huiting Song, Zhiwei Fang, Zhe Wang, Lvbin Song, Yunpeng Song, Jianping Yu, Min Wang, Ya Cheng","doi":"10.1002/lpor.202501968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.202501968","url":null,"abstract":"An on‐chip amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) source from an optical waveguide fabricated on Er<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>⁺‐doped thin‐film lithium niobate (Er: TFLN), is presented. The integrated device achieves a broadband output power of 9.16 mW spanning the C+L band, corresponding to a slope efficiency of 4.7% relative to the absorbed pump power. The device features low propagation loss, large mode field, and single‐mode propagation enabled by the photolithography assisted chemo‐mechanic etch technique.","PeriodicalId":204,"journal":{"name":"Laser & Photonics Reviews","volume":"340 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145254996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New probe of CP-violating neutral triple gauge boson couplings","authors":"Yugang Ma","doi":"10.1007/s11433-025-2812-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11433-025-2812-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":774,"journal":{"name":"Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy","volume":"68 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Homoenergetic Solutions for the Rayleigh-Boltzmann Equation: Existence of a Stationary non-equilibrium Solution","authors":"Nicola Miele,&nbsp;Alessia Nota,&nbsp;Juan J. L. Velázquez","doi":"10.1007/s10955-025-03519-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-025-03519-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"192 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-025-03519-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}