物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"Turbulent aspects of Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase membrane dynamics","authors":"Minos Axenides, Emmanuel Floratos, Georgios Linardopoulos","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.086004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.086004","url":null,"abstract":"We investigate the large-N</a:mi></a:mrow></a:math> limit of the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase (BMN) matrix model with classical bosonic membranes which have spherical topologies and spin inside the 11-dimensional maximally supersymmetric plane-wave background. First we classify all possible M2-brane configurations based on the distribution of their components inside the <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi>S</c:mi><c:mi>O</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mn>3</c:mn><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo><c:mo>×</c:mo><c:mi>S</c:mi><c:mi>O</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mn>6</c:mn><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:math> symmetric plane-wave spacetime. We then formulate a number of simple but very representative of dielectric tops that rotate in this space. We examine the leading-order radial and angular/multipole stability for a wide range of these configurations. By analyzing perturbations at the next-to-leading order, we find that they exhibit the phenomenon of turbulent cascading of instabilities. Thereby, long-wavelength perturbations generate higher-order multipole instabilities through their nonlinear couplings. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Spatial and Spectral Resolution Snapshot Spectral Imaging Based on Nearfield Coupled Metasurfaces","authors":"Yang Zhang, Lei Zhang, Yanlin Zhu, Yi Zhou, Gaofeng Liang, Zhongquan Wen, Jin Xiang, Jingdong Chen, Gang Chen","doi":"10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02504","url":null,"abstract":"Snapshot spectral imaging based on metasurfaces provides spatial and spectral information, making it highly promising for consumer applications including drones, smartphones, and Internet of Things devices (IoT). However, current metasurface-based spectral imaging techniques rely on nonlocal coupling, i.e., collective resonance, which requires significantly large periodic structures to achieve narrow line width response, resulting in a trade-off between spectral and spatial resolution. Herein, we theoretically propose and demonstrate a narrow line width spatial-spectral metasurface encoder based on localized coupling, achieving high spatial and spectral resolution simultaneously. By employing a global optimization algorithm to optimize the coupling strength between adjacent nanoblocks, the footprint of a spatial-spectral metasurface encoder can be reduced to as small as ∼5 μm, which is comparable to the pixel size of the CMOS imager. By combining deep learning reconstruction algorithms, we can achieve high-precision spectral recovery in the visible range across various spectral images. Our approach offers valuable insights for high-speed, high spatial, and spectral resolution spectral imaging.","PeriodicalId":23,"journal":{"name":"ACS Photonics","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sound insulation of a lightweight lattice sandwich panel","authors":"Min Qiu ,&nbsp;Tian Ran Lin ,&nbsp;Xinying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110697","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.110697","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, an analytical approach based on the Reissner sandwich panel theory is presented for the analysis of sound insulation properties of a lightweight sandwich panel with lattice cores. A comparison of the sound insulation of the sandwich panel predicted using the analytical solution and finite element analysis shows that by ignoring the shear stiffness of face plates of the sandwich panel can lead to a deviation in the predicted sound insulation result, exemplified by the frequency difference of the valleys in the STL of the panel. An equivalent shear energy principle is then adopted to render a revised equivalent shear stiffness of the sandwich panel by including the contribution of the face plate shear stiffness. It is shown that the analytical STL prediction of the panel using the equivalent shear stiffness matches quite well with that using finite element analysis under a normal incident sound wave excitation. There is a deviation in the results when the sandwich panel is under an oblique sound wave excitation due to the isotropic assumption in the evaluation of the equivalent shear stiffness of the lattice core in the analytical solution. A sound insulation experiment is also carried out in the study to verify the theoretical prediction result of the sandwich panel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 110697"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoimprint replication of laser-induced ripples for encoder applications","authors":"Gvidas Klyvis ,&nbsp;Viktoras Grigaliūnas ,&nbsp;Dalius Jucius ,&nbsp;Algirdas Lazauskas ,&nbsp;Asta Guobienė ,&nbsp;Tomas Tamulevičius ,&nbsp;Linas Puodžiukynas ,&nbsp;Albinas Kasparaitis","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) offer unique optical properties as dark marking which is applicable for optical encoders, but their direct laser fabrication is costly and slow. This study introduces a cost-effective and scalable alternative: thermal nanoimprint replication of LIPSS onto flexible, metallized polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film. LIPSS were initially fabricated on stainless steel using picosecond laser ablation and then replicated onto aluminum-coated PET film via thermal nanoimprinting at varying temperatures. Atomic force microscopy confirmed successful replication, with optimal fidelity achieved at 180 °C, preserving the <em>ca.</em> 450 nm periodicity of the LIPSS while transferring ripple heights from 114 nm in steel master to 80 nm in PET replica. Reflectance measurements using UV–Vis-NIR spectroscopy and focused laser beam reflection demonstrated significant contrast between rippled and not rippled areas on the PET film, comparable to the steel master and sufficient for optical encoder applications. Frequency domain analysis of focused laser reflectance scans confirmed consistent periodicity in both master and replica. These results demonstrate that thermal nanoimprint is a viable, scalable, and cost-effective technique for replicating LIPSS onto flexible substrates, enabling the production of high-contrast optical encoder scales for various sensing and positioning applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112912"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valence, charge transfer, and orbital-dependent correlation in bilayer nickelates Nd3Ni2O7","authors":"Daisuke Takegami, Takaki Okauchi, Edgar Abarca Morales, Koto Fujinuma, Mizuki Furo, Masato Yoshimura, Ku-Ding Tsuei, Grace A. Pan, Dan Ferenc Segedin, Qi Song, Hanjong Paik, Charles M. Brooks, Julia A. Mundy, Takashi Mizokawa, Liu Hao Tjeng, Berit H. Goodge, Atsushi Hariki","doi":"10.1103/physrevb.111.165101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.111.165101","url":null,"abstract":"We examine the bulk electronic structure of Nd</a:mi>3</a:mn></a:msub>Ni</a:mi>2</a:mn></a:msub>O</a:mi>7</a:mn></a:msub></a:mrow></a:math> using Ni <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><c:mrow><c:mn>2</c:mn><c:mi>p</c:mi></c:mrow></c:math> core-level hard x-ray photoemission spectroscopy combined with density functional theory <d:math xmlns:d=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><d:mo>+</d:mo></d:math> dynamical mean-field theory. Our results reveal a large deviation of the Ni <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><e:mrow><e:mn>3</e:mn><e:mi>d</e:mi></e:mrow></e:math> occupation from the formal <f:math xmlns:f=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><f:msup><f:mrow><f:mi>Ni</f:mi></f:mrow><f:mrow><f:mn>2.5</f:mn><f:mo>+</f:mo></f:mrow></f:msup></f:math> valency, highlighting the importance of the charge transfer from oxygen ligands. We find that the dominant <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><g:msup><g:mi>d</g:mi><g:mn>8</g:mn></g:msup></g:math> configuration is accompanied by nearly equal contributions from <h:math xmlns:h=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><h:msup><h:mi>d</h:mi><h:mn>7</h:mn></h:msup></h:math> and <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><i:msup><i:mi>d</i:mi><i:mn>9</i:mn></i:msup></i:math> states, exhibiting an unusual valence state among Ni-based oxides. Finally, we discuss the Ni <j:math xmlns:j=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><j:msub><j:mi>d</j:mi><j:mrow><j:msup><j:mi>x</j:mi><j:mn>2</j:mn></j:msup><j:mo>−</j:mo><j:msup><j:mi>y</j:mi><j:mn>2</j:mn></j:msup></j:mrow></j:msub></j:math> and <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"><k:msub><k:mi>d</k:mi><k:msup><k:mi>z</k:mi><k:mn>2</k:mn></k:msup></k:msub></k:math> orbital-dependent hybridization, correlation and local spin dynamics. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20082,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review B","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Holographic Hagedorn temperature: Strong coupling, flavor, and θ -angle effects","authors":"Francesco Bigazzi, Tommaso Canneti, Aldo L. Cotrone, José Manuel Penín","doi":"10.1103/physrevd.111.086001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.086001","url":null,"abstract":"We study the Hagedorn temperature T</a:mi>H</a:mi></a:msub></a:math> of strongly coupled quantum field theories admitting a holographic string or M-theory description in various regimes and scenarios. In the first part of the paper we propose a “thermal scalar” effective approach to the calculation of <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:msub><c:mi>T</c:mi><c:mi>H</c:mi></c:msub></c:math> in eleven-dimensional supergravity. The proposal allows us to extend the existing results for <e:math xmlns:e=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><e:msub><e:mi>T</e:mi><e:mi>H</e:mi></e:msub></e:math> to the strongly coupled string regime, i.e. to a previously unexplored regime of field theory parameters where the number of colors <g:math xmlns:g=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><g:mi>N</g:mi></g:math> is smaller than (some power of) the ’t Hooft coupling <i:math xmlns:i=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><i:mi>λ</i:mi></i:math>. We can thus extend the existing results for the <k:math xmlns:k=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><k:msup><k:mi>α</k:mi><k:mo>′</k:mo></k:msup></k:math> expansion of the Aharony-Bergman-Jafferis-Maldacena model, which have a spectacular agreement with predictions from integrability, in a different direction in parameter space. In particular, we explicate the first nonperturbative corrections. We also apply the formalism to the Witten-Yang-Mills model, finding that the result for the ratio of <m:math xmlns:m=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><m:msub><m:mi>T</m:mi><m:mi>H</m:mi></m:msub></m:math> with the deconfinement temperature is in the same ballpark of the lattice one for pure Yang-Mills. Within the same model, we study the dependence of the Hagedorn temperature on the <o:math xmlns:o=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><o:mi>θ</o:mi></o:math>-angle. In the second part of the paper we analyze the effect of dynamical flavors on <q:math xmlns:q=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><q:msub><q:mi>T</q:mi><q:mi>H</q:mi></q:msub></q:math> in confining theories. By studying the few available examples of regular backgrounds dual to confining theories with flavors, we find that generally the effects of flavors is to reduce the value of <s:math xmlns:s=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><s:msub><s:mi>T</s:mi><s:mi>H</s:mi></s:msub></s:math> in units of the square root of the confining string tension. The effect turns out to be milder than the analogous reduction of the critical temperature for deconfinement when the latter is known. <jats:supplementary-material> <jats:copyright-statement>Published by the American Physical Society</jats:copyright-statement> <jats:copyright-year>2025</jats:copyright-year> </jats:permissions> </jats:supplementary-material>","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Giant correlation, many body and exciton effects in Janus ferrovalley material H-FeClBr","authors":"Chaobo Luo, Zhihui Jiang, Wenchao Liu, Zongyu Huang, Wenjuan Liu, Xiang Qi, Jiayu Dai, Xiangyang Peng","doi":"10.1063/5.0251405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0251405","url":null,"abstract":"The family of transition metal dichlorides are recently found to be ferrovalley materials, exhibiting desirable spontaneous valley polarization that is a key to practical applications. In this work, Janus monolayer H-FeClBr is investigated as a case study by performing first-principles calculations. We focus on the giant correlation and many-body and exciton effects that will essentially modulate the electronic, valleytronic, and optical properties. The H-FeClBr presents strong ferromagnetism and spin–orbit coupling, giving rise to large spontaneous valley polarization. Due to the enormous electron correlation of the localized d electrons of the Fe atoms, the energy gap calculated using Hubbard U and hybrid functional HSE06 is extraordinarily widened by about seven times with respect to the Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE) counterpart. As a result, the orbitals in valley bands are exchanged, the sign of the valley Berry curvatures is switched, and the valley polarization is reversed. The GW calculations further enhance the gap significantly to about 4 eV, which is close to ten times that of the PBE gap and indicative of very strong many-body effects. The exciton spectrum obtained by solving the Bethe–Salpeter equations reveals colossal electron–hole interaction, giving rise to a giant exciton binding energies of ∼1.54 eV. Corresponding to the optical excitation in the two inequivalent valleys with unequal gaps, there are two split exciton peaks, as opposed to the A and B exciton peaks in MoS2 spectrum, which correspond to the optical transitions in the same valley.","PeriodicalId":8094,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generation of ultrafast magnetic steps for coherent control","authors":"G. De Vecchi, G. Jotzu, M. Buzzi, S. Fava, T. Gebert, M. Fechner, A. V. Kimel, A. Cavalleri","doi":"10.1038/s41566-025-01651-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-025-01651-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A long-standing challenge in ultrafast magnetism and functional materials research, in general, has been the generation of a universal, ultrafast stimulus able to switch between stable magnetic states. Solving this problem would open up many new opportunities for fundamental studies, potentially impacting future data storage technologies. Ideally, step-like magnetic field transients with infinitely fast rise time would serve this purpose. Here we develop a new approach to generate ultrafast magnetic field steps by quenching supercurrents in a superconductor. We achieve magnetic field steps with millitesla amplitude, picosecond rise times and slew rates approaching 1 GT s^–1. We test the potential of this technique by coherently rotating the magnetization in a ferrimagnet. Although in the current geometry, the magnetic field step is not sufficient to achieve complete switching, suitable improvements in the device geometry could make these magnetic steps both larger and faster. We foresee new applications ranging from quenches across phase transitions to complete switching of magnetic order parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":18926,"journal":{"name":"Nature Photonics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":35.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143758207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transverse Oscillations in Thin Magnetic Tubes with Elliptical Cross-Sections: The Effect of Field Aligned Flow","authors":"Igor Lopin","doi":"10.1007/s11207-025-02460-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11207-025-02460-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of longitudinal plasma flow on transverse oscillations in the thin magnetic tubes with elliptical cross-sections is examined. The backward propagating waves of the <span>(M)</span>-kink mode (polarized along the major axis) and <span>(m)</span>-kink mode (polarized along the minor axis) are found to reverse their propagation direction at certain flow thresholds. The critical flow for the <span>(M)</span>-kink mode is lower than in a circular tube and is close to the internal Alfvén speed. This result is of particular interest within the concept of existence of negative energy waves in solar waveguides. Both modes are subjected to the Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instability, and the <span>(M)</span>-mode is more stable than the <span>(m)</span>-mode. Magnetic tubes with significant ellipticity are more resistant to the KH instability than circular tubes. In the quasi-standing wave regime, the frequencies of both modes decrease and the frequency ratio <span>(omega _{m}/omega _{M})</span> increases with faster flows. The obtained results are used to interpret the observed transverse oscillations of the solar limb spicules and their helical motions in terms of the <span>(M)</span>- and <span>(m)</span>-kink modes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":777,"journal":{"name":"Solar Physics","volume":"300 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on oscillating laser welding of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy medium-thick plate: Energy distribution, joint forming, texture evolution, and mechanical properties","authors":"Jiasi Cai ,&nbsp;Zipeng Ouyang ,&nbsp;Hongxi Jin ,&nbsp;Yingjie Kong ,&nbsp;Yanhong Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.optlastec.2025.112910","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;This study systematically investigates the implementation of beam oscillation into conventional laser welding of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy, with the objective of optimizing weld seam appearance, mitigating defects, and enhancing the mechanical properties of welded joints. Computational analyses reveal that frequency (&lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;) and welding speed (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) exert a significant influence on the trajectory overlap rate (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;r&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), while amplitude (&lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;) exhibits negligible impact. The transient velocity (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;transient&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) of the laser beam fluctuates within a defined range, modulating the transient linear energy density (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;/&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;transient&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). The essential effect of beam oscillation lies in its capacity to redistribute laser energy deposition on the processing surface. To quantitatively characterize this phenomenon, an energy distribution model (EDM) was developed, incorporating laser energy attenuation and beam superposition effects. A comprehensive experimental investigation was conducted to evaluate the influence of &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; on weld formation characteristics, cross-sectional geometry, texture evolution, and mechanical properties. Optical microscopy (OM) and X-ray detection analyses demonstrate that beam oscillation effectively suppresses defect formation, including collapse, undercutting, spatter, and internal porosity. Increasing &lt;em&gt;f&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;, or &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;v&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;l&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; results in a reduction of fusion zone width and penetration depth due to decreased heat input, with penetration depth exhibiting greater sensitivity to these parameters compared to weld width. A distinctive “double molten pools” phenomenon is observed, arising from an energy distribution profile characterized by a “low center, high sides” configuration, where a significant energy difference between the center and sides facilitates this behavior. When &lt;em&gt;ΔE&lt;/em&gt; is below 4.25 × 10&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt; J/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, heat accumulation in the central region inhibits the formation of “double molten pools.” Conversely, &lt;em&gt;ΔE&lt;/em&gt; exceeding 4.51 × 10&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt; J/m&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; induces localized heat buildup on both sides, promoting the formation of the “double molten pools.” Microstructural characterization using OM and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) reveals that repeated thermal cycles induced by the oscillating beam promote grain coarsening in the heat-affected zone (HAZ). The multi-columnar dendritic structures on both sides of the weld exhibit varying lengths and primary dendrite arm spacing (PDAS) due to uneven heat input. The ","PeriodicalId":19511,"journal":{"name":"Optics and Laser Technology","volume":"188 ","pages":"Article 112910"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143747202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}