28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference最新文献

{"title":"Stability of the collision-proof and related braking laws","authors":"R. M. Storwick","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622561","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses three braking control laws: one is the collision-proof law put forth by Schubring, the other two are modifications of this law. The collision-proof law requires that the kinetic energy of a following vehicle never exceeds that of a leading vehicle by more than the amount which can be dissipated in the distance between them. The other two laws assume, in addition, that there is a finite system time delay, and that there is a time delay which is partially compensated for by projecting velocity measurements ahead in time. Stability of control laws is an important criterion for their evaluation. Local stability, the subject of this paper, is the stability of a given vehicle with respect to the position of the lead vehicle in the platoon. It is found that the collision-proof control law is locally stable with respect to small velocity perturbations. The following vehicle approaches its stable platoon position exponentially, the time constant being (µg/u)-1, where µ is the road surface-tire coefficient of friction, g is the acceleration of gravity (=9.807 m/s2), and u is the platoon velocity before disturbance. With the incorporation of a system time delay, Δ, the local stability is dependent upon the parameter C = µgΔ/u. If C<e-1, the platoon is locally stable, whereas if C>π/2 (=1.571) it is unstable. When e-1<C<π/2, the platoon oscillates, but the oscillations are damped.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121482121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of test data from an automatic vehicle monitoring (AVM) test","authors":"J. Ludwick","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622506","url":null,"abstract":"Data collected during a test of the location sub-system of four Automatic Vehicle Monitoring (AVM) systems in Philadelphia have been examined to determine characteristics useful in the employment of each technique in an operational system. A properly chosen algorithm can give accurate time point results of buses stopping at bus stops, but the addition of a door switch can provide greater reliability. Components of location error of each system can be fit graphically on normal probability paper, using linear segments with two different slopes. Some of the error components can be fit very well by a probability distribution composed of a sum of two normal distributions. The resultant distribution has more small errors and more large errors than would result from a single normal distribution. Although most systems exhibit a statistically significant bias, which could be removed during the location determination process, the amount is small compared to system requirements. Incorporation of signpost data improved LORAN-only accuracy approximately threefold.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129585097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SSB for the citizens band","authors":"A. K. Yesufu","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622556","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622556","url":null,"abstract":"Public interest in the Citizens Band (CB) has resulted in an upsurge in demand for channel allocation. A large number of the channels allocated to users will be required to be operated on single-side-band suppressed carrier (SSB), and a few will be reserved for double-sideband operation (AM), or compatible single-sideband (CSSB). This paper offers some novel thoughts on the transmission of the signal for a compatible system.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"131 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130730166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interference potential of personal radio services","authors":"M. Swartwout","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622551","url":null,"abstract":"One of the major complaints made against the CB Radio Service is the large amount of interference caused to other services or devices. The FCC's Personal Radio Planning Group made a detailed analysis of the interference potential of personal radio services. Interference to television, other broadcast services, home electronic devices, cable television and land mobile systems was studied. This paper provides an insight into the analysis and presents some of the results. The extent of interference caused by the CB Radio Service as well as the effects of the creation of new services are described.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133195573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An integrated approach to automatic vehicle monitoring and mobile digital communication","authors":"A. Borelli, S. Sklar","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622505","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes an integrated system for automatic vehicle location and status reporting (AVM), and two-way mobile digital communications (MDC) operating in the 900 MHz band. In the AVM system developed by Hazeltine Corporation, vehicle location is derived from multilateration measurements in fixed site receivers (FSR's) deployed throughout the coverage area. These measurements are made on pulse transmissions from simple equipments in the vehicle and are relayed from FSR's to a central computer, where vehicle location is computed and presented on a CRT display. The basic AVM system also includes a two-way digital communications capability wherein vehicle status is appended to the location signal and transmitted to the dispatcher without use of the voice radio. The basic AVM system can be modularly expanded, using its digital communication capability to provide two-way transmission of extended length text messages between the dispatcher and vehicle operator. This is accomplished by (1) installing a mobile data terminal (MDT) in the vehicle, which communicates through the AVM transponder, and (2) by augmenting the central data processing sub-system to perform communications functions. The already-deployed FSR network needs no modification or expansion and land mobile radio channels are not required. In addition to dispatcher/vehicle data communications, the vehicle operator can directly access remote computer data bases via the MDT. Besides describing the basic AVM system, this paper summarizes the results of AVM test programs in Dallas and Philadelphia, and describes the Mobile Data Communication (MDC) capability of the integrated AVM/MDC system.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129451001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical determination of the interference of commerical FM stations with airborne communication and navigation receivers and experimental verifications","authors":"J. Essman, T. Loos","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622582","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the work performed under contract FA77WA-3932 sponsored by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). The primary objective of the research sponsored here is the determination of an analytical model capable of predicting the effects of strong interfering FM broadcast stations on air-borne navigational (specifically the localizer receiver) and communication receivers. An analytical model of the RF-amplifier stage, using a third order nonlinearity, of airborne communication and navigation receivers capable of predicting the effects of multiple interfering FM stations is developed. The effects of receiver input filters and IF filtering are modeled. Measurement techniques useful in determining the various parameters of the model are described and evaluated. The effects of different signal powers, different signal frequencies, etc. on the parameters are investigated. Limits are postulated on the accuracy of the model and regions of validity defined. Brute-force interference due to strong interfering FM stations which saturates the front end and intermodulation distortion due to the interaction of two or more FM stations are considered. Various signal characteristics are considered for evaluating the degree of distortion introduced by interfering FM stations. The effects of filtering due to the receiver are considered and the resulting FM-to-AM conversion analytically described. Signal characteristics considered for evaluating distortion include spectral plots of the IF output, peak (cross-) modulation indices, RMS output of an envelope detector, etc. The effects of receiver desensitation due to saturation of the front end by the interfering signals are considered. Experimental results are given to verify theoretical results. A computer program was developed and is decribed here which theoretically predicts the effects of multiple interfering FM stations. Input data include FM station frequencies, powers, location, etc. and the output consist of interfering signal spectral plots at the IF output, peak cross-modulation indices, RMS output of AM detectors, etc. Tradeoff studies indicating the effects of the creation of additional FM stations and/or the results to be expected when one or more stations change their power levels, location, antenna patterns, etc. are illustrated by example. The number of FM stations that can be considered is limited only by the computing facilities available to the user. Consideration into decision criteria that can be reliably used in predicting potential interfering sources are considered. The results of the interference on the Course Deviation Meter (CDI) of a localizer receiver are investigated using single tone FM modulation of the carriers. The results are applied to specific airports where interference problems have occurred and the results obtained by the theoretical model are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133463895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regeneration in electric vehicles","authors":"R. H. Miller, J. J. Brockman, A. Kusko","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622525","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622525","url":null,"abstract":"Regeneration in electric vehicles has been promoted for energy recovery, reduced wear on mechanical brakes, reduced heating of on-board braking resistors, and increased range of energy-storage vehicles. This paper reviews the purposes, methods, and advantages of regeneration for such electric vehicles as locomotives, multiple-unit cars, subway cars, light rail vehicles, PRTs, and energy-storage vehicles.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114389208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The development of measures of service availability","authors":"R. Leis","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622537","url":null,"abstract":"Transit system failures impact system operations and economics in many ways: maintenance requirements, spare parts inventory requirements, reserve fleet requirements, maintenance fleet requirements, and service interruptions. The concept of service and ability treats this latter effect--the service interrupting effects of system failures, as viewed by the passengers. The transit industry seeks to control service interruptions to some level which is acceptable to the passengers. Hence, service availability measures are necessary to guide these control actions and gage their effectiveness. Service availabity has always been a concern in the design and operations of a transit system. However, the direct passenger service orientation was not explicitly utilized. Rather, the emphasis was on equipment performance--specifically equipment reliability and restorability measures. As new transit systems evolved, the experience of existing systems was utilized to establish desired reliability and restorability goals. Implicit in this approach was the assumption that improvements in these two parameters was tantamount to an improvement in service availability. Because of the similarity of applications and technology, this assumption was valid and the quantification of actual passenger-oriented service availablity was unnecessary. AGT systems, however, evolved to meet different service requirements: frequent service, short headways, high equipment utilization, and little tolerance to failure. Furthermore, both applications and competing technologies varied widely. Establishing performance requirements and measuring achieved performance levels requires the explicit treatment of passenger service levels--specifically expected delay patterns. Many models have been proposed to relate passenger delay potential and system failure characteristics. However, these are unsuitable for general use for different technologies and/or different transit system applications. An important conclusion is that no single measure or model will suffice in this role. Rather, each application and technology will require the derivation of specific control measures and values in response to specific passenger delay criteria.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116304747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Communications security devices (CSD) &#8212; Techniques, constraints, and selection","authors":"A. McCalmont","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622529","url":null,"abstract":"There are a variety of processing techniques employed in different CSD's. In general, any technique can be evaluated based on the degree to which the voice signal is fragmented into irregular time/frequency elements; the speed and irregularity at which rearrangement takes place; the ability to operate over a particular type of channel; and of great importance, the quality of the recovered (decoded) voice.","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128685869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"San Francisco bay area communications plan and implementation for coordination of UHF MED channels among nine counties","authors":"W. Beaman, H. K. Spence, G. E. Austin","doi":"10.1109/VTC.1978.1622571","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VTC.1978.1622571","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":264799,"journal":{"name":"28th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1978-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134414518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}