物理与天体物理最新文献

{"title":"Probing how bright the quark-gluon plasma glows in lattice QCD","authors":"Ardit Krasniqi, Marco Cè, Tim Harris, Renwick J. Hudspith, Harvey B. Meyer","doi":"10.1103/8dq9-q62p","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/8dq9-q62p","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the spectrum of photons emitted by the quark-gluon plasma nonperturbatively remains an open computational challenge. In this paper, we calculate two moments of that spectrum at a tem-perature T</a:mi>≈</a:mo>254</a:mn></a:mtext></a:mtext>MeV</a:mi></a:math>, employing lattice QCD with two flavors of <c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:mi mathvariant=\"script\">O</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">(</c:mo><c:mi>a</c:mi><c:mo stretchy=\"false\">)</c:mo></c:math>-improved Wilson fermions, without facing an inverse problem. Our central value for the difference of these two moments, which is sensitive to photon energies <h:math xmlns:h=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><h:mi>ω</h:mi><h:mo>≳</h:mo><h:mi>π</h:mi><h:mi>T</h:mi></h:math>, is lower than, but compatible with that obtained by integrating the leading-order weak-coupling photon spectrum. This study informs the “direct photon puzzle” in heavy-ion collision phenomenology, where it has proved difficult to simultaneously explain the yield and azimuthal anisotropy of photons not originating from final-state hadronic decays.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spin-dependent scattering of sub-GeV dark matter: Models and constraints","authors":"Stefania Gori, Simon Knapen, Tongyan Lin, Pankaj Munbodh, Bethany Suter","doi":"10.1103/1r9r-n4sv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/1r9r-n4sv","url":null,"abstract":"We calculate the scattering rate of sub-GeV dark matter in solid-state targets for spin-dependent dark matter–nucleon interactions. For dark matter particles with mass below 100 MeV, the scattering occurs predominantly through incoherent phonon production. For dark matter heavier than 100 MeV, we match onto the nuclear recoil calculation. To compare the sensitivity of future direct detection experiments with existing constraints, we consider three models with interactions that are mediated by spin-0 or spin-1 particles. This allows us to derive bounds on the cross section from searches for the mediating particle, including bounds from stellar cooling, beam dump experiments, meson factories, and dark matter self-interactions. The existing bounds are very stringent, though for m</a:mi>χ</a:mi></a:msub>≳</a:mo>100</a:mn></a:mtext></a:mtext>MeV</a:mi></a:math> there is parameter space, which may be accessible with direct detection, depending on the exposure and background rates.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"338 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Black hole transitions, AdS spacetime, and the distance conjecture","authors":"Alvaro Herráez, Dieter Lüst, Carmine Montella","doi":"10.1103/6c4j-dp9v","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/6c4j-dp9v","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, we investigate the connection between black hole instabilities and Swampland constraints, presenting new insights into the anti–de Sitter (AdS) distance conjecture. By examining the scale at which horizon instabilities of Schwarzschild-AdS</a:mi>d</a:mi></a:msub></a:math> black holes take place—<c:math xmlns:c=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><c:msub><c:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</c:mi><c:mrow><c:mi>BH</c:mi></c:mrow></c:msub></c:math>—we uncover a universal scaling relation, <f:math xmlns:f=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><f:msub><f:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</f:mi><f:mrow><f:mi>BH</f:mi></f:mrow></f:msub><f:mo>∼</f:mo><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">|</f:mo><f:msub><f:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</f:mi><f:mi>AdS</f:mi></f:msub><f:msup><f:mo stretchy=\"false\">|</f:mo><f:mi>α</f:mi></f:msup></f:math>, with <l:math xmlns:l=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><l:mfrac><l:mn>1</l:mn><l:mi>d</l:mi></l:mfrac><l:mo>≤</l:mo><l:mi>α</l:mi><l:mo>≤</l:mo><l:mfrac><l:mn>1</l:mn><l:mn>2</l:mn></l:mfrac></l:math>, linking the emergence of towers of states directly to instability scales as <n:math xmlns:n=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><n:msub><n:mi mathvariant=\"normal\">Λ</n:mi><n:mi>AdS</n:mi></n:msub><n:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</n:mo><n:mn>0</n:mn></n:math>. This approach circumvents the explicit dependence on field-space distances, offering a refined formulation of the AdS distance conjecture grounded in physical black hole scales. From a top-down perspective, we find that these instability scales correspond precisely to the Gregory-Laflamme and Horowitz-Polchinski transitions, as expected for the flat space limit, and consistently with our proposed bounds. Furthermore, revisiting explicit calculations in type IIB string theory on <r:math xmlns:r=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><r:mrow><r:msub><r:mrow><r:mi>AdS</r:mi></r:mrow><r:mrow><r:mn>5</r:mn></r:mrow></r:msub><r:mo>×</r:mo><r:msup><r:mi>S</r:mi><r:mn>5</r:mn></r:msup></r:mrow></r:math>, we illustrate how higher-derivative corrections may alter these bounds, potentially extending their applicability toward the interior of moduli space. Using also general results about gravitational collapse in AdS, our analysis points toward a possible breakdown of the conjecture in <t:math xmlns:t=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><t:mi>d</t:mi><t:mo>&gt;</t:mo><t:mn>10</t:mn></t:math>, suggesting an intriguing upper limit on the number of noncompact spacetime dimensions. Finally, we briefly discuss parallel considerations and implications for the dS case.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A computationally efficient reduced order dynamic model for NVH and psychoacoustic predictions in electric powertrains","authors":"Siyu Wang ,&nbsp;Marcos Ricardo Souza ,&nbsp;Mahdi Mohammadpour ,&nbsp;Guenter Offner ,&nbsp;Stephanos Theodossiades","doi":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.apacoust.2025.111097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electric vehicles are gaining popularity due to their cleaner transportation and lower emissions. However, the shift from internal combustion engines to electric (e-) powertrains presents new challenges in Noise, Vibration, and Harshness (NVH). E-powertrains produce distinctive tonal noises due to e-motor whistling and gear whining, making it essential to address these NVH concerns and associated psychoacoustics. The computational burden of three-dimensional, fully flexible dynamic powertrain model simulations leads to the proposal for a reduced order model (ROM). The latter is developed by integrating lumped parameter and finite-element (FE) modelling methods, considering electromagnetic effects, local nonlinearities, structural flexibility and housing mobility. The ROM provides a way to predict the radiated noise from the combined e-motor, drivetrain system and housing, offering a more economical way to predict the powertrain’s sound quality. The utilisation of the prominent ratio in psychoacoustic analysis for the radiated noise is completed by adopting established neural network techniques. Moreover, the ROM results are validated by multi-body dynamics simulations and experimental measurements. Thus, for the first time a computationally efficient ROM is presented for predicting results for psychoacoustic metrics and NVH performance in e-powertrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55506,"journal":{"name":"Applied Acoustics","volume":"242 ","pages":"Article 111097"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gating-and-inpainting perspective on GW150914 ringdown overtone: Understanding the data analysis systematics","authors":"Yi-Fan Wang, Collin D. Capano, Jahed Abedi, Shilpa Kastha, Badri Krishnan, Alex B. Nielsen, Alexander H. Nitz, Julian Westerweck","doi":"10.1103/3gqn-297f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/3gqn-297f","url":null,"abstract":"We revisit the recent debate on the evidence for an overtone in the black hole ringdown of GW150914 using an independent data-analysis pipeline. By gating and inpainting the data, we discard the contamination from earlier parts of the gravitational wave signal before ringdown. This enables parameter estimation to be conducted in the frequency domain, which is mathematically equivalent to the time domain method. We keep the settings as similar as possible to the previous studies by Cotesta [] and Isi [; ] which yielded conflicting results on the Bayes factor of the overtone. Our aim is to understand how different data analysis systematics, including sampling rates, erroneous timestamps, and the frequency resolution of the noise power spectrum, would influence the statistical significance of an overtone. Our main results indicate the following: (i) a low-resolution estimation of the noise power spectrum tends to diminish the significance of overtones, (ii) adjusting the start time to a later digitized point reduces the significance of overtones, and (iii) overtone evidence varies with different sampling rates if the start time is too early, indicating that the overtone is a poor model, hence we propose a convergence test to verify the validity of an overtone model. With these issues addressed, we find the Bayes factors for the overtone to range from 10 to 26 in a range of times centered at the best-fit merger time of GW150914, which supports the existence of an overtone in agreement with the conclusions of Isi in the above papers. These results are obtained by keeping the start time and sky location fixed, enabling a direct comparison with other work. Marginalizing over these parameters would lower the Bayes factor to 1 for the evidence of an overtone.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Singularity resolution and inflation from an infinite tower of regularized curvature corrections","authors":"Pedro G. S. Fernandes","doi":"10.1103/763p-htct","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/763p-htct","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is dark matter the origin of the B→Kνν¯ excess at Belle II?","authors":"Lorenzo Calibbi, Tong Li, Lopamudra Mukherjee, Michael A. Schmidt","doi":"10.1103/r2gw-rwzw","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1103/r2gw-rwzw","url":null,"abstract":"We present two models of dark matter (DM) that can provide a natural explanation of the excess of B</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>→</a:mo>K</a:mi>+</a:mo></a:msup>+</a:mo>invisible</a:mi></a:math> events with respect to the Standard Model (SM) prediction for <d:math xmlns:d=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\" display=\"inline\"><d:msup><d:mi>B</d:mi><d:mo>+</d:mo></d:msup><d:mo stretchy=\"false\">→</d:mo><d:msup><d:mi>K</d:mi><d:mo>+</d:mo></d:msup><d:mi>ν</d:mi><d:mover accent=\"true\"><d:mi>ν</d:mi><d:mo stretchy=\"false\">¯</d:mo></d:mover></d:math>, which has been reported by the Belle II Collaboration. Interactions between the dark and the visible sector are mediated by an axionlike particle in one case, by the kinetic mixing between a dark photon and the SM photon in the second case. Both models encompass a light fermion singlet as the DM candidate and can account for the observed DM relic abundance through, respectively, the freeze-in and the freeze-out production mechanism, while simultaneously explaining the Belle II excess.","PeriodicalId":20167,"journal":{"name":"Physical Review D","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test the weak cosmic censorship conjecture via black hole in dark matter halo","authors":"Meirong Tang,&nbsp;Lai Zhao,&nbsp;Chengzhen Li,&nbsp;Jianghong Jing,&nbsp;Zhaoyi Xu","doi":"10.1007/s10714-025-03477-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10714-025-03477-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The weak cosmic censorship conjecture states that the black hole singularity is hidden inside the event horizon of the black hole, making it impossible for an external observer to measure. In this study, we investigate the weak cosmic censorship conjecture test of dark matter halo-black hole systems in both the cold dark matter model and ultralight dark matter model scenarios, with the aim of gaining insights into the influence of dark matter particles on the weak cosmic censorship conjecture. By examining the particle incident on an extremely or nearly extremal dark matter-black hole, as well as the scattering of a scalar field by an extreme or near-extreme dark matter-black hole. Our model calculations (based on second-order iterative approximation) indicate that under extremal conditions, the weak cosmic censorship conjecture may be violated in test particle scenarios; however, under near-extremal conditions, the relevant effects are all second-order small quantities, making it uncertain whether the conjecture is violated. Due to the influence of second-order small effects, the current approximation treatment cannot provide definitive conclusions. To obtain definitive conclusions, future studies need to incorporate self-gravitational effects, backreaction effects, and other important factors into more comprehensive theoretical models and conduct in-depth analysis, which is beyond the scope of this work. For the scalar field case, our model also suggests the possibility of the conjecture being violated under extremal conditions. In contrast, under near-extremal conditions, within the framework of our current approximation, the results are consistent with the view that the weak cosmic censorship conjecture holds. However, it must be emphasized that our research is based on second-order iterative approximation analysis, and whether the weak cosmic censorship conjecture would be violated if back-reaction effects and higher-order iterative corrections are fully considered still requires further in-depth research. This study contributes to deepening our understanding of the complex interaction mechanisms between dark matter and black holes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":578,"journal":{"name":"General Relativity and Gravitation","volume":"57 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AdS solutions with spindle factors","authors":"Minwoo Suh","doi":"10.1007/JHEP10(2025)086","DOIUrl":"10.1007/JHEP10(2025)086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We provide the spindle interpretations of previously known solutions, <i>AdS</i>₃ × Σ × <i>S</i>¹ × <span>( K{E}_2^{+} )</span> × <i>T</i> ² of type IIB supergravity and <i>AdS</i>₂ × Σ × <i>S</i>¹ × <span>( K{E}_4^{+} )</span> × <i>T</i> ² of eleven-dimensional supergravity, where Σ is a spindle factor. For the <i>AdS</i>₃ solutions, the internal space of Σ × <i>S</i>¹ × <span>( K{E}_2^{+} )</span> was previously known as the <span>( {mathcal{Y}}^{p,q} )</span> manifold, which shares the identical topology of the <i>Y</i> ^{<i>p</i>,<i>q</i>} manifolds. Unlike the previously known spindle solutions, the gauged supergravity origin and the field theory dual of the solutions are not clear at the moment. We perform the flux quantizations and calculate the holographic central charge and the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy of the presumed black hole solutions, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":635,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Energy Physics","volume":"2025 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/JHEP10(2025)086.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Feasibility of Quantum Teleportation in the Presence of Quantum Oscillations Under Intrinsic Decoherence","authors":"Seyed Mohammad Hosseiny,&nbsp;Abolfazl Pourhashemi Khabisi,&nbsp;Jamileh Seyed-Yazdi,&nbsp;Milad Norouzi","doi":"10.1007/s10773-025-06145-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10773-025-06145-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantum teleportation, utilizing pre-shared entanglement, plays a vital role in the secure transmission of quantum information. In this study, we explore the feasibility of single-qubit quantum teleportation in the presence of intrinsic decoherence, utilizing two dissimilar coupled qubits that exhibit quantum oscillations. Additionally, we explore quantum remote sensing at the destination of a single-qubit quantum teleportation process, employing quantum remote estimation to assess the teleported state using Quantum Fisher Information (QFI). Furthermore, we analyze the system’s dynamics within the current model by investigating non-Markovianity witnessed through the QFI, a critical aspect in quantum communication. By appropriately adjusting system parameters such as the Josephson energies of the qubits and the energy of the mutual coupling between qubits, quantum teleportation, and quantum remote sensing can be enhanced under quantum oscillations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":597,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Theoretical Physics","volume":"64 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145256709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}