WIREs. Forensic science最新文献_第8页

The effectiveness of the current use of forensic DNA in criminal investigations in England and Wales 目前在英格兰和威尔士刑事调查中使用法医DNA的有效性

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1002/WFS2.1414

A. Amankwaa, C. McCartney

{"title":"The effectiveness of the current use of forensic\u0000 DNA\u0000 in criminal investigations in England and Wales","authors":"A. Amankwaa, C. McCartney","doi":"10.1002/WFS2.1414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/WFS2.1414","url":null,"abstract":"Edited by: Niamh Nic Daeid, Editor. Abstract In this article, we consider the effectiveness of DNA analysis in criminal investigations. Through this investigative tool, unknown victims, suspects, and serial offenders have been identified. At the same time, wrongly charged and convicted individuals have been eliminated from investigations or released from custody following DNA testing. We know forensic DNA analysis is powerful in individual cases/certain crime types, but its aggregate contribution to criminal detections is low and questioned. There is little evidence to demonstrate its actual contribution. We examined the possible reasons for the low impact of forensic DNA, with some recommendations that may further maximize its utility. Available evidence demonstrates that there remains a need to ensure value for money in continued investment in forensic DNA analysis. An evaluation of trends in criminal activities and detection opportunities utilizing DNA evidence may help in identifying specific areas where DNA is most useful, and resources can be focused. Additionally, the potential of integrated multi-biometric analysis/systems and other evidence types should be explored.","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86201251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Forensic age estimation in migrants: Where do we stand? 移民的法医年龄估计:我们站在哪里?

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-12-27 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1408

Maisy Lossois, E. Baccino

引用次数: 2

Wrongful convictions and forensic science 错误的定罪和法医学

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-12-22 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1406

Catherine L. Bonventre

引用次数: 1

Evaluating forensic DNA evidence: Connecting the dots 评估法医DNA证据:串连线索

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-12-14 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1404

Georgina E. Meakin, B. Kokshoorn, R. V. Oorschot, B. Szkuta

引用次数: 15

Manufacturing of firearms parts: Relevant sources of information and contribution in a forensic context 枪械零件的制造:有关资料的来源和在法医方面的贡献

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-10-25 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1401

Denis Werner, R. Berthod, Damien Rhumorbarbe, A. Gallusser

{"title":"Manufacturing of firearms parts: Relevant sources of information and contribution in a forensic context","authors":"Denis Werner, R. Berthod, Damien Rhumorbarbe, A. Gallusser","doi":"10.1002/wfs2.1401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wfs2.1401","url":null,"abstract":"In the context of forensic cases involving firearms, a major issue to address is the identification of the firearm used to discharge questioned elements of ammunition – bullets or cartridge cases – found during the scene investigation. When a questioned firearm is available, reference bullets and cartridge cases are produced through controlled test-fires. The marks left on both the questioned and reference elements of ammunition are analysed before being compared. The processes used to manufacture the firearms tend to influence the type and frequency of some of these marks. Knowing how the questioned firearm was produced is a key element to identify the relevant marks for comparison purposes. Finding this information can be challenging, as it is not necessarily publicly available. After presenting the manufacturing processes used to produce the main parts of firearms in contact with the elements of ammunition, this review includes an updated list of processes used by specific manufacturers, relying not only on the literature. The results highlight the necessity to consider a wide range of sources when gathering information about the manufacturing processes. Apart from general and specialized forensic literature, the online content made available by the manufacturers themselves is also a valuable complementary source of information. Contacting the manufacturers or visiting their premises is sometimes necessary to understand the full extent of the processes and how they can influence the marks of forensic interest.","PeriodicalId":75325,"journal":{"name":"WIREs. Forensic science","volume":"149 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79626266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Communication, forensic science, and the law 传播学，法医学和法律

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-09-12 DOI: 10.1002/WFS2.1396

Lucina Hackman

引用次数: 7

Wildlife forensic science in Hong Kong 香港野生动物法证科学

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-06-11 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1376

C. E. Hatten, A. Whitfort, D. Baker, C. Dingle

引用次数: 2

Pharmacogenetics and the postmortem molecular autopsy 药物遗传学和死后分子解剖

WIREs. Forensic science Pub Date : 2020-05-01 DOI: 10.1002/wfs2.1361

F. Wendt, B. Budowle