Computational urban science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of traffic signal coordination on the safety performance of urban arterials","authors":"Rui Yue, Guangchuan Yang, Yichen Zheng, Yuxin Tian, Z. Tian","doi":"10.1007/s43762-021-00029-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-021-00029-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41383231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart cities: the ethics of the hyper-connectivity, datafication, algorithmization, and platformization of urban society.","authors":"Simon Elias Bibri,&nbsp;Zaheer Allam","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00050-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00050-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent advances in computing and immersive technologies have provided Meta (formerly Facebook) with the opportunity to leapfrog or expedite its way of thinking and devising a global computing platform called the \"Metaverse\". This hypothetical 3D network of virtual spaces is increasingly shaping alternatives to the imaginaries of data-driven smart cities, as it represents ways of living in virtually inhabitable cities. At the heart of the Metaverse is a computational understanding of human users' cognition, emotion, motivation, and behavior that reduces the experience of everyday life to logic and calculative rules and procedures. This implies that human users become more knowable and manageable and their behavior more predictable and controllable, thereby serving as passive data points feeding the AI and analytics system that they have no interchange with or influence on. This paper examines the forms, practices, and ethics of the Metaverse as a virtual form of data-driven smart cities, paying particular attention to: privacy, surveillance capitalism, dataveillance, geosurveillance, human health and wellness, and collective and cognitive echo-chambers. Achieving this aim will provide the answer to the main research question driving this study: What ethical implications will the Metaverse have on the experience of everyday life in post-pandemic urban society? In terms of methodology, this paper deploys a thorough review of the current status of the Metaverse, urban informatics, urban science, and data-driven smart cities literature, as well as trends, research, and developments. We argue that the Metaverse will do more harm than good to human users due to the massive misuse of the hyper-connectivity, datafication, algorithmization, and platformization underlying the associated global architecture of computer mediation. It follows that the Metaverse needs to be re-cast in ways that re-orientate in how users are conceived; recognize their human characteristics; and take into account the moral values and principles designed to realize the benefits of socially disruptive technologies while mitigating their pernicious effects. This paper contributes to the academic debates in the emerging field of data-driven smart urbanism by highlighting the ethical implications posed by the Metaverse as speculative fiction that illustrates the concerns raised by the pervasive and massive use of advanced technologies in data-driven smart cities. In doing so, it seeks to aid policy-makers in better understanding the pitfalls of the Metaverse and their repercussions upon the wellbeing of human users and the core values of urban society. It also stimulates prospective research and further critical perspectives on this timely topic.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":"2 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9330959/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9328626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial social network research: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Ling Wu,&nbsp;Qiong Peng,&nbsp;Michael Lemke,&nbsp;Tao Hu,&nbsp;Xi Gong","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00045-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00045-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A restless and dynamic intellectual landscape has taken hold in the field of spatial social network studies, given the increasingly attention towards fine-scale human dynamics in this urbanizing and mobile world. The measuring parameters of such dramatic growth of the literature include scientific outputs, domain categories, major journals, countries, institutions, and frequently used keywords. The research in the field has been characterized by fast development of relevant scholarly articles and growing collaboration among and across institutions. The <i>Journal of Economic Geography</i>, <i>Annals of the Association of American Geographers</i>, and <i>Urban Studies</i> ranked first, second, and third, respectively, according to average citations. The United States, United Kingdom, and China were the countries that yielded the most published studies in the field. The number of international collaborative studies published in non-native English-speaking countries (such as France, Italy, and the Netherlands) were higher than native English-speaking countries. Wuhan University, the University of Oxford, and Harvard University were the universities that published the most in the field. \"Twitter\", \"big data\", \"networks\", \"spatial analysis\", and \"social capital\" have been the major keywords over the past 20 years. At the same time, the keywords such as \"social media\", \"Twitter\", \"big data\", \"geography\", \"China\", \"human mobility\", \"machine learning\", \"GIS\", \"location-based social networks\", \"clustering\", \"data mining\", and \"location-based services\" have attracted increasing attention in that same time frame, indicating the future research trends.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":"2 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10115482/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9395765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring spatiotemporal changes in the multi-granularity emotions of people in the city: a case study of Nanchang, China.","authors":"Xin Xiao,&nbsp;Chaoyang Fang,&nbsp;Hui Lin,&nbsp;Li Liu,&nbsp;Ya Tian,&nbsp;Qinghua He","doi":"10.1007/s43762-021-00030-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-021-00030-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the Internet age, emotions exist in cyberspace and geospatial space, and social media is the mapping from geospatial space to cyberspace. However, most previous studies pay less attention to the multidimensional and spatiotemporal characteristics of emotion. We obtained 211,526 Sina Weibo data with geographic locations and trained an emotion classification model by combining the Bidirectional Encoder Representation from Transformers (BERT) model and a convolutional neural network to calculate the emotional tendency of each Weibo. Then, the topic of the hot spots in Nanchang City was detected through a word shift graph, and the temporal and spatial change characteristics of the Weibo emotions were analyzed at the grid-scale. The results of our research show that Weibo's overall emotion tendencies are mainly positive. The spatial distribution of the urban emotions is extremely uneven, and the hot spots of a single emotion are mainly distributed around the city. In general, the intensity of the temporal and spatial changes in emotions in the cities is relatively high. Specifically, from day to night, the city exhibits a pattern of high in the east and low in the west. From working days to weekends, the model exhibits a low center and a four-week high. These results reveal the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of the Weibo emotions in the city and provide auxiliary support for analyzing the happiness of residents in the city and guiding urban management and planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8724235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39679292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of emergency support capacity and optimization of delivery service system for urban living materials under uncertain situations: a case study of Xi'an City during COVID-19 epidemic.","authors":"Jianpo Wang,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Jiaobei Wang,&nbsp;Qifan Nie,&nbsp;Yue Yu,&nbsp;Tingting Xu","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00076-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00076-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought a heavy burden and severe challenges to the global economy and society, forcing different countries and regions to take various preventive and control measures ranging from normal operations to partial or complete lockdowns. Taking Xi'an city as an example, based on multisource POI data for the government's vegetable storage delivery points, logistics terminal outlets, designated medical institutions, communities, etc., this paper uses the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area method (2SFCA) and other spatial analysis methods to analyze the spatial pattern of emergency support points (ESPs) and express logistics terminals in different situations. It then discusses construction and optimization strategies for urban emergency support and delivery service systems. The conclusions are as follows. (1) The ESPs are supported by large-scale chain supermarkets and fresh supermarkets, which are positively related to the population distribution.The spatial distribution of express logistics terminals is imbalanced, dense in the middle while sparse at the edges. 90% of express terminals are located within a 500 m distance of communities, however, some terminals are shared, which restrict their ability to provide emergency support to surrounding residents. (2) In general, accessibility increases as the number of ESPs increases; under normal traffic, as the distance threshold increases, the available ESPs increase but accessibility slightly decreases; with a traffic lockdown, the travel distance of residents is limited, and as ESPs increase, accessibility and the number of POIs covered significantly increase. (3) The spatial accessibility of the ESPs has a \"dumbbell-shaped\" distribution, with highest accessibility in the north and south, higher around the second ring road, slightly lower in the center, and lowest near the third ring road at east and west. (4) With the goal of \"opening up the logistics artery and unblocking the distribution microcirculation\", based on \"ESPs + couriers + express logistics terminals + residents\", this paper proposes to build and optimize the urban emergency support and delivery service system to improve the comprehensive ability of the city to cope with uncertain risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":"2 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9789736/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10458304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of a Twitter data-centred methodology for assessing commuters' perceptions of the Delhi metro in India.","authors":"Apoorv Agrawal,&nbsp;Paulose N Kuriakose","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00066-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00066-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Owing to the onset of the new media age, the idea of e-public participation has proven to be a great complement to the limitations of the conventional public participation approach. In this respect, location-based social networks (LBSN) data can prove to be a game shift in this digital era to offer an insight into the commuter perception of service delivery. The paper aims to investigate the potential of using Twitter data to assess commuters' perceptions of the Delhi metro, India, by presenting a comprehensive methodology for extracting, processing, and interpreting the data. The study extracts Twitter data from the official handle of the Delhi metro, performs semantic and sentiment analysis to comprehend commuters' concerns and assesses commuters' sentiments on the predicted concerns. The paper outlines that the current depth of Twitter data is more inclined to instantaneous responses to grievances encountered. Moreover, the analysis presents that for the data extraction period, the topics 'Ride Safety' and 'Crowding' have the lowest scores, while 'Personnel Attitude' and 'Customer Interface' have the highest scores. Further, the paper highlights insights gleaned from Twitter data in addition to the aspects included in the conventional satisfaction survey. The paper concludes by outlining the opportunities and limitations of LBSN analytics for effective public transportation decision-making in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9589671/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40436997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying future partner agencies: helping Brazos Valley Food Bank in the fight against food insecurity.","authors":"Sanni Saari,&nbsp;Ying Li,&nbsp;Shannon Avila,&nbsp;Ebony Knight","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00064-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00064-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazos Valley Food Bank (BVFB) is a non-profit organization in the Bryan-College Station area of Texas. It distributes food supplies through partner agencies and special programs to eradicate hunger in Brazos Valley. However, a big gap exists between the meals distributed by BVFB and the size of the food-insecure population. This research is motivated by BVFB's desire to reach more people by recruiting more sustainable partner agencies. We used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to map food desert areas lacking access to nutritious food. We combined expert knowledge with multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) to address the challenges and time consumption of manually identifying sustainable partner agencies for local food delivery. We identified evaluation criteria for all agencies based on BVFB managers' preferences using a qualitative approach, and then applied three quantitative decision-making models: the Weighted Sum Model (WSM), the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), and the Multi-criteria Optimization and Compromise Solution (VIKOR) models to obtain ranking results. We compared the quantitative models' rankings to BVFB managers' manual choices and discussed the impacts of our research. The key innovation of the research is to develop a mixed method by combining expert knowledge with mathematical decision models and GIS to support spatial decision making in food distribution. Although our results were specific to BVFB, these procedures can be applied to food banks in general. Future studies include finetuning our models to measure and address human biases, wider applications and more data collections.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9547752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33543050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of hospital resilience framework in urban China: insight from Wuhan City.","authors":"Annan Jin,&nbsp;Gang Li,&nbsp;Yue Yu,&nbsp;Jiaobei Wang,&nbsp;Qifan Nie","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00060-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00060-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) swept the world, many countries face a problem that is a shortage of medical resources. The role of emergency medical facilities in response to the epidemic is beginning to arouse public attention, and the construction of the urban resilient emergency response framework has become the critical way to resist the epidemic. Today, China has controlled the domestically transmitted COVID-19 cases through multiple emergency medical facilities and inclusive patient admission criteria. Most of the existing literature focuses on case studies or characterizations of individual facilities. This paper constructs an evaluation system to measure urban hospital resilience from the spatial perspective and deciphered the layout patterns and regularities of emergency medical facilities in Wuhan, the city most affected by the epidemic in China. Findings indicate that the pattern of one center and two circles are a more compelling layout structure for urban emergency medical facilities in terms of accessibility and service coverage for residents. Meanwhile, the Fangcang shelter hospital has an extraordinary performance in terms of emergency response time, and it is a sustainable facility utilization approach in the post-epidemic era. This study bolsters areas of the research on the urban resilient emergency response framework. Moreover, the paper summarizes new medical facilities' planning and location characteristics and hopes to provide policy-makers and urban planners with valuable empirical evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9483400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33486611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating functional consistency of mobility-related urban zones via motion-driven embedding vectors and local POI-type distributions.","authors":"Alessandro Crivellari,&nbsp;Bernd Resch","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00049-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00049-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urban morphology and human mobility are two sides of the complex mixture of elements that implicitly define urban functionality. By leveraging the emerging availability of crowdsourced data, we aim for novel insights on how they relate to each other, which remains a substantial scientific challenge. Specifically, our study focuses on extracting spatial-temporal information from taxi trips in an attempt on grouping urban space based on human mobility, and subsequently assess its potential relationship with urban functional characteristics in terms of local points-of-interest (POI) distribution. Proposing a vector representation of urban areas, constructed via unsupervised machine learning on trip data's temporal and geographic factors, the underlying idea is to define areas as \"related\" if they often act as destinations of similar departing regions at similar points in time, regardless of any other explicit information. Hidden relations are mapped within the generated vector space, whereby areas are represented as points and stronger/weaker relatedness is conveyed through relative distances. The mobility-related outcome is then compared with the POI-type distribution across the urban environment, to assess the functional consistency of mobility-based clusters of urban areas. Results indicate a meaningful relationship between spatial-temporal motion patterns and urban distributions of a diverse selection of POI-type categorizations, paving the way to ideally identify homogenous urban functional zones only based on the movement of people. Our data-driven approach is intended to complement traditional urban development studies on providing a novel perspective to urban activity modeling, standing out as a reference for mining information out of mobility and POI data types in the context of urban management and planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9239969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40580193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing computable sustainable urbanization science: interdisciplinary perspective.","authors":"Mingxing Chen,&nbsp;Liangkan Chen,&nbsp;Yang Li,&nbsp;Yue Xian","doi":"10.1007/s43762-022-00048-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s43762-022-00048-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this era of drastic global change, the Anthropocene, carbon neutrality and sustainable development have become common twenty-first century human challenges and goals. Large-scale urbanization is indicative of human activities and provides an important impetus for environmental changes; therefore, cities have become an important stage in which to promote a more sustainable future development of human society. However, current researchers study urbanization issues based on the perspectives and tools of their respective disciplines; therefore, a holistic and comprehensive understanding of urbanization is lacking due to the insufficient integration of multidisciplinary study perspectives. We explored the construction of interdisciplinary computable sustainable urbanization and introduces a conceptual framework for interdisciplinary urbanization, as scientific computing supports and integrates the natural sciences and humanities to simulate urban evolution and further observe, explain, and optimize human and environment interactions in urban areas. We advocated for the establishment of major international research programs and organizations in the field of sustainable urbanization, and the cultivation of talented young professionals with broad-ranging interdisciplinary interests. Expectantly, we hope a livable planet in the Anthropocene era could be created by developing sustainable urbanization and achieving carbon neutrality.</p>","PeriodicalId":72667,"journal":{"name":"Computational urban science","volume":" ","pages":"17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9207868/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40400977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}