{"title":"From adverb to intensifier","authors":"Magdalena Pastuch, Barbara Mitrenga, K. Wąsińska","doi":"10.1075/jhp.19009.pas","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.19009.pas","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This paper aims is to analyse the status of selected Polish words: okrutnie (‘cruelly’), strasznie (‘terribly’) and szalenie (‘madly’). These units are traditionally considered to be adverbs, and their formal structure and original meaning indicate derivation from proper adjectives. We presume that adverbs might develop into intensifiers, which are semantically close to bardzo (‘very’). By analysing the linguistic material extracted from chronologically differentiated corpora of Polish (korba, kf19 and nkjp), we want to show how this linguistic process has been evolving over the centuries. Our research examines quantitative and qualitative collocational data of okrutnie, strasznie and szalenie with their categorical value and semantic evaluation (positive, neutral and negative). Our research reveals that the changing of words’ meaning, and their syntactic function, switched from the object language to the metalanguage level, is a feature associated with grammaticalization. We used a statistical chi-square test to verify the probability of word co-occurrence.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Who’s speaking for whom?","authors":"Mingjian Xiang, Esther Pascual, Bosen Ma","doi":"10.1075/jhp.18013.xia","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.18013.xia","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper deals with rhetorically intended questions in the Zhuangzi, a foundational text of\u0000 Daoism (fourth century bc). Such questions are generally meant to evoke silent answers in the addressee’s mind, thereby\u0000 involving a fictive type of interaction (Pascual 2006, 2014). We analyse rhetorical questions as constructions of intersubjectivity (see Verhagen 2005, 2008), involving not just a conceptual\u0000 integration of question and assertion but also a viewpoint blend (Dancygier and Sweetser [eds]\u0000 2012). They involve fusing the perspectives of the writer, the assumed prospective readers, and possibly also that of\u0000 the discourse characters (in the case of rhetorical questions ascribed to a discourse character but meant to represent the\u0000 writer’s voice). In this highly influential text with abundant mixed viewpoint scenarios, the interpretation of rhetorical\u0000 questions involves the resolution of different viewpoints, which are set up and shifted in a multi-layered manner for particular\u0000 argumentative purposes.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48332131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"(Polite) directives in mediaeval Catalan","authors":"Katalin Nagy C.","doi":"10.1075/jhp.19001.nag","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.19001.nag","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper addresses an issue of diachronic speech act analysis and diachronic politeness research at the same\u0000 time. Its primary aim is to examine uses of two grammatical constructions based on subjunctive forms of the verb\u0000 plaure (‘please’) in medieval Catalan, relying on a corpus of texts from the thirteenth to sixteenth\u0000 centuries. It is argued that the construction “plaure (in subjunctive) + indirect object + que”\u0000 (‘may it please somebody that’) in the beginning was used to perform permission-requesting directives, and later, indirect\u0000 directives, which goes against Searle’s generalisation about possible ways of performing indirect directives. Occurrences of the\u0000 construction “plaure (in subjunctive) + indirect object + infinitive” (‘may it please somebody to do something’),\u0000 developed later but used with the same function, are also considered, and all of the relevant occurrences are analysed in the\u0000 framework of Brown and Levinson’s (1987 [1978]) politeness theory. As far as the\u0000 methodology is concerned, the paper concludes that a highly comparative approach is needed in diachronic speech act analysis –\u0000 that is, various forms suitable for performing the same type of speech act in an historical period have to be examined together.\u0000 In accordance with this principle, the findings of this study should be integrated in a larger research project focussing – in\u0000 addition to constructions with plaure (‘please’) – on uses of constructions involving the verbs meaning ‘think’\u0000 and ‘want’ as well, since all of them are assumed to be suitable for performing directives in mediaeval Catalan.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41925368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"“Have nou godenai day”","authors":"Carol Parrish Jamison","doi":"10.1075/jhp.19010.jam","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.19010.jam","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 “Have a good day” and its variant “have a nice day” are among our most common forms of modern leave-taking.\u0000 Although these expressions may seem modern, they can be traced back to a twelfth century English romance, entitled King\u0000 Horn, and can also be found in a number of other mediaeval works. Linguists typically treat the expression as token\u0000 politeness that does not warrant detailed analysis. However, an examination of the mediaeval works containing the expression shows\u0000 that, from its earliest recording, it appears in unexpected contexts and can carry deeper meaning. Rather than being merely a\u0000 phatic phrase, the expression has long been used as a meaningful rhetorical device. This diachronic study explores the expression\u0000 “have a good day” from its earliest occurrence to modern times and shows its potential to move beyond phatic use.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41457382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Constructionalized rhetorical questions from negatively biased to negation polarity","authors":"Ruti Bardenstein","doi":"10.1075/jhp.17011.bar","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.17011.bar","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 How does a rhetorical question become an adverbial npi down-toner? This paper focusses on a specific type\u0000 of grammaticalization process: the grammaticalization of a rhetorical construction à la Goldberg (1995), namely, a “constructionalized rhetorical question” (Bardenstein 2018) which turns into a down-toning adverbial. The particular focus of this\u0000 paper is on the Hebrew lo mi yodea ma (‘not who knows what’; i.e., ‘not of high quality/quantity’) which has\u0000 developed from the constructionalization of two earlier constructions. Initially, the biblical question-phrase mi\u0000 yodea (‘who knows’) constructionalized as “negatively biased” (Ladusaw\u0000 1996). This is a rhetorical question, to which the obvious answer is negative, and in our case mi\u0000 yodea can be interpreted as ‘nobody knows’. Most often, it is the case of “not knowing” what the future holds. Then,\u0000 once a direct object ma (‘what’) was added, it constructionalized once again into a strengthening/\u0000 intensification construction mi yodea ma (‘who knows what’), conveying high quantity/quality. This happened since\u0000 “not knowing what is to happen” can be interpreted as “anything can happen” and this interpretation was used rhetorically to\u0000 strengthen one‘s utterance. Lastly, mi yodea ma (‘who knows what’) constructionalized under the scope of the\u0000 negation operator lo (‘not’), into a versatile down-toning adverbial: lo mi yodea ma. Since it\u0000 is very difficult to negate a strongly positive construction without implying that a less positive one is to some extent true,\u0000 this negated construction became a versatile down-toner.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41976476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The subjunctive in Renaissance French","authors":"Miriam A. Eisenbruch","doi":"10.1075/jhp.18009.eis","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.18009.eis","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The aim of this study was to explore why the subjunctive, despite its lack of modal productivity, might persist in\u0000 French. I argue that the subjunctive is a modally void fossil, persisting due to repeated usage following highly entrenched\u0000 constructions. The focus here is on the behaviour of the subjunctive in Renaissance French, specifically in the sixteenth and\u0000 early-seventeenth centuries. Content analysis of personal correspondence identified the real subjunctive usage that lies beneath\u0000 the French polish applied by standardisation. Through analysis of the structures that trigger the subjunctive in complement clause\u0000 environments, I explore the grammatical behaviour of the subjunctive. The subjunctive was routinised after regularly occurring\u0000 verbal and non-verbal constructions, strengthening the subjunctive’s position in certain complement clause environments. This\u0000 study has diachronic importance in identifying which salient forms might persist in French. There are insights into the\u0000 behaviour – perhaps the foundations – of the subjunctive paradigm in French as it stands today.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47233194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"From deontic modality to conditionality","authors":"Y. Kuo","doi":"10.1075/jhp.19002.kuo","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.19002.kuo","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000While epistemic modality has been suggested to be a modal source of conditionality, deontic modality has been generally overlooked. Using data from Classical Chinese and the Invited Inferencing Theory of Semantic Change, this study demonstrates that the deontic modal bi tends to invite inferences of conditionality in contexts where it is used teleologically and performatively as an indirect speech act of advice. That is, conditionality can emerge out of an interaction of teleological and performative meanings. Furthermore, three conditions are identified as where teleological, performative and conditional meanings enable the inferencing of the deontic modal bi as a conditional protasis connective. The absence of one or more of these conditions is shown to be less likely to invite inferences of conditionality.","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43841548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Winters (2020): Historical Linguistics: A Cognitive Grammar Introduction","authors":"Isabeau De Smet","doi":"10.1075/jhp.00047.sme","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.00047.sme","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43404151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Peikola, Mäkilähde, Salmi, Varila & Skaffari (2017): Verbal and Visual Communication in Early English Texts","authors":"Jeremy Smith","doi":"10.1075/jhp.00048.smi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/jhp.00048.smi","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54081,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Historical Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2022-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41576826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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