Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0014
T. Hill
{"title":"Travel’s Place in the Environment","authors":"T. Hill","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines the impacts of our travel behaviours on our natural environment. The chapter considers the history of these relations, from the age of muscle and wind, through industrialization and seemingly limitless growth, to the realities of climate change and ecological limits that we now face. The negative impacts of human travel are evident in transport-related emissions, which contribute around a quarter of global carbon emissions, and in the more localized impacts of air pollution and habitat disruption due to transport and tourism. We are only at the start of the quest to see how we can live and travel sustainably: this chapter asks, how can our technologies and behaviours change to meet this challenge? It explores possibilities around reducing travel, and suggests that we may reach a more equitable future not by authoritarian edicts but by behavioural ‘nudging’ techniques including pricing and rationing to encourage more responsible travel and the development of sustainable technology.","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115458702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0005
M. Dillon, Alexander Jan
{"title":"The Economics of Travel: It’s Not the Destination, It’s the Journey","authors":"M. Dillon, Alexander Jan","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter lays out the conventional economic understanding of travel, whereby travel is calculated merely as a derived demand, and challenges this approach from a number of perspectives. The chapter shows the need to calculate the intrinsic value of the experience of travel itself especially in the light of the ability to do other things during travel ranging from working on trains to the sheer enjoyment of watching the scenery go by. The authors look at how more recent understandings of our instinctive need to travel are being considered in economic valuations, the behavioural economic approach to understanding travel behaviours, as well how to account for the economic costs of travel, such as its contribution to climate change. The latter approach clearly challenges the emphasis on the value of reductions in travel time as the prime focus when calculating benefits and making ensuing investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"25 3-4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116702751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.13
M. Dillon, A. Jan
{"title":"The Economics of Travel:","authors":"M. Dillon, A. Jan","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115570138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0008
A. Kuznets, Matthew Niblett
{"title":"Travel in Art and Literature","authors":"A. Kuznets, Matthew Niblett","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter explores the links between travel and artistic endeavours. It shows that travel dominates our language through metaphor and idioms, thus shaping our way of thinking. It then explores the myriad links between creativity and travel. It discusses how travel has influenced artistic trends and tastes, and shaped literary forms such as the novel. It also explores how travel helps inspire creativity, giving the artist or writer a mental freedom and new perspectives. Conversely, artistic works have inspired many others to travel: to follow in the footsteps of the artists and see places depicted for themselves. Finally, the chapter looks at how and why travel is such a central motif within our stories, art and literature. We see how nearly all forms of literature, and many other art forms, explore themes of identity, freedom, suffering, empathy and psychological development through the theme of travel.","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"60 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120807927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0015
K. Beuret, Matthew Niblett
{"title":"Conclusion: What Have We Learnt?","authors":"K. Beuret, Matthew Niblett","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0015","url":null,"abstract":"This chapters summarizes the findings of the other chapters, arguing that we travel because it is integral to what defines humanity and because it enables human progress and well-being, individually and socially. The chapter discusses the challenge faced by policy makers in how to retain, encourage and extend travel without adverse effects. It concludes with hope that as the world struggles with a variety of medical, social and ecological challenges, the fundamental need for humans to travel will contextualize the debate about what to do next.","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124383096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.11
T. Hiss
{"title":"Travel and the Mind","authors":"T. Hiss","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122234054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.16
A. Kuznets, Matthew Niblett
{"title":"Travel in Art and Literature","authors":"A. Kuznets, Matthew Niblett","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1rxdqqg.16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114990918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Why Travel?Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0011
E. Thomas
{"title":"Travel as Exploration: Science, the Unknown and Personal Discovery","authors":"E. Thomas","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529216363.003.0011","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter shows that exploratory travel has shaped human history, and is related to a fundamental human desire to encounter the unknown. In particular the chapter focuses on the role of exploration in the development of the scientific method during the Age of Discovery, specifically the work of early modern thinkers such as Francis Bacon. The chapter explores the motivations for exploration, which often involve both personal quests for wealth, adventure and glory, aligned with larger-scale political and economic forces. The chapter argues that exploration is still possible today, on land and increasingly under the sea and in space. The chapter also examines the more intimate aspect of exploration as an endeavour undertaken in our personal lives, a desire that drives us to step off the beaten track and push ourselves beyond the familiar.","PeriodicalId":320799,"journal":{"name":"Why Travel?","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127970248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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