Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture最新文献

{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF THE CHANGES IN WIND VELOCITY ON THE OUTER HEAT EXCHANGE OF THE BUILDINGS","authors":"D. Tarasevych, O. Bogdan","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-148-155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-148-155","url":null,"abstract":"When choosing architectural and planning solutions, such climatic factors as air temperature and humidity, having scalar quantities, as well as solar radiation, wind and precipitation having vector characteristics, must be taken into account. The calculated climatic parameters for the design of building enclosing structures, heat loss calculations and heat supply regulation are provided in the current documentation on norms and standards. The practical exploitation of various buildings demonstrates that in terms of initial climatic data, the choice of design parameters is not always efficiently justified; hence, the influence of the environment on the heating regime of the structures is insufficient in the estimations and sometimes erroneous. The wind is one of such climatic parameters. Its velocity and repeatability impact the heat exchange of the building structure with the environment as well as the alteration in temperature regime. The wind current towards the building creates additional pressure on the facade of the construction from the wind side direction. This leads, firstly, to air infiltration via the enclosing structures, and secondly, to the rise of heat exchange from the outer surface of the wall on the windward side. Based on estimated and analytical research, the values of the change in wind velocity depending on the altitude were analyzed, and its influence on the heat loss during heating of multi-storey buildings was assessed. The alterations in the wind velocity depending on the altitude were analyzed in the conditions of dense (urban) and broad construction. Besides, the authors presented the dependence of the convective component of the heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface of the structure on the values of the wind velocity. Based on the performed and presented calculations, it can be noticed that the heat transfer of the external structure will be much higher for multi-storey buildings than for mid-rise constructions. Thus, the convective component of the heat transfer coefficient of the outer surface rises by 36 % when the wind velocity increases from 5 m/s to 7 m/s. If not taking into consideration this dependence in the design, it can significantly influence the estimation of heat loss and energy efficiency of buildings, especially when it is about the increased percentage of facades glazing. The authors of the article assessed the heat loss for heating the windward and leeward facades at average values of the outside air temperature during the heating season in Ukraine. Hence, for constructions higher than 70 m with a calculated wind velocity of 5 m/s, heat losses increase from 10 % to 19 %. Such great difference in heat loss between the windward and leeward walls of the building requires increased thermal protection from the prevailing winter winds. Therefore, when designing multi-storey buildings, it is necessary to take into account changes in wind velocity according to the altitude. The obtained results can ","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"71 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133978745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENHANCEMENT OF STEEL REINFORCEMENT PROPECTION IN ALKALI-ACTIVATED SLAG CEMENT CONCRETE MIXED WITH SEAWATER","authors":"P. Krivenko, І.І. Rudenko, О.P. Konstantynovskyi, О.V. Boiko","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-67-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-67-76","url":null,"abstract":"Modern trends in construction industry in terms of efficient use of raw materials and energy, implying a responsible attitude to environment, predetermine application of alkali-activated slag cement concrete (further, AASC concrete). It’s well-known the increased risk of steel reinforcement corrosion is caused by mixing concretes with seawater, presented by chlorides and sulfates. One of the benefits of AASC concrete is possibility to be mixed with seawater. The aim of this research was the enhancement of AASC concrete’s protective properties, mixed with seawater, to steel reinforcement due to modification by complex of additives (further, CA), including portland cement, calcium aluminate cement and clinoptilolite. Kuzel’s salt (3CaO∙Al2O3∙0,5CaCl2∙0,5SO4∙10H2O) was fixed in hydration products of AASC, modified by proposed CA, after 180 d of hydration. Formation of mentioned salt is due to chemical binding of Cl- and SO42- ions by calcium hydroaluminate 3CaO∙Al2O3∙10H2O, formed by co-acting of Portland cement and calcium aluminate cement during hydration process. Clinoptilolite enhances occlusion function of hydrates presented by alkaline hydro-alumina-silicates. State of steel reinforcement, evaluated according to DSTU B V.2.6-181:2011, confirms the effectiveness of CA in plasticized AASC concrete, mixed with seawater. Mass loss of steel rebars, which were reached from AASC concrete, modified by high-plasticizing additive of sodium lignosulphonate, was in compliance with mandatory requirements (no more than 10 g/m2). This fact is evidence of corrosion absence. Obtained results confirm mitigation of steel reinforcement corrosion risk in plasticized AASC concrete, modified by CA and mixed with seawater. This phenomenon is caused by binding of Cl- and SO42- ions due to chemical adsorption by gel-like phases, chemical binding in Kuzel`s salt as well as their occluding by zeolite-containing admixture and alkaline hydro-alumina-silicates. In addition, increased strength of AASC concrete, while mixing with seawater, is caused by both water-reducing effect of salts of strong acids and densification of artificial stone microstructure under their influence.","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"36 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114112039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ENERGY SAVING AS A PRIORITY DIRECTION OF STATE POLICY IN UKRAINE AND IN THE WORLD: PROBLEMS OF USING SOLAR ENERGY IN ARCHITECTURE","authors":"S.S. Ermakova, Оlena Vasylenko, Al Echcheikh El Alaoui","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-9-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-9-19","url":null,"abstract":"There are aspects of scientific research in the analysis of scientific research in the formation of systems of lighting in architecture: energy conservation, shaping in the internal and external space of architecture, integration, technology, aesthetics and innovation. Buildings and cities were designed and oriented according to specific natural and climatic conditions. When designing public and residential buildings, the main focus was on the orientation of their courtyards relative to the sides of the horizon. According to such compositional techniques, the architectural volumes were designed from the south side of the courtyard, orienting and opening them to the north side. This provided both protection from direct solar radiation and the ability to capture cool northerly winds. A similar approach took place then throughout the entire period of medieval architecture in the Arab countries, where the common areas are oriented to the north. Among the totality of studies of insolation problem and sun protection in architecture, a number of areas stand out: aesthetic, analytical, theoretical, experimental, instrumental, biological and hygienic. For the first time in domestic and foreign science in the 80s of the XX century, the problem of improving the quality of modern architecture is determined by natural and artificial lighting in the main categories (expressiveness, comfort, efficiency). Health-improving and sanitizing effects were of great practical importance in the design of modern buildings. Natural and climatic factors have an important impact on the main categories of architecture quality. The main place is occupied by solar radiation and insolation. The term \"insolation\" means the total solar irradiation and not only direct, but also reflected and scattered over a certain calculated area, which takes into account the combination of light, ultraviolet and thermal effects of the Sun.","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126786153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DEFORMABILITY OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS UNDER THE ACTION OF CYCLIC LOADING","authors":"Yu. A. Somina, V. Karpiuk","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-38-46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2021-83-38-46","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is an experimental research of the influence of low-cycle sign-constant loading, as well as the most significant design factors on the deformability of reinforced concrete beam elements. In this regard, for experimental research, the authors developed a four-factor three-level Boxing plan B4. The experimental factors of the plan were varied according to the literature review, which showed that the most significant factors are the following: the value of the relative shear span a/h0, the concrete class C, the value (amount) of transverse reinforcement on the beams support sections ρsw, the level of sign-constant loading η. The samples were tested according to the scheme of a single-span beam, alternately loaded with two centre-point forces. The number of cycles of sign-constant loading was accepted as 10. According to the results of the experiment, using the COMPEX program, adequate mathematical models of the basic parameters of reinforced concrete specimens-beams deformability under the action of low-cycle sign-constant loading were derived, that reflect the influence of these factors both individually and in interaction with each other. Analyzing these models, the features of the development of tensile reinforcement and compressed concrete deformations, as well as beams deflections in the specified conditions, were established. In particular, the factors that have the greatest influence on deformations and deflections are the relative shear span and the level of low-cycle loading. Thus, with their increase, the relative deformations of tensile reinforcement increase by 51% and 52%, the relative deformations of compressed concrete by 40% and 37%, accordingly, by series. The increase of deflections is 43% and 40% with an increase of relative shear span and 38% and 12% with an increase of loading level, accordingly, by series.","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122896855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE INFLUENCE OF WAVES ON THE BREAKWATER OF A PARTIAL VERTICAL PROFILE","authors":"R. V. Synytsia","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2020-80-93-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2020-80-93-102","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. The article is devoted to the issues of physical experimental researches connected with the determination of the parameters of wave quenching when overflowing them through the superstructure of enclosing hydraulic structures (ENS) of incomplete vertical profile. The research was conducted in the hydrowave laboratory of the Department of Hydraulic Engineering of the Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. The article presents partial results of experiments performed on ENS of incomplete vertical profile. The models were made on a geometric scale and were subjected to wave effects similar to the conditions of the natural section of the coast of the Odessa Bay in compliance with the criteria of similarity. The construction of new structures of enclosing hydraulic structures requires careful primary experimental research. These researches mostly often carried out on physical models in specialized hydrowave laboratories, allow to get rid of risks of financial losses at the wrong choice of types and elements of the designed objects. The carried out researches allow estimating with a high degree of reliability, according to scale conditions, physics of the processes proceeding on models which will also be observed at the operation of real construction. The physics of the process of hydrodynamic impact on hydraulic structures is often difficult to describe only with the help of a mathematical model, which confirms the high degree of importance of physical experiments. The progress of technical science largely depends on the ability to make more accurate measurements. High-precision measuring equipment was used in laboratory tests. This paper describes the method of conducting experiments that were performed on one physical model, under three different conditions of the location of the superstructure relative to the quiet level, as well as different values of the initial wave heights. The use of structures of incomplete vertical profile, in order to protect the waters of seaports, as well as elements of the coastal infrastructure of maritime cities will increase economic attractiveness by reducing financial costs, thanks to the reduction of the topside of the enclosing structures.","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116556193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE HADZHIBEY ESTUARY DAM IN ODESSA","authors":"K. Anisimov, L. Gurtina, V. Shuminskii, Llc «Uniprom»","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-135-144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-135-144","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125644055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GLUED LAMINATED TIMBER","authors":"S. Shekhorkina, M. Makhinko, А. Myslytska","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-53-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-53-62","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128087661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRENGTH OF RIGID PAVEMENT CONCRETES MODIFIED WITH POLYCARBOXYLATE ADMIXTURE ON DIFFERENT TYPES OF CEMENT","authors":"V. O. Kryzhanovskiy, S. Kroviakov","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-92-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-92-98","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128021827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF SPATIAL QUASISTATIC BENDING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE FRAMES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT PHYSICAL NONLINEARITY AND PLASTICITY OF CONCRETE BY THE BOUNDARY ELEMENT METHOD","authors":"V. Fomin, I. Fomina","doi":"10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-43-52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2415-377x-2020-79-43-52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":273453,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of Odessa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128315139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}