{"title":"Components of a Disaster Response System","authors":"E. Ricci, E. Pretto, K. O. Sundnes","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0004","url":null,"abstract":"The intent of this chapter is to describe the general framework of emergency public health and emergency medical services operations in disaster events in order to inform the planning and conduct of the evaluation study. The objective of disaster medical and public health response operations is to deliver immediate health care relief to an affected population until ‘pre-event’ health services can be restored. The functions of the health sector described in this chapter are termed basic societal/support functions or emergency support functions. Each function carries with it a series of activities or interventions; therefore, it seems reasonable to identify and study these activities from the perspective of the user rather than from an event-specific viewpoint. It is important to note that the outcomes or level of performance of these activities be assessed both quantitatively and qualitatively within the context of the larger evaluation study. More importantly, the data collected through systematic evaluation in these cases should be uniformly reported so as to make them generalizable to similar hazard events, thereby facilitating the creation of an ‘all-hazards’ repository of information on disasters. In this chapter we describe a generalized disaster response framework, including a ‘concept of operations’, for the public health and medical components of a disaster response system.","PeriodicalId":304773,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Evaluation Research","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125635955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prepare Mixed-method Data Collection Instruments (Step 4)","authors":"E. Ricci, E. Pretto, K. O. Sundnes","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0008","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter builds upon the response system components described in Chapter 4 and the logic model presented in Chapter 7. The stakeholder group that is assembled to guide the evaluation should determine the evaluation questions that are of greatest interest to them. Topical interview guides are typically prepared to guide interviews with professional responders, victims (or their surrogates), public health, safety, and governmental administrators, and non-governmental organization participants. In addition, an autopsy/hospital record abstract form and an ‘observation guide’ are often included in the set of data collection forms. Data collection forms used in past evaluations can be found in Appendix C and may be useful as examples.","PeriodicalId":304773,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Evaluation Research","volume":"197 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125318166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construct the Logic Model and Research Design (Step 3)","authors":"E. Ricci, E. Pretto, K. O. Sundnes","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0007","url":null,"abstract":"A ‘mixed-methods’ research design, based upon the categories contained in a disaster response logic model, is suggested as the best approach to capture the complexities of the medical and public health disaster response experience. A mixed-methods design allows the evaluation team to collect and combine data from direct observation, medical records, interviews with victims, health professionals, family and friends of victims, public safety officials, other government and non-governmental officials and from public documents. Validation in a mixed-method design is based upon the concept of triangulation. The term triangulation is used in behavioral research to describe the process of obtaining data from three or more different sources and then comparing the findings to assess consistency across sources. In this design, both qualitative and quantitative data are collected and then merged during the analysis phase. Each data set is used to validate and enhance the other in order to improve the validity of the conclusions reached and the recommendations that follow. However, not all data need be combined. The mixed-method design allows for the analysis of certain types of data separately and then applied to the appropriate research question because there may be no appropriate comparative data.","PeriodicalId":304773,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Evaluation Research","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126886851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Epilogue","authors":"E. Ricci, E. Pretto, Knut Ole Sundnes","doi":"10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796862.003.0014","url":null,"abstract":"This is the epilogue for the book Disaster Evaluation Research.","PeriodicalId":304773,"journal":{"name":"Disaster Evaluation Research","volume":"98 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132683901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}