IF 2.9 3区地球科学

Earth and Space Science Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024EA003740

Tingting Ye, Weihua Ai, Dachao Jin, Zhonghui Tan, Li Wang, Fenghua Ling, Xi Liu, Nan Chen, Senshen Hu

{"title":"MF-UFNO: A Fourier Neural Operators-Based Model for Radar Echo Extrapolation","authors":"Tingting Ye, Weihua Ai, Dachao Jin, Zhonghui Tan, Li Wang, Fenghua Ling, Xi Liu, Nan Chen, Senshen Hu","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003740","url":null,"abstract":"Severe convective weather events, such as heavy rainfall and flooding, are serious threats to human society. However, accurate nowcasting of these events using radar remains challenging due to the complex dynamics and nonlinear physical processes involved. Moreover, existing radar echo extrapolation methods primarily rely on time-domain analysis, leaving a considerable gap in capturing frequency-domain features. Therefore, this paper proposes a Multi-variable Fusion UNet-Fourier Neural Operator (MF-UFNO) model, which combines multiple radar variables through a late-fusion strategy for extrapolation tasks. The model integrates Fast Fourier Transform to extract frequency-domain features, enhancing the representation of the spatiotemporal evolution of radar echoes. The MF-UFNO model is trained and validated on polarimetric radar variables collected from an S-band dual-polarization radar between April 2020 and June 2021. Experimental results indicate that the MF-UFNO model achieves high forecasting accuracy, with statistical Threat Scores exceeding 0.5 and 0.4 for 15 and 25 dBZ thresholds, respectively, over the forecast period. Compared to existing models such as the SmaAt-UNet model and the Rainymotion model, the proposed model demonstrates superior performance in radar echo extrapolation, particularly in accurately predicting fine-scale structures within a 60-min forecast window. With the precise nowcasting capabilities, the MF-UFNO model can improve the generation of severe convective weather warnings and enhance short-term weather guidance.","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003740","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Role of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Modulating Monsoon Depression Dynamics: Insights From a Regional High-Resolution Model 土地利用和土地覆盖变化在调节季风低气压动力学中的作用：来自区域高分辨率模式的见解

IF 2.3 4区地球科学

Meteorological Applications Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1002/met.70056

K. B. R. R. Hari Prasad, Ashish Routray, Greeshma M. Mohan, M. V. S. Ramarao, Suryakanti Dutta, Srinivasarao Karri, V. S. Prasad

{"title":"Role of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Modulating Monsoon Depression Dynamics: Insights From a Regional High-Resolution Model","authors":"K. B. R. R. Hari Prasad, Ashish Routray, Greeshma M. Mohan, M. V. S. Ramarao, Suryakanti Dutta, Srinivasarao Karri, V. S. Prasad","doi":"10.1002/met.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/met.70056","url":null,"abstract":"Land use and land cover (LULC) changes significantly influence the dynamics of weather systems, particularly in regions prone to rapid land cover changes and extreme weather events like monsoon depression (MD). This study employs the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with a high-resolution (2 km) configuration to investigate the impact of updated LULC data on the predictability of MDs over India. Two experiments were conducted with LULC data from different sources: (i) the United States Geological Survey (USGS) with 1 km resolution and (ii) the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) with 56 m resolution. The simulations are validated against observational and reanalysis datasets, including Automated Weather Stations (AWS), ERA5 reanalysis, IMD best track data, and GPM IMERG rainfall estimates. The results indicate that the NRSC dataset, which reflects current updated land cover conditions, provides a more accurate representation of land surface-atmosphere interactions, leading to improved simulations of MDs' track, intensity, and associated rainfall. Key meteorological parameters such as wind profiles, potential vorticity, moisture transport, and diabatic heating exhibit better agreement with observed/reanalysis data in the NRSC experiment than in the USGS. The NRSC experiment consistently shows lower mean Direct Position Errors (DPEs) in MD tracks throughout the forecast period, with an average improvement of 45–60 km over USGS. Additionally, RMSE in surface variables like temperature, humidity, and wind is reduced by 5%–10%. This study highlights the critical role of accurate and up-to-date LULC data in numerical models for enhancing their forecast capability of MDs, particularly in regions undergoing rapid LULC changes.","PeriodicalId":49825,"journal":{"name":"Meteorological Applications","volume":"32 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/met.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Wildfire Smoke Shading Observations: Impacts on Boundary Layer Mixing and Thermally Driven Smoke Transport 野火烟雾遮阳观测：对边界层混合和热驱动烟雾输送的影响

IF 3.8 2区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024JD043303

Brian J. Carroll, Edward Strobach, Sunil Baidar, Maxwell W. Holloway, Brandi McCarty, Richard Marchbanks, W. Alan Brewer

{"title":"Wildfire Smoke Shading Observations: Impacts on Boundary Layer Mixing and Thermally Driven Smoke Transport","authors":"Brian J. Carroll, Edward Strobach, Sunil Baidar, Maxwell W. Holloway, Brandi McCarty, Richard Marchbanks, W. Alan Brewer","doi":"10.1029/2024JD043303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024JD043303","url":null,"abstract":"Smoke shading from wildfire smoke cools the surface and atmosphere below the smoke by absorbing and scattering sunlight. This has the potential to create meteorological feedback and large air quality impacts, but observations of smoke shading and induced local flows are rare. Mobile truck-based Doppler lidar observations during the California Fire Dynamics Experiment (CalFiDE) in August and September 2022 provide a novel data set of smoke shading events. The truck-based lidar conducted measurements of horizontal and vertical winds while underway, along with qualitative smoke backscatter, allowing a study of boundary layer (BL) dynamics in and out of the smoke shaded areas. An in situ temperature sensor on the truck recorded air temperature. Smoke shaded versus clear-sky temperature differences of up to 8°C were observed over 12 km along a valley floor in complex terrain. Using vertical velocity variance as a measure of turbulent mixing, smoke shading reduced BL mixing by up to two orders of magnitude, preventing the development of an afternoon convective BL in some cases. Temperature gradients also resulted in thermally driven flows wherein the cold smoky air mass undercut warmer ambient air. One density current case was observed with a strong opposing flow resulting in a convergent updraft and shear-induced vortices atop the smoke-filled density current. In another case, the flow was impeded by complex terrain resulting in a slower-moving smoke front and a temperature gradient that lagged behind the front.","PeriodicalId":15986,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres","volume":"130 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024JD043303","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Proxy System Biases partially resolve long-standing paleoclimate data-model discrepancies in Tropical East Africa 代理系统偏差部分解决了东非热带地区长期存在的古气候数据模式差异

IF 3.2 1区地球科学

Quaternary Science Reviews Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109426

Charlie Marshall , Carrie Morrill , Sylvia Dee , Yueyang Jiang , Sue Kim , James Russell

{"title":"Proxy System Biases partially resolve long-standing paleoclimate data-model discrepancies in Tropical East Africa","authors":"Charlie Marshall , Carrie Morrill , Sylvia Dee , Yueyang Jiang , Sue Kim , James Russell","doi":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.quascirev.2025.109426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paleoclimate data-model comparison is a vital tool for evaluating climate model performance and constraining predictions of climate change. Paleoclimate records provide an important out-of-sample target to test models in climates with different boundary conditions and improve model physics. General Circulation Models (GCMs) from the Paleoclimate Model Intercomparison Project (PMIP) underestimate temperature changes in tropical Africa during key periods in the past, calling into question model predictions of future climate change in this region. We compare a new suite of 8 temperature records from tropical African lakes derived from glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) to simulations of the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 21 kya) and mid-Holocene (MH, 6 kya) from PMIP3 and PMIP4, and find that there is significant proxy/model temperature disagreement during both periods; GCMs are over 2 °C cooler than proxies during the MH, and 2 °C warmer than proxies during the LGM. This could arise from issues with GCMs or the GDGT records. We use a proxy system model (PSM) to investigate multiple potential sources of proxy uncertainty, including non-stationarity in the relationship between air and lake temperature, seasonality, and calibration error. We find that proxy system error can account for significant portions of this discrepancy during the MH (up to 80%) assuming the maximum possible error for each potential source, but not during the LGM. Our findings highlight potential areas for improvement in interpretation of proxy records by explicitly modeling and quantifying uncertainty in reconstructed temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":20926,"journal":{"name":"Quaternary Science Reviews","volume":"366 ","pages":"Article 109426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144548393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tracking Ethane From Space Over a Large US Oil and Gas Region 从太空追踪美国大型油气区上空的乙烷

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025GL115286

Colby B. Francoeur, Daven K. Henze, Jian He, Scot M. Miller, Jeff Peischl, Brian C. McDonald

引用次数: 0

TECs (v1): A Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Cycle Simulator Integrated With Spectral Reflection and Emission tec (v1)：集成光谱反射和发射的陆地生态系统碳循环模拟器

IF 4.4 2区地球科学

Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024MS004673

Haoran Liu, Min Chen

{"title":"TECs (v1): A Terrestrial Ecosystem Carbon Cycle Simulator Integrated With Spectral Reflection and Emission","authors":"Haoran Liu, Min Chen","doi":"10.1029/2024MS004673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024MS004673","url":null,"abstract":"Accurately estimating carbon fluxes in terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) is of great significance for Earth system science. Using satellite observations to optimize TBMs is an effective approach to achieve this goal. Radiative transfer is the physical linkage between TBMs and satellite observations. Therefore, a sophisticated radiative transfer model in TBMs, which explicitly links satellite-observable surface reflectance to biophysical and biochemical processes within the vegetation canopy, and allows directly using remote sensing data to effectively constrain or optimize TBMs. Here, we developed the terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle simulator (TECs) with a strategic design that incorporates an advanced radiative transfer model (RTM) based on the spectral invariant theory. This model simultaneously simulates carbon fluxes and high-resolution spectral signals across optical to thermal wavelengths under any specified sun-sensor geometry. We calibrated and tested TECs simulations at the Harvard Forest (HARV) National Ecological Observation Network site using a range of ecological and satellite data. After calibrating parameters, TECs accurately simulates net ecosystem exchange (NEE) (hourly: R2 = 0.80, mean absolute error (MAE) = 1.85 μmol/m2/s; daily: R2 = 0.71, MAE = 1.25 μmol/m2/s), hyperspectral reflectance (R2: 0.85, MAE: 0.04), and land surface temperature (LST) (R2: 0.85, MAE: 3.04°C). These results demonstrate that TECs is a promising tool for enhancing terrestrial carbon flux modeling using next-generation hyperspectral observations. TECs lays a strong foundation for future integration of hyperspectral data and models to improve carbon flux predictions.","PeriodicalId":14881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems","volume":"17 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024MS004673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Timing of the Recent Migration and Intensification of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds 最近南半球西风的迁移和增强时间

IF 4.6 1区地球科学

Geophysical Research Letters Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024GL113672

Dieter R. Tetzner, Claire S. Allen, Elizabeth R. Thomas, Eric W. Wolff, Christian L. E. Franzke

{"title":"Timing of the Recent Migration and Intensification of the Southern Hemisphere Westerly Winds","authors":"Dieter R. Tetzner, Claire S. Allen, Elizabeth R. Thomas, Eric W. Wolff, Christian L. E. Franzke","doi":"10.1029/2024GL113672","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GL113672","url":null,"abstract":"In recent decades, the Southern Hemisphere westerly winds have strengthened and migrated south, attributed to greenhouse gas emissions and stratospheric ozone depletion. However, the onset and acceleration of these drivers is coincident with the start of the instrumental record, thus, hindering our ability to determine the significance of the recent trends. Here, we present a novel wind reconstruction based on marine diatoms preserved in an Antarctic Peninsula ice core, providing a unique record to reconstruct westerly winds across the Pacific sector of the Southern Ocean (SO). The annually resolved record provides clear evidence that a southward migration of the Pacific sector westerly wind belt occurred in the 1960s, coupled with a prolonged strengthening trend. The poleward shift and acceleration of the westerly winds across this SO sector is unprecedented in the context of the past 140 years and coincident with the anthropogenically induced increase in greenhouse gases and ozone depletion.","PeriodicalId":12523,"journal":{"name":"Geophysical Research Letters","volume":"52 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GL113672","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Survey of Cold Plasma Blobs in Jupiter's Magnetosphere: Evidence for Centrifugal Instabilities 木星磁层中冷等离子体斑点的调查：离心不稳定性的证据

IF 3.9 1区地球科学

Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025JE009021

Jian-zhao Wang, Fran Bagenal, Robert J. Wilson, Peter A. Delamere, Robert W. Ebert, Philip W. Valek, Frederic Allegrini, Jamey R. Szalay

{"title":"Survey of Cold Plasma Blobs in Jupiter's Magnetosphere: Evidence for Centrifugal Instabilities","authors":"Jian-zhao Wang, Fran Bagenal, Robert J. Wilson, Peter A. Delamere, Robert W. Ebert, Philip W. Valek, Frederic Allegrini, Jamey R. Szalay","doi":"10.1029/2025JE009021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025JE009021","url":null,"abstract":"In Jupiter's magnetosphere, plasma originating from Io's escaping atmosphere is radially transported outward via two modes of centrifugally driven dynamics. In flux tube interchange events from the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, the cold and dense flux tube moves outward, while hot and depleted flux tubes are injected inwards. In the ballooning mode of the firehose instability, the flux tube breaks off with bursts of plasma blobs. Both modes suggest outward transport of cold, dense plasma blobs. In this study, we survey the cold blobs, analyzing 147 events based on thermal plasma measurements from the Juno/JADE-I instrument. The cold blobs are identified by searching time-of-flight spectra for very narrow signatures in the energy distributions. Plasma parameters determined by forward modeling reveal two types of cold blob events. The first type of event, occurring outside 25 RJ, exhibits high density and fast radial velocity accompanied by magnetic nulls and mainly occurs on the dawnside, suggesting an origin from the ballooning mode. The second type of event, occurring within 35 RJ, shows simultaneous outward moving cold, dense plasma with inward moving hot, tenuous plasma with no dependence on local time, indicating flux tube interchange. Based on statistics between 15 RJ and 30 RJ, the mass transport rate of the cold blobs is estimated to be about 100 kg/s, which is insufficient to account for the plasma production rate at Io.","PeriodicalId":16101,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets","volume":"130 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144550876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A HIMU-Like Endmember Hiding in the Turkana Depression Continental Lithospheric Mantle 隐藏在图尔卡纳坳陷大陆岩石圈地幔中的himu状端元

IF 2.9 2区地球科学

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2024GC012086

Andrew R. Bollinger, Tyrone O. Rooney, Eric L. Brown, Frank C. Ramos

{"title":"A HIMU-Like Endmember Hiding in the Turkana Depression Continental Lithospheric Mantle","authors":"Andrew R. Bollinger, Tyrone O. Rooney, Eric L. Brown, Frank C. Ramos","doi":"10.1029/2024GC012086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024GC012086","url":null,"abstract":"The fate of continental lithosphere during rifting is central to the process of continental extension. The continental lithospheric mantle comprises both depleted and enriched domains that may contribute to magma generation during extension. The East African Rift System is the archetypal example of a magma-rich continental rift, with the Turkana Depression containing the most extensive temporal record of mafic magmatism. There is debate as to the contribution of continental lithosphere to this mafic magmatism, with suggestions that HIMU-like isotopic signatures, often attributed to the continental lithosphere, are derived instead from a heterogeneous mantle plume. We focus on Miocene lavas that are characterized by radiogenic 206Pb/204Pb > 19.3, requiring a contribution from an HIMU-like endmember in their origin. We present a novel two-stage chromatographic metasomatism model that demonstrates that a HIMU-like endmember can be generated through time-integrated evolution within the continental lithospheric mantle. The first model stage uses an initial composition for the metasomatizing agent equivalent to a subduction magma to generate metasomes within the continental lithosphere during the Pan-African stabilization of the regional lithosphere (∼700 Ma). During Mesozoic rifting, the second model stage simulates destabilization and melting of these initial metasomes, re-enriching the surrounding lithosphere to generate new Mesozoic metasomes. Melts of these metasomes, when combined with melts of the regional asthenosphere, are consistent with the observed trace element and isotopic signatures of Turkana Miocene lavas. These findings suggest an important role for the continental lithospheric mantle during rifting and obviate the need for a complex, heterogenous plume.","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024GC012086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metasomatism and Melting of Cordilleran Lithosphere Resulting From Sediment Relamination During Shallow Subduction 浅俯冲过程中沉积物再分层引起的科迪勒拉岩石圈的交代和熔融作用

IF 2.9 2区地球科学

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems Pub Date : 2025-07-04 DOI: 10.1029/2025GC012300

C. D. Hiett, D. L. Newell, J. W. Shervais

{"title":"Metasomatism and Melting of Cordilleran Lithosphere Resulting From Sediment Relamination During Shallow Subduction","authors":"C. D. Hiett, D. L. Newell, J. W. Shervais","doi":"10.1029/2025GC012300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2025GC012300","url":null,"abstract":"Mantle xenoliths recovered from the modern backarc region of the northern Altiplano Plateau record metasomatism by slab-derived silicic melts, and a suite of Quaternary volcanics suggest that melting of accreted crustal material has persisted since shallow subduction in the Oligocene. Xenoliths recovered from a suite of high-K andesitic lava flows include phlogopite- and calcite-rich orthopyroxenites and harzburgites, a wehrlite, and a phlogopite schist. Xenolith hosted calcite yields δ13C and δ18O values of −2.49 to +0.77‰ VPDB and +15.8 to +16.4‰ VSMOW, respectively, reflecting inputs of subducted marine carbonates in the metasomatizing melt. Arc-like trace element patterns and 87Sr/86Sr ratios further support a subduction influence. Major and trace element characteristics of Quaternary potassic basalts and intermediate alkaline lavas, with the presence of mantle xenoliths, contradict magmatic differentiation or mixing models to yield intermediate composition melts. Instead, we suggest that intermediate composition lavas are derived from the melting of sediments accreted to the base of the continental lithosphere during shallow subduction in the late Eocene-Oligocene. Melting of accreted material produces silicic alkaline melts, which react with peridotite to produce alkaline basaltic melts and residual phlogopite-orthopyroxenites. These processes explain the observed xenolith suite and local high-K basaltic volcanism, and the intermediate lavas may represent sediment melts that ascended to the surface minimally altered by exploiting the Cusco-Vilconata fault system. These observations inform mass transfers during shallow subduction and melting and metasomatism in the lithospheric mantle, with implications for the generation of alkaline magmatism and rheologic weakening in cordilleran regions globally.","PeriodicalId":50422,"journal":{"name":"Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems","volume":"26 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2025GC012300","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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