综合性期刊最新文献

{"title":"Stranded coral boulders point to a medieval tsunami in the Caribbean.","authors":"Katherine Kornei","doi":"10.1126/science.aed2825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aed2825","url":null,"abstract":"Study pinpoints likely date for a massive earthquake on the Puerto Rico Trench-and highlights an underappreciated regional hazard.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"108 1","pages":"324"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Halt China’s waste incinerator expansion","authors":"Xinhui Feng, Yan Li, Siyu Huang, Feng Li","doi":"10.1126/science.aea3724","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aea3724","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of microplastics on small-scale soil surface roughness and implications for wind transport of microplastic particles.","authors":"Annie Ockelford, Joanna Bullard, Cheryl McKenna Neuman, Patrick O'Brien","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microplastics are an anthropogenic contaminant widely recognized for their effect on marine and freshwater systems, but their terrestrial effects remain less well studied. The inclusion of microplastics in soils has the potential to affect a range of different soil properties, including bulk density, hydraulic conductivity and aggregation. Soil properties affect the susceptibility of soils to wind erosion, and it is therefore likely that where the quantity of microplastics present in soils is sufficient to change soil properties, it may also change the response of soils to wind erosion. This paper quantifies whether the presence of microplastics in sediments affects the development of small-scale soil surface roughness (SSR) properties during wind erosion, and whether there are any relationships between indices of SSR and microplastic flux due to wind erosion. Two contrasting substrates (well-sorted sand and poorly sorted soil) and two types of microplastic (polyethylene beads and polyester fibres) are used. SSR is quantified using geostatistically derived indicators calculated from high-resolution laser scans of the soil surface with and without microplastics, and before and after wind erosion simulated using a wind tunnel. Our results reveal the relative size of the microplastic to the mineral sediment is key to controlling microplastic flux.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Sedimentology of plastics: state of the art and future directions'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2307","pages":"20240446"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145346495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New head of NIH institute has close ties to JD Vance.","authors":"Jocelyn Kaiser","doi":"10.1126/science.aed2826","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aed2826","url":null,"abstract":"Unusual hiring process raises concerns about political favoritism.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"10 1","pages":"325"},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145351756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsaturated fat alters clock phosphorylation to align rhythms to the season in mice","authors":"Daniel C. Levine,&nbsp;Rasmus H. Reeh,&nbsp;Thomas McMahon,&nbsp;Thomas Mandrup-Poulsen,&nbsp;Ying-Hui Fu,&nbsp;Louis J. Ptáček","doi":"10.1126/science.adp3065","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adp3065","url":null,"abstract":"<div >The circadian clock maintains synchrony between biological processes and light/dark cycles by integrating environmental cues. How the clock adapts to seasonal variations in the environment is incompletely understood. We found that a high-fat diet increased phosphorylation of the clock protein PERIOD2 (PER2) on serine 662 (S662), which was necessary and sufficient for regulating phase shifting of daily locomotor activity to entrain to seasonal light cycles. PER2-S662 phosphorylation correlated with genome-wide expression pathways that regulate polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) conversion into oxylipins in the hypothalamus. Partial hydrogenation of dietary PUFAs increased hypothalamic PER2-S662 phosphorylation and entrainment to a summer photoperiod in control mice, but not in mice for which PER2-S662 could not be phosphorylated. PER2-S662 phosphorylation is influenced by, and alters the regulation of, unsaturated fat to control circadian phase shifting across the seasons.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust epitaxy of single-crystal transition-metal dichalcogenides on lanthanum-passivated sapphire","authors":"Xilu Zou,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhao,&nbsp;Dongxu Fan,&nbsp;Shengqiang Wu,&nbsp;Yushu Wang,&nbsp;Caiqi Zou,&nbsp;Yuliang Bian,&nbsp;Lei Liu,&nbsp;Lang Wu,&nbsp;Zhoushuo Han,&nbsp;Wenjie Sun,&nbsp;Yuefeng Nie,&nbsp;Junfeng Gao,&nbsp;Shitong Zhu,&nbsp;Yi Shi,&nbsp;Taotao Li,&nbsp;Feng Ding,&nbsp;Xinran Wang","doi":"10.1126/science.aea0849","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aea0849","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Two-dimensional (2D) transition-metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors are promising materials for beyond-silicon electronics, but the growth of single-crystalline TMDCs has been limited to small wafer sizes in laboratory settings. We report the epitaxy of 150-millimeter single-crystalline TMDC wafers on lanthanum-passivated <i>c</i>-plane sapphire. The single atomic layer of lanthanum reduces the surface symmetry and increases the energy difference between antiparallel domains by as much as 200 times, leading to unidirectional domain alignment. We grew single-crystalline molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), molybdenum diselenide (MoSe₂), tungsten disulfide (WS₂), and tungsten diselenide (WSe₂) by means of both chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and metal-organic CVD processes. Wafer-scale spectroscopies and device measurements demonstrate the exceptional quality and uniformity of 150-millimeter TMDCs, with average mobility of 110 and 131 square centimeters per volt per second for MoS₂ and WSe₂, respectively, at room temperature.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Engineering high Pockels coefficients in thin-film strontium titanate for cryogenic quantum electro-optic applications","authors":"Anja Ulrich,&nbsp;Kamal Brahim,&nbsp;Andries Boelen,&nbsp;Michiel Debaets,&nbsp;Ahmed Khalil,&nbsp;Conglin Sun,&nbsp;Yishu Huang,&nbsp;Sandeep Seema Saseendran,&nbsp;Marina Baryshnikova,&nbsp;Paola Favia,&nbsp;Thomas Nuytten,&nbsp;Stefanie Sergeant,&nbsp;Kasper Van Gasse,&nbsp;Bart Kuyken,&nbsp;Kristiaan De Greve,&nbsp;Clement Merckling,&nbsp;Christian Haffner","doi":"10.1126/science.adx3741","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adx3741","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Pockels materials are notable for their strong electro-optic interaction and rapid response times and are therefore used extensively in optical communications. However, at cryogenic temperatures, Pockels coefficients are reduced in many materials optimized for room-temperature operation, which is a major hurdle for emerging quantum technologies. Here, we show that strontium titanate (SrTiO₃) can be engineered to exhibit a Pockels coefficient of 345 picometers per volt at 20 hertz at cryogenic temperatures, a value twice as high as any other thin-film electro-optic material. By adjusting the stoichiometry, we were able to increase the Curie temperature and realize a ferroelectric phase yielding a high Pockels coefficient, so far with limited optical losses of decibels per centimeter. Our findings position SrTiO₃ as a promising material for cryogenic quantum photonics applications.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum critical electro-optic and piezo-electric nonlinearities","authors":"Christopher P. Anderson,&nbsp;Giovanni Scuri,&nbsp;Aaron Chan,&nbsp;Sungjun Eun,&nbsp;Alexander D. White,&nbsp;Geun Ho Ahn,&nbsp;Christine Jilly,&nbsp;Amir Safavi-Naeini,&nbsp;Kasper Van Gasse,&nbsp;Lu Li,&nbsp;Jelena Vučković","doi":"10.1126/science.adx8657","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adx8657","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Although electro-optic (EO) nonlinearities are essential for many quantum and classical photonics applications, a major challenge is inefficient modulation in cryogenic environments. Guided by the connection between phase transitions and nonlinearity, we identify the quantum paraelectric perovskite SrTiO₃ as a strong cryogenic EO [&gt;500 picometers per volt (pm/V)] and piezo-electric material (&gt;90 picocoulombs per newton) at <i>T </i>= 5 K, at frequencies to at least 1 megahertz. Furthermore, by tuning SrTiO₃ toward quantum criticality, we more than double the EO and piezo-electric effects, demonstrating a linear Pockels coefficient above 1000 pm/V. Our results probe the link between quantum phase transitions, dielectric susceptibility, and nonlinearity, unlocking opportunities in cryogenic optical and mechanical systems and providing a framework for discovering new nonlinear materials.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nematode telomerase RNA hitchhikes on introns of germline–up-regulated genes","authors":"Yutaka Takeda,&nbsp;Masahiro Onoguchi,&nbsp;Fumiya Ito,&nbsp;Io Yamamoto,&nbsp;Shunsuke Sumi,&nbsp;Tatsuyuki Yoshii,&nbsp;Morié Ishida,&nbsp;Eriko Kajikawa,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhang,&nbsp;Osamu Nishimura,&nbsp;Mitsutaka Kadota,&nbsp;Shunsuke Tagami,&nbsp;Takefumi Kondo,&nbsp;Hirohide Saito,&nbsp;Michiaki Hamada,&nbsp;Hiroki Shibuya","doi":"10.1126/science.ads7778","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ads7778","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that elongates telomeric DNA, ensuring germline immortality. In this study, we identified the <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> telomerase RNA component 1 (<i>terc-1</i>), as the first known telomerase RNA expressed as an intronic long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), embedded in an intron of germline–up-regulated gene <i>nmy-2</i>. <i>terc-1</i> undergoes splicing, polyadenylation, and nuclear RNA exosome–dependent maturation, stabilized by H/ACA small nucleolar ribonucleoproteins, thus co-opting the H/ACA small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) biogenesis machinery. Mutations in <i>terc-1</i> led to progressive telomere shortening and sterility in successive generations. Artificially transplanting the <i>nmy-2</i> intron into the introns of germline-expressed genes but not non–germline-expressed genes restored germline immortality, highlighting the importance of genomic context. Our findings suggest that nematode telomerase RNA is a snoRNA-like intronic lncRNA that exploits the introns of germline–up-regulated genes to ensure species survival.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Other Journals","authors":"Sarah Lemprière,&nbsp;Caroline Ash,&nbsp;Sumin Jin,&nbsp;Joana Osório,&nbsp;Bianca Lopez,&nbsp;Yury Suleymanov,&nbsp;Angela Hessler","doi":"10.1126/science.aed2502","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aed2502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.aed2502","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}