综合性期刊最新文献

{"title":"Efficient on-chip platform for coherent light-matter coupling using bound states in the continuum","authors":"Pai Zhou,&nbsp;Hui-Zhen Zhang,&nbsp;Tingmei Li,&nbsp;Zhong-Shan Zhang,&nbsp;Yu-Hui Chen,&nbsp;Xiangdong Zhang","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu0976","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adu0976","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Storing and retrieving photonic qubits are key functionalities in future optical quantum networks, and integrating scalable optical-memory units is crucial as these networks expand. However, attempts to combine silicon photonics and erbium ions for telecom memories, without losing the scalable and low-loss properties of silicon chips, face challenges because of limited light-matter interactions and potential extra decoherence. Here, we present an efficient silicon-chip platform using bound states in the continuum to overcome these limitations. In addition to a low propagation loss of 0.5 ± 0.5 decibels per centimeter, our experiments demonstrate an order-of-magnitude enhancement in light absorption compared to previous traditional silicon hybrid designs. Using these properties, we demonstrated photon echoes in our waveguide structures, revealing a coherence time of 2.6 ± 0.6 microseconds at zero magnetic field, closely matching that of bulk crystals. These characteristics make the bound state in the continuum platform a promising candidate for realizing integrated optical memories for quantum network applications.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adu0976","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A dissipation-induced superradiant transition in a strontium cavity-QED system","authors":"Eric Yilun Song,&nbsp;Diego Barberena,&nbsp;Dylan J. Young,&nbsp;Edwin Chaparro,&nbsp;Anjun Chu,&nbsp;Sanaa Agarwal,&nbsp;Zhijing Niu,&nbsp;Jeremy T. Young,&nbsp;Ana Maria Rey,&nbsp;James K. Thompson","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu5799","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adu5799","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Driven-dissipative many-body systems are ubiquitous in nature and a fundamental resource for quantum technologies. However, they are also complex and hard to model because they cannot be described by the standard tools in equilibrium statistical mechanics. Probing nonequilibrium critical phenomena in pristine setups can illuminate fresh perspectives on these systems. Here, we use an ensemble of cold ⁸⁸Sr atoms coupled to a driven high-finesse cavity to study the cooperative resonance fluorescence (CRF) model, a classic driven-dissipative model describing coherently driven dipoles superradiantly emitting light. We observe its nonequilibrium phase diagram characterized by a second-order phase transition. Below a critical drive strength, the atoms quickly reach the so-called superradiant steady state featuring a macroscopic dipole moment; above the critical point, the atoms undergo persistent Rabi-like oscillations. At longer times, spontaneous emission transforms the second-order transition into a discontinuous first-order transition. Our observations pave the way for harnessing robust entangled states and exploring boundary time crystals in driven-dissipative systems.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adu5799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain feature maps reveal progressive animal-feature representations in the ventral stream","authors":"Zhanqi Zhang,&nbsp;Till S. Hartmann,&nbsp;Richard T. Born,&nbsp;Margaret S. Livingstone,&nbsp;Carlos R. Ponce","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adq7342","DOIUrl":"10.1126/sciadv.adq7342","url":null,"abstract":"<div >What are the fundamental principles that inform representation in the primate visual brain? While objects have become an intuitive framework for studying neurons in many parts of cortex, it is possible that neurons follow a more expressive organizational principle, such as encoding generic features present across textures, places, and objects. In this study, we used multielectrode arrays to record from neurons in the early (V1/V2), middle (V4), and later [posterior inferotemporal (PIT) cortex] areas across the visual hierarchy, estimating each neuron’s local operation across natural scene via “heatmaps.” We found that, while populations of neurons with foveal receptive fields across V1/V2, V4, and PIT responded over the full scene, they focused on salient subregions within object outlines. Notably, neurons preferentially encoded animal features rather than general objects, with this trend strengthening along the visual hierarchy. These results show that the monkey ventral stream is partially organized to encode local animal features over objects, even as early as primary visual cortex.</div>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"11 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/sciadv.adq7342","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantum reservoir probing of quantum phase transitions","authors":"Kaito Kobayashi, Yukitoshi Motome","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-58751-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58751-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Quantum phase transitions are highly remarkable phenomena manifesting in quantum many-body systems. However, their precise identifications in equilibrium systems pose significant theoretical and experimental challenges. Thus far, dynamical detection protocols employing global quantum quenches have been proposed, wherein transitions are discerned via global nonequilibrium excitations. In this work, we demonstrate that quantum phase transitions can be detected through localized out-of-equilibrium excitations induced by local quantum quenches. While the resulting dynamics after the quench is influenced by both the local quench operation and the intrinsic dynamics of the quantum system, the effects of the former are exclusively extracted using the cutting-edge framework called quantum reservoir probing (QRP). Through the QRP, we find that the impacts of the local quenches vary across different quantum phases and are significantly suppressed by quantum fluctuations amplified near quantum critical points; consequently, phase boundaries are precisely delineated. We demonstrate that the QRP can detect quantum phase transitions in the paradigmatic integrable and nonintegrable quantum spin systems, and even topological quantum phase transitions, all within the identical framework employing local quantum quenches and single-site observables.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chern networks: reconciling fundamental physics and device engineering","authors":"Matthew J. Gilbert","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-59162-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59162-x","url":null,"abstract":"A rift has occurred within the scientific community between two formerly close-knit fields: condensed matter physics and electronic device engineering. What started as a union to understand the fundamental optical and electrical properties of semiconductors has been split by divergent interests. While the partnership has produced revolutionary changes in the way that information is processed and consumed by an increasingly interconnected society, now the two disciplines rarely speak to one another. As the years have passed, condensed matter physics has become enamored with delicate electronic effects in increasingly complex materials and geometries to the detriment of realistic applications. Meanwhile, device engineering has remained steadfastly focused on room-temperature performance and overall efficiency, prizing incremental improvement over potential disruptive advances using alternative materials and physics. Recent advances in topological electronic systems—in particular those exploiting Chern insulators—while elegant, prompt a necessary reexamination of the device engineering needs and the associated metrics with the goal of establishing a commonality within the blooming field of topological electronics. The purpose of this Comment is to initiate such a reexamination in the hopes that, with a better understanding of future device needs, perhaps the two areas may reunite to usher in the next electronic revolution via the use of topological phenomena.","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My ‘woke DEI’ grant has been flagged for scrutiny. Where do I go from here?","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-01218-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-01218-5","url":null,"abstract":"My work in making artificial intelligence fair has been noticed by US officials intent on ending ‘class warfare propaganda’.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"262 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dissociable encoding of evolving beliefs and momentary belief updates in distinct neural decision signals","authors":"Elisabet Parés-Pujolràs, Simon P. Kelly, Peter R. Murphy","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-58861-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58861-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Making accurate decisions in noisy environments requires integrating evidence over time. Studies of simple perceptual decisions in static environments have identified two human neurophysiological signals that evolve with similar integration dynamics, with one - the centroparietal positivity - appearing to compute the running integral and continuously feed it to the other - motor beta lateralisation. However, it remains unknown whether and how these signals serve more distinct functional roles in more complex scenarios. Here, we use a volatile expanded judgement task that dissociates raw sensory information, belief updates, and the evolving belief itself. We find that motor beta lateralisation traces the evolving belief across stimuli, while the centroparietal positivity locally encodes the belief updates associated with each individual stimulus. These results suggest a flexible computational hierarchy where context-dependent belief updates can be computed sample-by-sample at an intermediate processing level to modify downstream belief representations for protracted decisions about discrete stimuli.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm architecture determines the dissemination of conjugative plasmids","authors":"Sarah Djermoun, Daniel K. H. Rode, Eva Jiménez-Siebert, Niklas Netter, Christian Lesterlin, Knut Drescher, Sarah Bigot","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2417452122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2417452122","url":null,"abstract":"Plasmid conjugation is a contact-dependent horizontal gene transfer mechanism that significantly contributes to the dissemination of antibiotic resistance among bacteria. While the molecular mechanisms of conjugation have been extensively studied, our understanding of plasmid transfer dynamics within spatially structured bacterial communities and the influence of community architecture on plasmid dissemination remains limited. In this study, we use live-cell fluorescence microscopy to investigate the propagation of the broad host range RP4 conjugative plasmid in <jats:italic>Escherichia coli</jats:italic> populations exhibiting varying levels of spatial organization. In high-density, two-dimensional cell monolayers, direct and tight contact between donors and recipients is not only necessary but also sufficient to trigger RP4 plasmid transfer, ensuring optimal plasmid propagation. In three-dimensional mature biofilms, the emergent community architecture limits the ability of donor cells to enter regions with high cell density, which hinders the establishment of direct contacts with recipients and impedes plasmid transfer in biofilms. In contrast, microcolonies, early-stage biofilms, and biofilms with a lower surface coverage leave open access points for donor cells in regions that later emerge as high-cell-density regions in mature biofilms, which facilitates plasmid transfer. These findings reveal the crucial role of bacterial community architecture in determining the efficiency of plasmid dissemination.","PeriodicalId":20548,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":11.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-cell RNA sequencing dissects the immunosuppressive signatures in Helicobacter pylori-infected human gastric ecosystem","authors":"Wei Hu, Ze Min Chen, Ying Wang, Chao Yang, Zi Ying Wu, Li Juan You, Zhi Yong Zhai, Zhao Yu Huang, Ping Zhou, Si Lin Huang, Xia Xi Li, Gen Hua Yang, Chong Ju Bao, Xiao Bing Cui, Gui Li Xia, Mei Ping Ou Yang, Lin Zhang, William Ka Kei Wu, Long Fei Li, Li Kai Tan, Yu Xuan Zhang, Wei Gong","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-59339-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-59339-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Helicobacter pylori</i> (<i>H. pylori</i>) manipulates the host immune system to establish a persistent colonization, posing a serious threat to human health, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here we integrate single-cell RNA sequencing and TCR profiling for analyzing 187,192 cells from 11 <i>H. pylori</i>-negative and 12 <i>H. pylori</i>-positive individuals to describe the human gastric ecosystem reprogrammed by <i>H. pylori</i> infection, as manifested by impaired antigen presentation and phagocytosis function. We further delineate a monocyte-to-C1QC⁺ macrophage differentiation trajectory driven by <i>H. pylori</i> infection, while T cell responses exhibit broad functional impairment and hyporesponsiveness with restricted clonal expansion capacity. We also identify an HLA-DRs- and CTLA4-expressing T cell population residing in <i>H. pylori</i>-inhabited stomach that potentially contribute to immune evasion. Together, our findings provide single-cell resolution information into the immunosuppressive microenvironment shaped by <i>H. pylori</i> infection, offering critical insights for developing novel therapeutic approaches to eliminate this globally prevalent pathogen.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audio long read: Do smartphones and social media really harm teens’ mental health?","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-025-01310-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-025-01310-w","url":null,"abstract":"Listen to an audio version of a recent Nature Feature.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143872529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}