综合性期刊最新文献

{"title":"Satellite monitoring of long period ocean-induced magnetic field variations.","authors":"Christopher C Finlay, Jakub Velímský, Clemens Kloss, Rasmus M Blangsbøll","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Satellite magnetic field observations have the potential to provide valuable information on dynamics, heat content and salinity throughout the ocean. Here, we present the expected spatio-temporal characteristics of the ocean-induced magnetic field (OIMF) at satellite altitude on periods of months to decades. We compare these to the characteristics of other sources of Earth's magnetic field, and discuss whether it is feasible for the OIMF to be retrieved and routinely monitored from space. We focus on large length scales (spherical harmonic degrees up to 30) and periods from one month up to 5 years. To characterize the expected ocean signal, we make use of advanced numerical simulations taking high-resolution oceanographic inputs and solve the magnetic induction equation in three dimensions, including galvanic coupling and self-induction effects. We find the time-varying ocean-induced signal dominates over the primary source of the internal field, the core dynamo, at high spherical harmonic degree with the cross-over taking place at degrees 13-19 depending on the considered period. The ionospheric and magnetospheric fields (including their Earth-induced counterparts) have most power on periods shorter than one month and are expected to be mostly zonal in magnetic coordinates at satellite altitude. Based on these findings, we discuss future prospects for isolating and monitoring long period OIMF variations using data collected by present and upcoming magnetic survey satellites.This article is part of the theme issue 'Magnetometric remote sensing of Earth and planetary oceans'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"382 2286","pages":"20240077"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608848/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On detecting and characterizing planetary oceans in the solar system using a distance-based ensemble modelling approach: application to the Uranus system.","authors":"C J Cochrane, S D Vance, J B Biersteker, M J Styczinski, B Weiss","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discovery of Europa's subsurface ocean has spawned a strong desire by the planetary community to return and assess the ocean's habitability using the magnetic induction signal that Europa generates. NASA has since formulated and developed the <i>Europa Clipper</i> mission with that same goal, anticipating its arrival in the Jovian system in the early 2030s. In parallel, ESA has developed the <i>JUpiter Icy moons Explorer</i> mission to further investigate the interior of Ganymede and other Jovian moons, scheduled to arrive approximately one year later. As a result, extensive work has now been devoted to developing and refining methods to analyse magnetic induction measurements with the goal of characterizing oceans within icy moons, including those in the Neptune and Uranus systems, which are ideal laboratories for such investigations. We present one such method, involving a distance-based inverse and forward modelling approach that leverages self-consistent interior models used to infer ocean and ice-shell properties of various moons that respond inductively to the dynamic magnetic environments in which they reside. We demonstrate the method on a hypothetical ocean within Umbriel, showing the ocean thickness and conductivity constraints that can be inferred from a Monte Carlo error analysis using a three-flyby mission concept.This article is part of the theme issue 'Magnetometric remote sensing of Earth and planetary oceans'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"382 2286","pages":"20240086"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608824/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142769965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical oceanographic factors controlling the ocean circulation-induced magnetic field.","authors":"David S Trossman, Robert H Tyler, Helen R Pillar","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0076","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oceanic tidal constituents and depth-integrated electrical conductivity (ocean conductivity content, or OCC) extracted from electromagnetic (EM) field data are known to have a strong potential for monitoring ocean heat content, which reflects the Earth's energy imbalance. In comparison to ocean tide models, realistic ocean general circulation models have a greater need to be baroclinic; therefore, both OCC and depth-integrated conductivity-weighted velocity ([Formula: see text]) data are required to calculate the ocean circulation-induced magnetic field (OCIMF). Owing to a lack of [Formula: see text] observations, we calculate the OCIMF using an ocean state estimate. There are significant trends in the OCIMF primarily owing to responses in the velocities to external forcings and the warming influence on OCC between 1993 and 2017, particularly in the Southern Ocean. Despite being depth-integrated quantities, OCC and [Formula: see text] (which primarily determine the OCIMF in an idealized EM model) can provide a strong constraint on the baroclinic velocities and ocean mixing parameters when assimilated into an ocean state estimation framework. A hypothetical fleet of full-depth EM-capable floats would therefore help improve the accuracy of the OCIMF computed with an ocean state estimate, which could potentially provide valuable guidance on how to extract the OCIMF from satellite magnetometry observations.This article is part of the theme issue 'Magnetometric remote sensing of Earth and planetary oceans'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"382 2286","pages":"20240076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11608827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142770881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of tsunami direction and horizontal velocity field from tsunami magnetic field.","authors":"Zhiheng Lin","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0083","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During tsunamis, the interaction between moving seawater and the Earth's magnetic field generates a magnetic field detectable by electromagnetic sensors located on land or on the seafloor. In this study, we introduce new methods for estimating tsunami propagation direction and horizontal velocity fields using tsunami magnetic field data. We derive a transfer function that establishes a relationship between the tsunami magnetic field and the velocity field, emphasizing the alignment between the horizontal magnetic field and the tsunami's propagation direction. This transfer function was validated with data from the 2009 Samoa and 2010 Chile tsunamis. Our findings show that tsunami horizontal velocities and directions can be accurately determined from these magnetic fields. This advancement enables the use of tsunami magnetic fields to provide comprehensive data for tsunami warning systems and to improve the inversion of tsunami seismic sources.This article is part of the theme issue 'Magnetometric remote sensing of Earth and planetary oceans'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"382 2286","pages":"20240083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142771296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: In vivo imaging in mouse spinal cord reveals that microglia prevent degeneration of injured axons","authors":"Wanjie Wu, Yingzhu He, Yujun Chen, Yiming Fu, Sicong He, Kai Liu, Jianan Y. Qu","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-55357-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-55357-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Correction to: <i>Nature Communications</i> https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53218-0, published online 13 October 2024</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of anthropogenic forcing in Antarctic sea ice variability simulated in climate models","authors":"Yushi Morioka, Liping Zhang, William Cooke, Masami Nonaka, Swadhin K. Behera, Syukuro Manabe","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-54485-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54485-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Antarctic sea ice extent has seen a slight increase over recent decades, yet since 2016, it has undergone a sharp decline, reaching record lows. While the precise impact of anthropogenic forcing remains uncertain, natural fluctuations have been shown to be important for this variability. Our study employs a series of coupled model experiments, revealing that with constant anthropogenic forcing, the primary driver of interannual sea ice variability lies in deep convection within the Southern Ocean, although it is model dependent. However, as anthropogenic forcing increases, the influence of deep convection weakens, and the Southern Annular Mode, an atmospheric intrinsic variability, plays a more significant role in the sea ice fluctuations owing to the shift from a zonal wavenumber-three pattern observed in the historical period. These model results indicate that surface air-sea interaction will play a more prominent role in Antarctic sea ice variability in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":19066,"journal":{"name":"Nature Communications","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meeting metformin again for the first time.","authors":"Douglas R Green","doi":"10.1126/sciadv.adu7436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adu7436","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>New evidence convincingly shows that metformin, a drug that reduces circulating glucose, acts by inhibiting mitochondrial complex I.</p>","PeriodicalId":21609,"journal":{"name":"Science Advances","volume":"10 51","pages":"eadu7436"},"PeriodicalIF":11.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142855529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"I create routes through trees to help stop howler monkeys being electrocuted by power lines","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-024-04170-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-04170-y","url":null,"abstract":"Inés Azofeifa Rojas monitors troop behaviour to maintain canopy connectivity.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"90 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behind the scenes of Nature News and Views in 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-024-04246-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-04246-9","url":null,"abstract":"Listen to our reporters’ podcast highlights of 2024.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"That Christmas jumper is a marvel of complicated physics","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/d41586-024-04173-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-04173-9","url":null,"abstract":"Models and experiments demonstrate what happens when a knitted fabric is deformed.","PeriodicalId":18787,"journal":{"name":"Nature","volume":"83 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":64.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142857875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}