综合性期刊最新文献

{"title":"Heat-driven functional extinction of Caribbean Acropora corals from Florida’s Coral Reef","authors":"Derek P. Manzello,&nbsp;Ross Cunning,&nbsp;Richard F. Karp,&nbsp;Andrew C. Baker,&nbsp;Erich Bartels,&nbsp;Ryan Bonhag,&nbsp;Alexandra Borreil,&nbsp;Amanda Bourque,&nbsp;Kristen T. Brown,&nbsp;Andrew W. Bruckner,&nbsp;Bryce Corbett,&nbsp;Martine D’Alessandro,&nbsp;Craig Dahlgren,&nbsp;Jenna Dilworth,&nbsp;Erick Geiger,&nbsp;David S. Gilliam,&nbsp;Maya Gomez,&nbsp;Grace Hanson,&nbsp;Cailin Harrell,&nbsp;Dalton Hesley,&nbsp;Lindsay K. Huebner,&nbsp;Carly D. Kenkel,&nbsp;Hanna R. Koch,&nbsp;Joe Kuehl,&nbsp;Ilsa B. Kuffner,&nbsp;Mark C. Ladd,&nbsp;Sophia Lee,&nbsp;Kathryn C. Lesneski,&nbsp;Amanda Lewan,&nbsp;Diego Lirman,&nbsp;Gang Liu,&nbsp;Shayle B. Matsuda,&nbsp;Phanor H. Montoya-Maya,&nbsp;Jennifer Moore,&nbsp;Erinn M. Muller,&nbsp;Ken Nedimyer,&nbsp;John Everett Parkinson,&nbsp;Rob Ruzicka,&nbsp;Jason Spadaro,&nbsp;Blake L. Spady,&nbsp;Jennifer Stein,&nbsp;Joseph D. Unsworth,&nbsp;Cory Walter,&nbsp;Alexandra D. E. Wen,&nbsp;Dana E. Williams,&nbsp;Sara D. Williams,&nbsp;Olivia M. Williamson","doi":"10.1126/science.adx7825","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adx7825","url":null,"abstract":"<div >In 2023, a record-setting marine heat wave triggered the ninth mass coral bleaching event on Florida’s Coral Reef (FCR). We examined spatial patterns of heat exposure along the ~560-kilometer length of FCR and the mortality of two ecologically important, critically endangered reef-building corals. Sea surface temperatures were ≥31°C for an average of 40.7 days, leading to heat exposures 2.2- to fourfold higher than all prior years on record. In the Florida Keys and Dry Tortugas, 97.8 to 100% of the <i>Acropora palmata</i> and <i>Acropora cervicornis</i> colonies died. Mortality was lower offshore southeast Florida (37.9%), reflecting cooler temperatures in this region. Since the late 1970s, multiple stressors had already reduced the ecological relevance of <i>Acropora</i> in Florida, but the 2023 heat wave marks their functional extinction from FCR.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient origin of an urban underground mosquito","authors":"Yuki Haba,&nbsp;PipPop Consortium,&nbsp;Petra Korlević,&nbsp;Erica McAlister,&nbsp;Mara K. N. Lawniczak,&nbsp;Molly Schumer,&nbsp;Noah H. Rose,&nbsp;Carolyn S. McBride","doi":"10.1126/science.ady4515","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ady4515","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Understanding how life is adapting to urban environments represents an important challenge in evolutionary biology. In this work, we investigate a widely cited example of urban adaptation, <i>Culex pipiens</i> form <i>molestus</i>, also known as the London Underground mosquito. Population genomic analysis of ~350 contemporary and historical samples counters the popular hypothesis that <i>molestus</i> originated belowground in London &lt;200 years ago. Instead, we show that <i>molestus</i> first adapted to human environments aboveground in the Mediterranean or Middle East over the course of more than 1000 years, possibly in association with ancient agricultural civilizations of the Middle East. Our results highlight the role of early human society in priming taxa for contemporary urban evolution. They also provide insight into whether and how <i>molestus</i> contributes to West Nile virus transmission in modern cities.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.science.org/doi/reader/10.1126/science.ady4515","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging the gap: a review on the interaction between (micro)plastics and climate change.","authors":"João Costa","doi":"10.1098/rsta.2024.0501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2024.0501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change and microplastic pollution are two of the most pressing environmental issues of our time. Both have far-reaching effects on ecosystems, human health and global biodiversity. Climate change, driven by the increase in greenhouse gases (GHGs), leads to rising temperatures, altered weather patterns and ocean acidification, which can exacerbate the distribution and effects of microplastics. Microplastics, plastic particles less than 5 mm in size, originate from a variety of sources, including the breakdown of larger plastic debris, microbeads and synthetic fibers. These particles are pervasive in marine, freshwater and terrestrial ecosystems, posing significant risks to wildlife and human health. Emerging research highlights intricate interactions between climate change and microplastics. Elevated temperatures may accelerate plastic degradation, while extreme weather events can enhance microplastic transport and distribution across environments. These dynamics may disrupt critical processes like carbon sequestration, potentially affecting global carbon cycles. Understanding the interplay between these two environmental stressors is crucial for developing effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on the link between climate change and microplastics, highlight key mechanisms and pathways, and identify gaps in the existing research, providing a comprehensive overview of their potential synergistic effects, while, simultaneously, offering recommendations for future research and policy development.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Sedimentology of plastics: state of the art and future directions'.</p>","PeriodicalId":19879,"journal":{"name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences","volume":"383 2307","pages":"20240501"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145346513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaccinations for all","authors":"Arthur Caplan","doi":"10.1126/science.aea2464","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aea2464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of the distribution of nuclear magnetization in a molecule","authors":"S. G. Wilkins,&nbsp;S. M. Udrescu,&nbsp;M. Athanasakis-Kaklamanakis,&nbsp;R. F. Garcia Ruiz,&nbsp;M. Au,&nbsp;I. Belošević,&nbsp;R. Berger,&nbsp;M. L. Bissell,&nbsp;A. A. Breier,&nbsp;A. J. Brinson,&nbsp;K. Chrysalidis,&nbsp;T. E. Cocolios,&nbsp;R. P. de Groote,&nbsp;A. Dorne,&nbsp;K. T. Flanagan,&nbsp;S. Franchoo,&nbsp;K. Gaul,&nbsp;S. Geldhof,&nbsp;T. F. Giesen,&nbsp;D. Hanstorp,&nbsp;R. Heinke,&nbsp;T. Isaev,&nbsp;Á. Koszorús,&nbsp;S. Kujanpää,&nbsp;L. Lalanne,&nbsp;G. Neyens,&nbsp;M. Nichols,&nbsp;H. A. Perrett,&nbsp;J. R. Reilly,&nbsp;L. V. Skripnikov,&nbsp;S. Rothe,&nbsp;B. van den Borne,&nbsp;Q. Wang,&nbsp;J. Wessolek,&nbsp;X. F. Yang,&nbsp;C. Zülch","doi":"10.1126/science.adm7717","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adm7717","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Precise experimental control and interrogation of molecules and calculations of their structure are enriching the investigation of nuclear and particle physics phenomena. Molecules containing heavy, octupole-deformed nuclei, such as radium, are of particular interest. Here, we report precision laser spectroscopy measurements and theoretical calculations of the structure of the radioactive radium monofluoride molecule ²²⁵Ra¹⁹F. Our results reveal fine details of the short-range electron-nucleus interaction, indicating the high sensitivity of this molecule to the distribution of magnetization, within the radium nucleus. These results provide a stringent test of the description of the electronic wave function inside the nuclear volume, highlighting the suitability of these molecules for investigating subatomic phenomena.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban pests traveled with ancient humans","authors":"Jason Munshi-South,&nbsp;Ann Evankow","doi":"10.1126/science.aec1986","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.aec1986","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Humans have coevolved with many species of insects since prehistoric times. Nobelist Karl von Frisch, famous for deciphering the honey bee waggle dance, opined that people hardly notice these fascinating “little housemates” until they become vexatious pests (<i>1</i>). One such insect, a common urban mosquito, became a feature of life during World War II for people sheltering in London subway tunnels to avoid German Blitz bombings. This “London Underground mosquito” continues to bite humans in Western European and North American subways today. On page 355 of this issue, Haba <i>et al</i>. (<i>2</i>) report that this mosquito, <i>Culex pipiens</i> form <i>molestus</i>, has a backstory with humans that dates to ancient Middle Eastern settlements. Their work buries a popular idea that <i>molestus</i> evolved recently from surface populations to take advantage of urban infrastructure.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145342035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duck-billed dinosaur fleshy midline and hooves reveal terrestrial clay-template “mummification”","authors":"Paul C. Sereno, Evan T. Saitta, Daniel Vidal, Nathan Myhrvold, María Ciudad Real, Stephanie L. Baumgart, Lauren L. Bop, Tyler M. Keillor, Marcus Eriksen, Kraig Derstler","doi":"10.1126/science.adw3536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adw3536","url":null,"abstract":"Two “mummies” of the end-Cretaceous, duck-billed dinosaur <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Edmontosaurus annectens</jats:italic> preserve a fleshy crest over the neck and trunk, an interdigitating spike row over the hips and tail, and hooves capping the toes of the hind feet. A battery of tests shows that all the fossilized integument (skin, spike, hoof) are preserved as a thin (&lt; 1mm) clay template that formed on the surface of a buried carcass during decay prior to loss of all soft tissues and organic compounds. Unlike the underlying permineralized skeletal bone, the integument renderings of these “dinosaur mummies” are preserved as a thin external clay mask, a templating process documented previously only in anoxic marine settings.","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":56.9,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear wave dynamics on a chip","authors":"Matthew T. Reeves,&nbsp;Walter W. Wasserman,&nbsp;Raymond A. Harrison,&nbsp;Igor Marinković,&nbsp;Nicole Luu,&nbsp;Andreas Sawadsky,&nbsp;Yasmine L. Sfendla,&nbsp;Glen I. Harris,&nbsp;Warwick P. Bowen,&nbsp;Christopher G. Baker","doi":"10.1126/science.ady3042","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.ady3042","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Shallow-water waves are a notable example of nonlinear hydrodynamics, giving rise to phenomena such as tsunamis and undular waves. These dynamics are typically studied in hundreds-of-meters-long wave flumes. In this work, we demonstrate a chip-scale wave flume, which exploits nanometer-thick superfluid helium films and optomechanical interactions to achieve nonlinearities surpassing those of extreme terrestrial flows. Measurements reveal wave steepening, shock fronts, and solitary wave fission—nonlinear behaviors predicted in superfluid helium but never directly observed. Our approach enables lithography-defined wave flume geometries, optomechanical control of hydrodynamic properties, and orders-of-magnitude faster measurements than terrestrial flumes. This approach combining quantum fluids and nanophotonics provides a platform to explore complex wave dynamics at the microscale.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasion impacts in terrestrial ecosystems: Global patterns and predictors","authors":"Madhav P. Thakur,&nbsp;Zhizhuang Gu,&nbsp;Mark van Kleunen,&nbsp;Xuhui Zhou","doi":"10.1126/science.adq3101","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adq3101","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Biological invasions can alter ecosystems, yet their impacts vary across ecological contexts. Using a global meta-analysis of 775 studies (2223 effect sizes) in terrestrial systems, we show that the most consistent negative impacts are reductions in native plant diversity caused by invasive plants and increases in greenhouse gas emissions driven by both invasive plants and animals. However, evidence of publication bias suggests the latter should be interpreted with caution. Invader residence time emerged as a key predictor: Longer residence times intensified the negative effects of invasive plants on native diversity, whereas impacts on soil abiotic properties tended to weaken over time. Our synthesis reveals that some properties, such as native plant diversity, remain persistently sensitive to invasion, whereas others are more variable as invasions persist.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drought-induced peatland carbon loss exacerbated by elevated CO2 and warming","authors":"Quan Quan,&nbsp;Jian Zhou,&nbsp;Paul J. Hanson,&nbsp;Daniel Ricciuto,&nbsp;Stephen D. Sebestyen,&nbsp;David J. Weston,&nbsp;Jeffrey P. Chanton,&nbsp;Rachel M. Wilson,&nbsp;Joel E. Kostka,&nbsp;Yu Zhou,&nbsp;Ning Wei,&nbsp;Lifen Jiang,&nbsp;Melanie A. Mayes,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Stelling,&nbsp;Andrew D. Richardson,&nbsp;Mirindi Eric Dusenge,&nbsp;Danielle Way,&nbsp;Jeffrey M. Warren,&nbsp;Yiqi Luo","doi":"10.1126/science.adv7104","DOIUrl":"10.1126/science.adv7104","url":null,"abstract":"<div >Extreme drought events are predicted to increase with climate change, yet their impacts on ecosystem carbon dynamics under warming and elevated carbon dioxide (eCO₂) remain unclear. In a peatland experiment with five warming treatments each under ambient carbon dioxide (aCO₂) and eCO₂ (+500 parts per million), a 2-month extreme drought in 2021 reduced net ecosystem productivity by 444.0 ± 65.8 and 736.6 ± 57.8 grams of carbon per square meter at +9°C under aCO₂ and eCO₂, respectively—228.6 ± 56.8% and 381.9 ± 83.4% of the reduction at +0°C under aCO₂. This exacerbation was driven by warming-induced water table decline, prolonged low water tables, and CO₂-enhanced substrate availability through increased plant carbon inputs. Findings indicate that future climate will greatly amplify carbon loss during extreme drought, reinforcing positive carbon-climate feedbacks.</div>","PeriodicalId":21678,"journal":{"name":"Science","volume":"390 6771","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":45.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145339479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"综合性期刊","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}