The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea最新文献

{"title":"The Place Called Refugee: Alfonso Cuarón’s Neighbor-Love Project","authors":"Hee-won Kang","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"This essay attempts to read Alfonso Cuarón’s Children of Men, using as a guiding thread of analysis what Kenneth Reinhard and Eric Santner elaborate with regard to the concept of the neighbor. Reinhard argues that the politics of Carl Schmitt, which brings to the foreground the sovereign exception and the friend-enemy opposition, should be supplemented by the ethical import of the neighbor. To shed a light on the ethical dimension implied in the neighbor, Reinhard redirects our attention to what Jacques Lacan calls the logic of the not-all. Reinhard’s attempt to consider the commandment of neighbor-love in relation to the logic of the not-all takes us a step further in the direction of rethinking the concept of miracle articulated by Santner. Santner insists that a miracle happens when we are addressed by the lack within the socio-symbolic edifice and we, in some fashion, respond to this calling. For both Reinhard and Santner, the concept of the neighbor actually amounts to the interruption or suspension of the state of exception as defined by Schmitt. The topos of the neighbor, as the interruption of the state of exception, is exemplified in the character of Kee in Children of Men. Kee, as a miraculously pregnant refugee, serves as the interstitial space that remains irreducible to the very opposition of British citizen and refugee. This enables us to interpret the encounter between Kee and Theo as the situation where Theo responds to Kee’s uncanny calling. In this connection, the Human Project can be said to have already been put into practice by a series of refugees who, within the Bexhill refugee camp, are answerable to Kee.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126651500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"비이원성의 미학: 진정한 초월, 감지할 수 없는 타자, 그리고 영화","authors":"Jae-seong Lee","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.3.291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.3.291","url":null,"abstract":"This paper develops the aesthetics of nonduality mainly with Deleuze’s “transcendental ontology” and Levinas’s poststructural “ethics.” Although Deleuze (and Felix Guattari) and Levinas’s thoughts were nourished in different philosophical lines, their ideas seem to be actually the closest ones in contemporary Western world. Deleuze’s notions of pure “desire,” “becoming,” and “affect” are very similar to Levinas’s ethical explication of “metaphysical desire” and “enjoyment.” Then Mahayana Buddhism is also brought not only to support but to complete the traits of “nonduality.” This paper begins with their views that are in contrast to binary opposition and the stable “transcendence” that had been the central idea in the tradition of Western metaphysics. Then it is argued in various ways that Deleuze actually explicates the same realm as Levinas elaborates in terms of genuine transcendence. Then I discuss Joker, the 2020 Oscar and the Golden Lion (the grand prize at the Venice Film Festival given to the film with the highest artistic value) winning film. Joker is one of the most shocking and self-deconstructive films from the perspective of truly poststructural meanings of nonduality. The aesthetic role of the violence in the film is discussed in great detail. I hope this interdisciplinary study would contribute to the development of critical theory of the present age.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121778453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enacting a Self-limiting Practice of Cultural Translation on the Part of First World Intellectuals in Judith Butler’s Precarious Life","authors":"S. Lee","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.121","url":null,"abstract":"This paper carefully examines Judith Butler's ideological change after Gender Trouble through reading Precarious Life. The issue of sexual autonomy emphasized in Gender Trouble is extended to thinking about relationality in Precarious Life. Even the progressive content of freedom can be violent if it is contained in a single universality that does not consider speaker’s position. \u0000This is Butler's cognitive change that demanding liberation itself cannot be understood outside of the speaker's position or relationship with others. The encounter with others due to the 9/11 incident and the American reaction to it act as a decisive moment that brought about this cognitive shift. The United States, as the First World, waged war in the name of ‘freedom’ and ‘progression’, excluding others called Islam. Precarious Life is a text that contains Butler's thoughts and reflections on her position as a first-world intellectual. How can the demand for freedom be contained in the competition between various cultural contexts and multiple cultural norms rather than a single universality? To answer this question, Butler reconstructs universality in terms of cultural translation. The universality including cultural translation is not acknowledging the diversity of each position, but is a process of breaking down the sovereign status of the subject by understanding the alterity essential to the formation of the self. This is not a process of inclusion or assimilation, but a change in the normative system of both languages. Butler explains this process of translation as ecstatic relationality. Ecstatic relationality goes beyond simple emotional empathy and shows that the other is at the root of the composition of the subject, and that we are all dependent on the social system. \u0000Butler criticizes the norms that dehumanize the other by not responding to the other's address, and argues for breaking down the privileged status of the people in the first world. The ethical responsibility shown in Precarious Life is the process of cultural translation as a self-limiting practice to change the norms of her place as a first-world intellectual.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"158 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134294299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Possibility for an Egalitarian Imaginary in Toni Morrison’s Paradise","authors":"Hyejin Kim, Hyunjun Cho","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.33","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores how Morrison’s Paradise delineates “a new space” of a possible resistance for the socially vulnerable in race and gender in terms of Butler’s concept of “an egalitarian imaginary.” The “egalitarian imaginary” seeks to achieve equal conditions of livability and grievablity, essential tothe determination of social equality. Both livability and grievability are the fundamental conditions to build social bonds grounded on interdependency and practice the force of nonviolence against the structural and physical violence. In Paradise the two communities, Ruby and the Convent, are the social abjects who search for a possible home to guarantee freedom and safety. Ruby, the black-only community, desires to fortify their “Paradise” based on reversed hierarchy of skin color and exclusion only to reveal that they are to justify structural violence. On the contrary, the Convent, though it was a mere group of social outcasts at first, emerges to an open space which enables the women to build social bonds by sharing their past trauma, searching for a possibility of livable lives, and claiming equal grievability on their deaths. Paradise presents the force of nonviolence derived from social bonds based on human interdependency that insists the equal claim to livable and grievable lives, thereby suggesting an unrealistic yet manageable vision of “an egalitarian imaginary.”","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127944251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agamben’s Language and Politics: from Exception to Paradigm","authors":"Jakwang Gu","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to do research on Giorgio Agamben’s efforts to recover language, ethics and politics based on Plato’s paradigm against language, ethics and politics of Aristotle’s gramma: letter that has dominated Western thoughts. In Plato’s paradigm syntagma, ‘a thing the thing itself,’ ‘the thing itself’ as ipseity of a thing referring to self-reference of a thing indicates the birth of linguistic being of a thing. The essence in paradigm is ‘exclusive inclusion’ through inoperativity. With an exclusion of a thing, not only a thing but also its class which it belongs to will be exposed. By rendering ‘a thing’ inoperative (exclusion), the thing itself (inclusion) takes place. \u0000Aristotle, however, considers ‘the thing itself’ as a simple ‘duplicate’ of a thing and excludes it and in its place, he positions ‘gramma.’ Gramma is a reasoned voice in voice that can be articulated with vowels and consonants. \u0000Gramma, a reasoned voice, follows the structure of state of exception in which it sets up itself by inclusively excluding parts in voice that can not be articulable with vowels and consonants. Language and ethics and politics based on Aristotle’s gramma cannot get away from structure by state of exception. \u0000Following Walter Benjamin, Agamben redeems language and ethics and politics on paradigm, by rendering inoperative language and ethics of politics on Aristotle’s gramma. Inoperativity turns gramma into gramma itself, exposing being of gramma. Benjamin’s proletariat general strike renders proletariat inoperative, leading to exposure of proletariat itself and being of proletariat simultaneously.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134025947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human and Nonhuman Refugeeism and Refúgĭa —The Cases of Nadine Gordimer’s “The Ultimate Safari” and Kruger National Park","authors":"E. Choi","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.147","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the Kruger National Park in South Africa, the background of Nadine Gordimer’s novel “The Ultimate Safari”(1991), and how the park turned from a historical site of Apartheid to an ecological one. \u0000Human and non-human migration, once mainly caused by conflicts and civil wars, are increasingly the result of habitat destruction, environmental pollution, and climate change. Although the movement of flora and fauna is noticeable, the constant movement of humans has been neglected. As a result, immobility between continents was taken for granted by society, and the overall human and non-human mobility was interpreted as ominous and negative. Also, the establishment of borders and adherence to ethnocentrism and the nation-state stems from political and power relationships that incite migration with instability. Therefore, gender, race, ethnicity, and nationality work unevenly. However, humans and non-humans have a longer history of migration than imagined, and it is a natural cycle. It is rather a sign of hope to decide to move in a situation of deprivation when being ousted from one’s home. Many species die due to climate change, but finding shelter even after suffering a displacement demonstrates the capacity to move. \u0000Unlike enclaves, which alienate adjacent regions or are alienated from ones, “Refúgĭa,” refers to regions where elements of modern flora and fauna might have survived glacial periods with greatly reduced numbers and distributions. \u0000Even now, “Refúgĭa” continues to occur in many places, including Kruger National Park. In the background of losing domicile and increasing refugeeism worldwide, the move to Refúgĭa should not just mean places, but should lead to the act of creating controversial places across major connections between multiple “sharing” experiences.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"58 7-8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130582908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Emergence of Affective Images: Montage of Indifferent Faces and Still Movements in Media Arts","authors":"Soo-young Nam","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.63","url":null,"abstract":"This study is an attempt to overlap the characteristics of the affective image that appeared at the turn of the century around 1900 with the composition of film art. In particular, the focus was on the expressionless face and still movements as shared characteristics between the affective image and the elements of montage. While the existing film studies have often compared film mainly with literature and occasionally with theater among adjacent arts, this study focuses more on body-centered arts, such as dance and sculpture, which deal with senses of rhythm and formative gestures. Along the line, I try to suggest how montage is a new way of perception rather than thought, which, in turn, is to reconsider the physical properties of excessive images that are easily overlooked in the analysis of cinematic structure of meaning. Furthermore, introducing the sense of touch is an attempt to expand and understand the composition and experience of film meaning, differentiated from the mainstream discourses centering on the visuality and transparency. Tactile acceptance now attracts attention as a synaesthetic element that can be discussed along with visuality. Such discussion may explain various arts of alternative perception of today that are experienced in a distracted way through dispersed media and platforms. This study can be one starting point to explore in earnest the interface between the film/media art and other arts that use the body as a means of expression.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117234227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic and Face: The Blind Spots and Limits of Agamben’s Political Philosophy","authors":"Kwangtaek Han","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.175","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to examine the blind spots and limits of Giorgio Agamben’s political philosophy, which were recognized in a series of debates caused by himself during the COVID-19 pandemic situation. The controversy was brought about by the core concepts of Agamben’s political philosophy. He criticized the government-led containment measures and quarantine guidelines as deriving individual citizens of their right of freedom. \u0000The problem underlying his concepts is that he only focuses on the abstract conceptual universality of humanity and politics, ignoring their historical conditions and contexts. Moreover, he employs the politico-philosophical significance of particular historical events as a tool for philosophical abstraction. He also disregards the various factors and causes by which the COVID-19 pandemic is conditioned and contextualized, failing to overcome the dichotomy of domination and oppression. As a consequence, he cannot recognize or explain the various and complex problems with regard to the working of state power. In particular, the concept of face is predicated upon the universal and abstract concept of politics itself, which proves the blind spots and limits of Agamben’s humanism and reductionism.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127493494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Causes of and Cures for Psychic Wounds: Freud’s Evolving Theory of Trauma Revisited","authors":"Seokwon Yang","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.87","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.2.87","url":null,"abstract":"This essay aims to weave together Freud’s seemingly disparate discussions of the causes of and cures for trauma and attempts to unravel the significance of his contribution to the literature on trauma. Investigating the aetiology of hysteria, Freud discovers trauma, characterizing it as a psychic wound that persistently impacts the structure of the mind and explains the cure as the recovery of forgotten memory—along with the abreaction of the affect attached to it. Freud’s theoretical shift from “dissociation” to “repression” makes him underscore the idea of “working-through” as a pivotal part of psychoanalytic therapy, one that enables the subject to come to terms with repressed memory. \u0000War neuroses brought the concept of the repetition compulsion to his notice, leading him to develop the theory of the death drive, and he defines trauma as the ego’s defense against both endo- and exo-psychic dangers. He interprets the traumatic dream as a repeated attempt to master the traumatic situation with anxiety—a signal that prepares the subject for danger—the absence of which triggers traumatic neurosis. Later, this idea evolves into his suggestion that strengthening the patient’s ego empowers him to master the trauma that had previously overpowered him. Observing, however, that the ego defends itself against the process of recovery, just as it does against the threat of dangers, Freud uncovers the death drive underneath this resistance to recovery and envisages the asymptotic and incomplete process of the cure. \u0000Freud’s engagement with the issue of trauma presents several important points. The idea of strengthening the ego for therapeutic purposes echoes his early view of unpleasure as resulting from the ego’s lack of inhibition in the Project of Scientific Psychology, thus providing a thread of consistency in the seemingly discontinuous trajectory of his trauma theory. His emphasis on working-through highlights the importance of the subject’s active role in recovery, which may be disregarded in neuroscientific trauma studies. In historiography, the concept of working-through connotes the therapeutic process of persistently witnessing the truth of wounded individuals without closure. \u0000Freud’s account of the cooperation of the analyst and the patient may serve as a model for the “social space” in which a sympathetic listener bears witness to the testimony of the traumatized subject. Finally, the death drive that Freud excavates beneath the ego’s resistance to recovery evokes the concept of death as the ultimate danger to the ego, the mortality that the subject encounters in the course of his traumatic experience. Freud’s reflections on traumatic neurosis testify to his unflinching commitment to discerning the mechanisms and cures of trauma in the process of probing the psychic wounds of his patients.","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127825530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Capitalism and the Value Controversy","authors":"Hyun Seok Lee","doi":"10.19116/theory.2022.27.1.143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19116/theory.2022.27.1.143","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":409687,"journal":{"name":"The Criticism and Theory Society of Korea","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131473302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}