人文科学最新文献

{"title":"Recognizing the artificial: A comparative voice analysis of AI-Generated and L2 undergraduate student-authored academic essays","authors":"Elisha L. Nañola,&nbsp;RG L. Arroyo,&nbsp;Nicole Jazz T. Hermosura,&nbsp;Mark Ragil,&nbsp;Janen Nicole U. Sabanal,&nbsp;Henelsie B. Mendoza","doi":"10.1016/j.system.2025.103611","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.system.2025.103611","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent developments in AI content generation software have rendered human-authored texts indiscernible from AI-generated ones. This progression introduced challenges in the academic field, raising concerns over the devaluation of academic integrity. As an inevitable aspect of written texts and an indicator of writing identity, authorial voice is a potential distinguishing factor between both text types. Given this, the researchers examined the differences in the authorial voice of student-written and AI-generated essays using 12 student-written academic essays and 12 AI-generated academic essays. The samples were coded and analyzed using Lehman and Sułkowski's (2020) Voice Analytic Rubric. The findings revealed that Collective (C) voice was the dominant voice in student-written essays whereas AI-generators primarily employed Individual (I) voice. Further comparison and closer analysis showed that: a) I-voice is not the consistent dominant textual identity for AI-generated texts; b) AI-generated text is closer to an expert's writing whereas student-written are closer to a novice's; and c) the writing style of AI-generated texts lean toward predictability. These findings contribute to understanding students' authorial voice construction vis-a-vis the relatively underexplored authorial voice of large language systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48185,"journal":{"name":"System","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103611"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Researcher views on returning results from multi-omics data to research participants: insights from The Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) Study.","authors":"Kelly E Ormond, Caroline Stanclift, Chloe M Reuter, Jennefer N Carter, Kathleen E Murphy, Malene E Lindholm, Matthew T Wheeler","doi":"10.1186/s12910-025-01174-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12910-025-01174-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is growing consensus in favor of returning individual specific research results that are clinically actionable, valid, and reliable. However, deciding what and how research results should be returned remains a challenge. Researchers are key stakeholders in return of results decision-making and implementation. Multi-omics data contains medically relevant findings that could be considered for return. We sought to understand researchers' views regarding the potential for return of results for multi-omics data from a large, national consortium generating multi-omics data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Researchers from the Molecular Transducers of Physical Activity Consortium (MoTrPAC) were recruited for in-depth semi-structured interviews. To assess understanding of potential clinical utility for types of data collected and attitudes towards return of results in multi-omic clinical studies, we devised an interview guide focusing on types of results generated in the study for hypothetical return based on review of the literature and professional expertise of team members. The semi-structured interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim and co-coded. Thematic trends were identified for reporting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We interviewed a total of 16 individuals representative of 11 sites and 6 research roles across MoTrPAC. Many respondents expressed positive attitudes regarding hypothetical multi-omics results return, citing participant rights to their data and perception of minimal harm. Ethical and logistical concerns around the return of multi-omics results were raised, and they often mirrored those in the published literature for genomic return of results including: uncertain clinical validity, a lack of expertise to communicate results, and an unclear obligation regarding whether to return multi-omics results. With the exception of privacy concerns, respondents were able to give examples within multi-omics of how each point was relevant. Further, researchers called for more guidance from funding agencies and increased researcher education regarding return of results.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, researchers expressed positive attitudes toward multi-omic return of results in principle, particularly if medically actionable. However, competing ethical considerations, logistical constraints, and need for more external guidance were raised as key implementation concerns. Future studies should consider views and experiences of other relevant stakeholders, specifically clinical genomics professionals and study participants, regarding the clinical utility of multi-omics information and multi-omics results return.</p>","PeriodicalId":55348,"journal":{"name":"BMC Medical Ethics","volume":"26 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11804059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143371215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How L2 student writers engage with automated feedback: A longitudinal perspective","authors":"Li Xiaosa ,&nbsp;Ke Ping","doi":"10.1016/j.asw.2025.100919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asw.2025.100919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent qualitative research on L2 students’ use of AWE (automated writing evaluation) feedback reveals that learner engagement is not simply a binary process of accepting or rejecting suggestions; rather, it is influenced by various individual and contextual factors. Building on this foundation, the present study investigates how three Chinese EFL (English as a foreign language) learners at different proficiency levels engaged with feedback from <em>Youdao Writing</em>, a local AWE system, over a 16-week semester. Data were collected through screen-capture recordings, stimulated recalls and semi-structured interviews, focusing on their engagement at the affective, behavioral and cognitive levels. The findings reveal significant individual and longitudinal differences in the students’ experiences, perceptions, and emotional responses. These insights highlight the complexity of student engagement with automated feedback and suggest that instructional practices in EFL contexts should account for these individual and longitudinal differences to enhance the effectiveness of feedback. The study concludes with recommendations for integrating AWE feedback in a way that can foster deeper learner engagement and facilitate writing development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46865,"journal":{"name":"Assessing Writing","volume":"64 ","pages":"Article 100919"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143223731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The need for critical digital literacies in generative AI-mediated L2 writing","authors":"Ron Darvin","doi":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101186","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jslw.2025.101186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article asserts that the use of generative AI (GenAI) technologies for L2 writing needs to involve critical digital literacies. Drawing on the initial insights from a case study exploring the GenAI practices of secondary school students in Canada, this paper highlights emergent issues surrounding the dispositions of these learners towards these tools, the designs of platforms, and the material differences in the way these tools generate responses and encourage specific practices. Recognizing the inequalities that circumscribe the use of these technologies, this paper proposes <em>materiality</em>, <em>indexicality</em>, and <em>ideology</em> as key constructs that help develop an understanding of critical digital literacies relevant to GenAI-mediated L2 writing and digital multimodal composing. These constructs draw attention to how platform designs and other material processes, together with learner access to resources, can steer learners toward particular interactions and discourses. By understanding how GenAI platforms trained on large datasets can privilege certain ways of thinking and writing, L2 writers can develop a more critical perspective of how these technologies can shape the way we write ourselves into being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47934,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Second Language Writing","volume":"67 ","pages":"Article 101186"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143348479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional leaders and teacher research: Roles, interactions, and impacts","authors":"Xiaoming Xun ,&nbsp;Gary Barkhuizen","doi":"10.1016/j.system.2025.103616","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.system.2025.103616","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to understand the role of administrative managers in building and enabling the organisational strategies and frameworks that encourage positive attitudes towards research and in creating conditions for research collaboration among teachers in the context of two Chinese university College English Departments. Drawing on self-determination theory, particularly basic psychological needs theory, and the concept of transformational leadership, this study adopts a narrative approach to explore how teachers' research motivation changes from being controlled to being autonomous from the perspectives of two leaders, one in each of the two universities. A thematic analysis of narrative interviews with the leaders and eight teachers, four from each university, results in five dominant themes concerning the role of leadership within their institutional contexts. These are interpreted and discussed in terms of three needs of teachers’ research experiences, namely, relatedness, competence, and autonomy, and how these needs are satisfied or thwarted in relation to the leadership practices of the two leaders. The article concludes with recommendations for fostering a conducive institutional environment in which teacher-researchers, with the support and mediation of their leaders, become empowered to transform from being externally motivated to autonomous while strengthening the nexus between their teaching and research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48185,"journal":{"name":"System","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103616"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143377456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"State intervention in post-Qin bronze production in Sichuan: scientific insights from mou vessels","authors":"Xiaoting Wang, Ruiliang Liu, Ning Wang, Yindong Yang, Tao Jiang, Ruizhe Wang, Pei Li, Tao Yang, Wugan Luo","doi":"10.15184/aqy.2025.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2025.15","url":null,"abstract":"<p><img href=\"S0003598X25000158_figAb.png\" mimesubtype=\"png\" mimetype=\"image\" orientation=\"\" position=\"\" src=\"https://static.cambridge.org/content/id/urn%3Acambridge.org%3Aid%3Aarticle%3AS0003598X25000158/resource/name/S0003598X25000158_figAb.png?pub-status=live\" type=\"\"/></p>","PeriodicalId":8058,"journal":{"name":"Antiquity","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reevaluating the Organization of Lapidary Production at Chaco Canyon","authors":"Hannah V. Mattson","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.59","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Several decades ago, the National Park Service's Chaco Project revealed evidence for widespread ornament manufacture at small sites (small houses) in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, as well as possible workshop-scale production at two of these locations. Given that consumption of finished jewelry items is clearly concentrated at large sites (great houses), it was suggested that lapidary production was part of a larger corporate political strategy, in which goods produced in surrounding small houses were used to sustain communal events related to construction activities and ritual performances at great houses. This article addresses a critical gap in this narrative—ornament production at great houses. Using Pueblo Bonito as a case study, I present the results of a systematic analysis of lapidary tools from the site and characterize the nature of on-site ornament manufacture. I find evidence that significant jewelry-making was occurring at Pueblo Bonito, at least on par with previously documented small-house jewelry workshops, and that a portion of this was embedded within elite households. These results require us to reconsider the role of ornament production in Chacoan political economy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constructing Naturalness in Industrial Settings: A Transdisciplinary Exploration.","authors":"Paulina S Gennermann, Gina Maria Klein, Sophia Wagemann","doi":"10.1080/00026980.2025.2456356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00026980.2025.2456356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of naturalness has been a cornerstone in scientific research, philosophical debates, and cultural narratives. Industrial settings, often considered as antagonistic to nature, pose a particularly interesting site for investigating the construction of naturalness. This special issue explores the multifaceted nature(s) of naturalness through transdisciplinary perspectives, including analytical chemistry, the history of science, cultural studies, and the philosophy of chemistry. We discuss how the naturalness of industrially manufactured products is constructed, contested, and utilised in different domains by examining historical developments, consumer expectations, and technological advancements. Examining various case studies, the authors show how processes of naturalisation are connected to normalisation, optimisation, and imitation and how the understanding of naturalness affects human physiology and social interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":50963,"journal":{"name":"Ambix","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers with a Taste for Fish: New Insights into Iroquoian Foodways at the Dawson Site","authors":"Karine Taché, Roland Tremblay, Alexandre Lucquin, Marjolein Admiraal, John P. Hart, Oliver E. Craig","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.51","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iroquoian groups inhabiting the St. Lawrence Valley in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries AD practiced agriculture and supplemented their diet with fish and a variety of wild plants and terrestrial animals. Important gaps remain in our knowledge of Iroquoian foodways, including how pottery was integrated to culinary practices and the relative importance of maize in clay-pot cooking. Lipid analyses carried out on 32 potsherds from the Dawson site (Montreal, Canada) demonstrate that pottery from this village site was used to prepare a range of foodstuffs—primarily freshwater fish and maize, but possibly also other animals and plants. The importance of aquatic resources is demonstrated by the presence of a range of molecular compounds identified as biomarkers for aquatic products, whereas the presence of maize could only be detected through isotopic analysis. Bayesian modeling suggests that maize is present in all samples and is the dominant product in at least 40% of the potsherds analyzed. This combination of analytical techniques, applied for the first time to Iroquoian pottery, provides a glimpse into Iroquoian foodways and suggests that <span>sagamité</span> was part of the culinary traditions at the Dawson site.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143192288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescence Dating of Stone Structures in the Northeastern United States","authors":"James K. Feathers, Shannon A. Mahan","doi":"10.1017/aaq.2024.60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/aaq.2024.60","url":null,"abstract":"<p>There is no consensus on who built the numerous stone structures that dot the archaeological landscape in the northeastern United States. Professional archaeologists traditionally have attributed them to colonial farmers, but increasing numbers of archaeologists have joined many nonprofessional groups and Native Americans in arguing for Indigenous origins. Better understanding of these structures can be obtained by determining how old they are. This article reviews nearly 60 luminescence ages, on both sediments and rocks, that have been obtained in recent years. Many of the derived ages fall in the sixteenth century, between initial European contact and substantial colonial settlement. A few ages are significantly older, suggesting that this technology has a deeper origin. The results warrant more research into these structures and rethinking their significance.</p>","PeriodicalId":7424,"journal":{"name":"American Antiquity","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}