IF 1.8 1区文学

Journal of Pragmatics Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.002

{"title":"“By then you'd say ‘why hadn't I hung on a little bit longer?’”: Ventriloquizing as indirectness in Chinese medical interaction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pragma.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ventriloquizing, where a speaker adopts another's voice or identity to communicate one's own thoughts, is a form of indirectness that remains understudied, particularly in Chinese medical interactions. This paper aims to contribute to the understanding of indirectness by examining instances of ventriloquizing employed by medical professionals (MPs) in China. Our analysis reveals that MPs utilize ventriloquizing by attributing speech to themselves, their interlocutors or third parties (such as patients or their family members), or sometimes unspecified individuals. Through this strategic linguistic technique, MPs mitigate complaints, advocate medical suggestions, and informs patients and families of potential risks, all while delicately navigating various interactional concerns such as doctor-patient rapport and issues of medical liability. This paper argues that MPs' employment of ventriloquizing serves to decenter themselves, enhance message authority, and maintain relational harmony, thereby achieving both relational and transactional goals in medical interactions. This practice reflects Confucianism-based medical ethics in the Chinese medical context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":16899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pragmatics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142315410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The brain abstracted: Simplification in the history and philosophy of neuroscience By Mazviita Chirimuuta:MIT Press. 2024. pp. 364. $50.00 (paper). ISBN 978-0-2625-4804-5 抽象化的大脑：神经科学史和哲学中的简化作者：Mazviita Chirimuuta：麻省理工学院出版社。2024. pp.364.50.00 美元（纸质）。ISBN 978-0-2625-4804-5

IF 0.6 3区历史学

Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/jhbs.22333

Frank W. Stahnisch

引用次数: 0

“It's a fight – the whole personality of the patient to win.” The development of concepts of psychosis in the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, 1898–1943 "这是一场战斗--病人的整个人格都要获胜"。华沙犹太医院精神病概念的发展，1898-1943 年。

IF 0.6 3区历史学

Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/jhbs.22328

Jan Kornaj

{"title":"“It's a fight – the whole personality of the patient to win.” The development of concepts of psychosis in the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, 1898–1943","authors":"Jan Kornaj","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22328","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jhbs.22328","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the development of concepts of psychosis in the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw, within the context of social and historical processes to which the hospital was the subject and a broader scope of European concepts of psychosis. In the years 1898–1909, the first chief physician of the psychiatric ward, Adam Wizel, focused mainly on hysteria. The interest in psychoses was initiated by Maurycy Bornsztajn, who started to promote psychoanalytic ideas. The second decade of the functioning of the Jewish Hospital's psychiatric ward was marked by issues concerning the classification of psychoses. In the third decade, after Poland regained independence, psychosis became the main focus of the hospital's staff. Newly appointed psychiatrists, Gustaw Bychowski and Władysław Matecki, contributed substantially to the psychoanalytic understanding of psychosis. Bornsztajn continued to develop his psychoanalytically based concept of psychosis. Wizel changed his attitude toward psychoanalysis and acknowledged the importance of Freud's discoveries. Władysław Sterling contributed to the biological understanding of schizophrenia. In the last period, 1931–1943, the Jewish Hospital in Warsaw struggled with the consequences of the economic crisis in Poland, Wizel's death, and Bychowski's departure, which resulted in the reduced number of publications in the field of psychosis. Nevertheless, Bornsztajn managed to further develop his concept of somatopsychic schizophrenia and Matecki introduced the category of pseudo-neurotic schizophrenia. The psychoanalytic approach developed by Wizel, Bornsztajn, Bychowski, and Matecki was supplemented with other influences, especially phenomenology. Wizel, Bychowski, and Matecki were advocates of the psychoanalytic psychotherapy of psychotic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An epistemology of empathy and modern methods of social research: Intimations of the mind and early Chicago sociology 移情认识论与现代社会研究方法：心灵的想象与早期芝加哥社会学。

IF 0.6 3区历史学

Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/jhbs.22325

Joseph C. Hermanowicz

{"title":"An epistemology of empathy and modern methods of social research: Intimations of the mind and early Chicago sociology","authors":"Joseph C. Hermanowicz","doi":"10.1002/jhbs.22325","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jhbs.22325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Empathic qualitative methods have become emblematic of early Chicago sociology. Yet methods were not formalized through the early 20th century and empathy was not in usage as a term. Only at mid-20th century did methodological formalization in sociology begin to occur, and an additional quarter-century passed before writing about empathy in sociological methods began to crystallize. Nevertheless, a portion of early Chicago sociologists, assimilating pragmatist thought, established a framework for the deployment of empathic acumen. Because empathy involves understanding others, it is argued that it is central to the study of social life. The article contends that understanding empathy must be as central to the social scientist's knowledge as it is to the effective deployment of research methods: a competent quest to generate knowledge about social life is premised on empathy. To heighten awareness of empathy, an epistemology is necessary. To this end, the article examines empathy as situated by a set of organizational and historical conditions that account for its origin and ascendance as a prescriptive characteristic of sociological work. The author draws attention to the significance of suffering and suggests that its religious precepts are transmuted for the conditions under which sociology develops in turn-of-the-century Chicago.</p>","PeriodicalId":46047,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/jhbs.22325","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142308746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inhaltsverzeichnis: Ber. Wissenschaftsgesch. 3/2024 目录Ber.科学史3/2024

IF 0.6 2区哲学

Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1002/bewi.202480311

引用次数: 0

Communicating life-saving knowledge: The multimodal arrangement in Lifesaver VR 传播救生知识：救生员 VR 中的多模式安排

IF 1.3 2区文学

Language & Communication Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.langcom.2024.09.002

引用次数: 0

Validating an integrated reading-into-writing scale with trained university students 通过训练有素的大学生验证 "从阅读到写作 "综合量表

IF 4.2 1区文学

Assessing Writing Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.asw.2024.100894

{"title":"Validating an integrated reading-into-writing scale with trained university students","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.asw.2024.100894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asw.2024.100894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Integrated tasks are often used in higher education (HE) for diagnostic purposes, with increasing popularity in lingua franca contexts, such as German HE, where English-medium courses are gaining ground. In this context, we report the validation of a new rating scale for assessing reading-into-writing tasks. To examine scoring validity, we employed Weir’s (2005) socio-cognitive framework in an explanatory mixed-methods design. We collected 679 integrated performances in four summary and opinion tasks, which were rated by six trained student raters. They are to become writing tutors for first-year students. We utilized a many-facet Rasch model to investigate rater severity, reliability, consistency, and scale functioning. Using thematic analysis, we analyzed think-aloud protocols, retrospective and focus group interviews with the raters. Findings showed that the rating scale overall functions as intended and is perceived by the raters as valid operationalization of the integrated construct. FACETS analyses revealed reasonable reliabilities, yet exposed local issues with certain criteria and band levels. This is corroborated by the challenges reported by the raters, which they mainly attributed to the complexities inherent in such an assessment. Applying Weir’s (2005) framework in a mixed-methods approach facilitated the interpretation of the quantitative findings and yielded insights into potential validity threads.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":46865,"journal":{"name":"Assessing Writing","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1075293524000874/pdfft?md5=73c505eab3803fbf3a3edfd0612d454a&pid=1-s2.0-S1075293524000874-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Embodied Poverty: Bioarchaeology of the Brentwood Poor Farm, Brentwood, New Hampshire (1841–1868) 体现贫穷：新罕布什尔州布伦特伍德贫民农场的生物考古学（1841-1868 年）

IF 2.8 1区历史学

American Antiquity Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2024.35

Alex Garcia-Putnam, Amy R. Michael, Grace Duff, Ashanti Maronie, Samantha M. McCrane, Michaela Morrill

引用次数: 0

Modernism, modernity, and politics in the general history of science: Implications of Herbert Mehrtens' work, from "Vienna 1900" to the Nazi era, and beyond. 科学通史中的现代主义、现代性和政治：从 "维也纳 1900 "到纳粹时代及其后赫伯特-梅尔腾斯著作的影响。

IF 0.3 4区哲学

Science in Context Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1017/S0269889724000061

Mitchell G Ash

{"title":"Modernism, modernity, and politics in the general history of science: Implications of Herbert Mehrtens' work, from \"Vienna 1900\" to the Nazi era, and beyond.","authors":"Mitchell G Ash","doi":"10.1017/S0269889724000061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0269889724000061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbert Mehrtens' work and the implications of the historical ideas he advanced went beyond the history of any single discipline. The article therefore addresses three broad issues: (1) Mehrtens' reconceptualization of mathematical modernism, in his field-changing book <i>Moderne-Sprache-Mathematik</i> (1990) and other works, as an epistemic and cultural phenomenon in a way that could potentially reach across and also beyond the sciences and also link scientific and cultural modernisms; (2) the extension of his work to the history of modernity itself via the concept of \"technocratic modernism\"; (3) his seminal contributions to the historiography of the sciences and technology during the National Socialist period, focusing on his critique of claims that mathematics, the natural sciences and technology were morally or politically \"neutral\" during or after the Nazi era, and on his counter-claim that mathematicians and other scientists had in fact mobilized themselves and their knowledge in support of Nazism's central political projects. Taken as a guide for understanding science-politics relations in general, Mehrtens' work was and remains a counterweight to the political abstinence adopted by many who have followed the \"cultural turn\" in history of science and technology. In the broadest sense, the article is a plea for the culturally relevant and politically engaged historiography of the sciences and humanities that Mehrtens himself pursued.</p>","PeriodicalId":49562,"journal":{"name":"Science in Context","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Out of Breath: Toward a New Origin Story of Public Health. 喘不过气来：迈向公共卫生的新起源故事》。

IF 0.9 3区哲学

Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1093/jhmas/jrae013

Jim Downs

引用次数: 0

人文科学最新文献