{"title":"A series of (un)fortunate events: Commercial bank interest rates and deposit reallocation during the Great Depression in the Netherlands","authors":"Ruben Peeters, Amaury de Vicq de Cumptich","doi":"10.1111/ehr.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>During the global economic crisis of 1929–33, deposits in the Dutch commercial banking sector sharply declined as funds shifted to the government-guaranteed Post Office Savings Bank and other savings institutions. Unlike earlier studies for neighbouring countries, we demonstrate that this shift was driven less by a flight to safety and more by a reduction in long-term interest rates on savings accounts offered by commercial banks, whilst the rates offered by the Post Office Savings Bank remained stable. Through a series of policy measures resembling financial repression, the Dutch government actively encouraged this shift to ensure a steady demand for government debt amongst savings institutions. As the demand for loans decreased, commercial banks managed to retain their profitability by reducing lending to smaller, less profitable businesses, as evidenced by higher minimum loan sizes, a preference for existing clients over new ones, and increased requirements for tangible collateral. This strategic move to eliminate less profitable loans from their portfolios enabled banks to weather the period with minimal damage and prevent an outright banking crisis, but it did contribute to a substantial reduction in private credit.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"79 4","pages":"1346-1378"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ehr.70070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeffry Frieden, Richard S. Grossman, Daniel Lowery
{"title":"Was freedom road a dead end? Socio-economic effects of Reconstruction in the American South","authors":"Jeffry Frieden, Richard S. Grossman, Daniel Lowery","doi":"10.1111/ehr.70085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.70085","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We investigate how Reconstruction affected Black socio-economic advancement after the American Civil War. We use the location of federal troops and Freedmen's bureau offices to indicate more intensive federal enforcement of civil rights. We find that Black people made greater socio-economic advances where Reconstruction was more rigorously enforced, and that these effects persisted at least until the early twentieth century, although these advances were weaker in cotton-plantation zones. We suggest a mechanism leading from greater Black political power to higher local property taxes through to higher levels of Black schooling and greater Black socio-economic achievement.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"79 4","pages":"1474-1499"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chasing the perfida Albione: Anglo-Italian productivity gap in the late 1930s","authors":"Tancredi Salamone","doi":"10.1111/ehr.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ehr.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents new estimates of Anglo-Italian labour productivity levels in manufacturing in the late 1930s, derived using the standard single-deflation approach. The findings confirm a substantial productivity gap between Italy and the United Kingdom at the aggregate level, alongside pronounced intersectoral heterogeneity. Italy appears relatively competitive in textiles and, to a lesser extent, in iron and steel and in chemicals. Preliminary estimates using the more advanced double-deflation methodology, as well as tentative measures of productivity per hour worked, suggest that single-deflation figures may represent a lower-bound estimate. Nevertheless, the productivity gap remains large when benchmarked against other industrialized economies, lending support to a more pessimistic interpretation of the Fascist period in terms of labour productivity performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":47868,"journal":{"name":"Economic History Review","volume":"79 4","pages":"1579-1607"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/ehr.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149206005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unraveling the Effects of Academic Buoyancy on L2 Writing Achievement: A Serial Mediation Model With Psychological Network Analysis","authors":"Zhaoyang Shan,Yonggang Su","doi":"10.1177/13621688261489748","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13621688261489748","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47852,"journal":{"name":"Language Teaching Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"FORUM: 1776. Views from the British World. Beyond Patriots and Loyalists: Cross-Colonial Elites in the Revolutionary British Atlantic World","authors":"Qianwen Qing","doi":"10.1017/jbr.2026.10296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2026.10296","url":null,"abstract":"Timed to coincide with the two hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the Declaration of Independence that launched a revolution that created the United States of America, this series of articles complicates traditional narratives of this transformative event by situating it in a larger British world context. The American Revolution transformed the political landscape of the British Atlantic far more rapidly than it transformed the social world that had long bound the empire’s regions together. Before 1776, merchants, planters, and imperial officials had built enduring ties of commerce, kinship, and property spanning North America, the Caribbean, and Britain. Drawing on the lives and correspondence of Gouverneur Morris, the Manning-Vaughan-Laurens family, and Richard Oswald, this article argues that inherited patterns of social life and interpersonal ties remained integral to the experience of cross-colonial elites, despite the constitutional rupture of independence.","PeriodicalId":46738,"journal":{"name":"Journal of British Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149187938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Yi–Han–English trilingual education in junior middle schools under two models in Liangshan","authors":"Liuyan Zhou,Gary Bonar","doi":"10.1080/13670050.2026.2744872","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13670050.2026.2744872","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47918,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism","volume":"42 1","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149210756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cristian Moyano-Fernández, Jon Rueda, Janet Delgado, Irene Gómez-Franco, María Victoria Martínez-López, Ana Toledo-Chávarri, Alice Rangel-Teixeira, Angel Puyol
{"title":"Beyond Principlism: A Cosmopolitan and Care Ethics Approach to One Digital Health.","authors":"Cristian Moyano-Fernández, Jon Rueda, Janet Delgado, Irene Gómez-Franco, María Victoria Martínez-López, Ana Toledo-Chávarri, Alice Rangel-Teixeira, Angel Puyol","doi":"10.1007/s11673-026-10633-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-026-10633-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the limitations of principlism in addressing the ethical challenges posed by One Digital Health. While principlism remains influential in bioethics, digital health, and global health policy, we argue that it is insufficient to capture the relational, data infrastructural, and multispecies dynamics shaping the threats to One Health. Using antimicrobial resistance as a paradigmatic case, we show that One Digital Health governance is shaped not only by distributive ethical concerns but also by structural asymmetries in data visibility, digital infrastructure, and epistemic inclusion across human, animal, and environmental domains. These asymmetries reveal a key limitation of principlism: although it articulates abstract commitments to justice and equity, it lacks the conceptual and operational resources to explain how inequalities are produced and reproduced in digital systems. To address this gap, we propose an integrated framework that combines the ethics of care, cosmopolitanism, and a FAIRER-based account of data governance. Ethics of care foregrounds situated vulnerability and relational interdependence; cosmopolitanism extends moral responsibility across global and multispecies scales; and FAIRER operationalizes these commitments within digital infrastructures and data systems. The antimicrobial resistance case study shows that this approach provides a more comprehensive account of One Digital Health governance by linking lived practices, global responsibilities, and data infrastructures. We conclude that addressing One Health threats through digital transformation requires moving beyond principle-based reasoning toward relational frameworks that integrate global commitments with contextual sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Automated Influence: How Social Bots Reshape Discursive Opportunities in Online Activism","authors":"Linda Li,Helen Margetts","doi":"10.1177/20563051261490338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20563051261490338","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47920,"journal":{"name":"Social Media + Society","volume":"188 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149173036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stress and self-efficacy under artificial intelligence disruption: A mixed-methods study on the usage of artificial intelligence among Finnish workers","authors":"Atte Oksanen, Teo Keipi, Moona Heiskari, Iina Savolainen","doi":"10.1177/14614448261488700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448261488700","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid workplace integration of artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping work practices and challenging employees’ self-efficacy and well-being. This mixed-methods study examines these experiences using national survey data ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 2109) and qualitative interviews ( <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N</jats:italic> = 54) with Finnish workers. Frequent AI use, AI-induced identity threat, and organizational AI deployment are associated with higher AI strain, whereas AI self-efficacy relates to frequent use, positive AI attitudes, and subjective well-being. Identity threat moderated several of these associations, highlighting the role of professional identity in AI-related experiences. Analysis drawing on Greimas’ semiotic modalities (must, can, know, and want) explains how these patterns are interpreted and negotiated in practice, revealing tensions between perceived self-efficacy and pressures to integrate AI. AI use was often described as voluntary. However, participants anticipated increasing competence demands and responsibility. The findings emphasize the need for organizational strategies that address identity-related challenges and support employee well-being in AI-driven work transformations.","PeriodicalId":19149,"journal":{"name":"New Media & Society","volume":"292 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149199008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Storm We Chose: Bundibugyo Virus, Preparedness Injustice, and the Pathogens We Decline to Fight.","authors":"Harpreet Dhillon, Shibu Sasidharan","doi":"10.1111/dewb.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 2026 Ebola disease outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Uganda is caused by Bundibugyo virus, a species for which, unlike Zaire ebolavirus, no licensed vaccine and no approved therapeutic exist. This commentary argues that this absence is not a misfortune of virology but a structurally produced injustice. Bundibugyo virus has been characterised since 2008, has caused lethal outbreaks, and was foreseeably capable of recurrence; more importantly, species-specific and cross-protective countermeasures were scientifically tractable more than a decade before, yet none reached licensure or field readiness. A recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vaccine expressing the Bundibugyo glycoprotein - built on the same platform as the licensed Zaire vaccine - conferred complete protection in nonhuman primates in 2013; thirteen years later, no clinical-grade material existed when the outbreak began. The gap, we argue, lay not in what science could build but in what the system chose to finish, because preparedness investment concentrated on the species that threatened wealthier and more connected populations. Drawing on the framework of structural injustice and on the authors' prior field experience of concurrent epidemics in the DRC, we distinguish tragic scarcity from produced scarcity, answer the feasibility objection, and argue that closing the gap is an obligation rather than a charity.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}