法学最新文献

{"title":"Offshore wind farms in New Jersey, USA: Stakeholder concerns and anticipated impacts on recreational fishing","authors":"Kripa Shrestha ,&nbsp;Pankaj Lal ,&nbsp;Meghann Smith","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Offshore wind farms (OWFs) are being developed to generate renewable, carbon-free electricity for the grid; however, the development of OWFs faces resistance, especially from marine recreational fishers. This research explores charter boat captains’ and owners’ perspectives toward OWF development in New Jersey, USA, based on responses from 87 participants in an online survey, including 10 who also participated in follow-up telephone interviews. The research identifies widespread opposition to OWFs (91 % of respondents), rooted in concerns over ecological disruption, navigation safety, access restrictions, and economic impacts. Respondents reported observed shifts in fish migration patterns, increased marine mammal stranding, and anticipated operational risks tied to OWF infrastructure. Many also expressed dissatisfaction with stakeholder engagement processes and skepticism regarding promised economic benefits. While some participants acknowledged the potential of OWF structures to function as artificial reefs, the prevailing sentiment emphasized a need for stronger safeguards, transparent planning, and inclusive governance. By providing a nuanced understanding of these concerns and the factors shaping them, this research equips policymakers and OWF developers with the knowledge to pursue targeted mitigation strategies, build trust with fishing communities, and ensure that the needs and perspectives of recreational fishers are meaningfully incorporated into the planning and implementation of OWF projects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"181 ","pages":"Article 106854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is It Daddy Time Yet? Trends and Variation in Men's Employment Hours Around Childbirth: 1989-2020.","authors":"Anita Li","doi":"10.1215/00703370-12157124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-12157124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Scholars continue to debate the progress of the gender revolution. Some argue that the gender revolution is stalled, whereas others see an emerging second half marked by men's increased involvement in the home. Using longitudinally linked monthly data from the 1989-2020 Current Population Survey, I show that U.S. fathers from more recent cohorts worked fewer hours around the time of a childbirth than earlier cohorts-evidence consistent with the second half of the gender revolution. The magnitude of change is modest but is larger among college-educated men, men with a college-educated partner, and men in dual-earner households. Changes across cohorts are entirely accounted for by men's increasing reports of parental leave usage. Findings shed light on the changing relationship between parenthood and work for men and suggest continued steps toward gender equality.</p>","PeriodicalId":48394,"journal":{"name":"Demography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating carbon reduction in dense, multi-functional compact cities: Moderators and threshold effects of green space and aging population","authors":"Yujie Ren ,&nbsp;Xinyu Li ,&nbsp;Jingran Si ,&nbsp;Tianhui Fan ,&nbsp;Xiaolan Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Compact-city planning is widely promoted as a pathway to curb urban carbon emissions by compressing land use, shortening travel distances and concentrating infrastructure. Yet its ultimate effectiveness hinges on how ecological and demographic structures interact with built form. Leveraging data for Chinese cities, this study integrates spatial-moderation models with XGBoost-based non-linear simulations to test whether—and how—urban green-space structure and population aging condition the compactness–emissions nexus. Results show that both moderators exert significant and directionally nuanced effects. Expansive green-space coverage and higher patch aggregation amplify the carbon-saving benefits of compactness, whereas excessive landscape connectivity can dampen them, plausibly by increasing fragmentation and mobility demand. Aging likewise matters: a larger share of older residents—especially older men—steadily enhances carbon efficiency, reflecting lower mobility and lifestyle-related energy savings in high-density settings. All moderating effects display pronounced spatial heterogeneity shaped by variations in built-environment intensity, ecological-infrastructure integration and demographic accessibility. Nonlinear analyses reveal clear thresholds for policy guidance: optimal mitigation occurs when green-space coverage reaches 60–65 %, patch connectivity density stabilizes at 15–20 patches km⁻², and the aggregation index exceeds 0.12. Demographically, an elderly-population share of 13–20 %—with male shares above 6–8 %—further strengthens emission reductions. Taken together, the findings underscore that effective decarbonization in dense, multi-functional cities requires synchronized planning of green infrastructure and demographic adaptation. By quantifying critical ecological and demographic thresholds, this study provides actionable evidence for precision carbon governance amid rapid urbanization and population aging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 108099"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hominin Population Structure, Mating Systems, and Intrasexual Competition : Implications for Craniofacial Robusticity and the Self-Domestication Hypothesis.","authors":"Grant S McCall","doi":"10.1007/s12110-025-09498-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-025-09498-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The self-domestication hypothesis has made significant contributions to our thinking about hominin evolution and ecology. It has struggled, however, to find compelling and testable causes of reductions in hominin aggression and violent behavior. This paper examines variability among hominin mating systems and imbalances in operation sex ratios (OSRs) as a potential factor influencing levels of aggression resulting from male intrasexual competition, i.e., male-male competitive aggression. This paper uses multivariate generalized linear modeling (GLM) to examine data from modern hunter-gatherer societies having to do with the causes and consequences of OSR imbalances (as reflected by levels of polygamy) and male intrasexual competition. This paper focuses especially on the role of population density as a potential source of OSR variability. This paper shows that population density correlates strongly with hunter-gatherer OSRs and that this relationship remains strong when controlling for the effects of other potentially intercorrelated variables. This paper shows that, among modern hunter-gatherers, lower population densities lead to greater imbalances in terms of OSRs and therefore higher levels of male-male aggression. This implies high levels of male intrasexual competition among early hominins given likely conditions of very low population densities. The paper closes by proposing some strategies for investigating hominin demographic patterning prehistorically and predicting OSR imbalances, as well as intrasexual competition, based on that information.</p>","PeriodicalId":47797,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature-An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging prediction and causality in environmental justice: Evaluating superfund impacts with explainable AI and econometrics","authors":"Duy Nguyen ,&nbsp;Nguyen Tri Khiem","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents an integrated framework combining causal inference and explainable machine learning to evaluate both the determinants and effects of environmental remediation under the U.S. Superfund program. Using a nationwide panel of census tracts from 1970 to 2019, we apply a doubly robust Difference-in-Differences (DiD) model with inverse probability weighting to estimate the causal impact of Superfund designation on neighborhood socioeconomic outcomes. Concurrently, we develop a predictive model using XGBoost and SHAP to uncover the structural features that drive site designation. Our findings reveal that Superfund sites are disproportionately placed in tracts with lower income, older housing stock, higher industrial activity, and greater minority presence—patterns consistent with environmental injustice. Post-treatment analysis shows moderate but significant gains in income, housing turnover, and labor participation. By comparing predictive salience with causal responsiveness, we identify aligned, divergent, and mixed features—highlighting where policy is both well-targeted and effective, and where structural inequalities persist. This dual-inference approach offers novel insight into the design, evaluation, and equity of environmental interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 108094"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144702275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whose Parents Matter? Intergenerational Transmission of Earnings Arrangements in Different-Sex Couples: A Research Note.","authors":"Wen Fan, Yue Qian","doi":"10.1215/00703370-12159081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-12159081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past few decades, the United States has witnessed a gender revolution and transformation in family economic arrangements. However, little research has investigated the intergenerational transmission of earnings arrangements within different-sex couples, even though such knowledge illuminates the mechanisms underlying changes and continuities in the economic organization and gender relations within U.S. families. We use a life course perspective to examine whether and how different-sex couples' earnings arrangements two years after the birth of their first child are shaped by their parents' earnings arrangements across four periods (same life stage, contemporaneous, sensitive period, and cumulative). Two-generational panel data on different-sex couples and their parents are drawn from the nationally representative Panel Study of Income Dynamics (1968-2021). Regression models indicate that women tend to contribute more earnings if their male partner's mother contributed a larger share to the family income either during the same life stage (two years after her first birth) or over the life course of the male partner. No similar patterns emerge for the earnings arrangements of the female partner's parents. This two-generational life course study underscores the importance of couples' social origins and reveals the social (re)production of family economic arrangements and its gendered nature.</p>","PeriodicalId":48394,"journal":{"name":"Demography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The dynamics within urban infrastructure: Tokyo’s water supply from the 1870s to the present","authors":"Aobo Ran","doi":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.geoforum.2025.104370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic between political regimes and infrastructure development remains central to debates, especially regarding the tension between modernization and tradition. Over the past century, Tokyo’s water supply has changed dramatically, transitioning from the feudal Tokugawa shogunate through constitutional monarchy and wartime militarism to post‐war democratization. This paper examines how regimes in each of these periods impact on Tokyo’s water supply system, and reveals the complex interplay between the political landscape, technological modernization, and water as material infrastructure. This paper argues that Tokyo’s water supply system evolves neither along a linear path of centralization nor decentralization but instead demonstrates dynamic politics across different periods. Tokyo’s water supply embodying multi-temporalities of the modern and traditional produces evolving hydrosocial territories. The findings challenge conventional narratives of a strong correlation between political regimes and the trajectory of urban infrastructure. By exploring the dynamics within Tokyo’s water supply system, this paper contributes to the growing literature on infrastructure as a site of political interactions and offers new insights into temporalities and territoriality along with urban infrastructure transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12497,"journal":{"name":"Geoforum","volume":"165 ","pages":"Article 104370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depression in farming families: A systematic review","authors":"Hannah Casey ,&nbsp;Annie O'Connor ,&nbsp;Sinéad O'Keeffe ,&nbsp;Anna Donnla O'Hagan ,&nbsp;John McNamara ,&nbsp;Siobhán O'Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103810","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103810","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Depression is a common mental condition characterised by low mood, or loss of pleasure or interest in activities for extended periods of time. Farming populations have long been identified as a population at high risk for depression. However, farming families remain under researched and under explored in mental health research. This review therefore aimed to examine the prevalence of depressive symptoms among farming family members and identify associated risk factors. A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA guidelines searching Scopus, Web of Science, Pubmed and PubPsych. Six quantitative papers were identified; three detailed prevalence in farming spouses, and three in farming adolescents. Depressive symptom prevalence varied according to group and the measure used. Among farming spouses, prevalence was 13 % (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), and 7.1 % (self-report). Prevalence of “mild” depressive symptoms among farming adolescents was 70 % and 6.6 % (Patient Health Questionnaire-A). Mean depressive symptom scores for farming spouses was 10.50 (Multiple Affect Adjective Checklist), and M = 14.0 for farming adolescents (Centre for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale). Factors increasing likelihood of depressive symptoms included age, ethnicity, smoking, alcohol use, pesticide use, and Parkinson's Disease for farm spouses, and for adolescents, parental depression, exposure to violent incidents, risky behaviour, and pre-existing high stress and anxiety. The literature was characterised by inconsistent measures of depressive symptoms, a US-centric focus, and poor exploration of the experiences of male spouses. Future research should encourage a deeper focus on the prevalence of depressive symptoms among all farming family members, and an exploration into how mental health resources might better support farming families.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 103810"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping experiences of workplace stigma and discrimination within the lived-living experience of illicit drug use and bloodborne virus peer workforce: a scoping review.","authors":"Shannon Christensen, Jacqui Richmond, Emma Beavon, Adrian Gorringe, Emily Adamson, Jack Wallace, Paul Armstrong, John Gobeil, Ele Morrison, Sione Crawford, Nadia Gavin, Mary Ellen Harrod, Charles Henderson, Alisa Pedrana, Louisa Walsh","doi":"10.1186/s12954-025-01282-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-025-01282-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peer workers with lived-living experience of illicit drug use and/or bloodborne viruses are critical in linking community with health services and programs. Despite the increasing demand for, and recognition of, the value and contributions of peer workers, the risk of workplace stigma and discrimination due to their lived-living experience remains a persistent issue. This scoping review aims to map available literature about workplace stigma and discrimination against peer workers with lived-living experience of drug use or bloodborne virus. The methods used in this scoping review were guided by the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. A Population-Context-Concept format was used to develop search strategies conducted across four databases to assess articles for eligibility. Community representatives from Australian national and state-based peer-led Drug User Organisations provided input and expertise into all components of this review. Data was extracted and analysed from 61 articles that met the inclusion criteria. Findings were mapped against five levels the Socioecological Model of Health framework, and presented as key risk factors that either increase vulnerability to or sustain stigma and discrimination in the workplace, or protective factors that promote resilience and positive workplace experiences for peer workers. This review highlights that workplace stigma and discrimination towards peer workers takes many forms, including increased emotional labour, negative attitudes or behaviours towards peer workers from non-peer staff, disparities in working conditions between peer workers and non-peer staff, and law enforcement activities that impact peer work. Workplace stigma and discrimination experienced by peer workers can be addressed through adequate planning and the development of organisations and systems that address and acknowledge the existence of stigma and work to create safe work environments for peer workers. This includes organisational policies and training which recognises the unique emotional burdens experienced by peer work and addresses unequal employment conditions between peer- and non-peer staff, and broader societal changes around how drug use is policed.</p>","PeriodicalId":12922,"journal":{"name":"Harm Reduction Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"127"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144717790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global evolution of research on life cycle assessment: A data-driven visualization of collaboration, frontier identification, and future trend","authors":"Jialing Li ,&nbsp;Jiaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Yuyue Hao ,&nbsp;Hao Tan ,&nbsp;Binbin Shao ,&nbsp;Chen Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eiar.2025.108093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a systematic bibliometric analysis of 10,430 publications with “Life Cycle Assessment” or “LCA” in their titles, retrieved from the Web of Science database covering 2000–2024. Results reveal that LCA research has expanded at a near-exponential pace, with annual outputs growing from 35 papers in 2000 to 1882 in 2024—corresponding to a compound annual growth rate of 18 %. By 2024, China had become the leading contributor (10.61 % of publications), while the Netherlands recorded the highest citation impact (Citations Per Publication, CPP = 63.65). Keyword co-occurrence analysis identified four dominant thematic domains: environmental impact metrics, uncertainty assessment, renewable energy systems, and circular economy. Temporal trend analysis of 8904 terms highlighted surging interest in “sustainability assessment,” “residential buildings,” and “food waste,” alongside declining attention to “allocation” and first-generation biofuels (e.g., bioethanol, biodiesel). These shifts mirror persistent methodological challenges, particularly in data quality, standardization, and uncertainty handling. Together, the findings illustrate LCA's transformation into a dynamic platform at the intersection of environmental modeling and decision support, offering strategic potential to advance integrated sustainability research, innovation, and governance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":309,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Impact Assessment Review","volume":"116 ","pages":"Article 108093"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}