法学最新文献

{"title":"Informal Support Networks of Parents Involved With the Child Welfare System: Needs and Mental Health Symptoms.","authors":"Lenore M McWey, Melissa Radey, Carson Outler, Kristine Posada","doi":"10.1177/10775595251317946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595251317946","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Studies show the protective power of informal support networks for parents, however, most research in this area is not specific to the child welfare context. With a sample of parents with children involved with the U.S. child welfare system due to substantiated child maltreatment (<i>N</i> = 118), latent profile analyses revealed three distinct profiles of parents' informal support networks including perceived support, received support, and network demands. The profiles were associated with differences in sociodemographic risks, ACEs, and symptoms of depression and stress. Parents with four or more ACEs were more likely to be classified in the very little support profile versus the profile of parents with some support. Parents who had high levels of informal network support and a manageable level of network demands had lower levels of depression and stress compared to parents with very little network support. Implications for research and practice are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":48052,"journal":{"name":"Child Maltreatment","volume":" ","pages":"10775595251317946"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key Informants' Visions and Solutions to Improve Home- and Community-Based Services for Older Adults and Persons With Dementia.","authors":"Daniel Siconolfi, Molly Waymouth, Esther M Friedman, Debra Saliba, Regina A Shih","doi":"10.1177/01640275241269991","DOIUrl":"10.1177/01640275241269991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent decades have seen state successes in rebalancing Medicaid long-term care from institutional care (e.g., nursing homes) into home and community settings. However, significant barriers can prevent access to home and community-based services (HCBS) among older adults and persons with dementia. Qualitative research on potential innovations and solutions in the contemporary context with attention to a wider range of state-level policy contexts is limited. Drawing on interviews with 49 key informants including state Medicaid officials, HCBS providers, and advocates for persons with dementia across 11 states, we examined perceived solutions to barriers. Key informants articulated a range of potential solutions and innovations, ranging from tangible or realized policy changes to 'magic wand' solutions. Policy research has typically focused on the former; excluding the latter may miss opportunities to envision and design a more effective long-term care system for persons living with dementia and older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":47983,"journal":{"name":"Research on Aging","volume":" ","pages":"103-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11659055/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141890483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is Justice? Perspectives of Victims-Survivors of Gender-Based Violence.","authors":"Marianne Hester, Emma Williamson, Nathan Eisenstadt, Hilary Abrahams, Nadia Aghtaie, Lis Bates, Geetanjali Gangoli, Amanda Robinson, Sarah-Jane Walker, Elizabeth McCarthy, Andrea Matolcsi, Natasha Mulvihill","doi":"10.1177/10778012231214772","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012231214772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article explores \"how do victims-survivors of gender-based violence (GBV) experience and perceive justice?\" based on interviews with 251 victims-survivors with experience of different types of GBV and criminal, civil, and family justice systems. Victims-survivors were found to have multiple perceptions of justice, related to different points in their journey following abuse and regarding individual, community, and societal responses. Perceptions relate to accountability; fairness in outcome and process; protection from future harm; recognition; agency; empowerment; affective justice; reparation; and social transformation. Current understandings of justice in legislative and policy approaches reproduce the \"justice gap\" by failing to take account of how survivors themselves understand and demand justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"570-597"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138048061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's Not Something That I Realized Until I Started Working Here\": A Constructivist Grounded Theory of Knowledge Transmission in Victim Service Providers.","authors":"Shon M Reed","doi":"10.1177/10778012231214774","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012231214774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>National estimates indicate that intimate partner violence (IPV) impacts people of all social demographics. Although IPV is a pervasive issue, LGBTQ+ individuals and heterosexual men note stark disparities in responses from victim advocates compared to heterosexual women. To highlight the influence of agency training on advocates' perceptions of IPV and diverse survivor populations, interviews were conducted with victim advocates and constructivist grounded theory methods were employed. Analyses show that advocates undergo a three-phase process of learning about IPV when starting at their agencies. Advocate's narratives highlight limitations in training and the importance of workplace experiences in growing understanding of IPV.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"498-523"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136399445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bettie's travels: How pigs enable new connections between human health innovations and industrial agricultural pork production in Denmark.","authors":"Eva Vibeke Kofoed Pihl","doi":"10.1177/03063127241268772","DOIUrl":"10.1177/03063127241268772","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork, this paper unfolds the past and present uses of pigs that structured the emergence of a pig model of gut-hormone based appetite control, leading to the current scientific breakthrough in treatment of obesity. While the hyping of next generation medications for obesity and type 2 diabetes centers on the efficacy and profits attached to these drugs, I unfold how science embedded in this development had the in-vivo and in-vitro travels of Bettie-an obese Göttingen Minipig pig-at its heart. Tracing how she became embedded in a circuit of vitality connecting industrial agriculture and science on human health, I show how both are governed by a shared valuation of pigs' fat. Bettie's fat, however, was not to be eaten. Instead, Bettie was consumed in knowledge production. For pigs to enter this new trajectory, Bettie emerged as a promissory site for extraction of molecular information made possible by new visualization technologies and representational strategies that allowed for the coupling of human-pig physiology at the cellular level. While her travels were spurred by the hope of discovery of small molecules, Bettie allows us to grasp an important shift in science, as the insights derived from her work emphasized the importance of physiology and the environment for human obesity. In doing so, she served as a visceral model. On a larger scale, Bettie's entering science on human health reflects a recursive structure of knowledge in which the present problems with obesity and type 2 diabetes derive from the solutions to previous problems associated with alleviating hunger.</p>","PeriodicalId":51152,"journal":{"name":"Social Studies of Science","volume":" ","pages":"109-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of knowledge and behaviors of an opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution program during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.","authors":"Alexis E Horace, Ojochogwu Atawodi-Alhassan","doi":"10.1186/s12954-025-01161-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12954-025-01161-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The state of Louisiana ranked 4th in the US for per capita overdose rates as 56 out of 100,000 persons died due to overdose and 1,300 of those deaths involved opioids. Opioid involved deaths increased 131% between 2019 and 2022. A pharmacist-led opioid overdose education and naloxone distribution (OEND) program was developed at a SSP in New Orleans during the COVID-19 pandemic. The purpose of this research is to characterize the clients who participated in the OEND and to assess their learned knowledge and behaviors over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pharmacist led OEND program was created in April 2020 at a syringe service program (SSP) in New Orleans, Louisiana. OEND was provided by a licensed pharmacist and student pharmacists. OEND coincided with the SSPs activities one time a week. Participants first received harm reduction supplies through the SSP and then had the option of receiving OEND. Patients' demographic information was collected. Participants who said they received opioid overdose education from our OEND program were verbally given a knowledge and behavior assessment. Participants knowledge and behaviors were scored using a rubric.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 32 OEND sessions were held from July 2020 through February 2023 resulting in 1453 overall participant interactions. Repeat participants completed 269 visits and averaged 2.3 visits in three years. The average age of participants who received OEND was 40 years old. Additionally, participants who accessed OEND were primarily white (67.77%, n = 811/1300) and mostly male (59.15%, n = 769/1300). Among the participants who visited the OEND station more than once, 160 responses were collected for how helpful the previous education session had been. Of these responses, 75% (= 120/160) were \"Very helpful\". Participants who repeated the program retained knowledge and showed a positive change in their behaviors regarding opioid overdose reversal.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>OEND programs established at SSPs play an important role in providing education to PWUD. Participants knowledge sustained over time; however, refresher education sessions may be valuable to ensure participants stay accurately informed. Participants find OEND helpful. As naloxone continues to become increasingly available, OEND is necessary in preventing opioid overdose deaths.</p>","PeriodicalId":12922,"journal":{"name":"Harm Reduction Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11786467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143074735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Types of relations between national identity and global identity and their associated factors: A scoping review","authors":"Xin Li,&nbsp;Xiao Meng,&nbsp;Raquel A. Ruiz,&nbsp;Jun Wang,&nbsp;Jeffrey Liew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102142","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102142","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In an increasingly globalized world, individuals need to navigate between national and global identities. Yet, there is limited understanding of the different types of relations between these two types of identities that individuals can hold simultaneously. The present study addresses this need through a scoping review that summarizes the types of relations and associated factors, which are critical to guide research and practice in balancing national and global identities for individuals to thrive in both their nations and globalized societies. The present scoping review included 45 eligible empirical studies and identified 10 distinct types of relations between national and global identities. The associations between nations/regions, participants’ developmental periods and genders, perturbation factors (changes in participants’ contexts), and types of relations were summarized. Explanations for the types of relations in the reviewed studies were also summarized. In most regions of the world, participants’ national and global identities were negatively associated with each other, with national identity is prioritized. Adolescents and emerging adults tended to prioritize national identity, whereas adults’ national and global identities tended to increase or decrease simultaneously. Females were more likely to exhibit a balanced emphasis of both identities than males. Perturbation factors at the individual, country, between-country, and global levels each related to the types of relations in distinct ways. These factors also overlapped with rationales provided in the reviewed studies. Suggestions for future researchers and practitioners were offered to address gaps identified in the reviewed studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Explaining 2020 Trump support: The role of anti-Muslim, pro-police, and anti-BLM attitudes","authors":"Nazita Lajevardi ,&nbsp;Jan Zilinsky","doi":"10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102888","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102888","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For at least 75 years, social scientists have pointed to racial attitudes as a dominant force in American politics. But the relative positioning of outgroups can be dynamic, suggesting that attitudes toward one group might be predictive of vote choice in one electoral context, but not another. Here, we estimate which group attitudes in the U.S. were correlated with presidential vote choice from 2012–2020. Panel data at four time points during this period indicates that attitudes towards Muslims were the strongest predictor of Republican presidential support until 2019, but faded in substantive importance in 2020 when anti-BLM attitudes became highly prognostic. High-frequency weekly data from 2019-2020 pinpoints when this shift occurred: anti-Muslim prejudice shaped Trump approval from 2019 through May 2020. After the George Floyd murder, pro-police and anti-BLM attitudes immediately become the most important predictors of Trump approval, whilst the effect of anti-Muslim attitudes diminished.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48188,"journal":{"name":"Electoral Studies","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102888"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do voters prefer logrolling to compromise in parliamentary democracies?","authors":"Alejandro Ecker ,&nbsp;Thomas M. Meyer ,&nbsp;Carolina Plescia","doi":"10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102889","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electstud.2024.102889","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In countries ruled by coalition governments, government policy is the result of negotiations between parties with diverging policy positions. We study what type of deals voters are willing to accept in these negotiations: policy compromises on individual issues or logrolls where each party gets to keep its position on one issue while conceding on another one. Based on a pre-registered survey experiment conducted after the 2021 Dutch general election, we find no evidence that respondents prefer logroll deals over policy compromises <em>per se</em>. Yet, voters are more sensitive to their policy preferences when evaluating logroll compared to compromise deals. In additional analyses, we show that this logroll effect is more pronounced when the logroll allows parties to keep their positions on their respective core issues. Our results have wider implications for political representation and government formation processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48188,"journal":{"name":"Electoral Studies","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 102889"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and opportunities for creative non-fiction storytelling in agriculture research extension","authors":"Michael Thomson ,&nbsp;Amy Cosby ,&nbsp;Bobby Harreveld","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.103547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2024.103547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Australian agriculture research and development agencies use extension and communication programs to maximise adoption of new technologies and practices by farmers. This paper explores the potential of creative non-fiction (CNF) storytelling techniques, which have proved effective in other industries but are not widely utilised in agriculture. Semi-structured interviews with 14 agriculture extension practitioners and research communicators from across Australia revealed a belief that inclusion of CNF storytelling techniques in their practices would enhance farmer adoption of new technologies and practices and could be applied in a wide range of situations. However, they identified barriers preventing the technique being used including cultural norms which prefer objective information over subjective or creative expression of knowledge and experiences. Using thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, interpreted through the lens of social cognitive theory, this paper presents a conceptual model to demonstrate the potential of CNF to stimulate internal mental and external physical embodiment of ideas and the flow-on socialisation of this knowledge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 103547"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143131497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}