法学最新文献

{"title":"Self-affirmation, prejudice against muslim immigrants and French secularism: A dual motivation perspective","authors":"Constantina Badea ,&nbsp;Kevin R. Binning ,&nbsp;Armelle Nugier ,&nbsp;Yara Alnajjar ,&nbsp;Béatrice Sternberg ,&nbsp;David K. Sherman","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102256","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102256","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In France, “new secularism” laws established restrictive norms, such as prohibiting religious practices in public institutions. This approach contrasts with “historical secularism”, a more inclusive framework that upholds freedom of religious expression. We conducted a pilot study <em>(N</em> = 678) and a main experiment (<em>N</em> = 776) to examine how the norms of new vs. historical secularism interact with self-affirmation in influencing prejudice and perceived threat toward Muslim immigrants. In the pilot study, participants exposed to new secularism norms exhibited higher prejudice after completing a self-affirmation task. In the preregistered main experiment, we additionally measured participants’ concerns about appearing prejudiced against Muslims and their motivations to avoid bias (internal vs. external). Results showed that higher external motivation was associated with greater concerns about appearing prejudiced and higher levels of perceived threat toward Muslims, the latter particularly in the new secularism condition. In contrast, higher internal motivation was linked to lower levels of perceived threat and prejudice, irrespective of the normative context. The self-affirmation procedure reduced concerns about appearing prejudiced among participants with external motivation and lowered prejudice among participants with higher internal motivation to avoid intergroup bias. The discussion emphasizes the potential for new secularism norms to have disparate effects on attitudes towards religious groups. In ambiguous contexts of religious neutrality, self-affirmation can mitigate intergroup bias among individuals motivated by internal factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between type of exposure to the threat of terrorism and resilience in communal villages in Israel: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Dana Spiegel ,&nbsp;Moran Bodas","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102246","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102246","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study investigates the relationship between personal and community resilience and the type of exposure to the threat of terrorism (high vs. low) in communal villages in Israel. Drawing on Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence (SOC), Tedeschi and Calhoun’s Post-Traumatic Growth (PTG), and Hobfoll’s Conservation of Resources (COR) theories, the present study explores how resilience is shaped by psychological perceptions, access to social resources, and resource management strategies under chronic threat. Data were collected from residents of six villages stratified by type of exposure to the threat of terrorism and by religious composition. The findings indicate clear differences in resilience patterns among religious, mixed, and secular communities, and between communities with high and low exposure to the threat of terrorism. A multivariate regression model predicting community resilience explained 57 % of the variance, with community coherence emerging as the strongest predictor, including in non-religious settings. The present study highlights resilience as a perceptual-psychological construct shaped by both communal environment and subjective experience. These findings have theoretical and applied implications for fostering resilience and adaptive functioning in communities facing persistent threats of terrorism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","volume":"108 ","pages":"Article 102246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Remittance Receivers to Senders: Unpacking Transnational Care Circulation Among South Asian Student Migrants in Finland and Sweden","authors":"Zain Ul Abdin","doi":"10.1002/psp.70077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/psp.70077","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Research on transnational care through remittances has gained traction but remains largely focused on one-directional flows. Studies on remittances have examined external factors, such as structural facilities, and internal factors, including family dynamics, that shape remittance practices. However, most research predominantly explores North-to-South remittance flows. This study draws on a decade of periodic ethnographic research and 57 life story interviews with South Asian student migrants in Finland and Sweden to analyse how external and internal factors influence the bidirectional and multidirectional dynamics of transnational care economies. Families with members in two countries mainly receive support from India and Pakistan, whereas families spread across multiple countries receive support from both home and beyond, including the US and Spain, for up to 3 years. Some families transition from bidirectional to multidirectional support when the migrant moves abroad, expanding the household's remittance circulation capacity. Others receive remittances from already settled siblings within Finland and Sweden, reducing the need for cross-border support. Achieving self-sufficiency through employment marks a critical turning point where reverse remittances stop. Migrants then begin repaying support—often without explicit agreements—either to original supporters or to newer migrants until they establish their own families. This marks their transition from receivers to senders, often followed by a stage of non-sending. A comprehensive ‘life course’ approach to analysing remittance practices challenges the dominant view of student migrants as passive recipients, highlighting the complex and evolving nature of remittance roles within transnational care circulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":48067,"journal":{"name":"Population Space and Place","volume":"31 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/psp.70077","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sharing a home, but not a family: The unspoken stories of cohabiting with divorced partners and their children","authors":"Linna Sai, Grace Gao","doi":"10.1111/jftr.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jftr.70005","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reflects on the experiences of two women cohabiting with heterosexual partners who have children from previous marriages. Using duoethnography, we explore the challenges and possibilities of sustaining relationships and managing shared spaces in these complex family structures. Through a queer theoretical lens, we examine how non‐traditional family arrangements disrupt conventional gender roles and challenge nuclear family ideals. Unlike formalized stepfamily roles, cohabiting women occupy ambiguous positions, resisting societal caregiving expectations and rigid stepparent identities—dynamics that influence their personal and professional lives. Our findings contribute to stepfamily literature by centering the perspectives of cohabiting women, revealing how their roles remain fluid and continuously negotiated rather than predetermined. In doing so, we challenge the assumption that women in stepfamilies must inevitably adopt maternal roles. Ultimately, we advocate for broader recognition of diverse family forms and for social and organizational policies that better accommodate the complexities of contemporary relational arrangements.","PeriodicalId":47446,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Family Theory & Review","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144701469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic: Anxiety among high school students in Rafsanjan, 2021","authors":"Erfan Shahabinejad ,&nbsp;Amirreza Shakoeizadeh ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Askari Yazdian ,&nbsp;Mohsen Rezaeian ,&nbsp;Hassan Ahmadinia","doi":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.childyouth.2025.108494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic, which was first identified in Wuhan, China, has significantly exacerbated psychological problems, particularly anxiety. This study aims to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety levels among high school students in Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study was performed on 563 high school students. The Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS) questionnaire was used to collect data. To distribute the questionnaires, researchers visited schools and provided hard copies to selected students. Additionally, some participants completed the questionnaire via a link sent through email, Telegram, or WhatsApp. Statistical analyses included Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test, Kruskal-Wallis, independent t-tests, one-way ANOVA, and Pearson/Spearman correlation tests, and multivariate linear regression model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 563 high school students (83.5 % were girls, mean age = 17 years), 17.4 % had a history of COVID-19 infection. Additionally, 23.8 % reported infection or death among family members, 32.3 % among first-degree relatives, and 35.9 % among friends or classmates. Male students and older age groups exhibited significantly higher anxiety levels (p &lt; 0.05). Personal experiences with COVID-19 were significantly associated with increased Total anxiety score (p &lt; 0.05), while physical symptoms had minimal effect. These findings highlight the substantial psychological burden of the pandemic on students.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study emphasizes the urgent need for targeted mental health interventions that take into account factors such as age, gender, and personal experiences with COVID-19. These findings are essential for developing effective strategies to reduce the psychological impact of the pandemic on students.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48428,"journal":{"name":"Children and Youth Services Review","volume":"177 ","pages":"Article 108494"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Rednote Use Increase Unmarried Young Women's Risk Perception of Intimate Partner Violence in Marriage? A Chained Mediation Model of Media Trust and Social Comparison.","authors":"Liu Linsha, Tang Min","doi":"10.1177/10778012251362228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012251362228","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates whether Rednote use increases unmarried young women's perception of intimate partner violence (IPV) risk in marriage. Based on 448 responses, structural equation modeling shows media use predicts media trust and IPV risk perception. Media trust also predicts risk perception and mediates the effect of media use. Social comparison has no direct effect but influences risk perception indirectly through media trust. These findings reveal that media exposure and trust together heighten IPV risk perception and offer insight into how social media shapes awareness of domestic violence through psychological mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"10778012251362228"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144709022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Potential Effectiveness of an Online Gender-Based Violence Prevention Program for European Students-The Role of Gender Essentialism, Ambivalent Sexism, and Perceived Responsiveness of the University.","authors":"Agnieszka E Łyś, Kamilla Bargiel-Matusiewicz, Katrine Zeuthen, Giussy Barbara, Cristina Cattaneo, Federica Collini, Barbara Horten, Petr Pavlík, Irene Pellizzone, Irena Smetáčková, Esther Vitha Ringhof, Abisha Visnu, Marleen Orth","doi":"10.1177/10778012251362224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10778012251362224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluates the potential effectiveness of an online course concerning gender-based violence prevention, which combines the bystander intervention approach and the myths-based approach. The sample consists of 67 students who participated in three measurements-before the course, immediately after the course, and 3 months later. Gender-based violence myth acceptance decreased, and bystander efficacy increased after the course. The effects were the strongest among people with high ambivalent sexism and gender essentialism. The results suggest that the course was effective; however, a replication on a bigger and more diverse sample is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"10778012251362224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144699665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pandemic futures, future preparedness: diverse views in the wake of Covid-19.","authors":"Hayley MacGregor, Melissa Leach, Alice Desclaux, Melissa Parker, Catherine Grant, Annie Wilkinson, Kelley Sams, Khoudia Sow","doi":"10.1017/S0021932025100369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932025100369","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The deliberations for the Pandemic Accord have opened an important moment of reflection on future approaches to pandemic preparedness. The concept had been increasingly prominent in global health discourse for several years before the pandemic and had concretised into a set of standardised mainstream approaches to the prediction of threats. Since 2019, the authors and the wider research team have led a research project on the meanings and practices of preparedness. At its close, the authors undertook 25 interviews to capture reflections of regional and global health actors' ideas about preparedness, and how and to what extent these were influenced by Covid-19. Here, an analysis of interview responses is presented, with attention to (dis)connections between the views of those occupying positions in regional and global institutions. The interviews revealed that preparedness means different things to different people and institutions. Analysis revealed several domains of preparedness with distinct conceptualisations of what preparedness is, its purposes, and scope. Overall, there appear to be some changes in thinking due to Covid-19, but also strong continuities, especially with respect to a technical focus and an underplaying of the inequities that became evident (in terms of biosocial vulnerabilities but also global-regional disparities) and, related to this, the importance of power and politics. Here, the analysis has revealed three elements, cutting across the domains but particularly strong within the dominant framing of preparedness, which act to sideline direct engagement with power and politics in the meanings and practices of preparedness. These are an emphasis on urgent action, a focus on universal or standardised approaches, and a resort to technical interventions as solutions. A rethinking of pandemic preparedness needs to enable better interconnections across scales and attention to financing that enables more equitable partnerships between states and regions. Such transformation in established hierarchies will require explicit attention to power dynamics and the political nature of preparedness.</p>","PeriodicalId":47742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System dynamics approach to Indonesia's national tin production planning","authors":"Andri Budhiman Firmanto ,&nbsp;Dermawan Wibisono ,&nbsp;Manahan Parlindungan Saragih Siallagan ,&nbsp;Mohammad Zaki Mubarok ,&nbsp;Rani Febrianti ,&nbsp;Dinda T Andariesta","doi":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101742","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exis.2025.101742","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Indonesia, as the world's leading tin producer, faces increasing pressure to balance economic growth with sustainable resource management. Unregulated exploitation has led to environmental degradation, resource depletion, and market volatility. This study applies a system dynamics (SD) modeling approach to optimize national tin production by simulating three scenarios: low (40,000 tons/year), moderate (50,000 tons/year), and high (80,000 tons/year).Our methodology integrated: (1) data collection from government and industry sources; (2) causal loop diagramming to map system interconnections; (3) stock-flow model development in Vensim; (4) validation through pattern-matching; and (5) multi-scenario simulation across 50 years. Critical to this approach was the indexing of variables to capture temporal changes in resource quality and market conditions, enabling more accurate long-term projections. Analysis of reserve depletion, supply-demand ratio, prices, and revenue revealed that high production rates accelerate reserve exhaustion and trigger price suppression, reducing long-term revenue. Low to moderate production levels maintain higher prices and extend resource lifespan. The optimal production rate of 55,000–60,000 tons/year balances economic returns with sustainability and market stability. This study provides policymakers with a framework to align production quotas with sustainable development goals, supporting evidence-based regulations. Limitations include the exclusion of social, regional, and technological variables, which future research should address.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47848,"journal":{"name":"Extractive Industries and Society-An International Journal","volume":"24 ","pages":"Article 101742"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative review of Symbolism and Connectionism in AI&Law: Tracing evolution and exploring integration","authors":"Bin Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.clsr.2025.106166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AI&amp;Law explores computational methods for automating legal reasoning and prediction, evolving in parallel with AI research and developing along two primary paths: symbolic and connectionist approaches. Symbolic AI&amp;Law centers on the formal representation of legal concepts and performing reasoning based on statutes and case law. These methods have led to the development of rule-based and case-based reasoning systems, successfully implemented in legal expert systems. The primary advantage of symbolic approaches is their inherent explainability, although they face limitations due to the knowledge acquisition bottleneck. Connectionist AI&amp;Law encourages legal professionals to adopt inductive inference and use “bottom-up” learning models to extract hidden features from large datasets. This paradigm incorporates machine learning and natural language processing (NLP) techniques to address legal information extraction, retrieval, text classification, summarization, and legal prediction tasks. The advent of large language models (LLMs) has further expanded the capabilities of connectionist models, enabling more sophisticated legal text analysis and predictive accuracy, though issues of model transparency and hallucination remain active areas of research. The interaction between symbolic and connectionist approaches can complement each other. Symbolic models can enhance the transparency and explainability of connectionist systems, while connectionist techniques can optimize the scalability and efficiency of symbolic reasoning processes. These two paradigms exhibit strong potential for collaboration, particularly in the domains of explainable dialogue systems, neuro-symbolic systems, legal knowledge embedding and legal argumentation mining, etc.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51516,"journal":{"name":"Computer Law & Security Review","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 106166"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}