法学最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
The Origins of War : A Global Archaeological Review.
IF 2.2 2区 社会学
Human Nature-An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-024-09477-3
Hugo Meijer
{"title":"The Origins of War : A Global Archaeological Review.","authors":"Hugo Meijer","doi":"10.1007/s12110-024-09477-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12110-024-09477-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>How old is war? Is it a deep-seated propensity in the human species or is it a recent cultural invention? This article investigates the archaeological evidence for prehistoric war across world regions by probing two competing hypotheses. The \"deep roots\" thesis asserts that war is an evolved adaptation that humans inherited from their common ancestor with chimpanzees, from which they split around seven million years ago, and that persisted throughout prehistory, encompassing both nomadic and sedentary hunter-gatherer societies. In contrast, the \"shallow roots\" viewpoint posits that peaceful intergroup relations are ancestral in humans, suggesting that war emerged only recently with the development of sedentary, hierarchical, and densely populated societies, prompted by the agricultural revolution ~ 12,000-10,000 years ago. To ascertain which position is best supported by the available empirical evidence, this article reviews the prehistoric archaeological record for both interpersonal and intergroup conflict across world regions, following an approximate chronological sequence from the emergence of humans in Africa to their dispersal out of Africa in the Near East, Europe, Australia, Northeast Asia, and the Americas. This worldwide analysis of the archaeological record lends partial support to both positions, but neither the \"deep roots\" nor the \"shallow roots\" argument is fully vindicated. Intergroup relations among prehistoric hunter-gatherers were marked neither by relentless war nor by unceasingly peaceful interactions. What emerges from the archaeological record is that, while lethal violence has deep roots in the Homo lineage, prehistoric group interactions-ranging from peaceful cooperation to conflict-exhibited considerable plasticity and variability, both over time and across world regions, which constitutes the true evolutionary puzzle.</p>","PeriodicalId":47797,"journal":{"name":"Human Nature-An Interdisciplinary Biosocial Perspective","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142786761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Using Brief Habit Reversal to Decrease Speech Disfluencies in Public Speaking. A Systematic Replication
IF 1.8 4区 社会学
Research on Social Work Practice Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/10497315241301372
Anja Göhring, Christoph Bördlein
{"title":"Using Brief Habit Reversal to Decrease Speech Disfluencies in Public Speaking. A Systematic Replication","authors":"Anja Göhring, Christoph Bördlein","doi":"10.1177/10497315241301372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315241301372","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Many social workers are concerned about public speaking because of their use of speech disfluencies. Perrin et al. (2021) used brief habit reversal to reduce public-speaking speech disfluencies. The study was systematically replicated to evaluate the benefit of brief habit reversal training for social workers in decreasing speech disfluencies. Method: Nine students of social work, divided into three groups, participated in this study. After baseline, they received brief habit reversal, consisting of awareness training and instruction on a competing response. Results: The results showed that compared to baseline, all participants reduced speech disfluencies during brief habit reversal. The low rates of speech disfluencies were maintained during postsessions. At follow-up 2.5 to 6 weeks after training, six of nine participants achieved a reduction of at least 80 percent from baseline. Discussion: To further adapt the training to the field of social workers, further research would be necessary.","PeriodicalId":47993,"journal":{"name":"Research on Social Work Practice","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The problem of socio-territorial inequality in cultural policies: Unveiling policy frames through Barcelona policies (2019–2023)
IF 2.5 2区 社会学
Poetics Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101963
Mariano Martín Zamorano Barrios, Nicolás Barbieri Muttis
{"title":"The problem of socio-territorial inequality in cultural policies: Unveiling policy frames through Barcelona policies (2019–2023)","authors":"Mariano Martín Zamorano Barrios, Nicolás Barbieri Muttis","doi":"10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.poetic.2024.101963","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines how cultural policy frames embody and shape inequalities in cultural participation within urban settings. It explores both historical and contemporary policy frames, scrutinizing various approaches to cultural democratization and intersectional equity. From this perspective, we study how the cultural policies advanced by the Barcelona City Council framed inequalities in urban cultural participation and access to culture. The research employs thematic analysis of Barcelona's cultural policy documents and relevant stakeholder interviews to evaluate these frames' problem definition, prognosis, and collective action components. On this basis, the article identifies three main policy frames: constitutive, participatory, and intersectional, which are contrasted with policies implemented in the city from 2019 to 2023, including both pre- and post-COVID-19. The results reveal that although the local administration's policy frame broadly aligns with strategies and narratives of multidimensional participation and pro-intersectional equity frames, it also embeds tensions within and between specific social stratification and constitutive components of cultural policy design.","PeriodicalId":47900,"journal":{"name":"Poetics","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: Fieldwork in Social Work: A Practical Guide by M. Rezaul Islam
IF 1.8 4区 社会学
Research on Social Work Practice Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/10497315241305778
Alfira Nuarifia Handitasari, Farra Fadila
{"title":"Book Review: Fieldwork in Social Work: A Practical Guide by M. Rezaul Islam","authors":"Alfira Nuarifia Handitasari, Farra Fadila","doi":"10.1177/10497315241305778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315241305778","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47993,"journal":{"name":"Research on Social Work Practice","volume":"218 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Supply‐Side Versus Demand‐Side Unmet Need: Implications for Family Planning Programs”: A Comment
IF 2.5 2区 社会学
Population and Development Review Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1111/padr.12701
Mahesh Karra
{"title":"“Supply‐Side Versus Demand‐Side Unmet Need: Implications for Family Planning Programs”: A Comment","authors":"Mahesh Karra","doi":"10.1111/padr.12701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12701","url":null,"abstract":"I review a study by Senderowicz and Maloney (2022), which proposes an approach to classifying women's reasons for not using contraception as either being driven by supply‐side factors or by a lack of demand. Using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data from seven countries, the authors conclude that most unmet need can be attributed to demand‐side reasons for non‐use. I replicate the analysis and find errors in the authors’ calculations. When corrected, the relative differences between demand‐side and supply‐side reasons are smaller, and the proportion of women reporting supply‐side reasons is larger than demand‐side reasons in two countries. In addition, the approach does not account for endogeneity between supply and demand, which cannot be disentangled using cross‐sectional data like the DHS. Using longitudinal data, I find that more than four out of five women with “demand‐side unmet need” use contraception after receiving an intervention that reduced supply‐side barriers. I discuss the extent of inference gained by these indicators for informing programs, noting that women's true reasons for non‐use may be poorly proxied with cross‐sectional data, and prioritizing resources based on these reasons would fail to reach a nontrivial proportion of non‐users who would have preferred to contracept if access were improved.","PeriodicalId":51372,"journal":{"name":"Population and Development Review","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: Historias migratorias y educativas de estudiantes transfronterizos entre Estados Unidos y México
IF 3.8 1区 社会学
International Migration Review Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/01979183241299681
Francisco Salgado-Robles
{"title":"Book Review: Historias migratorias y educativas de estudiantes transfronterizos entre Estados Unidos y México","authors":"Francisco Salgado-Robles","doi":"10.1177/01979183241299681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183241299681","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48229,"journal":{"name":"International Migration Review","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Book Review: Police Social Work: Social Work Practice in Law Enforcement Agencies
IF 1.8 4区 社会学
Research on Social Work Practice Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/10497315241303694
Dadang Fernando, Nawaz Syarif, Muhammad Ilham Rasyid, Maleakhi Samuel Pasalli
{"title":"Book Review: Police Social Work: Social Work Practice in Law Enforcement Agencies","authors":"Dadang Fernando, Nawaz Syarif, Muhammad Ilham Rasyid, Maleakhi Samuel Pasalli","doi":"10.1177/10497315241303694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10497315241303694","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47993,"journal":{"name":"Research on Social Work Practice","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Knowing and Caring About the Impact of Crime on Victims: Results From an Intervention for Justice-Involved Youth
IF 3.8 1区 社会学
Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1177/15412040241305327
Carter Hay, Emily Hargrove, Kimberly M. Davidson, Ashton Cobb
{"title":"Knowing and Caring About the Impact of Crime on Victims: Results From an Intervention for Justice-Involved Youth","authors":"Carter Hay, Emily Hargrove, Kimberly M. Davidson, Ashton Cobb","doi":"10.1177/15412040241305327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/15412040241305327","url":null,"abstract":"Impact of crime (IOC) interventions are delivered to justice-involved populations to increase sensitivity to and awareness of the harm experienced by crime victims. Such programs are common, but empirical evaluations have been rare. This study addressed that gap by evaluating an IOC intervention used with residential youth in Florida. The study focused on two questions. First, did IOC participants experience improvement on key outcomes? Second, was improvement affected by key individual qualities of youth? Pre- and post-intervention survey data were collected for 419 IOC participants on five outcomes: Sensitivity to victim impact, willingness to take responsibility, antisocial thinking, readiness to make life changes, and factual awareness of victim impact. The analysis revealed that all five outcomes were marked by significant pre-to-post improvements. There was individual variation, with some youth showing substantial improvement and others showing modest improvement or iatrogenic effects. This pattern included modest evidence of greater improvement among those with extensive prior offending and lower improvement among Black youth. We conclude by describing the implications of these findings for the policy and practice of juvenile correctional treatment.","PeriodicalId":47525,"journal":{"name":"Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Examining Variation in Survey Costs Across Surveys
IF 6.3 2区 社会学
Sociological Methods & Research Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1177/00491241241298914
Kristen Olson, John Stevenson, Nadia Assad, Lindsey Witt-Swanson, Cameron P.E. Jones, Amanda Ganshert, Jennifer Dykema
{"title":"Examining Variation in Survey Costs Across Surveys","authors":"Kristen Olson, John Stevenson, Nadia Assad, Lindsey Witt-Swanson, Cameron P.E. Jones, Amanda Ganshert, Jennifer Dykema","doi":"10.1177/00491241241298914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00491241241298914","url":null,"abstract":"Self-administered surveys may be administered with a single mode or mixed data collection modes. How mixing modes of data collection affects survey costs is not well understood. We examine whether cost structures differ for mail-only versus web+mail mixed-mode surveys, what design features are associated with costs, and whether survey costs are associated with response rates. Using administrative survey cost data from two academic survey centers, we find that survey costs per sampled unit and per complete vary substantially across individual surveys. The average cost per sampled unit is surprisingly similar across mail-only and web+mail surveys. How the budget is allocated across printing, postage, incentive, and staff time varies across these designs: printing and postage costs are higher in mail-only surveys, and more of the budget is allocated to incentive costs and project management costs in web+mail surveys. Furthermore, higher cost surveys are associated with higher response rates, particularly for incentive costs.","PeriodicalId":21849,"journal":{"name":"Sociological Methods & Research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142789908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interest in healthcare work post-pandemic: A study on social work students' perspectives.
IF 2.1 4区 社会学
Social Work in Health Care Pub Date : 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/00981389.2024.2432643
Yaser Snoubar
{"title":"Interest in healthcare work post-pandemic: A study on social work students' perspectives.","authors":"Yaser Snoubar","doi":"10.1080/00981389.2024.2432643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00981389.2024.2432643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored social work students' attitudes toward healthcare responsibilities after the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Surveying <i>n</i> = 184 third and fourth-year Social Work students revealed a generally negative attitude toward working in healthcare. Factors such as age, marital status, academic level, personal or familial virus infection history, COVID-19 vaccination status, presence of chronic illness, or experiencing a COVID-19-related death did not significantly influence these attitudes. The challenges faced in healthcare during the pandemic, including psychological and physiological impacts, underscore the importance of equipping Social Work students with the necessary knowledge and skills for future healthcare roles. This research suggests that addressing students' concerns and competencies in Social Work curricula may positively influence their future healthcare field engagement.</p>","PeriodicalId":47519,"journal":{"name":"Social Work in Health Care","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信