法学最新文献

{"title":"Smoke's Enduring Legacy: Bridging Early-Life Smoking Exposures and Later-Life Epigenetic Age Acceleration.","authors":"Daniel Ramirez, Elena Povedano, Aitor García, Michael Lund","doi":"10.1215/00703370-11790645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00703370-11790645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Current literature states that early-life exposure to smoking produces adverse health outcomes in later life, primarily as a result of subsequent engagements with firsthand smoking. The implications of prior research are that smoking cessation can reduce health risk in later life to levels comparable to the risk of those who have never smoked. However, recent evidence suggests that smoking exposure during childhood can have independent and permanent negative effects on health-in particular, on epigenetic aging. This investigation examines whether the effect of early-life firsthand smoking on epigenetic aging is more consistent with (1) a sensitive periods model, which is characterized by independent effects due to early firsthand exposures; or (2) a cumulative risks model, which is typified by persistent smoking. The findings support both models. Smoking during childhood can have long-lasting effects on epigenetic aging, regardless of subsequent engagements. Our evidence suggests that adult cessation can be effective but that the epigenetic age acceleration in later life is largely due to early firsthand smoking itself.</p>","PeriodicalId":48394,"journal":{"name":"Demography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The myths of “Melting Pot” and “California Dream”: Ethnographic accounts of separation, marginalization, and intra-group conflicts among east asian international students","authors":"Benjamin H. Nam ,&nbsp;Alexander Scott English","doi":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the underexplored aspect of acculturation in the United States, focusing on analyzing the experiences of East Asian international students in California. Through layered accounts in narrative ethnographies, the study analyzed factors influencing separation and marginalization within two distinct national groups: (a) Chinese students in Northern California and (b) Korean students in Southern California. Thus, this study captured the subjectivities of two American authors, providing a rich and thick narration of the lived experiences of East Asian international students. The findings revealed that despite participants’ positive motivations and acculturation expectations, they encountered significant separation and marginalization. Notably, intra-group conflicts within the Chinese and Korean communities emerged as critical factors that exacerbated acculturative stressors, ultimately influencing decisions to leave their host communities. The study employed concepts from Confucianism within acculturation theory to analyze the experiences of these students, offering novel theoretical insights from emic and etic perspectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48216,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Intercultural Relations","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 102148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143092932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Banditry as rural crime?","authors":"Sara T. Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrurstud.2025.103593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nigeria has garnered international attention for the increase in bandit attacks over the past decade. Thousands of Nigerians have died, and many more have been displaced due to bandit attacks. Exploring bandit attacks through spatial exploration and analysis helps to identify where the problem is occurring. Historically, banditry has occurred in rural areas. To understand the current problem of banditry, this paper identifies rural areas in Nigeria through calculating the population density of Local Government Authorities. The location quotient of specific types of bandit attacks is also calculated and presented to identify specific areas that experience frequent types of bandit attacks. Spatial components of rurality and banditry in Nigeria are explored in greater detail. This approach helps to identify problem areas which can provide information about certain situational components and other factors present in rural areas that could be facilitating bandit attacks. This paper concludes with recommendations for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":17002,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Rural Studies","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 103593"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143183290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does women's education improve the sex ratio at birth? Gender, agency and sex-selective abortion in South and East Asia: a critical literature review","authors":"Rosie Peppin Vaughan","doi":"10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wsif.2024.103050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The increasingly skewed sex ratio at birth, a result of son preference and sex-selective abortions, is a pressing concern in development. It appears that many aspects of development (such as economic growth, technological development, and women's increasing economic independence and voice) are occurring alongside a growing number of ‘missing’ girls and women, with various adverse social and economic consequences.</div><div>A perplexing dimension is that women's education apparently has no clear relationship to the sex ratio at birth, and in some contexts appears to increase the propensity for sex selection. However, so far, studies have tended to use basic measures such as level or years of education, which do not explain whether and how educational experience affects traditional patriarchal norms and the relative value afforded to boys and girls. Drawing on a capabilities perspective on education, this article argues for a more nuanced concept of agency (which incorporates social structures and norms), and the need to integrate critical perspectives on the relationship between education, agency and empowerment. Finally, it makes a case for innovative measures of gender and education, which would allow comprehensive empirical exploration of how different forms of education affect women's capabilities and agency in relation to sex selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":47940,"journal":{"name":"Womens Studies International Forum","volume":"109 ","pages":"Article 103050"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143177619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating the currents: understanding awareness, attitudes, and menstrual hygiene management challenges in Bangladesh's Haor Region.","authors":"Abdul Basit, Omme Same Antu, Mahfuzul Mithun, Mohammad Shafiqul Islam","doi":"10.1017/S0021932024000415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021932024000415","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is an important but often neglected aspect of women's health worldwide, especially in developing and disaster-prone countries, such as Bangladesh. This qualitative study aimed to investigate awareness, attitudes, and practices related to MHM among girls in the Haor region, particularly during floods. The study adopts a phenomenological approach, and data were collected using purposive sampling from 33 women aged 15 years and above who resided in the Haor region. Thematic analysis was employed to identify the patterns, themes, and subthemes within the qualitative data. The study reveals a significant lack of widespread knowledge about menstruation among girls in the Haor area, which is associated with unfavourable family and social attitudes, and stigma or taboos. Natural hazards, cultural barriers, access to the market, economic incapacity, and inadequate infrastructure make it very difficult to manage menstruation, which is especially aggravated during floods due to displacement and shelter on the roadside, primary schools, and other people's houses. This research emphasises the need for tailored MHM programmes from the government to address the unique challenges faced by women in Haor regions. Provision of sanitary napkins and essential medicines, maintaining stock in shelters, and equipping community clinics with MHM-related healthcare services are essential. Finally, NGOs should prioritise MH within their scope of work.</p>","PeriodicalId":47742,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biosocial Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143123838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How congruent are populist parties with their constituencies? Evidence from the 2019 European Parliament Elections in Italy, the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden","authors":"Andrei Zhirnov ,&nbsp;Jan Philipp Thomeczek ,&nbsp;Michele Scotto Di Vettimo ,&nbsp;Alberto López Ortega ,&nbsp;André Krouwel ,&nbsp;Lorenza Antonucci ,&nbsp;Roberta Di Stefano ,&nbsp;Norbert Kersting","doi":"10.1016/j.electstud.2025.102906","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.electstud.2025.102906","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rise of populism in Europe has often been described as a response to representation deficits. Arguably, populist parties (1) contribute to the representation of underrepresented constituencies by taking stances that non-populist parties are too constrained to advocate and (2) make a promise of extreme responsiveness to those frustrated with the lack of representation. In this research note, we investigate whether populist parties are indeed closer to their voters in the policy space than non-populist parties and are more congruent with their constituencies than the other parties are with theirs. Using data from Italy, Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden, we find that populist parties are indeed often the best policy option for their voters, but the correspondence between their positions and those of their constituencies is on average as good or bad as that between other parties and their voters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48188,"journal":{"name":"Electoral Studies","volume":"94 ","pages":"Article 102906"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143151453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Earliest Taphonomic Evidence of Rabbit Exploitation by Humans in the Northwestern Mediterranean at Terra Amata (Nice, France)","authors":"Jacqueline S. Meier, Khalid El Guennouni, Patricia Valensi, Anne-Marie Moigne, Eugène Morin","doi":"10.1086/734102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1086/734102","url":null,"abstract":"Current Anthropology, Ahead of Print. <br/>","PeriodicalId":48343,"journal":{"name":"Current Anthropology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143125181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multidimensional Distances and Internal Migration in China: Spatial Patterns, Driving Factors and Regional Heterogeneity","authors":"Jiangbin Yin,&nbsp;Zhipeng Xu,&nbsp;Qianqian Zhang,&nbsp;Zhewen Kang","doi":"10.1007/s12061-025-09636-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12061-025-09636-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>At the global scale, cross-border migration as well as intra-country migration is common. As an individual-level adaptive strategy, migration has an important impact on economic development, socio-political and cultural process. However, scholars have mostly focused on spatial-temporal variations, predictions about migration using models and individuals’ behavior at the micro-level, only limiting researches that analyze migration from a multidimensional perspective. Therefore, in this paper, we focus on China’s floating population, empirically reveal the spatial distribution trend of migration and its influence mechanisms by constructing a multidimensional distances model. Results show that (1) The net migrating population shows a community structure, with low-value area’s agglomeration, and a multi-polar distribution in high-value areas, and some provincial capitals experiencing an obvious ‘population filling’ phenomenon. The migration flows are mainly from prefecture-level cities to capitals of the same province, and from neighboring cities to megacities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, etc. (2) After controlling the characteristic factors of the out-migrating place and the destination city, economic distance significantly promotes migration flows, while geographic, administrative and cultural distance hinders migration. (3) In different regions, there are significant differences in the mechanisms by which multidimensional distances affect migration. The study has constructed a relatively complete and unified analytical framework for the impact of multidimensional distances on migration, which can help enrich the study of migration in geography and provide scientific references for relevant policy formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":46392,"journal":{"name":"Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143108317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of Indonesian capture fisheries governance: Review and prospects","authors":"Agus Suherman ,&nbsp;Yayan Hernuryadin ,&nbsp;Putuh Suadela ,&nbsp;Ukon Ahmad Furkon ,&nbsp;Tono Amboro","doi":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106619","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.marpol.2025.106619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a maritime nation, Indonesia possesses vast potential in fisheries and marine resources. Proper management of these resources is essential to ensure they remain a source of food and economic prosperity for both present and future generations. This study aims to evaluate the evolution of governance practices and propose actionable strategies for future policy development. By analyzing historical and current governance frameworks, the research identifies the gaps and potential improvements needed for sustainable fisheries management. The research will closely analyze the effects of these regulatory shifts on the fishing industry, local fishers, and non-commercial fishing activities, with a particular emphasis on the creation of effective governance structures. The study begins by exploring the complexities and challenges unique to managing fisheries in Indonesia, which are more intricate compared to other countries. It also traces the history of fisheries management in Indonesia, detailing the development of its policies and the significant impact these policies have had on the growth of the fisheries sector. Based on the Indonesian Fisheries Law, the goal is to establish a well-structured and continuously improving fisheries management system. Key management systems and strategies in Indonesian fisheries are summarized in this study, along with their effects. The transformation in fishing governance, particularly through the adoption of zoning and quota systems, is expected to contribute to the sustainability of fish resources and economic growth. This research concludes that adopting a quota- and zone-based approach to capture fisheries management in Indonesia will be essential for regulating catches, thereby preserving fish stocks and supporting economic stability. However, due to the distinctive characteristics of Indonesian fisheries and the complex, often ambiguous nature of the sector, significant challenges remain. Moreover, there is an ongoing need to enhance data collection, scientific research, and collaboration among stakeholders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48427,"journal":{"name":"Marine Policy","volume":"174 ","pages":"Article 106619"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Receipt and Timeliness of Mental Health Assessment, Treatment, and Acute Services Following Foster Care Entry.","authors":"Ann S Swanson, Sarah A Font","doi":"10.1177/10775595251318934","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595251318934","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Children often enter foster care (FC) with mental health (MH) concerns. Failure or delay in initiating treatment may result in overreliance on acute MH services. This report leverages 2010-2019 linked administrative child welfare and healthcare claims data for 13,562 Wisconsin children entering FC at ages 3-16 years to describe patterns of MH services during FC and examine how MH service use varies by demographic characteristics and maltreatment, FC, and MH histories. Two-thirds of children received MH assessment or treatment during FC, of whom 61% initiated services within 3 months of entry. Younger age, kinship care, and absence of MH history were negatively associated with onset of assessment and treatment. One in 7 children used acute MH services, with higher rates for Black children, adolescents, and youth in non-family settings. Timely MH assessment and treatment is important for foster children's wellbeing, but current guidelines may lack accountability and monitoring mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":48052,"journal":{"name":"Child Maltreatment","volume":" ","pages":"10775595251318934"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143190952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}