法学最新文献

{"title":"When Empathy Helps and Hurts: Non-Linear Associations Between Early Childhood Maltreatment History, Empathy and Self-Harm Thoughts.","authors":"Sunghyun Hong, Andrew Grogan-Kaylor, Moohyun Kim, Anna E Bender, Shaddy Saba, Chi-Lin Yu, Lisa Fedina, Todd I Herrenkohl","doi":"10.1177/10775595261422448","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10775595261422448","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Child maltreatment is a well-established risk factor for self-harm, yet the affective processes underlying this association remain unclear. This study examines how empathy relates to the association between early childhood maltreatment and lifetime self-harm thoughts. Data from 303 adults were stratified based on the presence or absence of maltreatment history in early childhood. Self-reports of lifetime self-harm thoughts in adulthood and empathy during adolescence were examined in both groups using generalized additive models to assess non-linear relationships. Adults with early childhood maltreatment history were more likely to report self-harm thoughts than those without the history (χ² = 14.87, <i>p</i> < .01). A significant nonlinear association was observed between empathy and self-harm thoughts (effective degrees of freedom (edf) = 2.14, χ² = 9.67, <i>p</i> = .02), such that predicted probabilities of self-harm thoughts were lowest at moderate levels of empathy for both groups. Risk for self-harm thoughts was highest among individuals with early childhood maltreatment history and low or high empathy. While a moderate level of empathy can be protective from early childhood maltreatment, both low and high levels of empathy appear to increase the risk for self-harm thoughts. Findings suggest the need to further investigate the role of empathy as a \"risky strength\" among adults, particularly among those with histories of childhood maltreatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":48052,"journal":{"name":"Child Maltreatment","volume":" ","pages":"617-623"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Turkish Validity and Reliability of the Victim Gaslighting Questionnaire.","authors":"Gül Ergün, Aysun Güzel, Didem Şimşek Küçükkelepçe, Meltem Meriç","doi":"10.1177/10778012251397978","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012251397978","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to adapt the Victim Gaslighting Questionnaire (VGQ) into Turkish and evaluate its validity and reliability among women in Türkiye. This methodological epidemiological study collected data between February 1 and May 1, 2024, from 568 women aged 18 years and older. Data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL. The findings, supported by exploratory factor analysis (EFA), revealed a two-factor structure consisting of Peer Disagreement and Loss of Self-Trust, which was further confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Analyses indicated good model fit (χ²/df = 2.87, RMSEA = 0.058, CFI = 0.96). The scale demonstrated strong internal consistency (α = .91) and satisfactory subscale reliabilities. Findings suggest the Turkish VGQ is a psychometrically sound tool for assessing gaslighting.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"5592-5609"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145597613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Maltreatment in Foster Homes: The Role of Child Welfare Agency Policies.","authors":"Tamara Fuller, Shufen Wang, Martin Nieto, Zainab Suntai","doi":"10.1177/10775595251389599","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10775595251389599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Although maltreatment of children living in substitute care has significant negative consequences for both the children who experience it and for child welfare agencies, research examining this outcome is underdeveloped and has focused on a limited number of risk factors. Using administrative data from one Midwestern state and a social ecological framework, the current study examined the impact of multiple child, caseworker, case, and agency-level factors on the occurrence of maltreatment among children placed in foster homes. The results highlighted the importance of several agency-level factors. Foster home licensing was a significant predictor of substantiated maltreatment in substitute care, with children in unlicensed kinship and unlicensed fictive kinship foster homes at elevated risk of maltreatment compared to those in licensed placements. A majority of kinship and fictive kinship homes were unlicensed, which suggests that increasing licensure may improve child safety in substitute care. Other factors that increased the risk of maltreatment included larger caseworker caseloads, larger number of unrelated children in the foster home, and child mental health needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":48052,"journal":{"name":"Child Maltreatment","volume":" ","pages":"728-738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structured Topic Modeling of Child Fatal Injury Narratives Using Machine Learning with County-Level Demographic Indicators to Strengthen Prevention Strategies.","authors":"Gia E Barboza-Salerno, Karla J Shockley McCarthy, Taylor R Harrington, Charis Stanek, Sharefa A Duhaney, Scottye J Cash, Vincent J Palusci","doi":"10.1177/10775595251407301","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10775595251407301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Interventions for children at risk for fatal injury have been limited by the lack of systematic methods to detect and classify the circumstances surrounding deaths recorded in unstructured text narratives. To address this gap, we analyzed <i>N</i> = 453 child fatality reports from the Pennsylvania Department of Human Services (2016-2023). Each report was merged with the 2016-2021 American Community Survey (ACS) five-year estimates by county of death, incorporating county-level indicators of poverty and racial composition to provide sociodemographic context, as well as with report-level metadata on year and county of death. We then applied Natural Language Processing and Structured Topic Modeling, a machine learning algorithm that incorporated both ACS data and report metadata, to identify common themes in the narratives. The model revealed 11 distinct categories that included Severe Traumatic Injury (12%); Homicide due to Parental Neglect (10%); Medical History or Illness (11%); Institutional Negligence (5.3%); Sleep-Related Deaths (12%); Aggravated Assault (11%); Substance Misuse (13.4%); Failure to Supervise (6%); Supervisory Neglect (6%); Drowning (8%); and Firearm-Related Injury (6%). Analysis of temporal and sociodemographic covariates showed that some themes (e.g., Homicide due to Parental Neglect) declined over time, while others (e.g., Substance Misuse) became more prevalent. Counties with higher poverty levels and larger non-White populations showed a greater prevalence of Firearm-Related Injury and Severe Traumatic Injury, while counties with larger non-White populations had lower rates of Drowning and a marginal association with fewer Sleep-Related Deaths. Integrating ACS data and report-level metadata with computational text analysis and machine learning models can generate actionable insights into the circumstances of child deaths, strengthen fatality surveillance, and inform targeted prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":48052,"journal":{"name":"Child Maltreatment","volume":" ","pages":"700-716"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping Resident Perspectives on Safety, Participation, and Security Devices: Insights into Community Security Governance in Urban China.","authors":"Sihan Yang, Hideki Koizumi","doi":"10.1177/0306624X261433190","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0306624X261433190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Community safety is maintained through both security devices and resident-involved safety activities in contemporary China; however, limited empirical research has compared their respective influences on perceptions of safety, or further discussed security governance from the perspective of residents' lived experiences. Drawing on questionnaire data from Suzhou Industrial Park, China, and integrating quantitative results with qualitative insights, the study reveals that residents generally report a high sense of security, with neighborhood relationships exerting limited influence. The anonymity characteristic of modern communities subtly shapes this dynamic. Despite privacy concerns, security devices enjoy widespread acceptance, driven by perceived protective value and familiarity. Participation in community safety activities is moderately high, supported by certain contextual conditions and promotional efforts. The study concludes with recommendations to enhance community safety, including optimizing surveillance management while ensuring privacy protection, fostering inclusive engagement through targeted outreach, and enhancing urban living services to promote long-term residency.</p>","PeriodicalId":48041,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology","volume":" ","pages":"1577-1600"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147677760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intervention Intentions and Donation Decisions for Nonprofit Organizations Combating Violence Against Women: The Role of Holistic versus Analytic Thinking Style.","authors":"Blanca Requero, David Santos, Manuel Martín-Fernández","doi":"10.1177/10778012251401891","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012251401891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This research explored the role of holistic-analytic thinking style in predicting the willingness to intervene in cases of intimate partner violence against women and donation decisions to nonprofit organizations combating this issue. Specifically, holistic individuals (as measured individual difference or manipulated state) were more willing to intervene and donate. These effects were mediated by participants' beliefs about intervention and donation contributions. Across three empirical studies, we used samples from different populations and different methodological approaches to increase the generalizability of our findings. Our research offers insights for nonprofit organizations combating this problem about how to increase fundraising effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"5610-5635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145709644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resist, Remedy, or Retaliate? Perpetrators' Responses to Sexual Violence Confrontation by Women Ridesharing Drivers.","authors":"Jocelyn Elise Crowley","doi":"10.1177/10778012251391132","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012251391132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>One area where sexual abuse has been understudied is among women ridesharing drivers in the United States, where they commonly face what is known as technology-facilitated gender-based violence from mostly male riders. A key research question is how these male passengers respond when women drivers fight back through confrontation. This study uses 47 incidents of sexual abuse from 25 drivers from an online survey to demonstrate that perpetrators are most likely to <i>resist</i> (continue their abuse), followed by a smaller number where they attempt to <i>remedy</i> the situation, and least frequently <i>retaliate</i> against their drivers.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"5107-5135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145439334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Meaning of Missing: The Hidden Power of Police Data Recording Practices in Rape Cases.","authors":"Gordana Uzelac, David Buil-Gil, Katrin Hohl, Jo Lovett","doi":"10.1177/10778012251397982","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012251397982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Missing values represent a major weakness of police-recorded crime data. This article examines missing data in rape cases recorded by five police forces in England and Wales between January 2018 and December 2020. A thematic analysis of semistructured interviews with police practitioners reveals factors that influence missing information in police datasets, and quantitative data analyses explore the volume and patterns of missing data across cases defined by different victim, suspect, and offense characteristics. Finally, we investigate the impact of missing data on outcomes of police investigations. We find that missing data is partly explained by victim, suspect, and case characteristics and is also associated with outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"5209-5239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145606236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"(Mis)Perceptions of the Use of Deadly Force by Police: Exploring the Role of Social Media Consumption.","authors":"Rick Dierenfeldt, Ellee Jackson, Jared Rosenberger, Tammy S Garland, Chance Reasonover, Kyle A Burgason","doi":"10.1177/0306624X241227408","DOIUrl":"10.1177/0306624X241227408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent high-profile uses of deadly force by police in the United States and elsewhere have been the subject of extensive media coverage and social unrest. In turn, researchers have exhibited nascent interest in the factors that influence the use of deadly force by police, as well as vignette-driven studies of circumstances in which deadly force is believed to be acceptable. Less attention has been paid to perceptions of the frequency with which deadly force is used, proportion that is legal and necessary, to what extent its use varies by race, or how these beliefs are shaped by media consumption. Using survey methodology, we examine the perceptions of 458 respondents from the Southeastern United States in relation to the frequency with which deadly force is used, proportion that is legal and necessary, to what extent its use varies by race, and how these beliefs are shaped by social media consumption net of the effects of personal demographics and experiences. Our findings indicate the majority of respondents drastically overestimate both the frequency with which police use deadly force and the proportion of incidents involving suspects who are people of color, while underestimating the proportion of incidents that are legally justified and necessary. These perceptions are influenced, in part, by social media consumption but the effects vary in direction and significance by social media platform.</p>","PeriodicalId":48041,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology","volume":" ","pages":"1554-1576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139693252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shared Identity, Selective Sympathy: Evidence From a Survey Experiment on Attitudes Toward Domestic Violence.","authors":"Tasnia Symoom","doi":"10.1177/10778012251401886","DOIUrl":"10.1177/10778012251401886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While present research investigates ingroup favoritism toward perpetrators of violence against women, few studies focus on how combinations of shared and unshared identity between respondents, perpetrators, and victims affect justice perceptions. Using a survey experiment with two domestic violence vignettes in Bangladesh (<i>n</i> = 698), this study introduces selective solidarity theory to evaluate how identity combinations influence retributive attitudes. Findings indicate reduced support for punishment when both parties share the respondent's religious identity and greater condemnation of religious outgroup perpetrators, highlighting the need for culturally grounded responses to group-based bias in justice.</p>","PeriodicalId":23606,"journal":{"name":"Violence Against Women","volume":" ","pages":"5388-5411"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145709866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}