IF 4.7 1区经济学

Urban Studies Pub Date : 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/00420980261492432

Taylor Davey

{"title":"The politics of calculative tools in practice: Climate budgeting in Edmonton","authors":"Taylor Davey","doi":"10.1177/00420980261492432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980261492432","url":null,"abstract":"Climate budgeting aims to integrate carbon accounting into municipal financial budgeting, promising to align annual spending decisions with long-term emissions targets. Yet limited attention has been given to how this calculative framework operates within existing administrative practices and contested political contexts. This article examines the City of Edmonton’s 2022 Carbon Budget, the first municipal climate budget implemented in North America. Drawing on interviews, policy documents, and observations of public budget deliberations, it traces how carbon metrics were developed, applied to budget profiles, and interpreted by administrators and councillors. The analysis finds that efforts to translate climate impacts into conventional fiscal formats encountered substantial methodological limits. Most investments could not be quantified, indirect and longer-term effects remained excluded, and aggregated results suggested proposed climate investments would have little effect on Edmonton’s emissions pathway. Rather than increasing transparency or building consensus, the project intensified disagreements over municipal responsibilities, public support, and the justification of climate spending. Comparison with Oslo demonstrates that climate budgeting’s effects may depend less on technical design than on the political authority, administrative capacity, and institutional relationships within which it operates. Climate budgeting should be understood not as a transferable accounting solution, but as a situated deliberative framework that makes some climate impacts visible while reorganizing, rather than resolving, political contestation.","PeriodicalId":51350,"journal":{"name":"Urban Studies","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149198908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Closing Ranks: Organized Labor and Immigration 团结一致：有组织的劳工和移民

IF 8.2 1区经济学

Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1086/744504

Carlo Medici

引用次数: 0

Reference Points and Affordability Perceptions of Hybrid Maize Seed in Uganda: Evidence on Endowment and Expectations 参考点和可负担性观念在乌干达杂交玉米种子：关于禀赋和期望的证据

IF 3.4 2区经济学

Journal of Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/1477-9552.70093

Astrid Mastenbroek, Robert Sparrow, Geoffrey Otim, Christine Kawuma

{"title":"Reference Points and Affordability Perceptions of Hybrid Maize Seed in Uganda: Evidence on Endowment and Expectations","authors":"Astrid Mastenbroek, Robert Sparrow, Geoffrey Otim, Christine Kawuma","doi":"10.1111/1477-9552.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1477-9552.70093","url":null,"abstract":"Despite demonstrated yield advantages, adoption of hybrid maize seed in Sub‐Saharan Africa remains low, raising questions about smallholders' perceptions of value and affordability. We examine whether farmers value hybrid maize seed differently depending on whether they already possess it or form expectations about likely prices or ownership, and how this affects willingness to pay (WTP) for a 1‐kg pack of seed in Uganda. We elicit WTP and willingness to accept (WTA) using Becker‐DeGroot‐Marschak auctions and measure ownership expectations with a multiple price list. The experiment tests three mechanisms: an endowment effect, by comparing WTP and WTA; price expectations, by randomly varying price probabilities; and ownership expectations, by varying the probability of keeping the seed for free. We find a strong endowment effect: farmers require substantially more money to give up seed they already possess than they are willing to pay to acquire the same seed, with WTA exceeding WTP by about 60%. The average WTP of UGX 4605 is well below the market price of UGX 8500. Loss aversion is associated with lower WTP and higher WTA, but these effects are small, imprecise, and do not explain the valuation gap. We do not find evidence that price expectations or ownership expectations generate economically meaningful reference points. Overall, our results indicate that current possession of seed is a more salient benchmark for valuation than forward‐looking expectations. These findings suggest that scaling strategies establishing early ownership, such as trial packs or plant‐now/pay‐after‐harvest schemes, may be more effective than attempts to shift price expectations alone.","PeriodicalId":14994,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"471 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149172821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Theory of Economic Coercion and Fragmentation 经济强制与分裂理论

IF 8.2 1区经济学

Journal of Political Economy Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1086/744505

Christopher Clayton,Matteo Maggiori,Jesse Schreger

引用次数: 0

Major Global Disruptions and Food Security Links–How the Iran War and Chokepoint Tensions May Affect Global Hunger 重大的全球破坏和粮食安全联系——伊朗战争和咽喉紧张局势如何影响全球饥饿

IF 4.7 3区经济学

Agricultural Economics Pub Date : 2026-10-15 DOI: 10.1111/agec.70152

Bernardina Algieri, Lukas Kornher, Joachim von Braun

{"title":"Major Global Disruptions and Food Security Links–How the Iran War and Chokepoint Tensions May Affect Global Hunger","authors":"Bernardina Algieri, Lukas Kornher, Joachim von Braun","doi":"10.1111/agec.70152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/agec.70152","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The escalation of conflict in the Middle East in 2026 and the disruptions affecting major maritime chokepoints, particularly the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab el-Mandeb/Red Sea corridor, threaten global food security through higher energy, fertilizer, and shipping costs. We argue that the shock is more structural than previous crises because it simultaneously affects core agricultural inputs and trade routes, unlike the 2022 price spike in the wake of the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which primarily caused temporary supply shortages. This has especially severe consequences for import-dependent economies in the Gulf area, Africa, and other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). While energy price shocks can be transmitted relatively quickly to food markets through immediate changes in production and transportation costs, shipping cost and fertilizer price shocks tend to operate with longer adjustment lags because they propagate through physical supply chains and agricultural production processes. Prolonged energy market disruptions stemming from conflict around the Strait of Hormuz, together with tensions affecting Bab el-Mandeb, or future disruptions from (geo)political conflicts, entail the risk of trade policy responses and further market disturbances that could exacerbate the ongoing crisis. We highlight that rising prices for energy, shipping, and food are placing an immense strain on LMICs already burdened by heavy debt, limited access to finance, and inflationary pressure, with implications for food security and hunger.</p>","PeriodicalId":50837,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Economics","volume":"57 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/agec.70152","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149205784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Externalities of Responsible Investments 责任投资的外部性

IF 8 1区经济学

Journal of Finance Pub Date : 2026-10-14 DOI: 10.1111/jofi.70082

MICHELE BISCEGLIA, ALESSIO PICCOLO, JAN SCHNEEMEIER

引用次数: 0

The NFL draft and host-city hotel occupancy NFL选秀和主办城市酒店入住率

IF 1 4区经济学

Contemporary Economic Policy Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1111/coep.70034

E. Frank Stephenson

引用次数: 0

Did unilateral-no-fault divorce laws raise divorce rates? 单方面无过错离婚法提高了离婚率吗？

IF 1 4区经济学

Contemporary Economic Policy Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-05-19 DOI: 10.1111/coep.70042

Jordan D. Hillman

引用次数: 0

The specifics of non-routine task changes: A granular approach 非常规任务变化的细节：粒度方法

IF 1 4区经济学

Contemporary Economic Policy Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-04-30 DOI: 10.1111/coep.70041

Carol A. Scotese

引用次数: 0

Institutional Design, Outside Director Effectiveness, and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Japan's 2015 Hybrid Board Reform* 制度设计、外部董事效能与股价崩盘风险：来自日本2015年混合董事会改革的证据*

IF 1.4 4区经济学

Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies Pub Date : 2026-10-14 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1111/ajfs.70044

Baiqiao Yin

{"title":"Institutional Design, Outside Director Effectiveness, and Stock Price Crash Risk: Evidence from Japan's 2015 Hybrid Board Reform*","authors":"Baiqiao Yin","doi":"10.1111/ajfs.70044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ajfs.70044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigates the effect of a hybrid board structure that combines Anglo-American principles with traditional Japanese practices on stock price crash risk. The 2015 amendment to Japan's Companies Act introduced the Audit and Supervisory Committee (ASC) structure, designed to strengthen outside directors' effectiveness through enhanced statutory authority, improved information access, and greater influence over board decisions. Using panel data from Japanese listed firms from 2013 to 2019 and employing a difference-in-differences approach, this study finds that ASC adoption significantly reduces future crash risk. This effect is more pronounced in firms with higher board independence and those with female outside directors, which benefit more from the institutional advantages of ASC adoption. However, the “unnatural selection” of outside directors weakens this relationship, indicating that formal compliance alone is insufficient to improve governance outcomes. Overall, the findings suggest that hybrid board structures can achieve broad acceptance while enhancing the effectiveness of outside directors when tailored to local institutional contexts, offering practical guidance for reforms in insider-dominated economies.</p>","PeriodicalId":8570,"journal":{"name":"Asia-Pacific Journal of Financial Studies","volume":"55 5","pages":"591-634"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149177297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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