化学•材料最新文献

{"title":"Enantiomer-Dependent Modulation of Lithium Uptake and Accumulation in Plants by Foliar Application of Chiral SeNPs","authors":"Mengting Tong,Chao Lin,Zhenlan Xu,Xuezhi Yang,Lingxiangyu Li,Yawei Wang,Guibin Jiang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c10162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c10162","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of lithium-based new energy technologies has led to substantial lithium inputs into soil, potentially threatening human health through the consumption of lithium-accumulated agricultural products. Therefore, efficient strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the uptake and accumulation of lithium in plant fruits. Nanotechnology offers promising avenues for enhancing stress resilience and improving the quality of crops grown in contaminated soils. Here, we found that lithium was distributed unevenly among tissues (leaves: 1365, roots: 508, stems: 112, and fruits: 24 mg kg–1) of eggplants grown in lithium-contaminated soil. Notably, foliar spraying of selenium nanoparticles with levorotatory chirality (l-SeNPs) effectively reduced fruit lithium content and promoted its accumulation in the leaves, roots, and stems, in which vacuolar compartmentalization was the primary pathway for tolerance to high lithium content, whereas the dextrorotatory enantiomer showed no such effects. Mechanism investigation elucidated that l-SeNPs can reinforce antioxidant defense systems of eggplant under lithium stress through a microbiome–metabolome–transcriptome bridging cascade, in which l-SeNPs substantially affected rhizosphere bacterial and metabolic networks along with minor changes in the bioavailability of lithium in rhizosphere soil. This study sheds light on the superiority of nanoscale chirality in modulating lithium uptake and accumulation in plants grown in metal-contaminated soil, providing strategies for agromining of lithium.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Importance of Carboxyl Groups in Photochemically Excited Triplet Formation of Chromophoric Dissolved Organic Matter","authors":"Huajing Zhou,&nbsp;Hongyan Ren,&nbsp;Lingxiang Zhao,&nbsp;Yu Lei,&nbsp;Xin Lei,&nbsp;Jiarui Han,&nbsp;Bo Pan","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c09614","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.6c09614","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Carboxylationand decarboxylation are among the most ubiquitousprocesses in chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) transformation,occurring during humification, photooxidation, and microbial activity.However, their impacts on the formation of excited triplet-state CDOM(³CDOM*) remain poorly constrained. Using more than 20model compounds representing common CDOM chromophores, we demonstratethat carboxylation enhances triplet quantum yields (Φ) by 1.1–69-foldrelative to their parent compounds. Consistently, Φ values ofCDOM isolates positively correlate with their carboxyl content. Theoreticalcalculations reveal that carboxylation shifts the lowest excited statefrom locally excited π–π* character toward mixedn−π*/charge-transfer states and increases spin–orbitcoupling, thereby promoting intersystem crossing and triplet formation.Building on these insights, we developed quantitative models thatpredict Φ using thermodynamic and electronic descriptors andestablished empirical relationships between Φ and bulk CDOMproperties, including molecular weight and total antioxidant capacity.Furthermore, solar irradiation of humic acid induced decarboxylationaccompanied by a decline in Φ, whereas carboxyl introductionenhanced the overall photochemical reactivity of CDOM toward organiccontaminant degradation. Together, these findings elucidate how carboxylation–decarboxylationmodulates ³CDOM* formation, advancing mechanistic understandingof aquatic reactive species generation and natural attenuation oforganic contaminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"60 41","pages":"29608–29617"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148933355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Multiple Reaction Pathways for Ambient Consumed Volatile Organic Compounds Derived from Emission Sources","authors":"Tao Yang,&nbsp;Baoshuang Liu,&nbsp;Liqin Duan,&nbsp;Yuan Ma,&nbsp;Zhongwei Luo,&nbsp;Yinchang Feng,&nbsp;Philip K. Hopke","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c05906","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.6c05906","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A novel method was developed to quantify source-specificvolatileorganic compound (VOC) consumption via multiple reaction pathways,including daytime hydroxyl (^•OH) radical reactionsand nighttime ozone (O₃) and nitrate radical (NO₃^•) reactions. This approach integrates positivematrix factorization (PMF) with observed and initial-concentrationdata, enabling simultaneous source apportionment of both emitted andchemically consumed VOCs. The method was applied to hourly VOC measurementsmade in Linfen, a typical industrial city in China, from April toOctober 2023. Eight emission sources were resolved and quantifiedfor their contributions to VOC consumption through different reactionpathways. During the study period, the mixed source of industrialemissions and solvent usage was the dominant contributor (31.4%) toconsumed VOCs, primarily driven by daytime ^•OH reactionsof alkenes. Natural gas and liquefied petroleum gas usage (15.6%)exhibited higher nighttime consumption due to late-evening emissionsfrom residential and commercial activities. Biogenic emissions contributed10.8% to the consumed VOCs, mainly driven by daytime ^•OH and nighttime NO₃^• reactions. Dieselvehicle emissions, petrochemical industry, coking enterprise emissions,combustion emissions, and gasoline vehicle emissions contributed modestly(∼6–12%). This method advances the understanding ofVOC loss mechanisms and provides scientific support for source-specificO₃ control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"60 41","pages":"29479–29491"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149091979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Supply Chains Reduce the Cost of Achieving Paris Agreement Solar PV Targets by More Than Previously Estimated","authors":"Shuxian Zheng,&nbsp;Tong He,&nbsp;Yize Liu,&nbsp;Xiaomei Cai,&nbsp;Kepeng Lu,&nbsp;Lixiao Zhang,&nbsp;Yan Hao","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c09393","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.6c09393","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global supply chains (GSCs) reduce solar photovoltaic(PV) modulecosts and accelerate deployment for Paris Agreement targets. Usingproduction, trade, price data, and learning curve modeling acrossregions, we estimate that GSCs could enable 4085 million tonnes ofCO₂ emission reductions from 2018–2030 through productionscale-up. Relative to a counterfactual without GSCs, cost savingsrepresent 15.85–17.95% of the cumulative module costs requiredfor the 1.5 °C target. Validation against 2022–2025 data,however, reveals that these estimates are conservative: recalibratedlearning rates and trade growth yield 77–99% higher savingsby 2030. Stricter trade policies could erode savings by ∼8%,but learning gains far outweigh potential losses. Maintaining opensupply chains is essential for capturing the full cost-reduction potentialof solar PV.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"60 41","pages":"29392–29411"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149091982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanochemistry-Enabled One-Pot Formation of 1,2,4-Triazoles toward the Sustainable Penipanoid A Synthesis","authors":"Sachin Balu Chavan,Dipali Rao,Sushila Dilraj Joshi,Mangala Phadte","doi":"10.1021/acs.joc.6c02087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.joc.6c02087","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanochemistry has emerged as a transformative innovation in chemical synthesis, enabling solvent-free, energy-efficient transformations that align with the principles of green chemistry. Herein, we report a sequential two-step, one-pot ball-milling protocol for the synthesis of 1,3,5-trisubstituted 1,2,4-triazoles, expanding the scope of nitrogen heterocycle chemistry into the mechanochemical domain. N-aroyl and acyl amidines were prepared quantitatively from benzamides, heteroaryl carboxamides, and alkyl carboxamides using 1,1-dimethoxy-N,N-dimethylmethan or ethanamine (DMF-DMA or DMA-DMA), or Bredereck’s reagent (tert-butoxy bis(dimethylamino)methane) under solvent-free milling conditions, followed by condensation with hydrazines in the presence of acetic acid to afford triazoles in good to excellent yields (51–91%). The methodology demonstrated broad substrate tolerance, including aryl, heteroaryl, and alkyl derivatives, and was successfully applied to the sustainable synthesis of penipanoid A, a bioactive marine natural product, under mild, solvent-free conditions.","PeriodicalId":57,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Organic Chemistry","volume":"234 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.354,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal Evolution and Vertical Distribution of Size-Resolved Aerosol Composition and Mixing State within the Boundary Layer Using an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle","authors":"Tian Zhang,&nbsp;Juying Lu,&nbsp;Jiao Xue,&nbsp;Lu Yang,&nbsp;Ting Deng,&nbsp;Shulan Chen,&nbsp;Haitao Zheng,&nbsp;Long Yun,&nbsp;Joseph Ching,&nbsp;Fuqing Cao,&nbsp;Xiaoquan Song,&nbsp;Kan Huang,&nbsp;Huaqiao Gui,&nbsp;Jianguo Liu,&nbsp;Bingbing Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c03627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c03627","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Characteristics of individual particles and aerosol mixingstatestrongly influence atmospheric chemistry, radiation, and cloud formationyet remain poorly constrained. Here, we investigated the spatiotemporalevolution of size-resolved particle composition in a coastal environmentby applying a new capability using a microscopy-based particle samplercoupled to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). With sampling resolutionsup to 30 m and 1 min, over 100 000 particles were analyzed by computer-controlledscanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.The observations revealed a pronounced temporal transition in particlechemistry from sea-breeze-influenced aerosol dominated by aged seasalt and dust (46–83%) to continentally impacted aerosol dominatedby organic-sulfur-containing particles (57–89%). Fine-resolutionvertical profiles further showed that this transition was governedby the complex interactions among boundary layer dynamics, regionaltransport, and secondary aerosol formation in the coastal atmosphere.The aerosol mixing state showed pronounced diurnal variability andsize dependence but weak vertical variation. Formation of organic-sulfur-containingparticles shifts the aerosol population toward external mixing, decreasingthe mixing state index from 53% to 27%. These findings provide newinsights into aerosol transformation and demonstrate the value ofhigh spatiotemporal single-particle characterizations for understandingaerosol environmental and climatic impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"60 41","pages":"29452–29467"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149218998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rebuttal to Correspondence on “Kidney Urate Underexcretion Mediates the Relationship between Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances and their Alternatives and Uric Acid Levels: Evidence from a Case–Control Study and an Animal Study”","authors":"Li-Xia Liang,Wan-Ting He,Yun-Ting Zhang,Mohammed Zeeshan,Zhengmin Qian,Mario Schootman,Stephen Edward McMillin,Shu-Li Xu,Yue Wen,Wen-Wen Bao,Li-Zi Lin,Zhao-Huan Gui,Kun Ye,Guang-Hui Dong","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c12331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c12331","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unlocking the Exceptional Activity of CuS in Fenton-Like Reactions via a Novel Hydroxide–Sulfur Interaction","authors":"Liangjie Wang,Xinyi Zhang,Jian Wei,Xinyue Xie,Yu Gao,Zhixiong Hu,Xinyao Liu,Zhuang Guo,Yue Liu,Lixuan Ma,Huazhang Zhao,Yonghui Song","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c14066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.6c14066","url":null,"abstract":"Promoters have been explored to improve Fenton-like reactions for wastewater treatment, yet they are often costly and may cause secondary pollution. This study demonstrates that alkali (OH–), as an inexpensive and environmentally friendly chemical, acts as an efficient promoter for copper sulfide (CuS) by inducing polarization of the disulfide bonds in CuS. OH– substantially enhanced the generation of hydroxyl and sulfate radicals in the CuS/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system, achieving a >100-fold increase in the apparent degradation rate of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). With OH– assistance, a CuS-packed continuous-flow reactor demonstrated long-term stability (≥800 h), sustaining >95% SMX removal, <1% residual PMS, <0.03 mg/L Cu2+ leaching. Final effluent pH remained stable at 6–9, meeting all applicable discharge standards. Furthermore, the OH–/CuS/PMS system significantly reduced the toxicity of actual wastewater. Density functional theory calculations revealed that the interaction between OH– and disulfide bonds in CuS enhanced the electron spin density and improved the 3d orbital energy level of CuS, promoting electron transfer from CuS to PMS. This work presents a cost-effective Fenton-like system that achieves robust pollutant degradation while ensuring exceptionally low metal dissolution and a consistently discharge-compliant effluent pH (6–9), collectively underscoring its viability for sustainable wastewater remediation.","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":9.028,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Remote Control of Excited-State Chemistry in Positive Reversibly Switchable Fluorescent Proteins","authors":"Anam Fatima,Danielle Rosenberger,YongLe He,James N. Iuliano,Gregory M. Greetham,Partha Malakar,Andras Lukacs,Peter J. Tonge,Stephen R. Meech","doi":"10.1021/acs.jpclett.6c02808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.6c02808","url":null,"abstract":"Positive reversibly switchable fluorescent proteins (+rsFPs) are genetically encoded fluorescent labels allowing super-resolution microscopy without the fading inherent in the better established negative (−) rsFPs. Typically, switching is initiated by an ultrafast excited-state isomerization reaction. Here, we investigate the ultrafast photophysics of four structurally similar variants of the archetypal +rsFP Padron, including Padron0.9, Padron2, Kohinoor, and a newly reported “reverse” Kohinoor mutant (Kohinoor S176F) using ultrafast optical and vibrational spectroscopy. Padron0.9 exhibits an efficient excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) reaction in parallel with photoisomerization, whereas Kohinoor and Padron2 do not. Remarkably, introducing the single reverse mutation S176F in Kohinoor restores Padron-like ESPT dynamics, even though the mutation is remote from the proton donor. This result demonstrates that a single amino acid residue near to, but not in direct H-bonded interaction with, the chromophore can govern the fate of excited states. TRIR measurements reveal distinct changes in the local hydrogen-bonding network and chromophore–protein interactions associated with ESPT-active variants and further reveal a key role for H-bonding between the chromophore and an arginine residue through a study of the R66K mutant of Padron0.9. Overall, these results show that subtle mutations shift the excited state between proton transfer and photoisomerization pathways, providing mechanistic insight into photoswitching in rsFPs, thus guiding the design of improved fluorescent proteins for superresolution bioimaging.","PeriodicalId":62,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.475,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149221720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Strengths and Limitations of Toxicokinetic-Toxicodynamic (TKTD) Models for Freshwater Microalgae","authors":"Emma Yenney,&nbsp;Nina Cedergreen","doi":"10.1021/acs.est.6c05753","DOIUrl":"10.1021/acs.est.6c05753","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic(TKTD) models are increasinglyusedto enhance environmental risk assessment by linking laboratory toxicitydata with dynamic exposure scenarios. For freshwater microalgae, whichare crucial primary producers, TKTD approaches offer a framework topredict population growth inhibition and recovery under fluctuatingchemical stress. A review of 12 studies (2012–2023) applyingTKTD models to freshwater planktonic microalgae was conducted to comparetheir structural assumptions, end points, and validation methods.These models mainly focus on green algae and herbicides that inhibitphotosystem II, with limited exploration of other taxonomic groupsor modes of action. The complexity of models varies significantly,from simple structures assuming rapid equilibrium between externaland internal chemical concentrations to mechanistic models that explicitlyincorporate TK components and damage progression. While simple modelssupport regulatory use, omitting TK processes can reduce their effectivenessfor chemicals with delayed effects or complex uptake behaviors. Expandingtaxonomic coverage and enhancing external validation under realisticexposure conditions is crucial to increasing the ecological relevanceof algal TKTD modeling.</p>","PeriodicalId":36,"journal":{"name":"环境科学与技术","volume":"60 41","pages":"29229–29244"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149151440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}