计算机科学最新文献

{"title":"SF-CAMNet: A spatial–frequency fusion network for robust spatial-domain image steganalysis","authors":"Mehnaz Batool,&nbsp;Adil Bashir","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2026-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2026-0036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Spatial domain image steganalysis has become increasingly important due to the widespread use of digital images for communication and data sharing over the internet and social media. While steganography enables secure communication and digital watermarking, it can also be exploited for malicious purposes, making reliable detection essential. This study proposes SF-CAMNet, a deep learning framework for spatial-domain image steganalysis that integrates spatial and frequency-domain features. The model combines Spatial Rich Model (SRM) filters, the Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM), Mish activation, and a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) branch to enhance the detection of subtle embedding artifacts. Performance was evaluated on the BOSSBase v1.01 dataset using S-UNIWARD, WOW, HILL, HUGO, and MiPOD at payloads of 0.2 and 0.4 bpp. Cross-dataset evaluation on the BOWS2 dataset further demonstrates the robustness and generalization capability of the proposed model. Experimental results show that SF-CAMNet achieves competitive performance compared with state-of-the-art spatial-domain image steganalysis methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"48 5","pages":"820-837"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2026-0036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Special issue on trustworthy and safe AI: Interpretability, robustness, and security","authors":"Sungwon Yi,&nbsp;Dae Hun Nyang,&nbsp;Jaehyung Kim,&nbsp;Jaegul Choo,&nbsp;Daeseon Choi,&nbsp;Soonmin Hwang","doi":"10.4218/etr2.70162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etr2.70162","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in large language models (LLMs) and physical robotics, have rapidly reshaped daily life and industrial applications. As these systems become more capable and autonomous, ensuring their safety, trustworthiness, robustness, and alignment with human values has become increasingly important. In response to these challenges, this special issue on “Trustworthy and Safe AI: Interpretability, Robustness, and Security” brings together recent research that advances the safety and trustworthiness of AI across diverse models, systems, and real-world applications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This special issue received 50 submissions, reflecting the growing research interest in trustworthy and safe AI. Following a rigorous peer-review process, 11 papers were selected for publication. Together, these studies span several interconnected dimensions of the field, ranging from emerging security threats in LLMs and multi-agent systems to robustness, autonomous system safety, and explainability for practical deployment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The following five papers focus on emerging security and safety threats across modern AI systems. These studies examine how vulnerabilities arise from adversarial attacks, multi-agent interactions, social context, multilingual settings, and hidden information while exploring the corresponding mechanisms for detection and defense.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In [&lt;span&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;], the authors investigate a more evasive mixed clean/dirty-label X-to-X backdoor attack and propose an ensemble defense that combines complementary detectors such as Neural Cleanse, PT-RED, CEPA, and MMBD. This work is significant because it addresses both robustness and interpretability, and the ensemble improves resilience across diverse backdoor mechanisms while also supporting trigger inversion to help explain the nature of the detected attack. By jointly considering stronger adversarial attacks, generalized defense, and interpretable backdoor analysis, this study aligns well with the themes of Trustworthy and Safe AI: Interpretability, Robustness, and Security.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In [&lt;span&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;], the authors study how a single malicious agent can compromise the collective decision-making of otherwise well-aligned LLM agents in a collaborative financial multi-agent environment and proposes a data-lineage-based systemic defense. Its main contribution is to show that the interaction dynamics themselves can become a security vulnerability, extending AI safety concerns beyond isolated models to multi-agent societies. By analyzing poisoning, social conformity, and system-level verification across multiple models and network settings, this study offers timely insights into the robustness, safety, and trustworthy coordination of emerging autonomous multi-agent AI systems.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The paper [&lt;span&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;] titled “Lost in the comments: Social context as a single-pass jailbreak and defense on agentic platforms” by Jeongsu Park and colleagues investigates how comments","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"48 5","pages":"763-767"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etr2.70162","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Thrust Spacecraft Reachable Set in Three-Body Problem Based on Grid Method and Pseudospectral Convex Programming","authors":"Haojing Zhai, Changxuan Wen, Dong Qiao, Chao Peng","doi":"10.1109/taes.2026.3745497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3745497","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13157,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untangle Generalization Errors for Better Test-Time Adaptation in Overparameterized Linear Regression","authors":"Songming Zhang, Yuxiao Luo, Siran Chen, Ying Shi, Xiaofeng Chen, Xinwang Liu, Jinyan Li","doi":"10.1109/tnnls.2026.3734549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tnnls.2026.3734549","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13303,"journal":{"name":"IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Optimal Power Allocation and Performance Analysis for the HSIC-PA Aided Hybrid NOMA","authors":"Ning Wang, Ziyue Lv, Yanshi Sun, Minghui Min, Shiyin Li","doi":"10.1109/tvt.2026.3745631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3745631","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13421,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An LC Resonance Based Multiport DC Solid-State Circuit Breaker","authors":"Songming He, Jin Zhu, Yulong Jia, Lixin Wu, Guoning Xu, Tongzhen Wei","doi":"10.1109/tie.2026.3741230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tie.2026.3741230","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13402,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STPA-based analysis of driver misuse risk scenarios in level 3 automated driving","authors":"Yangkoo Lee,&nbsp;Eun Hye Jang,&nbsp;Mi Chang,&nbsp;Kezia Amanda Kurniadi,&nbsp;Jiwoo Han,&nbsp;Woojin Kim,&nbsp;Daesub Yoon","doi":"10.4218/etrij.2026-0204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4218/etrij.2026-0204","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper proposes an analytical framework that integrates the SOTIF perspective with System-Theoretic Process Analysis (STPA) to systematically analyze driver misuse in Level 3 automated driving environments. In Lv.3 systems, drivers must intervene when Takeover Requests (TOR) occur, making misuse a critical safety risk even when the system operates as intended. Driver misuse is modeled as inadequate control actions within the control structure, and the four psychological states that induce misuse—overtrust, distrust, distraction, and interference—are treated as the causal factors of those unsafe control actions. Following the STPA procedure, 41 causal scenarios were derived and evaluated using severity, likelihood, and controllability. Clustering analysis was then applied to identify recurring risk patterns and representative Risk Archetypes. The results show that many high-risk scenarios are strongly related to drivers' failures to perceive or properly respond to TOR. The proposed framework provides a structured basis for understanding driver misuse risks and supports the design of driver monitoring, improved HMI strategies, and multilayer safety assistance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":11901,"journal":{"name":"ETRI Journal","volume":"48 5","pages":"868-883"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.4218/etrij.2026-0204","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149222842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prey carrying and passive wing load alleviation reconfigure longitudinal stabilization in a gliding barn owl.","authors":"Samuel C Stanton, Elias S Laroussi","doi":"10.1088/1748-3190/aeb0eb","DOIUrl":"10.1088/1748-3190/aeb0eb","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An experimentally informed model of gliding barn-owl flight with prey carriage and passive wing load alleviation is developed to examine trim, static stability, and dynamic response. Baseline trim predictions agree with prior owl data and are shown to be more consistent with a minimum-sink condition than with minimum drag coefficient or maximum lift-to-drag ratio. A generalized static-stability analysis demonstrates that vertical center-of-gravity offset and drag-induced moments, including those associated with prey carriage, contribute directly to the pitching-moment balance, so that the pitching-moment slope is not determined by fore-aft center-of-gravity position alone. Prey carriage is found to drive the generalized static margin further into the unstable region and to shorten the time to double amplitude of the dominant mode. In the dynamic model, passive wing load alleviation attenuates the dominant unstable mode and shifts its character, as measured by unit-invariant modal participation factors, from a fast short-period-like response to a slower, more phugoid-like response as compliance increases. With passive alleviation present, modest proportional wing-pitch feedback is sufficient to place the system poles in the stable left-half plane. These results indicate that load carriage and passive compliance can reshape the stability properties of gliding flight, reducing the control required to maintain steady trajectories without requiring a classically stable configuration.</p>","PeriodicalId":55377,"journal":{"name":"Bioinspiration & Biomimetics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149118888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cooperative Task Offloading with Multi-Agent PPO in Autonomous Underwater Vehicle Networks","authors":"Qi Zhang, Xiaoming He, Haitao Zhao","doi":"10.1109/tvt.2026.3745570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tvt.2026.3745570","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13421,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology","volume":"153 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Least ln-cosh-based adaptive filtering algorithm for graph signal processing","authors":"Chong Zhang, Haiquan Zhao","doi":"10.1109/taes.2026.3745491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/taes.2026.3745491","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13157,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149226316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}