工业工程最新文献

{"title":"Holographic imaging and machine learning for microplastic size and shape analysis in water","authors":"Ismaila Abimbola ,&nbsp;Thangavel Thevar ,&nbsp;Marion McAfee ,&nbsp;Leo Creedon ,&nbsp;Hanieh Khosravi ,&nbsp;Salem Gharbia","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100558","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics are a growing global concern, particularly in drinking water, due to their potential negative impacts on human health. To effectively monitor, quantify and understand the sources and implications of microplastics in water, it is critical to identify their physical and chemical properties. However, existing laboratory-based methods popularly used for characterising microplastics have several limitations. Using a novel method, this study explored the feasibility of quantifying the physical properties of microplastics in water. Specifically, we utilised a portable holographic camera to record digital holograms of commercial microplastics floating in water. Furthermore, we developed a simple Python algorithm to determine the size of the microplastics from the particle images. This study also evaluated and compared the performance of two deep-learning architectures, MobileNetV2 and ResNet101, in classifying the shapes of the microplastic particles into spherical and hemispherical shapes. Findings from this study demonstrate the capability of the proposed holographic system to rapidly and automatically produce particle images of microplastics while simultaneously measuring their sizes. Performance metrics, including accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, confusion matrix and training time, showed that MobileNetV2 achieved the best performance despite being a more lightweight model with fewer parameters than ResNet101. Therefore, MobileNetV2 was recommended for classifying the shapes of microplastics from particle images. The time and cost-effectiveness of the proposed digital holographic method make it suitable for large-scale monitoring of microplastics in water. This will be significant in identifying the sources, understanding their behaviour and reducing the associated health risks to humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100558"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144911678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFOA promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell progression by suppressing ferroptosis via the ATF4/SLC7A11/PDK4 axis","authors":"Wenli Hu ,&nbsp;Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaohang Guo ,&nbsp;Zhuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Ping Zhu ,&nbsp;Xiushan Wu ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100556","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100556","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are persistent pollutants with emerging hepatotoxic and tumor-promoting concerns. Differences in effects between long- and short-chain PFAS on liver tumor progression remain unclear. We examined transcriptomic and functional effects of PFOA (long-chain), GenX (short-chain), and their 1:1 mixture on HepG2 cells exposed to a nominal total concentration of 0.02 mg/L. Using RNA-Seq, qPCR, and assays for proliferation, migration and invasion, we found that PFOA induced the largest number of differentially expressed genes and markedly promoted proliferation, migration and invasion via activation of TNF and insulin-resistance pathways. PFOA also suppressed ferroptosis through upregulation of the ATF4/SLC7A11/PDK4 axis, supported by decreased BODIPY-C11 lipid peroxidation and lower labile Fe²⁺. GenX showed substantially weaker effects, and the mixture produced intermediate responses consistent with a concentration-addition (dose-dilution) explanation. These findings indicate that PFOA promotes malignant phenotypes of existing liver cancer cells in vitro rather than demonstrating de-novo carcinogenesis, and highlight the need to evaluate tumor-promoting and hepatotoxic effects of PFAS under both single-compound and mixed exposures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100556"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistent and emerging brominated flame retardants in indoor dust and human hair from remote agro-pastoral areas of Inner Mongolia: Pollution characteristics, source apportionment, and human exposure","authors":"Moson Dalutai ,&nbsp;Jianing Zheng ,&nbsp;Jie Sun ,&nbsp;Yuhao Fan ,&nbsp;Ye Wu ,&nbsp;Qiexue Yang ,&nbsp;Bolong Guo ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Jun Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100553","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100553","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), poses significant environmental and health risks, yet data on their contamination in remote agro-pastoral regions remain scarce. This study systematically investigated the pollution characteristics, sources, and human exposure risks of PBDEs and NBFRs in indoor dust and human hair from 11 households in Inner Mongolian grasslands. Results revealed that PBDEs were ubiquitous in all dust samples (median ∑₁₀PBDEs: 15.8 ng/g dw, with a 95 % confidence interval of 2.88–48.1 ng/g dw), dominated by BDE-209 (73.6–100 %), reflecting legacy Deca-BDE usage despite regulatory restrictions. NBFRs (median ∑NBFRs: 0.77 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 0.42–1.14 ng/g dw) in dust were predominated by hexabromobenzene (HBB, 41.7 %) and pentabromobenzylacrylate (PBBA, 18.8 %). In human hair, PBDEs (median ∑₁₀PBDEs: 6.77 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 2.31–52 ng/g dw) showed comparable levels to urban populations, with BDE-209 contributing 71.7–99.7 %, while NBFRs (median ∑NBFRs: 0.64 ng/g dw, 95 % CI: 0.23–1.97) mirrored dust profiles (HBB: 43.4 %), suggesting dust as a likely exposure route (<em>r</em> = 0.575–0.699, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Source analysis identified Penta-/Octa-BDE degradation and industrial applications (plastics/textiles for tetrabromo-<em>p</em>-xylene (pTBX)-pentabromobenzene (PBBz)-pentabromotoluene (PBT); electronics for PBBA-HBB) as key contributors. Human age-dependent accumulation patterns was observed, with higher PBDEs in the elderly and increasing PBBz/PBT levels with age (<em>r</em> = 0.528–0.564, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Despite lower dust contamination than urban areas, hair-based exposure highlighted non-dust pathways (e.g., air inhalation) for low-brominated congeners. These findings underscore the persistent risks of legacy PBDEs and emerging NBFRs in remote regions, advocating for stricter lifecycle management of BFR-containing products and long-term health monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100553"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144926052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brake wear particles from various temperatures: emission characteristics, generation processes and evolutions","authors":"Yachao Wang ,&nbsp;Aihong Li ,&nbsp;Hang Yin ,&nbsp;Sheng Su ,&nbsp;Yitu Lai ,&nbsp;Wanyi Chen ,&nbsp;Xin Wang ,&nbsp;Jianwei Tan ,&nbsp;Lijun Hao ,&nbsp;Shijin Shuai ,&nbsp;Yunshan Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100554","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100554","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brake particle emissions are receiving global attention and are a major focus in the Euro 7 and China 7 regulations. Based on a 1/5 scale brake dynamometer, this study investigated the brake particle emissions from NAO-cast iron brake assemblies under various temperatures (350 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C). Particles with the size of 1∼10 μm (PL1) were analyzed. In low temperature single brakes, PL1 emissions exhibited a sharp initial increase followed by a gradual decline due to the absence and subsequent formation of secondary plateaus, where the contribution of particles at 8–10 μm decreased as braking progressed. Under high IBT (initial brake temperature) conditions, multiple PL1 spikes occurred within a single brake, driven by the dynamic formation and rupture of secondary plateaus. The rupture was influenced by reduced adhesive strength and thermal degradation-induced gases. The relative standard deviation of average PL1 concentrations stabilized at 7.90 %–16.38 % under thermally stable conditions, yet the average PL1 concentrations varied with thermally stable temperatures, leading to different emissions even under identical braking conditions. Increasing IBT from 25 °C to 100 °C amplified PL1 spikes by 2–10 times due to weakened mechanical strength and reduced actual contact area. Additionally, high-temperature pretreatment further elevated PL1 emissions by 2–5 times, promoting abrasive wear and increasing the contribution of particles at 5–10 μm. These findings provided new insight into the brake particle emission characteristics under continuous high-temperature brakes and the underlying reasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100554"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144890735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of microplastics under 20 μm in road dust using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS)","authors":"Dana Fahad M.S. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Inae Jeon ,&nbsp;Abhrajyoti Tarafdar ,&nbsp;Jiyul An ,&nbsp;Yerim Koo ,&nbsp;Jung-Hwan Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100555","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100555","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Detecting microplastics (MPs) under 20 μm has been challenging, yet these tiny particles may pose significant threats to human health and the environment. They can be inhaled or ingested, potentially leading to respiratory diseases and gastrointestinal problems. This research proposed confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) for identifying MPs smaller than 20 μm and to support its validity by comparing results to a typical gravimetric analysis for these small MPs in road dust samples using pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Pyr-GC/MS). A total of 30 road dust samples were collected from urban areas in Seoul and 15 samples from rural regions throughout South Korea. A strong agreement was observed between the results obtained from CLSM and Pyr-GC/MS, confirming the effectiveness of both methods in measuring MPs under 20 μm especially when polyolefins are dominating MPs. CLSM, coupled with BiofilmQ software, enabled precise volumetric analysis, while Pyr-GC/MS provided rapid identification of chemical compositions, suggesting that they are complementary. Mass concentrations of MPs in rural road dust (14.2 ± 6.4 μg g⁻¹) were greater than those in urban road dust (7.8 ± 4.6 μg g⁻¹), likely due to less stringent plastic waste management and increased agricultural plastic use in rural areas. This study builds upon prior volumetric imaging methods by enabling mass quantification of MPs under 20 μm using CLSM and validating the results against Pyr-GC/MS in real-world road dust samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100555"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144903439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MPs in drinking water and beverages: Concentrations, characteristics and implications for human exposure","authors":"Muneera Al-Mansoori,&nbsp;Stuart Harrad,&nbsp;Mohamed Abou-Elwafa Abdallah","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100552","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100552","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microplastics (MPs), plastic particles between 1 μm and 5 mm, are emerging contaminants of global concern due to their widespread environmental presence and potential health risks. Their detection in drinking water and beverages raises significant public health concerns, as ingestion represents a primary human exposure route. While research has had been extensively studied in marine environments, research on MPs presence in drinking water is still emerging, and even less is known about their occurrence in other beverages such as tea, coffee, soft drinks, and juices. This literature review aims to evaluate the occurrence, characteristics, and human exposure to MPs through drinking tap water, bottled water, and hot/cold beverages. A systematic review of studies published between 2014 and 2024 was conducted using four major science databases with strict inclusion/exclusion criteria to ensure methodological rigour. Key findings reveal notable variability in MPs concentrations across regions and beverage types, influenced by multiple factors including water sources, packaging materials, heat exposure, distribution networks, as well as analytical variability originating from different methodologies and reported size ranges. Reported MPs sizes in beverages ranged between &lt;1 μm up to 5 mm, with a generally observed increase in abundance towards lower size ranges &lt;50 μm. Fibres and fragments dominated the MPs shapes reported in the studied beverages with limited contribution from beads and pellets. Common polymers identified were polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) and polyvinylchloride (PVC), which were frequently linked to water pipes and packaging materials for beverages; however, the lack of data distinguishing contributions from specific sources such as bottle caps versus bottle bodies. Estimated daily intakes (EDI) suggest children experience disproportionately higher exposure levels relative to their low body weight.</div><div>This review underscores that beverages beyond water are underexplored; yet may contribute substantially to human exposure to MPs. We emphasize the urgent need for standardized MPs sampling and analytical methods to improve comparability, enable accurate exposure assessment, and inform public health guidelines.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100552"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bio-inspired natural fibers-derived e-skin equipped with intelligent drug-release system for advanced robustly-integrated melanoma therapy","authors":"Xinhua Liu,&nbsp;Yifan Fei,&nbsp;Boqiang Cui,&nbsp;Xing Chen,&nbsp;Jiamin Zhang,&nbsp;Ouyang Yue,&nbsp;Zhongxue Bai,&nbsp;Ling Wen,&nbsp;Huie Jiang","doi":"10.1186/s42825-025-00210-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42825-025-00210-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Malignant melanoma, a highly aggressive malignancy, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies integrating biomaterial innovation with multimodal treatment modalities. Herein, we report the development of a collagen-derived bioelectronic skin (c-ADM) nanoengineered via interfacial assembly of porcine acellular dermal matrix (ADM)—a natural collagen-rich scaffold—with conductive poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) and copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuS-NPs). This hybrid system synergizes photothermal ablation, stimuli-responsive drug delivery, and electrostimulation (ES) for comprehensive postoperative melanoma management and tissue regeneration. The c-ADM platform exhibits superior mechanical robustness, enzymatic resistance, and biocompatibility, enabling real-time motion monitoring while maintaining structural integrity in dynamic physiological environments. Leveraging the photothermal efficiency of CuS-NPs, localized hyperthermia (ΔT &gt; 40 °C) under near-infrared (NIR) irradiation induces irreversible melanoma cell apoptosis. Concurrently, laser-triggered temperature-responsive drug release enables synchronized photothermal-chemotherapy, with sustained doxorubicin release profiles at tumor sites. Notably, pH-responsive Cu²⁺ liberation from CuS-NPs facilitates intelligent functional switching: bactericidal activity at tumor microenvironment pH (5.0–6.0) and pro-regenerative effects under physiological pH (7.4) for wound healing. In vitro/in vivo assessments confirm c-ADM’s dual therapeutic efficacy including ES-enhanced cancer cell death via mitochondrial dysfunction and accelerated full-thickness skin regeneration through collagen remodeling and angiogenesis modulation. This work establishes a collagen-based bioelectronic scaffold for personalized oncological care, integrating intraoperative tumor eradication, postoperative surveillance, and adaptive tissue reconstruction.</p><h3>Graphic Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":640,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Leather Science and Engineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://JLSE.SpringerOpen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s42825-025-00210-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144843175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution and occurrence of antibiotic resistance genes and microbial diversity in western Hainan's inshore seawaters: A seasonal study","authors":"Chi Yang ,&nbsp;Yongqiang Qin ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang ,&nbsp;Ardavan Farhadi ,&nbsp;Sai Wang ,&nbsp;Xiaoping Diao ,&nbsp;Jia Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100550","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2025.100550","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) have become one of the threats to human health worldwide. In this study, SmartChip real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and qPCR was employed to quantify the ARGs and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) at 24 sampling sites of western Hainan. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA was utilized to analyze the structure of microbial communities. The correlation among ARGs, environmental factors, MGEs, and microbial diversity was analyzed to elucidate the distribution, possible sources, and potential hosts of ARGs during the dry and rainy seasons. The results showed that 122 ARG species with a 93.85 % detection rate and 13 MGE species with a 100 % detection in the inshore waters of western Hainan during the dry and rainy seasons. The absolute abundance of ARGs and MGEs was higher during the dry seasons compared to the rainy seasons. Among these, aminoglycoside resistance genes exhibited the highest absolute abundance during the dry season, followed by MLSB resistance genes, while peptide resistance genes demonstrated the lowest abundance. During the rainy season, the absolute abundance of aminoglycoside resistance genes is the highest, followed by sulfonamides resistance genes, while peptide resistance genes remain the least abundant. ARGs were significantly correlated with MGEs, suggesting that MGEs may mediate the horizontal transfer and spread of ARGs. Environmental factor analyses showed that Temperature, dissolved oxygen, and total phosphorus play a key role in affecting the spatial distribution of ARGs. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Bacteroidetes are the core microorganisms during the dry and rainy seasons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 4","pages":"Article 100550"},"PeriodicalIF":6.9,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144887071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Land Cover Simulation and Carbon Stock Assessment in Huainan City Based on FLUS- InVEST Model].","authors":"Hai-Yue Zheng, Lei Wang, Tao Wei, Xin-Xin Qi, Yue Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202409033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202409033","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To explore the impact of land use change on carbon storage, taking Huainan City as an example, the future land use simulation （FLUS） model was used to simulate the spatial distribution of land use in 2030 under the inertia development scenario, farmland protection scenario, and ecological priority scenario. By combining this result with the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs （InVEST） model, the carbon storage of the three scenarios in 1990, 2000, 2010, 2020, and 2030 was estimated. The study produced the following results： ① The main land type in Huainan City is cropland, which accounts for more than 75% of the total area. From 1990 to 2020, the area of cropland, grassland, and forest land in Huainan City continued to decrease, while the area of construction land continued to increase. The main land type transfer was the conversion of cropland to construction land. Compared with the other scenarios, the farmland protection scenario can better promote the increase of farmland area and effectively suppress the expansion of construction land. ② From 1990 to 2020, the carbon storage in Huainan City decreased by 8.29×10⁵ t, with a continuous decreasing trend. Cropland was the main carbon reservoir in Huainan City, and the conversion of cropland to construction land was the main reason for the decrease in carbon storage in Huainan City. ③ The carbon stocks in Huainan City under the 2030 inertia development scenario, cropland protection scenario, and ecological priority scenario are 50 766×10³, 50 822.21×10³, and 50 597.95×10³ t, respectively. The carbon storage decreases compared to the level in 2020 under the three scenarios, among which the cropland protection scenario has the most significant inhibitory effect on the reduction of carbon storage. In the future, prioritizing the protection of cropland should be considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 8","pages":"4754-4764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Estimation of Soil Organic Carbon Content in Gannan Grassland Based on SSA Optimized CatBoost].","authors":"Zi-Ming Ma, Mei-Ling Zhang, Xing-Yu Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202408081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202408081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Estimating the content of soil organic carbon （SOC） in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, studying its spatial distribution characteristics, and clarifying the main influencing factors of SOC are of great significance for improving grassland quality, optimizing management, regulating climate, and maintaining ecosystem functions. Taking the grassland in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture of Gansu Province as the research object, multi-feature factor data were constructed by integrating data such as soil properties, meteorological factors, elevation, and vegetation index, and 24 significant feature factors were screened out using Pearson correlation analysis. Then, the normalized contribution degree was obtained according to the SHAP value. The machine learning model was used to divide the 8∶2 training set and test set, and the results were obtained by ten-fold cross-validation. According to the evaluation models such as MAE, RMSE, and <i>R</i>², the sparrow search algorithm （SSA） and whale optimization algorithm （WOA） were used to optimize the parameters and estimate the SOC content. The results showed that the spatial distribution of SOC reserves on grassland surface in Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture based on the model was gradually decreasing from west to east, being high in the northwest and low in the southeast, with relatively low average temperature and high organic carbon content in the northwest. The annual average temperature, enhanced vegetation index （EVI）, and digital elevation model （DEM） contributed significantly to the SOC content of Gannan grassland, which were the main factors affecting the spatial distribution of SOC. Among the random forest, decision tree, gradient lifting regression, CatBoost, XGBoost, and LightGBM, the CatBoost model performed best on the test set. According to the convergence rate curves of SSA and WOA, it was found that SSA converged faster, and updating parameters was more effective. The optimized SSA-CatBoost model performed best in predicting SOC content. The spatial distribution of SOC has an important impact on the ecosystem and carbon cycle in the region. The grassland in the northwest of the Gannan region has greater potential in soil fertility and carbon storage, which is helpful to formulate more effective soil management and ecological protection strategies, slow down the process of climate warming, and further promote the sustainable development of the global ecosystem.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 8","pages":"4961-4970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144856577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}