工业工程最新文献

{"title":"[Passivation of Cadmium and Arsenic in Acidified Paddy Soil by Calcium Fertilizer with Biochar-ferromanganese Composites].","authors":"Qi Sun, Ji-Zi Wu, Qiu-Chan Wu, Bin Lian, Feng Yuan, Ke-Li Zhao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Due to the aggravation of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition and the unreasonable application of fertilizer, soil acidification is becoming increasingly serious. In heavy metal-contaminated soils, acidification not only seriously affects fertility but also the effectiveness and sustainability of conventional passivation remediation materials such as biochar. The application of calcium fertilizer may improve soil acidification, alleviate the aging of biochar materials in soil, and improve its remediation ability to composite polluted soil. However, the mechanism of its effect is still unclear. Based on this, this study selected iron-manganese oxide （FM） and hickory cattails biochar （BC） to prepare biochar-ferromanganese composites （BFM） and conducted simulated acidification on it. Through characterization and an aqueous adsorption test, the changes in physicochemical properties and adsorption properties of the material after acidification were explored. Then, orthogonal tests were carried out to explore the effects of the combination of BFM and calcium fertilizer on soil pH and the availability of Cd and As under acidification conditions and to obtain the best combination scheme. The results showed that the optimal ratio of BC and FM in BFM was 7∶3 （quality ratio）, the removal rates of Cd（Ⅱ） and As（Ⅲ） were as high as 94.58% and 97.14%, respectively, and the adsorption capacities were 120.74 mg·g^-1 and 129.29 mg·g^-1 （solid-liquid ratio 1∶500）. After acidification treatment, the pore structure of BFM surface decreased, and the types and quantities of functional groups changed, resulting in the removal rates of Cd（Ⅱ） and As（Ⅲ） in aqueous solution decreasing by 73.97%-92.84% and 73.56%-93.61%, respectively. The combined application of calcium fertilizer and BFM could significantly increase soil pH, with an increase range of 3.06%-37.84%. The effect of increasing pH decreased with the increase in culture time and acidification degree. Compared with that in the blank control, the content of available Cd in soil was significantly reduced by 22.67%-97.78%. The content of available As in soil was generally stable. According to the effect curve analysis of the orthogonal test results, under the condition of weak acidification degree （pH=5.6）, the application of 2% supplemental amount with 2% silica-calcium fertilizer and 2% calcium-magnesium phosphate fertilizer had a good passivation effect on soil Cd. Under the condition of strong acidification degree （pH=4.0）, the application of 2% supplemental amount and 2% silica-calcium fertilizer had a good passivation effect on soil As. In summary, simulated acidification will affect the adsorption performance of BFM, and calcium fertilizer combined with it can increase soil pH, improve soil acidification, alleviate the aging of BFM in acidified soil, and improve its repair ability to heavy metal-polluted soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6677-6688"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Different Modified Corn Straw Biochar on Soil Hydraulic Properties in Hilly Loess Areas].","authors":"Fang-Ling Chang, Pei-Zhen Zhang, Zong-Lu Yao, Juan Luo, Li-Xin Zhao, Li-Li Huo, Fen-Wu Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In order to investigate the influence of modified corn straw biochar on the hydraulic properties of water infiltration, evaporation, and water holding, corn straw biochar was prepared by pyrolysis at 500 ℃ for 2 hours in an N₂ environment. Three solvents （H₃PO₄, NaOH, and NH₄Cl） were selected, and different modified corn straw biochars were obtained by immersion modification at two concentrations （1 mol·L^-1 and 3 mol·L^-1）. The physical and chemical properties of all biochars, such as elemental composition, pore structure, functional groups, and surface morphology, were systematically characterized. Each type of corn straw biochar was selected to perform soil hydraulic properties tests under three different additions （1%, 2%, and 3%）. The influence of different corn straw biochar on the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, water accumulation evaporation, and volume water content were analyzed by constant head method, soil evaporation test, and soil moisture characteristic curve. The results showed that the addition of modified corn straw biochar can significantly reduce the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity by 5.74%-46.69%, improve the soil volume water content by 0.74%-37.33%, and promote the soil water evaporation, while reduce the soil water accumulation evaporation by 0.63%-8.46% before the modification. With the increase in biochar addition, the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil decreased significantly, the cumulative evaporation gradually increased, and the volume water content showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. There was no correlation between the modified solution concentration and the soil saturated hydraulic conductivity, accumulated evaporation, and volume water content. This study can provide theoretical basis and technical support for improving the water retention performance of soil in the loess arid region of Shaanxi and Gansu.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6546-6554"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics, Sources, and Health Risk Changes of Heavy Metal Pollution Carried by PM_2.5 in Beijing and Evaluation of Policy Effectiveness].","authors":"Wei Zhang, Tong Lü, Jian-Wei Liu, Yue Gao, Xu Zhou, Hong-Bin Cao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To evaluate the effectiveness of air pollution prevention and control measures in Beijing, this study measured the content of 13 metal elements, including seven heavy metal elements [As, Cd, Co, Cr（Ⅵ）, Ni, Pb, and V], through daily PM_2.5 sampling （<i>n</i> = 934） in the urban area of Beijing for four years. We analyzed the interannual changes in the concentration levels of various metals and the differences between heating and non-heating seasons, used a positive definite matrix factorization （PMF） model for quantitative source analysis, and used health risk assessment methods to evaluate the health risks of six metals. The results showed that, except for a few metal elements such as Cr（Ⅵ） and Ni, which showed an increase in concentration in individual years, the overall concentration of each element showed a downward trend. The concentrations of ten metals, including V, Co, Pb, and Mn, during the heating season were significantly higher than those during the non-heating season （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05）. There were five main types of atmospheric heavy metal pollution sources in Beijing： dust sources, transportation sources, coal sources, industrial sources, and fuel oil combustion sources. Among them, the proportion of coal sources was generally decreasing. The HQ values of each metal were all less than 1, indicating no non-carcinogenic health risk. The carcinogenic risk of Ni and Cd could be ignored, while the <i>R</i> values of As, Co, and Cr（Ⅵ） in each year were between 10^-6 and 10^-4, indicating a certain carcinogenic risk. The interannual trends in atmospheric concentration, sources, and health risks indicate that the relevant measures for air pollution prevention and control in Beijing have achieved positive results.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6229-6237"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ecological Risk and Microbial Diversity Characteristics of Antibiotics in Farm and Surrounding Environmental Media].","authors":"Yu-Rou Han, Wei-Hong Xu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Farm manure is one of the largest sources of antibiotics in environmental media. At present, there are limited studies on antibiotic residues and microbial diversity in different environmental media. The residual characteristics of five typical veterinary antibiotics （sulfadiazine, SDZ； doxycycline, DOX； oxytetracycline, OTC； tetracycline, TC； and chlortetracycline, CTC） in different environmental media and their effects on environmental microbial diversity were preliminarily discussed by taking an ecological farm and a seven-year long-term experimental field in Bishan District of Chongqing as the research object. The results showed that the content of oxytetracycline in chicken manure was the highest （17.75-18.80 μg·kg^-1）, the content of doxycycline in soil was the highest （2.00-2.55 μg·kg^-1）, and the concentration of chlortetracycline in water was the highest （13.77-21.10 μg·L^-1）. During the sampling time, the total antibiotics in soil and chicken manure changed little. The five antibiotics in the water had high ecological risks. The five antibiotics significantly affected the microbial diversity in the environmental media. The dominant bacteria in the soil were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, and the dominant bacteria in water were Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6594-6603"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatial-temporal Distribution and Ecological Risk of Antibiotics in the Soils of a Typical Agricultural Watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area].","authors":"Jing-Ren Fang, Yue Mu, Bo-Bin Tang, Chun-Hui Guo, Wei-Bin Huang, Qing Yong, Zheng Wang, Jin-Zhong Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312064","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In order to understand the spatial-temporal distribution and ecological risk of antibiotics in the soil of an agricultural watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir area, the topsoil samples were collected at 26 sites in the Wangjiagou small watershed, Fuling District, Chongqing in spring, summer, autumn, and winter of 2022, and 21 antibiotics with five classes were determined using solid phase extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The content levels and spatial-temporal distribution of antibiotics were analyzed, the correlations between antibiotic contents and soil physicochemical factors were discussed, and the potential ecological risk of antibiotics in the soil was evaluated using the risk quotient method. The results showed that the detection rates of 21 antibiotics were 0-100% with the range of ND-219.5 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, and those of tetracyclines （TCs）, quinolones （FQs）, and chloramphenicols （CAPs） reached 100% in all four seasons. The total antibiotic content ranged from 14.35 to 504.1 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; with the average value of 149.7 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, and the average contents of the five classes of antibiotics showed a decreasing trend of TCs （77.95 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;）, FQs （34.96 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;）, CAPs （28.14 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;）, sulfonamides （SAs, 7.15 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;）, and macrolides （MLs, 1.48 μg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;）. The antibiotic contents of soils during autumn and winter were significantly higher than those in summer （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05） and showed an overall variation trend of first decreasing and then increasing with the season and a distribution situation of \"low in the west and high in the east.\" The sites with high antibiotic contents were mainly concentrated in vegetable fields, residential areas, and dry lands. In spring soils, the contents of tylosin （TYL） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01）, tetracycline （TC） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01）, doxycycline （DXC）, and sulfamethodiazine （SMR） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05） were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH. In summer soils, total phosphorus （TP） had significantly positive effects on the contents of sulfamethoxazole （SFZ） and TC （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05） and had extremely significant positive effects on sulfamethoxazole （SMX）, SMR, and ofloxacin （OFL） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01）. Total nitrogen （TN） had significantly positive effects on the contents of SMX （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.01） and SMR （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05）, and soil organic matter （SOM） had significantly positive effects on the contents of TC and enrofloxacin （ENR） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05）. However, ciprofloxacin （CIP） （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.001）, sulfampyridine （SPD）, norfloxacin （NOR）, and TYL contents （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05） were significantly negatively correlated with soil pH. In autumn soils, TN significantly negatively affected CIP content （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05）； the contents of sulfadiazine （SDZ）, TC, and DXC were negatively affected by soil pH （&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt; &lt; 0.05）； and cation exchange capacity （CEC） signific","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6583-6593"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics and Sources of Volatile Organic Compounds （VOCs） in Luohe City During Summer].","authors":"Jing-Gang Huang, Shuang Xue, Da-Wei Niu, Zhi-Ling Zheng, Zhi-Qiang Ma, Wei-Li Lin","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Luohe City is an important node city in the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration in China, where the atmospheric ozone （O₃） pollution situation has been serious in recent years. In order to provide a scientific basis for O₃ pollution control, the online filed observation of O₃ precursor volatile organic compounds （VOCs） was carried out in Luohe City in July 2022 to understand their variation characteristics and sources. The mean ratio of <i>φ</i>（TVOCs） during the observation period was （16.49±5.73）×10^-9. Among them, alkane （33.7%）, oxygenated volatile organic compounds OVOC （24.0%）, and halohydrocarbon （21.9%） accounted for the top three. The results from source apportionment showed that the main VOCs sources （contributions） included the natural gas （NG） use （20.1%）, regional transport （14.8%）, solvent use （14.2%）, gasoline vehicle emissions （12.3%）, industrial emissions （11.6%）, diesel vehicle emissions （10.5%）, liquefied petroleum gas （LPG） use （9.8%）, and plant emissions （6.7%）. OVOC contributed the most to ozone formation potential （OFP） and free radical loss rate （<i>L</i>_·OH）. The results showed that the contribution of motor vehicle exhaust （&gt;22.8%） was the primary source of VOCs in Luohe City. However, other sources were complex and with comparable contributions, requiring the development of targeted and comprehensive prevention and control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6255-6266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Land use Change and Its Impact on Carbon Stock in the Tarim River Basin from 1990 to 2020].","authors":"Zi-Yi Tian, Fan Gao, Bing He, Fang-Hong Han","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Land use is one of the important factors causing the change in ecosystem carbon storage. Studying the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of carbon storage driven by land use change is of great significance for enhancing the carbon sequestration capacity of terrestrial ecosystems, slowing down the effect of climate warming, and helping to achieve the goal of \"dual carbon.\" Taking the Tarim River Basin as the research object, based on four periods of land use data from 1990 to 2020, the InVEST model carbon module was applied to estimate and analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of carbon storage in the basin, and the impact of land use change on the carbon sequestration capacity of the basin ecosystem and the spatial differentiation driving law of carbon storage were discussed. The results showed as follows： ① Grassland and unused land were the main land use types in the Tarim River Basin, accounting for more than 90% of the total land types, followed by cultivated land, forest land, water area, and construction land. From 1990 to 2020, the area of cultivated land, construction land, and unused land increased, while the area of grassland, forest land, and water area decreased. The total transfer area of land use type in the basin from 1990 to 2020 was 2.19×10⁵ km², and grassland was the main transfer type （accounting for 44.22% of the total transfer area）, which was mainly converted into unused land and cultivated land. ② The overall spatial distribution of carbon stocks in the Tarim River Basin was lower in the middle and higher in the surrounding areas. The high-to-high-cluster and high-to-low-cluster carbon stocks were mainly located in the distribution areas of woodland and grassland, and the low-value carbon stocks were mainly distributed in the unused land type areas in the middle of the Tarim River Basin. Over the past 30 years, an accumulative loss of 9×10⁷ Mg was observed. The center of gravity of carbon storage change shifted to the southeast, and most of the areas of carbon storage reduction were cultivated land and unused land expanding to the surrounding areas, encroaching on grassland and forest land with higher carbon density. ③ The contribution of different land use types to carbon storage was grassland, forest land, cultivated land, unused land, construction land, and water area. ④ The spatial differentiation of carbon stocks in the Tarim River Basin was influenced by various driving factors such as terrain, climate, environment, and population and their synergies.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6514-6526"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Method for Dynamic Updating of Source Emission Inventories Based on the Response Relationship Between Anthropogenic Source Emissions and Air Quality].","authors":"Jing She, Li Jiang, Gui-Rong Yao, Qiang Chen, Guang-Yao Li, Yu-Huan Zhu, Jia Liu, Wei Sun","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pollution source emission inventories are the basis for analyzing the causes of pollution, identifying the contribution of pollution sources, and scientifically formulating air pollution prevention strategies. The current inventory construction methods mainly focus on improving the accuracy and spatial and temporal resolution of the inventory, and there is an urgent need to look into dynamic updating methods to address the problem of lagging source emission inventories. In order to develop an effective and versatile method for the dynamic updating of source emission inventories, a meteorological normalization method based on random forests was chosen to capture the response relationship between pollutants and anthropogenic emissions. Based on the response relationship and the base emission inventory, the method for updating emission inventories based on the relationship between emissions and air quality （REQEI） was developed. Taking MEIC as the example, the REQEI_MEIC inventory was constructed using this method. The applicability and reasonableness of the REQEI_MEIC inventory was examined through the horizontal comparison method and the model validation method, so as to prove the feasibility of the inventory construction method. The results showed that the differences in pollutant emissions between the REQEI_MEIC and MEIC inventories were small, and the model validation effects of the two inventories were generally consistent. In some areas, the emissions of the REQEI_MEIC were closer to the actual emissions, and the pollutant modeling effect was more favorable. The inventory dynamic updating method can construct a relatively accurate pollutant emission inventory on the basis of greatly reducing the workload. The method quickly extrapolates the inventory through the relationship between anthropogenic source emissions and air quality response, accelerates the speed of inventory updating, is suitable for realizing the rapid dynamic updating of existing inventories, and can to a certain extent reduce the limitations imposed by the spatial and temporal limitations of emission inventories on the analysis of the causes of pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6267-6275"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) detection and removal techniques from drinking water, their limitations, and future outlooks","authors":"Zahra Zahra ,&nbsp;Minkyung Song ,&nbsp;Zunaira Habib ,&nbsp;Sadaf Ikram","doi":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100434","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.emcon.2024.100434","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in the environment poses a serious threat due to their persistent nature and harmful effects on human health and ecosystems. In this context, there is an imperative need for developing and improving methods to identify and eliminate these contaminants. Different detection techniques that are being used for PFAS detection are discussed. The details of detection mechanism of these techniques, their limitations and future areas of research for their optimization and improvement in detection efficiencies are also discussed in this review. Besides, this article provides a baseline for anticipating the advanced treatment technologies for PFAS in drinking water. We focus on the effectiveness of different removal techniques (physical, biological and chemical advancements) for eliminating various types of short and long chain PFAS. More so, the methods for the removal of PFAS are also explained with their limitations and future outlooks. Their pros and cons and limitations that need to be overcome and could be the potential future research. We included the recent literature and encompassed the information of PFAS related to guidelines, analytical techniques to determine PFAS and treatment or removal technologies. Conclusively, this study suggests that a combination of treatment methods will likely be necessary for effective PFAS remediation in water.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":11539,"journal":{"name":"Emerging Contaminants","volume":"11 1","pages":"Article 100434"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142697452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Spatiotemporal Changes and Multi-scale Socio-economic Driving Factors of PM_2.5 and Ozone in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and Its Surroundings].","authors":"Li Yan, Xiao-Han Song, Yu Lei, He-Zhong Tian","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202311002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202311002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on PM_2.5 and O₃ remote sensing concentration data in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and its surrounding areas from 2015 to 2020, we used trend analysis, geographic detectors, and a geographically and temporally weighted regression model to explore the spatiotemporal characteristics and key driving socio-economic factors of multi-scale PM_2.5 and O₃ concentrations. The results indicated that： ① The changing slope of PM_2.5 concentration ranged from -12.93 to 0.43 μg·（m³·a）^-1, and the changing slope of O₃ concentration ranged from 0.70 to 14.90 μg·（m³·a）^-1. The decreasing slope of PM_2.5 concentration was the largest in winter, and the increasing slope of O₃ concentration was the largest in summer. ② The concentrations of PM_2.5 and O₃ were spatially correlated, and the H-H concentrations of PM_2.5 were located in the southern Hebei Province and the northern Henan Province. The spatial clustering pattern of O₃ changed greatly. ③ From the perspective of urban agglomeration, the GDP, population density, and civilian car ownership had a strong explanatory power for PM_2.5, while GDP, urbanization rate, and civilian car ownership had a strong explanatory power for O₃. The dominant interaction factors of 2016 and 2020 were the population density∩the proportion of the secondary industry and urbanization rate∩road network density, respectively. ④ From the perspective of single city, population density, industrial nitrogen oxide emissions, and electricity consumption had mainly positive effects on PM_2.5 and O₃ pollution and became the socio-economic driving factors that need to be focused on to control PM_2.5 and O₃ co-pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"45 11","pages":"6207-6218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142772563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}