工业工程最新文献

{"title":"[Spatio-temporal Variation of Landuse Carbon Budget and Carbon Compensation Zoning at County Level in Henan Province].","authors":"Wen-Ping Deng, Wen-Bo Zhu, Zhe Zhang, Hai-Feng Li, Jia-Ning Hu, Jing-Ya Fu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403231","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important province in China with a large population, agriculture, industry, and energy consumption, Henan Province is in a period of attack and opportunity for low-carbon transformation of its economy and optimization of its energy structure, and carrying out a study on the assessment of carbon budget and carbon compensation at the county level, to promote the coordinated development of a low-carbon economy in central China and to realize China's vision of carbon neutrality by 2060, is important. The study selected 123 county-level units in Henan Province as the research object, based on the land use data of Henan Province from 2000 to 2020, constructed the carbon balance estimation model and measured the horizontal compensation standard with the help of the modified carbon compensation model, studied the spatio-temporal pattern of carbon balance and carbon compensation zoning of Henan Province under the perspective of the main functional area, and put forward the regional development strategy guided by the development of low-carbon economy. The research results demonstrated that： ① From 2000 to 2020, the total amount of carbon emissions from land use in Henan Province first increased and then decreased, with the peak in 2015, and the construction land was the major source of carbon. The amount of carbon absorption continued to grow steadily, and arable land and forest land were the major carriers of carbon sinks. The carbon budget showed significant spatial and temporal characteristics； carbon absorption showed a spatial pattern of \"high in the west and low in the east, high in the south and low in the north；\" and carbon emissions were spatially characterized by \"a concentration of high values in the center and the north and a scattering of low values towards the outside.\" ② Henan Province exhibited similar spatial patterns in carbon intensity and net emissions, with high values in the central and northern regions tapering off outwards. From 2000 to 2020, carbon emission intensity ranked as follows： national key development zones （1.09） > provincial key areas （0.93） > agricultural areas （0.83） > provincial ecological zones （0.70） > national ecological zones （0.47）. For net carbon emissions, the order was （×10<sup>4</sup> t）： national key zones （165.94） > provincial key areas （52.55） > agricultural areas （-35.52） > provincial ecological zones （-47.11） > national ecological zones （-60.93）. Conversely, carbon compensation rates（%） were highest in provincial ecological zones （821）, followed by those in national ecological zones （773）, agricultural areas （412）, provincial key areas （198）, and lowest in national key zones （11）. ③ Carbon compensation varied significantly across 123 counties in Henan Province, with a total carbon payment of 9 207.09×10<sup>4</sup> yuan and offset of 4 819.29×10<sup>4</sup> yuan in 2020. A total of 45 payment zones and 78 compensation zones were identified, including 20 heavy payment z","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1517-1534"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Network Structural Characteristics of Urban Green Innovation of China and Its Impact on Carbon Emissions].","authors":"Hui-Ping Wang, Pei-Ling Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Based on the social network analysis method, panel data from 254 cities in China spanning from 2006 to 2019 was utilized. A green innovation network was established using a modified gravity model, which described the overall and individual characteristics of the network. It also analyzed the impact utility and mechanisms of centrality features within the network on carbon emissions. The conclusions showed that： ① From 2006 to 2019, the green innovation level of 254 cities in China presented obvious spatial correlation network characteristics. The overall structure of the network was relatively stable, with a steady increase in the number of related relationships and the overall network density value showing an upward trend. The eastern cities represented by Shenzhen, Suzhou, and Wuxi occupied a central position in the green innovation network. ② The improvement of the central location of the urban network had significantly exacerbated carbon emissions, and this impact had certain heterogeneity in different geographical locations and city sizes. Among them, the improvement of the network center position in the northeast, eastern, and western regions had exacerbated carbon emissions, whereas the impact in the central region was not significant. In large cities, the increase in network center location exacerbated carbon emissions； however, it was not significant in small and medium-sized cities. ③ The mesomeric effect showed that the promotion of the network center location could promote carbon emissions through energy consumption.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1450-1461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatiotemporal Changes and Driving Factors of Ecosystem Services in Taiyuan City].","authors":"Ming-Wei Xie, Hui-di Zhou, Wen-Zhen Jia, Li Ran, Xiang-Rong Wang, Song Chen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the spatial and temporal changes and causes of ecosystem services （ESs） in Taiyuan City, six ESs indicators were selected based on five periods of land use data from 2000 to 2020, while ESs were assessed using multi-source data with the help of the InVEST model and the revised universal soil loss equation （RUSLE）. Further, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used to analyze trade-offs and synergies among ESs. Finally, geodetectors were used to explore the driving factors. The results showed that： ① Land use types in Taiyuan City were dominated by grassland, forest, and arable land, with construction land expanding by 170.1 km², forest area increasing by 404.6 km², and water area increasing by 61.3 km² simultaneously arable land and grassland decreasing from 2000 to 2020. A notable transfer of arable land to grassland and grassland to forest had occurred. ② ESs increased overall； carbon stock, oxygen release, soil retention, and water purification increased； habitat quality first increased and then decreased； and food provision decreased. ③ There was mainly a synergistic relationship between ESs. Carbon stock, habitat quality, and water purification were trade-offs and weakened over time. Land use/cover change （LUCC）, elevation （DEM）, and temperature were important drivers of ESs. A significant impact of slope on soil retention, anthropogenic activities on food provision, and precipitation on water purification was observed. The results of this study provide scientific basis for ecological protection and sustainable development in Taiyuan City.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1597-1607"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Activity and Stoichiometry of Soil Enzymes in Aggregates of Different Soil Types in Subtropical Forests].","authors":"Zhi-Feng Su, De-Zhou Huang, Zhi-Yi Zhu, Rong-Shu Chen, Ting-Hao Dai, Jian-Hong Liang, Jing Zhu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401042","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;To reveal the differences in soil microbial nutrient limitation and nutrient availability at the aggregate scale of soil types in a subtropical forest in China, the O/A horizon （0-3 cm and 0-7 cm, respectively） and AB horizon （below O/A horizon to 20 cm depth） of typical acidic red soil and neutral limestone soil in Northern Guangxi were studied. The activities of carbon-acquiring enzymes （sucrase, amylase, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-1,4-glucosidase （BG））, nitrogen-acquiring enzymes （urease, &lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-1,4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase （NAG）, leucine amino peptidase （LAP））, and phosphorus-acquiring enzymes （phytase and acid phosphatase （AP）） in different aggregate sizes were determined to reveal the variation in soil enzyme stoichiometry characteristics. The results showed that the limestone soil had higher nitrogen-acquiring enzyme activity compared to that in the red soil, with urease, NAG, and LAP activities being 38.84%, 123.89%, and 4.06% higher, respectively. The differences in carbon- and phosphorus-acquiring enzyme activities between the two soils were not significant. The overall soil enzyme activities in the O/A horizon were higher than in the AB horizon for both red soil and limestone soil. Soil total organic carbon and pH were identified as key factors influencing soil enzyme activities. Most enzyme activities （BG, urease, NAG, and phytase） were higher in micro-aggregates （0.1-0.25 mm and &lt;0.1 mm）, emphasizing the role of micro-aggregates in promoting organic matter decomposition and accelerating soil nutrient cycling. Compared to those in red soil, limestone soil exhibited greater differences in NAG and phytase activities among aggregates. The mean values of ln（BG）∶ln（NAG+LAP）∶ln（AP） of red soil and limestone soil as well as their aggregates were 1.02∶1∶1.04 and 0.95∶1∶0.93, respectively, generally conforming to the global average ratio of 1∶1∶1. The ln（BG）∶ln（NAG+LAP） and vector lengths were higher in red soil than in limestone soil, indicating stronger carbon limitation in the red soil. The ln（NAG+LAP）∶ln（AP） ratio was lower in red soil than in limestone soil, with the former having a larger vector angle, suggesting stronger phosphorus limitation. Soil pH and total phosphorus were identified as the primary influencing factors of enzyme activity stoichiometry characteristics, suggesting that the bioavailability of organic matter and phosphorus in acidic soil was lower than in limestone soil, prompting microbes to secrete carbon and phosphorus enzymes to enhance acquisition efficiency. The high pH of limestone soil may lead to nitrogen limitation due to nitrate leaching caused by higher mineralization and nitrification rates. Microbes in the large aggregates （1-2 mm and 0.5-1 mm） of both soils experienced stronger phosphorus limitation, whereas carbon limitation was stronger in micro-aggregates, especially in the 0.1-0.25 mm aggregates. The microbial nutrient pattern in limestone soil aggregates shifted from phosphorus limitation to nitrogen limitat","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1716-1728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effect and Mechanism of <i>Chlamydomonas reinhartii</i> Living Cell Agents in Alleviating Cd Stress on Wheat Seedlings].","authors":"Chun-Yan Lei, Ya-Nan Li, Meng-Jing Liang, Ze Yang, Yan Sun, Chun-Li Ji, Chun-Hui Zhang, Run-Zhi Li, Xi-Ping Sun, Hong-Li Cui","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402106","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cadmium （Cd） pollution not only leads to the reduction in crop yields but also migrates and accumulates through the food chain, thus posing a threat to human health. It is an important issue to reduce Cd uptake and enrichment in crops and increase crop resistance to Cd stress for sustainable development of green-health agriculture. To establish a novel agronomic technique using microalgae to control Cd pollution and improve crop stress resistance, the microalga &lt;i&gt;Chlamydomonas reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; and wheat （&lt;i&gt;Triticum aestivum&lt;/i&gt;）were employed for systematic investigation so as to the elucidate effects and mechanism of microalgae in blocking Cd migration and enhancing crop resistance to Cd stress. The test crop materials were the winter wheat variety JM182 and spring wheat variety JC6. Hydroponic experiments were used to simulate Cd stress at two dosages, 50 mg·L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; （Cd50） and 100 mg·L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; （Cd100）. Two different dosages of &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; living cell agents, i.e., the microalgal cell cultures with &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;680&lt;/sub&gt; = 1.0 （A1.0） and &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;680&lt;/sub&gt; = 2.0 （A2.0）, were prepared using conventional microalgal-cultivation methods and subsequently used to treat wheat seedlings under Cd stress. Several physiological and biochemical parameters were determined for wheat seedlings under two doses of Cd stress, respectively, including growth features, photosynthesis, cellular antioxidant enzyme activity, Cd uptake, transportation and accumulation, and transcriptions of the genes associated with heavy metal transportation. The results showed that Cd stress crucially inhibited the growth of wheat seedlings. However, the application of &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; living cell agents significantly increased the contents of photosynthetic pigments （chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids） and activated the antioxidant enzyme system activities （SOD, POD, CAT, GSH, and APX）. The microalgal living cell agents also reduced the damage of Cd stress on wheat seedling growth. Moreover, both doses （A1.0 and A2.0） of &lt;i&gt;C. reinhardtii&lt;/i&gt; living cell agents downregulated the expression of the genes related to heavy metal absorption and transportation （&lt;i&gt;TaHMA2&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;TaHMA3&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;TaNramp1&lt;/i&gt;,and &lt;i&gt;TaLCT1&lt;/i&gt;）. Analysis of Cd contents indicated that Cd stress resulted in Cd accumulation in wheat seedlings, with a higher level of Cd in JC6 than in JM182 under both doses of Cd stresses. Cd50 and Cd100 stresses led to Cd levels up to 185.01 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and 342.11 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; in JC6 wheat seedlings and 176.76 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and 317.65 mg·kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; in JM182, respectively. Notably, the addition of the microalgal living cell agent significantly reduced Cd enrichment in wheat seedlings of both varieties under Cd stresses. Compared to the Cd level in JC6 wheat seedlings under Cd50 stress, the Cd accumulation level in roots and stem-leaf parts of A2.0-treated JC6 wheat seedlings was reduced by 76.80% and 66.91%, r","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1795-1805"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Comprehensive Ecosystem Service Changes and Their Drivers in the Middle Reaches of Jinsha River].","authors":"Xiu Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Lei Cui, Hao Chen, Jia Song, Fan Wan, Chong Li","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402105","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hydropower development is an important starting point for China to implement the dual carbon strategy in the energy field in the new era, and the influence mechanism of a large-scale hydropower development mode with ecological priority on watershed ecosystem service has become complicated. Therefore, exploing the ecosystem services change under the influence of hydropower development is highly important. As one of the frequent anthropogenic activity areas in southwest China, the investigation on the impact of hydropower development on ecosystem service is developing from single factor and single process to multi-factor comprehensive ecosystem service functions. This study conducted a multi-scale analysis in the middle reaches of Jinsha River, a hydropower development base in southwest China, to quantitatively evaluate the spatio-temporal characteristics of water yield, carbon storage, and habitat quality before （2000） and after （2020） hydropower development using the InVEST model； to assess the three ecosystem services based on a comprehensive ecosystems service index （CESI） from the perspective of balanced development； and to investigate the mechanism of CESI change under hydropower development. The results indicated that： ① At the watershed level, water yield showed a decreasing trend （by 18.22%）, whereas carbon storage （by 0.26%） and habitat quality （by 0.45%） showed a subtle increasing trend from 2000 to 2020. ② The three ecosystem services in the sub-watershed with different levels of hydropower development exhibited different changing characteristics： the three ecosystem services in sub-watersheds with higher levels of hydropower development decreased, whereas carbon storage and habitat quality in sub-watersheds without hydropower development increased. ③ The CESI showed a downward trend （by 8.13%）, and pinpointed regions of increasing CESI were in the up and down reaches of the regions, whereas those of decreasing CESI were in the middle reaches of the regions. The sustained hot spots of CESI were located near the left side of the upstream and downstream of the main stream, and the sustained cold spots were mainly distributed in sub-watershed 21 and 23. ④ The △CESI were comprehensively influenced by the climate, land use, landscape pattern, and socio-economic changes, with the change in annual precipitation and the PD of water being the key drivers of △CESI, and the contribution rates were 89.4% and 3.2%, respectively. Moreover, the gross domestic production （GDP） change was found to be positively associated with the △CESI. We proposed to improve the comprehensive function of ecosystem services by reducing interference with sustained hotspots, considering the continuous cold point area as a priority for hydropower development, maintaining intensive urban development, and cultivating more concentrated arable land. This study provides support for the hydropower development planning of ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1585-1596"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Distribution Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Surface Sediments of Regulating Pond in South-to-North Water Transfer Pumping Station].","authors":"Fei Li, Chun-Sheng Qiu, Chen-Chen Wang, Fei Xu, Dong Wang, Nan-Nan Liu, Xu Chen, Shao-Po Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202312226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202312226","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As an important facility to ensure the safety of the water supply, the regulating pond of a raw water pumping station in the Tianjin Section of the middle route of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project linked the raw water from the Hanjiang River with the urban water plants. Surface sediment samples from different regions of the regulator pond were collected in summer, autumn, and winter of 2022 and spring of 2023, respectively. Metagenomic sequencing technology was used to analyze the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of antibiotic resistance genes （ARGs）, and the correlation between sediment ARGs and physicochemical indices, microbial community structure, and mobile genetic elements （MGEs） was also analyzed. The results showed that 20 antibiotic resistance types and 921 ARGs subtypes were detected in the surface sediment samples of the regulator pond. The dominant ARGs in the samples at different sampling times and sampling points were multidrug resistance, MLS, tetracycline, and glycopeptides, and the main resistance mechanism was efflux pump. Correlation analysis showed that TN, NO₃^--N, TP, and OM of sediments were significantly correlated （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05） with various ARGs of the top 20 ARGs. Among the top 20 microbial genera, 19 species were significantly correlated （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05） with ARGs. The MGEs types of conjugate transfer protein, recombinase, and transposase were significantly positively correlated （<i>P</i>&lt;0.05） with the top 20 ARGs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1435-1442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Carbon-based Fertilizer on Soil Physical and Chemical Properties, Enzyme Activities and Microbial Communities in Maize Fields in Arid Regions].","authors":"Wei-Fan Liu, Xiao-Gang Wang, Ji-Li Liu, Na Wu, Meng-Hu Wan, Feng-Lan Ma, Hao Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404264","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study investigates the impact of biochar-based fertilizer on soil environmental factors and microbial communities to address how biochar-based fertilizer can improve soil conditions in arid regions and promote sustainable agricultural development. To achieve these goals, maize \"Xianyu 335\" was selected as the test variety and a random block design was adopted to set up five treatments： CK （conventional fertilizer at 450 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;）, T1 （biochar-based fertilizer at 1 125 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;）, T2 （biochar-based fertilizer at 1 013 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;）, T3 （biochar-based fertilizer at 900 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;）, and T4 （biochar-based fertilizer at 788 kg·hm&lt;sup&gt;-2&lt;/sup&gt;）. Soil samples were collected from mature corn fields and analyzed for changes in soil physicochemical properties, soil enzyme activities, and microbial diversity under the different biochar-based fertilizer treatments. The results showed that： ① Compared with that using chemical fertilizer alone, the application of biochar-based fertilizer significantly reduced the soil bulk density, increased the soil porosity and field water capacity, and increased the soil nutrients and enzyme activities. The contents of organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus in the T1 and T2 treatments were significantly increased by 13.68%-32.63%, 25.00%-26.79%, and 35.00%-47.50%, respectively. The activities of urease, sucrase, and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased by 49.04%-91.35%, 48.88%-58.71%, and 20.69%-31.03%, respectively. ② The T3 and T4 treatments reduced the Chao1, Shannon, Simpson, Faith_pd, and Pielou_e indices of microorganisms. The dominant bacteria of each treatment were Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Acidobacteria, with relative abundances ranging from 71.50%-86.66%. The T1 and T2 treatments significantly increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinomycetes and decreased the relative abundance of Acidobacteria. No significant difference was observed in the relative abundance of amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate metabolism, energy metabolism, genetic information processing, and metabolic function, all of which were between 18.12% and 21.34%. ③ Correlation analysis showed that in addition to soil bulk density, soil physical properties, soil nutrients, and soil enzymes were significantly positively correlated with each other, and significant differences were present in the relationship between different dominant bacteria and soil environmental factors. The six functional pathways of microorganisms were significantly positively correlated with soil nutrients. PLS-SEM analysis showed that biochar-based fertilizer directly or indirectly affected the microbial community by regulating soil physical properties, soil nutrients, and soil enzymes, and soil nutrients were the main driving parameters of soil microbial community succession. Finally, PCA analysis showed that the comprehensive fertility of soil was T2&gt;T1&gt;T3&gt;CK&gt;T4. Ov","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1905-1914"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Exogenous NO Combined with EDDS on Growth and Cd Accumulation of <i>Bidens pilosa</i> under Soil Cd Stress Conditions].","authors":"Yu-Zhi Lu, Yin-Ping Chen, Hai-Fan Xie, Bo Cao, Qian Li, Yong Sun, Qiao-Ling Yuan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401260","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Under 40 mg·kg^-1 Cd stress, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 mmol·L^-1 sodium nitroprusside （SNP） and 0.50, 1.00, and 1.50 mmol·L^-1 [S,S]-ethylenediamine disuccinic acid （EDDS） on the growth, metabolism, and Cd accumulation of <i>Bidens pilosa</i> seedlings. The results showed that compared with those of the control group （without SNP and EDDS）, different concentrations of SNP or EDDS single treatment could significantly increase the plant height, root length, fresh weight, and dry weight of aboveground and underground parts of <i>B. pilosa</i> and effectively increase the photosynthetic pigment content and Cd content in the aboveground and underground parts. The combined treatment of different concentrations of SNP and EDDS could effectively promote the growth of <i>B. pilosa</i>, and some growth indices and Cd accumulation indices were higher than those of the single treatment of SNP and EDDS at the same concentration. Among them, the 0.20 mmol·L^-1 SNP + 1.00 mmol·L^-1 EDDS composite treatment had the following effects： ① The treatment significantly promoted the biomass of <i>B. pilosa</i> and increased the plant height and fresh and dry weight of aboveground and underground parts by 39.47%, 142.32% and 267.63%, and 377.63% and 304.55%, respectively. ② It significantly improved the remediation effect of <i>B. pilosa</i> on Cd-contaminated soil, and the Cd content, enrichment coefficient, remediation efficiency, and transport coefficient of aboveground and underground parts of <i>B. pilosa</i> were increased by 91.22% and 81.51%, 101.71%, and 91.37%, 641.67%, and 5.14%, respectively, and the Cd content and enrichment coefficient of aboveground parts were significantly higher than those of underground parts. ③ The treatment also significantly increased the Cd content in subcellular fractions of <i>B. pilosa</i>, the Cd content in the cell wall and soluble part was higher than that in the organelle and mitochondrial parts, and the Cd content in subcellular fractions of the aboveground part was also higher than that of the underground part. The comprehensive analysis showed that the application of appropriate concentrations of SNP and EDDS could effectively promote the growth and Cd accumulation of <i>B. pilosa</i> under soil Cd stress, which is helpful for <i>B. pilosa</i> to enhance Cd resistance and detoxification through the cell wall barrier and vacuolar compartmentation. According to the experimental results, the combination of 0.20 mmol·L^-1 SNP + 1.00 mmol·L^-1 EDDS can be used to enhance the remediation efficiency of <i>B. pilosa</i> on Cd-contaminated soil.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1783-1794"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Soil Acidification on the Distribution and Availability of Arsenic in Aggregates].","authors":"Sheng-Bai Xiao, Yan Xu, Shu-Ting Tang, Hao Cui, Shi-Qiang Wei","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202402134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202402134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The spatiotemporal substitution method was used to collect yellow soil and purple soil with different acidification degrees； analyze the effects of acidification on the composition and properties of soil aggregates； explore the distribution characteristics, occurrence forms, and availability of arsenic （As） in soil aggregates with different acidification degrees； and reveal the key factors restricting the availability of soil As. The results showed that the distribution of total As in each aggregate was positively affected by its mass fraction, and the larger the mass fraction, the more the total As distribution. Soil acidification destroyed the aggregate structure, reduced the mass fraction of large aggregate S1 （&gt;2 mm） by 5 to 15 percentage points, led to the increase in amorphous iron content by 2 to 7 times, and decreased the total As distribution of S1. The available As was positively regulated by non-obligate/obligate adsorptive arsenic （F1, F2） （F1+F2 correlation coefficient 0.76） and negatively affected by residual arsenic （F5） （correlation coefficient -0.89）. Soil acidification significantly reduced the ratio of F1 to F2 after exogenous As entered the soil, resulting in a decrease in <i>ω</i> （available As） from 6.71-15.37 mg·kg^-1 to 2.36-9.26 mg·kg^-1, and the highest exogenous available As content was found in S1 and microaggregate S4 （&lt;0.25 mm）. Simultaneously, exogenous available As was also negatively affected by organic matter （correlation coefficient -0.72） and positively regulated by available phosphorus and CEC （coefficients 0.40 and 0.52, respectively）. There were differences in soil property factors that restricted the availability of As in aggregates of different particle sizes. Soil acidification in S2 （1-2 mm）, S3 （0.25-1 mm）, and S4 aggregates significantly increased the amorphous iron and thus reduced the availability of As, and the exogenous available As in S3 was not significantly affected by CEC. However, the effective As from all agglomerated sources was affected by organic matter, nitrogen, and potassium. The results provide a basis for the accurate control of soil As availability and pollution remediation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 3","pages":"1762-1773"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143671113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}