工业工程最新文献

{"title":"[Method for Simultaneous Quantifying Five Types of Microplastics by Tubular Furnace Pyrolysis-thermal Desorption-gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry].","authors":"Zhi-Xin Wu, Lin Liu, Ruo-Zhen Yu, Zi-Yi Deng, Gang Yang, Yu-Xuan Wu, Cheng-You Liu, Fan-Chen Liu, Bing Zhang, Ying Yang, Han-Yun Zheng, Zi-Ye Zhang, Jia-Nan Li, Lin-Yan Huang, Yu-Jue Yang, Ya-Xian Zhao, Gao-Feng Zhao, Li-Fei Zhang, Guo-Rui Liu, Ran Dai, Ya-Qing Liu, Shu-Wei Pei, Han-Yu Tang, Hong-Wei Wang, Jun-Min Gao, Abdul Qadeer, Li-Hui An, Xing-Ru Zhao","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202401126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202401126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A susceptible method has been established to simultaneously quantify five types of microplastics greater than 0.22 μm across various environmental matrices, namely, polyethylene （PE）, polypropylene （PP）, polystyrene （PS）, polyvinyl chloride （PVC）, and polyethylene terephthalate （PET）. In detail, five types of microplastics were completely pyrolyzed within a tubular furnace. Pyrolyzates were captured using a Tenax TA absorbent. Subsequently, target compounds were rereleased in a thermal desorption instrument and transferred into gas chromatography/mass spectrometry （GC/MS）. The indicative compounds were filtered and selected to identify and quantify target microplastics. The instrument detection limits for the five types of microplastics ranged from 0.03 μg to 1.91 μg, whereas the method detection limits of target microplastics were 0.07-2.87 μg·L^-1 in water, 0.31-16.52 μg·g^-1 in soil/sediment, and 0.11-7.41 μg·g^-1 in the organism, respectively. The relative standard deviations of 3.31%-22.37%, recoveries of 74.21%-119.63%, and quantitative ranges of 3.7-75 μg for PS； 15-300 μg for PP, PVC, and PET； and 30-600 μg for PE were also implemented. Importantly, this method had simple requirements for sample pretreatment, avoided the interference of complex matrix, and improved the repeatability and reliability of results. Subsequently, the technique quantified target microplastics in water, soil, sediments, and biological tissue. The results showed that the total mass concentrations of five microplastics in water samples were 4.48-37.34 μg·L^-1 and 10.55-218.98 μg·g^-1 in soil and sediments, respectively, and 8.82-19.81 μg·g^-1 in biological samples. This present study provided a reliable technical guarantee for future investigation and monitoring of environmental microplastic pollution.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"3200-3208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Quantitative Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Pattern of Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation in Hubei Province and Its Multiple Driving Forces].","authors":"Zhi-Gang Zhou, Ye Ding, Min-Li Wang, Hui-Cong Zhang, Shi-Yu Tian, Fan Huang, Feng Yan","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202405158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202405158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The health and stability of vegetation ecosystems in Hubei Province are important to the ecological security of the entire Yangtze River Basin. The spatio-temporal succession pattern of vegetation net primary productivity （NPP） in Hubei Province was analyzed by using the Sen trend+MK test, based on the Google earth engine （GEE） platform to obtain the MOD17A3HGF.061 vegetation NPP dataset from 2002 to 2020. The coefficient of variation and the Hurst index were then employed to elucidate the multiple driving mechanisms of NPP spatio-temporal differentiation. This was achieved through the use of optimal parameters-based geographical detectors （OPGD）, which were employed to clarify the multiple driving mechanisms of spatial and temporal variability of NPP. The results showed that： ① Between 2002 and 2020, vegetation NPP in Hubei Province showed an increasing trend with a rate of 2.423 8 g·m^-2·a^-1, spatially higher in the west and lower in the east； vegetation NPP was dominated by low volatility （about 79% of the total）, the trend of change was dominated by increase （about 89% of the total）, and future change was dominated by weak inverse persistence （about 62% of the total）. ② The main factors affecting the change in vegetation NPP in Hubei Province were secondary GDP, tertiary GDP, the number of high-tech enterprises, and elevation （all <i>q</i>-values were greater than 0.5）； the two-factor interactions all showed either a two-factor enhancement or a nonlinear enhancement, whereas evapotranspiration ∩ secondary GDP had the highest explanatory power of 0.74. ③ Except for the indicators of type variables, such as slope direction, vegetation type, rock type, soil type, and land use type, most of the other factors showed significant differences in their effects on vegetation NPP in Hubei Province. Economic factors, such as first production GDP in the interval of （1.03 million yuan, 1.16 million yuan）, the mean value of NPP in Hubei Province was the largest at 733.886 7 g·m^-2·a^-1, and the NPP showed a decreasing trend with the increase in these factors. For natural factors, such as elevation in the largest interval measured, in the interval of （1.16e+03 m, 2.71e+03 m）, the mean value of NPP in Hubei Province was the largest at 686.4599 g·m^-2·a^-1, and then the opposite trend was observed. ④ Most of the influencing factors were significantly different from each other on the NPP of vegetation in Hubei Province, indicating that these factors had different mechanisms of action in influencing the NPP of vegetation. The results of the study can provide a data basis for the formulation of policies on ecological protection and restoration of vegetation in Hubei Province and the Yangtze River Basin.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2997-3008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of the Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Carbon Emissions in the Provincial Logistic Industry in China from the Perspective of Shared Responsibility].","authors":"Yi-Cheng Chen, Xiang-Long Li, Yuan-Yuan Zhang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202405050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202405050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To reduce enterprise costs and achieve China's 2060 carbon neutrality goal at an early stage, this study analyzes in depth the spatial and temporal evolution of carbon emissions from the logistics industry in China's provinces and its influencing factors from the perspective of shared responsibility and on the basis of a multiregional input-output model. Using Moran's <i>I</i> index and local spatial autocorrelation model, we conducted a correlation analysis of logistics industry carbon emissions from 2012 to 2017. Additionally, based on the geographically weighted regression （GWR） model, we conducted an in-depth analysis of the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of carbon emissions from the logistics industry across various provinces in China. The research results indicate that transportation carbon emissions exhibited significant spatial clustering characteristics. From 2012 to 2017, there were significant differences in the logistics industry carbon emissions among China's provinces, with a marked polarization. Provinces with higher economic levels had a lower proportion of carbon emissions associated with outbound trade and internal logistic industry demand. The <i>R</i>2 of the GWR model ranged from 0.625 715 to 0.765 095, whereas the <i>R</i>2 of the OLS model ranged from 0.476 970 to 0.716 380. Additionally, the AICc values of the GWR model were consistently lower than those of the OLS model, indicating that the GWR model provided a significantly better fit and could better explain the spatiotemporal heterogeneity between various influencing factors and logistics industry carbon emissions. The heterogeneity results of the influencing factors showed that logistic energy intensity, freight turnover, and logistic industry per capita GDP were significantly positively correlated with logistic industry carbon emissions. Therefore, the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of influencing factors on carbon emissions should be completely considered and differentiated emission reduction policies for different provinces should be formulated.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2874-2885"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Microplastics Coexisting in Vegetable Soil on the Change of Cadmium Bioavailability].","authors":"Zhi-Wang Feng, Qi Liu, Han-Zhou Wu, Ji-Zhou Li, Ning-Yuan Zhu, Yi-Min Wang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The multiple contamination of heavy metal-microplastics occurs frequently in soil； however, ecological risk research on this subject is still lacking. In a 60-day pot experiment, lettuce in soils was contaminated with different biodegradable microplastics （MPs） and heavy metal cadmium （Cd）. The basic physicochemical properties of the soil, Cd availability, and the accumulation and transfer effects of Cd in lettuce were analyzed. Additionally, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy was used to analyze the composition characteristics of soil dissolved organic matter （DOM）. The results indicated that MPs reduced the soil cation exchange capacity （CEC） and the content of ammonium nitrogen （NH₄⁺-N） while increasing the content of soil dissolved organic carbon. The multiple contamination of MPs and Cd significantly enhanced the microbial source characteristics of soil DOM, reduced the humification degree of DOM, and significantly weakened its autochthonous characteristics. There was a significant positive correlation between the Cd-CaCl₂ content and the total Cd content in the soil, while the correlation with soil chemical properties was not significant. MPs increased the accumulation of Cd in lettuce roots, with no significant effect on the accumulation of Cd in the leaves （<i>P</i>&gt;0.05）. The accumulation of Cd in lettuce roots and leaves was mainly influenced by the total Cd content in the soil and the Cd-CaCl₂ content （<i>R</i>&gt;0.85, <i>P</i>&lt;0.05） and decreased with the increase in the humification degree of soil DOM and the content of humic-like substances. This study can provide data support for the ecological risk assessment of composite pollution of soil microplastics and heavy metals.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"3171-3178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Synergistic Effect of Location-oriented Industrial Policies on Pollution and Carbon Reduction].","authors":"Qian-Hua Zhang, Zhi-Qiang Bian","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202405156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202405156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the context of promoting the implementation of the manufacturing power and the construction of ecological civilization, clarifying the synergistic effect of location-oriented industrial policies in reducing pollution and carbon emissions is of practical importance. Based on panel data of 282 prefecture-level or above cities from 2006 to 2021 in China, this study used the \"Made in China 2025\" pilot demonstration city construction （referred to as \"demonstration city construction\"） as a quasi-natural experiment and used a difference-in-differences method to examine the impact effect, internal mechanism, and heterogeneity of location-oriented industrial policies on collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction and further explored the economic and social benefits generated by its collaborative governance effect. The results show that： ① Demonstration city construction resulted in an average annual reduction of 2.665×10^-3 μg·L^-1 and 3.510×10⁶ t of PM_2.5 concentration and CO₂ emissions, respectively, and an average annual increase of 0.027 units in the collaborative level of pollution and carbon reduction, forming a collaborative governance effect. This conclusion was still valid after endogeneity treatment and multiple rounds of robustness testing. ② The internal mechanism test revealed that demonstration city construction could promote collaborative governance of pollution and carbon reduction through the scale effect, technique effect, and composition effect. ③ Heterogeneity analysis showed that demonstration city construction could help central and western cities and non-resource-based cities achieve coordinated pollution and carbon reduction governance. Eastern cities only reduced carbon without controlling pollution, whereas resource-based cities only controlled pollution without reducing carbon and had not yet formed a collaborative governance effect. ④ Further research indicated that the collaborative effect of demonstration city construction in reducing pollution and carbon emissions could bring about economic and social benefits of approximately 120 905 billion yuan. The research showed the necessity to implement the concept of collaborative governance for pollution and carbon reduction, summarize the experience of pilot city construction, explore multidimensional driving paths for collaborative governance of urban pollution and carbon reduction, adapt to local conditions and times, and improve the design rules and implementation ideas of location-oriented industrial policies, which can accurately empower urban pollution and carbon reduction collaborative governance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2909-2920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Evolution Trade-offs and Synergistic Relationships in Ecological Functional Areas Based on Ecosystem Service Bundles： A Case Study of the Turpan-Hami Region].","authors":"Le Yuan, Jun-Xia Wang, Shao-Jie Bai","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404272","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Clarifying the spatial distribution and compositional structure of the ecological functional zone and understanding the evolution of the trade-offs and synergies among multiple ecosystem services （ESs） are essential for scientific management and restoration of Turpan-Hami Region ecosystems. The objective of this study was to explore the driving forces of the trade-offs/synergies for each ecosystem service bundle （ESB） and to develop differentiated ecological management strategies based on the ecological characteristics. Six ecosystem services （carbon storage （CS）, water yield （WY）, soil retention （SR）, habitat quality （HQ）, food production （FP）, and aesthetic landscape provision （ALP））, were quantified in the Turpan-Hami Region. Based on this, the comprehensive ability of multiple ecosystem services in different regions was quantified by calculating the multiple ecosystem services landscape index （MESLI）. Then, the SOFM algorithm was used to identify the ESBs. According to the ecological structural characteristics of the ESBs, the ecological functional zones were divided. Furthermore, the trade-offs/synergies among the ESs in each ESB were analyzed using Spearman correlation analysis. The results showed that： ① The area of construction land in the Turpan-Hami Region increased the most from 2000 to 2020 at 87.10%, followed by cultivated land （13.47%）, and the area of grassland and unutilized land continued to decrease. ② In terms of temporal distribution, the mean value of FP in the Turpan-Hami Region increased and then decreased, the ALP decreased and then increased, WY showed an increasing trend, HQ and SR showed a gradual increasing trend, and no significant change was observed in the mean value of CS from 2000 to 2020. In terms of spatial distribution, the high value areas of WY, HQ, SR, ALP, and CS were all distributed in a contiguous pattern in the Tianshan Mountains Region. The high value areas of FP were mainly distributed in the croplands in the oases of the pre-mountain plains. ③ The mean value of MESLI in the Turpan-Hami Region was 0.49, indicating that the region as a whole had a weak capacity to provide multiple ecosystem services, and the integrity of the ecosystem structure was low. The overall spatial distribution of MESLI showed high in the center and west and low in the south, with obvious spatial differentiation. The area was dominated by low MESLI values, accounting for 79.46% of the total area. ④ The area was divided into four ESBs based on the clustering analysis： ecological conservation bundle （ECB）, ecological protection bundle （EPB）, food production bundle （FPB）, and ecologically fragile bundle （EFB）. The ECB accounted for 10.55%, which had the strongest ability to provide multiple ecosystem services （MESLI=1.88）. EPB was the smallest, accounting for 2.02% of the total area of the region. FPB accounted for 8.07% of the total area. EFB accounted for 79.36% of the total area of the region, and it had the weakest abilit","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"3042-3057"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Characteristics of PM_2.5 Components and Typical Pollution Episodes in the Urban Areas of Beijing].","authors":"Kuan Jing, You-Feng Wang, Bao-Xian Liu, Qin Wang, Jia-Ming Fu, Yang Cao, Chen-Jing Wang, Bo-Tao Zhang, Xiu-E Shen","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403254","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Based on the measurements of atmospheric fine particulate matter （PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;） and its components, the evolution and sources of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; were studied at the Chegongzhuang site in the Beijing urban area in 2023. The primary component was crustal matter, accounting for 26.3% of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;, followed by nitrate （24.1%）. Secondary inorganic ions （SNA）, including nitrate, sulfate, and ammonium, collectively accounted for 43.5% of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;. The PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; composition was influenced by multiple factors, such as sandstorms and secondary pollution, in the view of its components. The proportions of SNA were 35.3%, 37.4%, 54.0%, and 45.7% in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively, with the highest proportions in February and September （56.2% and 55.1%）. The proportion of crustal material was 37.1% in spring, with the highest proportion of 45.6% in April. Different diurnal variations were observed for PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; components in all four seasons, owing to the different emission sources, generation mechanisms, and variations in boundary layer height. Overall, with the increase in PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; concentration, the proportion of organic carbon （OC） and elemental carbon （EC） decreased, and the proportion of SNA increased. Both the nitrogen oxidation rate （NOR） and sulfur oxidation rate （SOR） were significantly higher than 0.1, and NOR increased with PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt;. Secondary organic carbon （SOC） accounted for 59.2%-78.0% of OC. The PMF model showed that the sources of PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; in Beijing in 2023 were： secondary nitrate, vehicle sources, dust sources, secondary sulfate, secondary organic matter, industrial sources, coal combustion sources, and fireworks, with the contributions of 37.4%, 16.1%, 13.5%, 12.7%, 8.6%, 4.6%, 3.8%, and 1.1%, respectively. Secondary nitrate was the main source in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, with the contributions of 37.5%, 22.2%, 44.5%, and 39.6%, respectively. In summer, secondary sulfate and secondary organic matter contributed significantly, accounting for 21.0% and 21.2%, respectively. Dust was the second-largest source in spring, with the contribution of 26.2%. Three typical pollution episodes （haze pollution in the winter heating period, fine particulate matter superposition dust pollution in spring, and PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; combined pollution in autumn） were analyzed. Secondary accumulation was prominent, with the contribution rates of 77.3%, 53.4%, and 78.7% from secondary sources, respectively, for the three typical pollution episodes. Regional coal sources had a substantial effect, and the average contribution of combustion sources was 4.8% during the haze pollution in the winter heating period. For the episode in spring, the average contribution of dust sources was 29.8%. During the PM&lt;sub&gt;2.5&lt;/sub&gt; and O&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; combined pollution in autumn, atmospheric oxidation strongly promoted secondary conversion, and secondary sulfate contributed 32","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2629-2641"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Concentration Distribution and Health Risk Assessment of Phthalate Esters （PAEs） in Various Environmental Media in China].","authors":"Qing-Ping Du, Qia Chen, Xi-Chao Chen, Wei Li, Xu Zhao, Wei Gao, Keng Tu, Yun Liu","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Currently, research on phthalate esters （PAEs） mainly focuses on individual environmental media, such as water, soil, and air, lacking insights into the health risks associated with PAEs exposure across multiple environmental media for the Chinese population. Therefore, by integrating the published PAEs exposure data between 2010 and 2023, we explored the distribution pattern of PAEs contamination at the national scale, assessed the health risks mediated by multi-mediated PAEs exposure, and quantified the main contributing factors to the health risks of PAEs in China. A total of 3 457 PAEs exposure data points from 32 provinces were collected. The results indicated that dibutyl phthalate （DBP）, diisobutyl phthalate （DIBP）, and di（2-ethylhexyl） phthalate （DEHP） were the predominant pollutants in all environmental media. Zhejiang （120 ng·m^-3）, Heilongjiang （6 800 ng·L^-1）, and Guangxi （0.298 mg·kg^-1） exhibited the highest median concentrations and contents of PAEs in the atmosphere, water bodies, and soil, respectively. The risk assessment results revealed that the non-carcinogenic risks mediated by PAEs were below 1 for all provinces in China； however, children in Heilongjiang, Zhejiang, and Shanxi provinces faced carcinogenic risks due to exposure to PAEs across multiple media. DEHP was identified as the primary pollutant contributing to PAEs-related health risks （contributing approximately 71%-72%）, with water bodies and drinking water intake being the most significant exposure media and pathways, contributing approximately 48%-59% and 49%-59% of the total risk, respectively. Based on the established PAEs exposure database, this study reveals the current status of multi-mediated health risks of PAEs in the Chinese population, which can help to develop targeted strategies to reduce the health risks of PAEs exposure in the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2684-2693"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Spatio-temporal Evolution Characteristics of Carbon Emission Marginal Abatement Cost and Its Influencing Factors of the Tourism Industry in the Northwest China].","authors":"Yi Yang, Xin-Yue Guo","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202404134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202404134","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The carbon emissions generated by tourism are becoming an important part of greenhouse gas emissions, which will undoubtedly increase the cost of carbon emission reduction in tourist areas. Marginal carbon abatement cost （MCAC） plays an important role in balancing the relationship between tourism benefits and carbon emission reduction actions. Due to the lack of unified standards for MCAC calculation methods and research scales in the tourism industry and the lack of consensus on accounting principles and analysis methods of the influencing factors, obtaining scientific support for setting carbon tax rates and improving carbon emission trading based on MCAC in practice are difficult. Based on the slacks-based measure data envelopment analysis model, the linear programming method is used to measure and analyze the MCAC of tourism in Northwest China from 2001 to 2021 and its spatial and temporal evolution characteristics. The factors affecting the change of MCAC of tourism are discussed and the robustness and endogeneity tests are passed. The results show that the annual average value of MCAC in tourism in the northwest provinces increased from 706.78 yuan·t^-1 in 2001 to 2 651.04 yuan·t^-1 in 2021. The regional heterogeneity of MCAC in tourism was obvious, and the gap was gradually expanding. There was a \"U\"-shaped relationship between carbon emission intensity and MCAC in tourism. Therefore, it is proposed to implement carbon emission reduction actions on the basis of effectively balancing the relationship between green tourism development and MCAC. Further study showed that energy structure had a significant negative impact on the MCAC in tourism. The industrial structure, technological level, urbanization level, and tourist scale had a significant positive impact. Therefore, it is emphasized that the regional heterogeneity of MCAC in tourism is not only an important factor in the development of local tourism but also that the significant difference will provide conditions for the establishment of a carbon emission trading market. It is suggested to formulate carbon emission reduction targets and differentiated carbon emission reduction actions for tourism in northwest provinces； establish cooperation mechanisms among provinces； formulate unified green tourism standards and certification systems； promote cross-regional green tourism routes； improve low-carbon monitoring and early warning mechanisms for regional tourism； carry out green low-carbon tourism demonstration projects； formulate energy management plans for tourist attractions； establish monitoring, evaluation, and disclosure mechanisms for green low-carbon tourism； improve the quality of green tourism； and realize the \"win-win\" of green growth in tourism and carbon emission reduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"2897-2908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects of Polyethylene Microplastics with Different Particle Sizes on Soil Organic Carbon Characteristics and Mineralization in Agricultural Soil].","authors":"Shu-Ming Liu, Fei-Tong Chen, Chun-Hui Wang, Fan-Long Kong, Zhi-Xiang Jiang","doi":"10.13227/j.hjkx.202403264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.13227/j.hjkx.202403264","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The contamination of agricultural fields by microplastics （MPs） has emerged as a prominent issue of current concern. A 180-day indoor soil cultivation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects and potential mechanisms of various particle sizes [millimeter-scale （mMP）, micrometer-scale （μMP）, and nanometer-scale （nMP）] of polyethylene microplastics （PE-MP） on the mineralization of soil organic carbon （SOC） and changes in its characteristic components. The results indicated that while PE-MP initially （0-13 days） promoted SOC mineralization, it inhibited it over the long term （180 days）, with larger PE-MP particles exhibiting a more pronounced inhibitory effect. PE-MP significantly increased the proportion of SOC distribution within large （&gt;2 mm） and small （0.25-2 mm） aggregates while reducing it in micro-aggregates and silt-clay fractions, with larger-sized PE-MP （mMP and μMP） showing a more pronounced effect, suggesting that the physical protection of SOC by larger aggregates may be a key mechanism for reducing SOC mineralization. Larger-sized PE-MP （mMP） significantly increased the content of active organic carbon [readily oxidizable organic carbon （ROC） and dissolved organic carbon （DOC）] in soil, whereas smaller-sized PE-MP （nMP） significantly decreased DOC content. PE-MP notably increased the content of light fraction organic carbon （LFOC） while significantly decreasing that of heavy fraction organic carbon （HFOC）, with the degree of reduction becoming more pronounced with decreasing particle size. Furthermore, PE-MP significantly reduced the humification degree of dissolved organic matter （DOM）, with smaller particle sizes leading to higher reductions. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling further revealed that particle size mediated the differential impacts of PE-MP on the contents of various organic carbon characteristic components, degree of DOM humification, and the proportion of SOC in large and small aggregates, thereby influencing the ultimate intensity of SOC mineralization （cumulative CO₂ emissions）. In summary, larger-sized PE-MP facilitated SOC retention and inhibition of its mineralization in agricultural fields； however, as particle size decreases, this beneficial effect may diminish and even become detrimental. These findings provide valuable scientific theoretical foundations for the scientific assessment of the environmental effects of PE-MP in agricultural fields and for effective pollution prevention and control measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35937,"journal":{"name":"环境科学","volume":"46 5","pages":"3161-3170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144102664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}