农学最新文献

{"title":"Lactic acid bacteria reduce the toxicity of tetrodotoxin through peptidoglycan mediated binding","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Jingqin Ye ,&nbsp;Chang'e Wang ,&nbsp;Hengliang Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin found in nature, the possible presence of TTX in pufferfish ovaries, liver, and other processing waste poses a serious environmental and safety hazard. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was found to be able to remove a variety of harmful substances, however, its elimination action and mechanism on TTX is not clear. In this study, the removal effects of different states (activated, inactivated, and fragmented LABs) of three LAB strains on TTX amount and toxicity were tested and compared. It was found that thermal inactivated LABs had the best effect, which could reduce the TTX amount by 49.0%–60.33% and decrease the toxicity of TTX by 57.0%–83.67%. In addition, peptidoglycan (PG) of three strains of LABs was found to be a key component in the removal of TTX, which could decrease the toxicity of TTX by more than 87.0 %. By analyzing the changes of functional groups of PGs, zeta-potential and binding effect between PG and TTX before and after the masking of carboxyl or amino groups of PGs, it was found that the removal effect of PG to TTX was significantly decreased (&gt;55.0%) when the carboxyl or amino groups of PGs were masked. At the same time, the zeta-potential of PG combined with TTX was also decreased. These results suggested that the amino and carboxyl groups of PGs were important action sites for the binding interaction between LAB and TTX, and electrostatic interaction might be one of the ways of binding between PG and TTX. Our study could provide a scientific supporting on the removal action mechanism research of PG to TTX.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 421-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaesthetic profile of thymol and menthol in zebrafish larvae model","authors":"Raquel S.F. Vieira ,&nbsp;Diana Sousa ,&nbsp;Luís M. Félix ,&nbsp;Carlos A.S. Venâncio","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture procedures such as capturing, handling, and transporting fish can lead to stress in animals. For this reason, anaesthesia has been recommended to reduce fish stress during these procedures. Synthetic and natural anaesthetics such as tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and eugenol (monoterpene) are commonly used; however, biochemical changes and aversive effects have been reported. Other monoterpene compounds such as thymol and menthol, have shown potential anaesthetic effects in fish species. Thus, further investigation of its anaesthetic properties seems imperative, and the use of the zebrafish in the early stages of its development is an appropriate model due to its advantages. Therefore, the aimed to evaluate the anaesthetic profile of thymol and menthol in zebrafish at 72 hpf (hours post fertilisation). Following the determination of the effective anaesthetic concentration, three concentrations (100, 200 and 300 mg/L for thymol and 200, 400 and 500 mg/L for menthol) were further tested by focusing on mortality rate, heart rate, behaviour features of induction and oxidative effects in comparison to MS-222 and eugenol. Both monoterpenes caused anaesthetic effects in a concentration-dependent manner, with concentrations of 200 mg/L exhibiting a similar profile to MS-222 and eugenol, as evidenced by the increased recovery times.</div><div>Furthermore, anaesthesia with thymol and menthol caused post-anaesthesia motor pattern abnormalities, which supported some indicators of stress. Slight modifications in physiological parameters and antioxidant changes were observed, but their association with thymol and menthol anaesthesia is unclear. Although supporting its anaesthetic use, more extensive research will be required to fully understand the impact of these natural anaesthetics on fish behaviour and stress levels, ultimately leading to safer and more successful anaesthetic operations in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 401-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular cloning and expression characteristics of ghrl and ghsr genes in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)","authors":"Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianjun Fu ,&nbsp;Mingkun Luo ,&nbsp;Xiulan Shi ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhu ,&nbsp;Lanmei Wang ,&nbsp;Shichang Shu ,&nbsp;Zaijie Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ghrelin (<em>ghrl</em>) and its receptor gene <em>ghsr</em> (growth hormone secretagogue receptor) regulate numerous physiological functions, including growth hormone secretion and food intake. In the present study, we investigated the sequences and expression characteristics of these two genes in bighead carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</em>). The <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> genes encoded 106 and 346 amino acids, respectively, and were 1208 bp and 2239 bp in length. Early blastocysts exhibited the highest levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression throughout early development (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The gut exhibited the highest levels of <em>ghrl</em> expression, whereas significantly higher levels of <em>ghsr</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) were detected in the brain. Significantly higher levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression were detected in the intestine and muscle in summer compared to the levels in winter (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the significantly higher levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression were detected in the muscle of individuals with big size compared to the levels of individuals with small size (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>In situ</em> hybridization analyses revealed that the intestine <em>ghrl</em> expression signals were more pronounced than intestinal <em>ghsr</em> expression signals, whereas the <em>ghsr</em> expression signals were more intense than those of <em>ghrl</em> in brain tissues. Finally, the co-expression patterns of related genes in the growth hormone synthesis, secretion, and action pathway (ko04935) and the cAMP signaling pathway (ko04024) indicated that <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> potentially regulate feeding and associated energy metabolism activities in bighead carp, in addition to influencing growth performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on the regulation of muscle regeneration by microRNA.","authors":"Tai-Zeng Zhou, Qiu-Yang Chen, Yi-Ting Yang, Mai-Lin Gan, Li Zhu, Lin-Yuan Shen","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNA (miRNA) is a class of single-stranded non-coding short RNA molecules about the size of 22 nt. Currently, miRNA has received the most extensive research and attention, and miRNA has been shown to be involved in the post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in almost all cellular events, including cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and apoptosis. miRNA plays an important role in the process of muscle regeneration by targeting key factors at different stages of skeletal muscle regeneration. In this review, we summarize the role of miRNA in regulating muscle regeneration by affecting satellite cell quiescence, myoblast proliferation, and differentiation during muscle regeneration, and update the relationship between miRNA and PI3K/AKT, TGF-β/Smad signaling during muscle regeneration. The research progress of pathway interaction will help researchers to learn more about the knowledge of miRNA in muscle regeneration biology, and provide a better understanding of the involvement of non-coding RNAs in muscle regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 5","pages":"513-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation and purification of antioxidant peptides from swim bladder of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"Suxin Li ,&nbsp;Jinhui Gu ,&nbsp;Biluan Zhong ,&nbsp;Rui Feng ,&nbsp;Hao Pan ,&nbsp;Yiyi Liu ,&nbsp;Wenzheng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Swim bladder is a kind of material with rich nutritional value, wide access and a good source of collagen. In order to make it more fully utilized and absorbed by human body, using grass carp swim bladder as raw material and alkaline protease-neutral protease to prepare collagen peptide, the degree of hydrolysis can reach 36.91%. The results proved that after purification by ultrafiltration membrane and gel column chromatography, the antioxidant activity of GCP generally increased with the increase of concentration, and the smaller the molecular weight of GCP obtained after separation and purification, the stronger the overall antioxidant activity. Among them, the ABTS⁺ scavenging rate of GCP with a certain molecular weight was 88.64%. Moreover, GCP also has good SOD scavenging ability and ferrous ion chelating ability. The total antioxidant activity of GCP-II purified by G15 gel column is great, for it exerts considerable antioxidant capacity at a lower concentration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 485-493"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139824620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The difference of the composition and digestive enzymes of gut microbiome in herbivorous blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) and carnivorous largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)","authors":"Lin Yu,&nbsp;Zihao Yuan,&nbsp;Xin Huang,&nbsp;Zexia Gao,&nbsp;Han Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Blunt snout bream (<em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>) and largemouth bass (<em>Micropterus salmoides</em>) are a herbivorous and a carnivorous freshwater fish species respectively. These fish possess distinct intestinal microorganisms and digestive enzymes that play a vital role in nutrient digestion. As a result, herbivorous and carnivorous fish exhibit significant differences in their digestive strategies. In this study, we investigated the compositions and functions of the gut flora of herbivorous <em>M. amblycephala</em> and carnivorous <em>M. salmoides</em> by 16S rRNA sequencing. PCoA analysis revealed that the gut flora of <em>M. amblycephala</em> and <em>M. salmoides</em> formed two distinct clusters. OTU analysis found that <em>M. amblycephala</em> and <em>M. salmoides</em> shared a small number, but high abundance, of core microorganisms, and that a large number of microorganisms differed at the phylum and genus levels between the two species. The cellulose-degrading bacteria <em>Longivirga</em>, <em>Flavobacterium</em>, <em>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12</em>, and <em>Bacillus</em> were dominant in <em>M. amblycephala</em>, while protein-degrading bacteria <em>Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1</em>, <em>Lactococcus</em>, <em>Streptococcus</em> and <em>Proteiniclasticum</em> were dominant in <em>M. salmoides</em>. PICRUSt analysis showed significant differences in carbohydrate and protein metabolism functions as well. In addition, cellulase and amylase activities were significantly higher in <em>M. amblycephala</em> than in <em>M. salmoides</em>, while trypsin activity was significantly higher in <em>M. salmoides</em> than in <em>M. amblycephala</em>. These results indicated that dietary patterns influenced the composition and function of the bacterial community and the activity of digestive enzymes in the host’s gut.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 459-468"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140091739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SuperDecode: A versatile toolkit for mutation analysis in genome editing.","authors":"Guoying Hua, Chenfei He, Erwei Zuo","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00213-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-025-00213-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The CRISPR-Cas system has revolutionized modern life sciences, enabling groundbreaking applications ranging from functional genomics to therapeutic development. Despite its transformative potential, significant technical limitations persist in current computational tools for quantifying editing efficiency - particularly concerning data processing capabilities, analytical throughput, and operational flexibility. This research presents SuperDecode, a novel computational framework designed to address these methodological constraints. The SuperDecode offers key advantages, including local processing capabilities, large-size sequencing files, batch-processing, and diversified operational functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"377-380"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238685/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breeding and molecular characterization of a new salt-tolerant wheat variety.","authors":"Wanqing Bai, Ziyi Yang, Shuxian Huang, Anqi Li, Liming Wang, Yunwei Zhang, Jiaqiang Sun","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00211-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42994-025-00211-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soil salinization is a severely detrimental environmental problem that affects the seed germination, growth and yield of wheat. To excavate salt-tolerant genes and breed salt-tolerant wheat varieties are of great significance for ensuring global food security. In this study, we have successfully developed a novel salt-tolerant wheat cultivar, KD808, which is shown to have remarkable salt tolerance through multiple phenotypic analyses. RNA-seq coupled with RT-qPCR analyses reveal that the expression of <i>TaSGR-5B</i> is up-regulated by salt stress treatment in the salt-sensitive wheat varieties such as KN199 and Fielder, whereas the salt-induction of <i>TaSGR-5B</i> is abolished in our salt-tolerant variety KD808. More importantly, we found that the loss-of-function <i>Tasgr-aabbdd</i> mutants exhibit significantly salt-tolerant phenotypes without penalties in major agronomic traits. This study not only provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in wheat but also offers substantial potential for improving wheat cultivation in saline-alkali soils, thereby contributing to sustainable agricultural production.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s42994-025-00211-w.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"278-283"},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on plant parthenogenesis: promoting the application of synthetic apomixis.","authors":"Ya-Jie Ji, Jie Xiong, Xian-Jin Qiu, Ke-Jian Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Apomixis is a form of asexual reproduction in plants where embryos and clone seeds are formed directly without meiosis and fertilization. The progenies generated through apomixis are genetically identical to the maternal plants, and the genotypes does not change across generations, and the phenotypes do not undergo segregation. Successful introduction of apomixis into major crops and permanent, can achieve the permanent fixation of crop heterosis, will resulting in significant economic benefits. Parthenogenesis constitutes a pivotal component in artificial apomixis, facilitating the transition from sexual reproduction to unisexual reproduction. In this review, we summarize the recent studies on plant parthenogenesis genes, and provide an overview of the application in haploid breeding and apomixis system. This contributes to a deeper and comprehensive understanding of parthenogenesis, offering important references for its application in apomixis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 4","pages":"448-455"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144001299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements in the determination and transformation of muscle fiber type in animal skeletal muscles.","authors":"Jing Luo, Kai-Ying Lei, Song Shi, Xiao-Li Xu, Xue-Liang Sun, Mei-Jun Song, Hong-Ping Zhang, Li Li","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle fibers are the fundamental units of skeletal muscle. Based on contraction speed and metabolic properties, muscle fibers are categorized into fast-twitch and slow-twitch fibers. Further subdivision based on MyHC gene isoforms identifies them as type I, IIA, IIB, and IIX fibers. There is potential for interconversion among these muscle fiber types. The proportions of different muscle fibers determine muscle functional properties and affect muscle quality. Compared with muscles mainly harboring fast-twitch fibers, muscles predominantly composed of slow-twitch fibers are characterized by enhanced water-holding capacity, tenderness, and superior flavor. During the formation and transformation of animal skeletal muscle fibers, the expression of a series of muscle-specific genes is precisely regulated by <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements. These <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements achieve precise regulation of the target genes through interactions with transcription factors and other regulatory proteins, thereby ensuring the formation and transformation of muscle fibers. Based on introducing the types and characteristics of muscle fibers, we summarize and prospect the role of the transcription factors and <i>cis</i>-regulatory elements in the formation and transformation of fast-twitch and slow-twitch muscle fibers in livestock. The aim of this review is to deepen the understanding of the relationship between gene expression regulation and muscle fiber diversity, and to provide theoretical support for the improvement of meat quality in livestock.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 4","pages":"437-447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}