农学最新文献

{"title":"Polymorphisms in cathepsin b is associated with growth in Asian seabass","authors":"Shadame Yeo ,&nbsp;Joey Wong ,&nbsp;Y.X. Tay ,&nbsp;Zituo Yang ,&nbsp;Le Wang ,&nbsp;Fei Sun ,&nbsp;May Lee ,&nbsp;Yanfei Wen ,&nbsp;Gen Hua Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the relationship between polymorphisms in the cathepsin B (<em>ctsb</em>) gene and body weight in Asian seabass (<em>Lates calcarifer</em>). Despite the economic significance of this species, the genetic factors that influence growth performance in fish remain poorly understood. CTSB, a lysosomal cysteine protease involved in protein degradation and tissue remodelling, is a crucial regulator of growth. We analysed the full-length cDNA of <em>ctsb</em> and mapped it to the major quantitative trait locus (QTL) for growth on linkage group 2 in <em>L. calcarifer</em>. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within ctsb were identified and their associations with body weight were analysed in 298 individuals. Results revealed that SNP1 (C &gt; T) in intron 2 of <em>ctsb</em> was significantly correlated with body weight. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that <em>ctsb</em> was expressed in all tissues, with the highest expression in the gills and kidney of developing seabass. Knockdown/overexpression of <em>ctsb</em> in cell lines respectively promoted/inhibited cell proliferation without altering cell size. These findings suggest that <em>ctsb</em> plays a significant role in growth regulation in Asian seabass. This study provides a potential molecular marker for selecting fast-growing Asian seabass. Future research should focus on identifying causal variants in ctsb associated with accelerated growth, conducting in vivo studies, and exploring related signalling pathways.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 764-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of drought stress on morpho-physiological characteristics of rapeseed cultivars (Brassica napus L.)","authors":"Saeid Zamani,&nbsp;Ali Arminian,&nbsp;Batool Zarei,&nbsp;Somayeh Hajinia","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The morpho-physiological responses of 15 rapeseed genotypes to drought stress were assessed, revealing strong correlations among various characteristics. Under control conditions, the genotype Angelico fascinated the highest chlorophyll content, while Nilofar had the highest carotenoid content, grain yield, and harvest index (HI). Talaye recorded the highest proline content. Under drought conditions, Nafis maintained the highest plant height, pod number, biomass, and grain yield. Angelico demonstrated the highest chlorophyll and relative water content (RWC). Nima showed the highest carotenoid content, Zarfam excelled in chlorophyll <em>b</em>, and Nafis recorded the highest proline content. Overall, drought stress resulted in a significant reduction in most morpho-physiological traits. In the principal component analysis (PCA), the first two components explained a substantial portion of the variation in both control and drought conditions, facilitating the classification of the genotypes into two distinct groups. Additionally, twelve drought stress indices further categorized the genotypes, with the first two components accounting for the majority of the variation (99.45%). Notably, the Nilofar, Nima, Nafis, and Shirali cultivars were grouped together under both control and drought conditions, exhibiting the highest grain yield. These genotypes could be considered drought-tolerant varieties of this study. The research identified stable and high-performing rapeseed genotypes, which are recommended for future breeding programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 165-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144516941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in the study of 3' untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs.","authors":"Hao-Yu Luo, Xiao-Hong Yan, Fang Mu, Ning Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 3' untranslated regions (3'UTRs) are a component of eukaryotic messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and located at their 3'-most ends. 3'UTRs play crucial roles in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, regulating cleavage and polyadenylation, mRNA stability, mRNA translation and localization. With deepening research of the 3'UTRs, and with advent of various omics methods, a few unexpected functions of the eukaryotic 3'UTRs have been uncovered. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the study of 3'UTRs and propose the future research directions for studying the roles and mechanisms of the 3'UTRs, with the aim to provide a better reference for comprehensively investigating gene function and regulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 6","pages":"616-624"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harmonizing safety and development: effective conservation and sustainable utilization of China's human genetic resources.","authors":"Min Zhu, Huan-Lu Tan, Tian-Yu Zhao, Lin-Xiao Wang, Miao Kuang, Jian-Zhong Shen","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-049","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The management of human genetic resources constitutes a critical part of the national biosafety system. Its importance increasingly underscored by rapid development in biotechnology. After years of efforts, China has established a relatively comprehensive management system in areas such as legal infrastructure, regulatory mechanisms, and the conservation and utilization of human genetic resources. Nevertheless, facing the new demands of industry development in the new era and new situation, China still encounters numerous problems in the management of human genetic resources, such as less effective protection, inadequate rational utilization, a shortage of specialized personnel, and insufficient regulatory capabilities. To address these problems, this article systematically reviews the development of China's human genetic resources management system, analyzes the current main risks and challenges, and proposes targeted policy recommendations to harmonize development with safety imperatives, thereby facilitating the effective conservation and sustainable utilization of human genetic resources in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 6","pages":"611-615"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ARC microbial inoculants promote peanut growth and yield while suppressing Aspergillus flavus infection","authors":"Gege Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruinan Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaodi Ma ,&nbsp;Yuxuan Hong ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Ling Cheng ,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Tang ,&nbsp;Qin Han ,&nbsp;Qi Zhang ,&nbsp;Peiwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Peanuts are important oilseed legume crops that are susceptible to contamination by <em>Aspergillus flavus</em> in soil, leading to serious economic losses. Previously, our research team developed the <em>Aspergillus-</em>Rihizobia coupling (ARC) microbial inoculants and found it can reduce <em>A. flavus</em> abundance in the soil and promote efficient nodulation in peanuts. However, the impact of ARC microbial inoculants on different resistant varieties of <em>A</em>. <em>flavus</em> remains unclear. In this study, we screened peanut varieties that were resistant and susceptible to <em>A. flavus</em> and evaluated their nodulation ability and growth performance after ARC microbial inoculants treatment in the field. The results demonstrated that the nodule number and nitrogenase activity of both varieties significantly increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment, with the highly susceptible variety AH24 showing a greater increase. For photosynthetic parameters, both varieties also increased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment, but the increase was greater in the moderately resistant variety AH1 than in the highly susceptible variety AH24. Finally, we found that the yield and yield-related traits of the moderately resistant variety AH1 were better than those of the highly susceptible variety AH24. After ARC microbial inoculants treatment, the yield traits of both peanut varieties still increased significantly, but the degree of increase of the moderately resistant variety AH1 was smaller than that of the highly susceptible variety AH24. In addition, the abundance of <em>A. flavus</em> in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties significantly decreased after ARC microbial inoculants treatment, with no significant difference between the varieties. These results indicated that ARC microbial inoculants exert differential effects on the nodulation and growth of different resistant peanut varieties and have a better effect on highly susceptible varieties. These results provide a solid theoretical basis for the efficient use of ARC microbial inoculants in the field of peanuts in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 109-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144221653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on the role of eicosanoids in insect immunity.","authors":"Yi-Min Zhao, Rui-Xuan Li, Zi-Yi Qin, Yong Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-282","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Eicosanoids are synthesized from arachidonic acid, which are oxygenated metabolites of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids through cyclooxygenases (COXs) or lipoxygenases (LOXs). Eicosanoids include prostaglandins (PGs), thromboxanes (TXs), epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and leukotrienes (LTs), etc. Eicosanoids mediate a number of physiological processes in insects, such as Malpighian tubule and ovary development, or immune response. They play the important roles in regulating cellular immune processes to clear bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses by hemocytes and the humoral immune pathways. In this review, we summarize the pathways of eicosanoids synthesis, different types of insect immune response and relationship between eicosanoids and humoral immune system. Understanding the role of eicosanoids in insect immune system, and key enzymes or inhibitors in the pathway of eicosanoids synthesis, will provide theoretical guide for the research in pathogen and insects interaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 6","pages":"636-649"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide analysis and stress-responsive expression profiling of the LEA (late embryogenesis abundant) gene family in wild peanut","authors":"Jiang Huanhuan ,&nbsp;Chen Qiangbin ,&nbsp;Wang Tong ,&nbsp;Chen Gang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins generally accumulate in seeds during the later stages of maturation. Here we studied the LEA genes in two wild peanut species (<em>Arachis duranensis</em> and <em>Arachis ipaensis</em>) in an effort to create a genetic resource for peanut crop improvement. we identified 65 <em>AdLEA</em> and 69 <em>AiLEA</em> genes representing all 8 LEA subfamilies, which were unevenly distributed across 10 peanut chromosomes. The majority of LEA proteins were found to be highly hydrophilic. MEME analysis indicated that LEA gene motifs were conserved within groups, but not between groups. The LEA genes contained a diverse array of stress- and phytohormone-responsive <em>cis</em>-acting elements, with the <em>AdLEA2-20</em> and <em>AiLEA2-20</em> genes containing the greatest number of elements. Both <em>AdLEA2-20</em> and <em>AiLEA2-20</em> were upregulated in response to cold temperatures, drought, salinity, and abscisic acid exposure, although the dynamics were tissue-dependent. This study lays the foundation for future studies on the LEA gene family and abiotic stress in peanut, and our results will be invaluable for the genetic improvement of peanut by characterizing the genetic resources of wild peanut species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 100-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144212105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and progress of proximity labeling technology in the study of protein-protein interactions.","authors":"Xin-Ru Xu, Ben-Hua Qiu, Xiu-Min Yan","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-307","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Protein-protein interactions are essential to almost all biological processes within cells. In recent years, proximity labeling technology has emerged as a cutting-edge approach for studying protein interactions and subcellular compartment proteomics. This technique enables labeling and capture of neighboring proteins by introducing chemical tags in the vicinity of a target protein. When combined with mass spectrometry, proximity labeling facilitates the effective identification of protein-protein interactions and proteomic landscapes of subcellular compartments with high spatiotemporal resolution. Compared to traditional methods, proximity labeling offers superior resolution, sensitivity, and real-time tracking capabilities，making it a powerful tool for investigating protein functions, interactions, and spatial proteomics within cells. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the principles, classifications, and applications of proximity labeling technology, aiming to offer researchers valuable insights into this innovative methodology and to promote its broader application in cell biology, proteomics, and the study of disease mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 6","pages":"625-635"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic analysis and identification of candidate genes for a narrow and long grain mutant (<i>nlg1</i>) in rice.","authors":"Nian Guo, Chen-Jie Wang, Zhao Li, Nan-Nan Han, Chen Zhou, Kai-Ying Wang, Ke Huang, Yong-Qing Pan, Ying-Jie Li, Yun-Hai Li","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-329","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Grain size is one of the components that determine the rice yield. Exploring more key genes that regulating grain size and analyzing their molecular mechanisms are of great importance for precision breeding of rice. In this study, we screened a mutant <i>nlg1</i>(narrow and long <u>g</u>rain 1) with narrow and long grains by mutagenizing the japonica rice variety ZH11 with EMS. Observation and statistical analysis of the outer surface of the mature glume of <i>nlg1</i> by scanning electron microscopy revealed an increased number of longitudinal cells and a decreased number of transverse cells, along with a reduction in the width of transverse cells. These findings suggest that <i>NLG1</i> may regulate grain size by simultaneously influencing the proliferation and expansion of lemma cells. The candidate gene was cloned by genome resequencing combined with MutMap analysis method. The results showed that the candidate gene of LOC_Os09g27590 was the previous reported gene, <i>GS9</i>, which encodes a protein with unknown domains. In the <i>nlg1</i> mutant, a base C was inserted in the first exon of the candidate gene of LOC_Os09g27590, causing a frameshift mutation that leads to premature termination of protein translation. Further genetic complementation experiments showed that <i>NLG1</i> rescued the phenotype of the <i>nlg1</i> mutant. Therefore, this study identifies a novel <i>GS9</i> allele mutation, and further dissection of its molecular regulatory networks in grain size control can provides a theoretical support and genetic resources for precise rice breeding.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 6","pages":"672-680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the biochemical composition and potential applications of sesame seeds and seed cake: a decade overview","authors":"Anwesha Mahajan ,&nbsp;Vaishali Roy ,&nbsp;Paras Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2025.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sesame is the most widely produced oilseed crop with the highest oil content (83%–90%) in Asia, Africa. The seed contains a high amount of protein (19%–35%), dietary fiber (15%–20%), carbohydrate (14%–20%), polyunsaturated fatty acids, and micronutrients. It also contains lignans like sesamol, sesamin, and sesamolin, which protect the oil from oxidative rancidity. The seed also provides seed cake with nutritional value after oil extraction, which is used as a biopolymer in the applications of food packaging, bakery, and confectionary industries, as well as in the preparation of edible and coating films. It can replace commercial expanded polystyrene, which is non-biodegradable in nature. Being the richest source of nutrients, sesame seeds and oilseed cakes have been implemented in different food processing industries. The present review focused on the comprehensive study of biochemical compositions, anti-nutrients, phytochemicals, and antioxidants of sesame seeds and seed cakes and their applications in foods industries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"10 2","pages":"Pages 144-153"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}