农学最新文献

{"title":"Molecular basis of microRNA stability and degradation in plants.","authors":"Meng-Wei Guo, You-Hong Fan, Guo-Dong Ren","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-030","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous small non-coding RNAs with 20 to 24 nucleotides in length. They primarily regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level and influence numerous biological processes, including reproduction, development, and responses to environmental stimuli in both plants and animals. The spatiotemporal expression of miRNAs across organs, tissues, and cells is tightly regulated at multiple levels, encompassing transcription, processing, stability control, and targeted degradation. The biochemical pathway of miRNA biogenesis, including transcription and processing, has been established, and its regulatory mechanisms have also been extensively studied. In this review, we systematically summarize current advances in post-biogenesis regulation of miRNA stability, turnover, and targeted degradation in plants, with comparative analyses of similarities and differences in animal systems. By integrating these advances, this review seeks to provide a framework for further elucidating the molecular mechanisms controlling intracellular miRNA abundance.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"944-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application and prospects of current computational methods in m⁶A research: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Ding-Wei Lei, Rui-Chu Gu, Xiao-Xue Xie, Shi-Zhi Ding, Han Wen","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-373","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>N</i>⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is the most prevalent modification in eukaryotic mRNA, playing a pivotal role in regulating various aspects of mRNA metabolism, including splicing, processing, degradation, and translation. This review provides a comprehensive overview of computational strategies employed in m⁶A research, with an emphasis on data-driven methodologies for the prediction of m⁶A sites and molecular dynamics simulations for deciphering m⁶A-associated biological mechanisms. The article first discusses the evolution of m⁶A detection technologies, outlines the corresponding data processing methods, and summarizes publicly available datasets that serve as essential resources for constructing computational models. Subsequently, we highlight research advancements in machine learning and deep learning models for m⁶A site prediction. Finally, we demonstrate the contributions of molecular dynamics simulations in unravelling m⁶A-related molecular mechanisms, illustrating how computational methods facilitate the understanding of this complex epigenetic regulation. By systematically synthesizing relevant content, this review further discusses the latest research progress and application values of computational methods in m⁶A modification, offering new perspectives and insights for in-depth investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"903-927"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogenesis, action, function of plant small RNAs and their potential application in agriculture.","authors":"Huai-Hao Yang, Bing-Lian Zheng","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-163","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant small RNAs (sRNAs) are essential regulators of gene expression and genome stability in plants. Based on their biogenesis and mechanisms of action, they are primarily classified into two major categories: microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs). These sRNAs rely on distinct processing proteins for their production and effector proteins to execute their functions, playing pivotal roles in diverse developmental processes and environmental responses. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have identified numerous novel sRNAs across multiple plant species, while studies in <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> and various crops have significantly enhanced our understanding of their biogenesis, regulatory networks, and biological functions. In this review, we systematically summarize the research progress on different classes of plant sRNAs, focusing on their biosynthetic pathways, molecular mechanisms, and biological function. Furthermore, we discuss the potential applications of plant sRNAs in agriculture, including their prospects as next-generation RNA pesticides, supported by current technological developments. This review aims to provide a theoretical foundation for further research on plant sRNAs and their agricultural applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"928-943"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on nucleos(t)idyl lipid-based nanoparticles for nucleic acid drugs delivery.","authors":"Jia-Mei Hong, Hong-Yi Liu, Hua Guo, Jing Yu, Qi Zhang, Zhu Guan, Zhen-Jun Yang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-378","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nucleic acid drugs can function at the gene level, and have the advantages of simple synthesis, easy modification and high specificity. However, there are many obstacles in transfection and <i>in vivo</i> delivery due to their negative charge, high molecular weight, and hydrophilicity. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) can encapsulate siRNA or mRNA through electrostatic interactions and five related drugs have been approved as of April 2025. However, due to the inevitable immunogenicity and hepatosplenic toxicity, most LNP-encapsulated nucleic acid drugs were terminated in the early clinical stage. Nucleos(t)idyl lipids are a class of amphiphilic molecules composed of nucleobases or nucleos(t)idyl heads, linkers and lipid tail chains, which can bind with the bases of nucleic acid drugs through hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking and self-assemble to form nanoparticles or micelles with broad application prospects. In this review, we summarize the research progress in delivery systems of nucleic acid drugs based on nucleos(t)idyl lipids and peptidyl lipids, and discuss their differences with LNP-encapsulated nucleic acid drugs, including structural characterization, molecular dynamics simulation, <i>in vivo</i> distribution, as well as efficacy and safety, so as to provide new ideas for improving the targeting delivery of nucleic acid drugs.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"823-841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas system targeting RNA and its derivative technology.","authors":"Xun Zhou, Shi-Jie Zhou, Jie Liu, Yu-Xiang Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-311","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-311","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA editing is one of the important research directions in the field of epigenetics. With further research, scientists have discovered that the CRISPR/Cas system can target not only DNA but also RNA, thereby achieving precise gene editing at the transcriptional level. Moreover, using the CRISPR/Cas system for RNA editing can also avoid damage to genome. At present, a variety of derivative technologies based on RNA-targeting CRISPR systems have been developed, including RNA knockdown and editing, nucleic acid detection and imaging, and RNA tracking. The emergence of these derivative technologies provides powerful tools for deciphering biological genetic mechanisms and disease treatment. In this review, we summarize the structure, function, mechanisms, and derived technologies of RNA-targeting CRISPR/Cas systems, aiming to enrich people's understanding of CRISPR/Cas-mediated RNA editing.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"842-860"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"RNAi-based antiviral immunity.","authors":"De-Yu Xu, Xi Zhou, Yu-Jie Ren","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-077","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>RNA interference (RNAi) is a gene silencing mechanism mediated by small RNAs derived from double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), capable of silencing specific genes. Following viral invasion, the dsRNA produced during viral replication is cleaved by the host cell's Dicer protein, generating virus-derived small interfering RNAs (virus-derived small interference RNAs, vsiRNA). These vsiRNAs then guide the cleavage and degradation of viral RNA <i>via</i> the RNAi pathway, exerting an antiviral effect. Therefore, RNAi is also recognized as an efficient antiviral immune pathway during viral infection. However, through long-term evolution, viruses have developed various strategies to counteract RNAi. For instance, they encode specific viral suppressors of RNAi (VSRs) that target and antagonize key molecules in this pathway. Research indicates that designing drugs to specifically target VSRs can \"unlock\" the antiviral function of RNAi within host cells, demonstrating highly potent and relatively broad-spectrum antiviral activity. Furthermore, viral infection can also be regulated by host- or virus-derived microRNAs (miRNAs). The role of miRNAs in viral infection provides new targets for antiviral therapy. In this review, we summarize the mechanism of RNAi in antiviral immunity, recent research advances, and its application prospects in antiviral therapy, aiming to provide theoretical support for antiviral immunity research and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 8","pages":"876-884"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144875603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spirulina (Arthrospira), as feed additive in finfish and shellfish aquaculture","authors":"Einar Ringø","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As the production of fish and shellfish is increasing, and the price of fishmeal is high cheaper suitable alternatives must be evaluated. <em>Spirulina</em> (<em>Arthrospira</em>), a filamentous blue-green microalgae, reported worldwide in fresh and marine waters, could be an alternative protein- and vitamins source. According to the Web of Science using the key words <em>Spirulina</em> and aquaculture 640 studies have been published on the topic since the first study was published by Stanley and Jones in 1976. Some microalgae including <em>Spirulina</em> contain several bioactive phytochemicals that exhibit anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. Based on this, numerous studies have revealed that the supplementation of <em>Spirulina</em> to several fish and shellfish species improve growth performance, enhance cellular and humoral immunities, modulate the gut microbiota composition and improve disease resistance towards pathogenic infection (<em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em>, <em>Vibrio harveyi</em>, <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> and <em>Aeromonas sobria</em>). This review article evaluates the supplementation of <em>Spirulina</em> as a functional feed additive in sustainable fish and shellfish aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 6","pages":"Pages 931-944"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145289937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum regarding missing ethics statement, consent to participate statements and declaration of competing interest in articles previously published in Volume 10","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 6","pages":"Page 1106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145290105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Discovery of bifunctional diterpene cyclases/synthases in bacteria supports a bacterial origin for the plant terpene synthase gene family.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhaf170","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhaf170","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhaf139.].</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"12 8","pages":"uhaf170"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12302711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design strategies and applications of fluorescent protein-based probes.","authors":"Ning Zhang, Ye Tian","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The discovery of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized cell biology research. By fusing fluorescent proteins with target proteins, fluorescent biosensors can be constructed to enable real-time monitoring of dynamic cellular events in live cells and organisms. The unique physicochemical properties of fluorescent proteins, such as spectral range, chromophore maturation speed, pH sensitivity, and stability, offer diverse options for probe design. Researchers have developed various fluorescent biosensors based on these properties to monitor distinct molecular events. This review systematically summarizes the main strategies for designing fluorescent protein probes and highlights their typical applications in biological research. It provides a reference for developing more efficient and specialized fluorescent probes to address complex biological questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"711-728"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}