农学最新文献

{"title":"Progress on the construction of <i>Streptomyces</i> minimized genomes.","authors":"Hui Li, Li-Juan Guo, He-Xia Zhou, Chun-Yang Li, Jia-Lin Dai, Li-Zhu Shen, Rui Zhang, Feng-Hui Sun","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus <i>Streptomyces</i> provides a wealth of natural products with diverse structures, accounting for more than two-thirds of natural antibiotics. However, the original <i>Streptomyces</i> producers of desired natural products are technically challenging due to their harsh cultivation conditions, slow growth rate and intricate genetic backgrounds. Meanwhile, the metabolites of <i>Streptomyces</i> can also cause interference with the extraction of the target natural products. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop an ideal <i>Streptomyces</i> chassis with characterization of clean metabolic background, fluent genetic manipulation, and higher success rate of biosynthetic gene cluster expressions, which can largely increase yield and reduce production costs of natural products. In this review, we summarize the recent development of the chassis in <i>Streptomyces</i> and its important roles in the excavation and production of natural products, with focus on its potential for discovery and synthesis of natural products.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"756-767"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential value of anoikis transcriptional signatures in predicting prognosis and immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Fu-Rong Cheng, Wen-Yu Song, Peng-Bo Cao, Gang-Qiao Zhou","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Resistance to anoikis, a crucial factor in cancer cell survival, drives the development and progression of numerous malignancies. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant liver tumor characterized by high rates of recurrence and metastasis. However, the role of anoikis in HCC remains poorly understood. In this study, we identify 74 anoikis-related genes (ARGs) differentially expressed in HCC using the transcriptional data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then, we develop a prognostic model incorporating 9 of these genes through LASSO-Cox regression analysis, and confirm the model's independent prognostic significance for overall survival in HCC patients by using multivariable Cox proportional hazards analysis. Furthermore, we observe significant enrichment of activated proliferation-related pathways, increased infiltration of immunosuppressive cells and resistance to anti-PD-L1 therapy in the high-risk group defined by this model. These findings suggest that the ARG model may serve as a novel prognostic indicator for HCC patients and underscore the critical role of anoikis in HCC progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"768-785"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in microRNA promoting gene expression.","authors":"Xiao Zhang, Yan Yu, Yong Ning, Qi-Wen Hong, Huai-Ping Shi","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-374","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of endogenous, single-stranded, noncoding RNAs ranging from 20~24 nucleotides in length. Traditionally, miRNAs are considered to inhibit mRNA translation or promote mRNA degradation, thereby exerting a negative regulatory effect on gene expression by binding to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) in the cytoplasm. However, this framework cannot fully explain the observed positive roles of certain miRNAs in gene regulation. Recent studies have identified mechanisms such as enhancer- and promoter-mediated transcriptional activation, as well as UTR-mediated translational activation, as key processes underlying the positive regulation of gene expression by miRNAs. Additionally, the subcellular distribution of miRNAs and specific physiological conditions can influence their functions. In this review, we summarize the biological characteristics and functions of miRNAs, with the goal of providing insights for future research in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"729-741"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on rice mesocotyl elongation: germplasm mining, genetic mechanism and breeding prospect.","authors":"Hai-Bin Guo, Wei-Zhe Liu, Yao-Tao Bi, Hai-Tong Wang, Wen-Qin Miao, Rui-Han Shi, Xiang-Dong Liu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The elongation of the rice mesocotyl is a crucial determinant influencing seedling emergence and early vigor in dry-direct seeding rice, offering significant theoretical and practical implications for direct-seeding research. Mesocotyl elongation is a complex process that involves the regulation of genetic factors, plant hormones, signaling molecules, and environmental influences. These factors interact and jointly determine the elongation of the mesoderm. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the research of long mesocotyl rice germplasm resources mining, the mapped and cloned mesocotyl elongation genes/QTLs, and the genetic mechanism and influencing factors of rice mesocotyl growth. Finally, the application of long-mesocotyl rice germplasm and its associated issues are examined and predicted to establish a foundation for rice genetic breeding and production applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"742-755"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of <i>Brassica</i> plants as materials during the teaching of genetics experiment.","authors":"Zhan-Jie Li, Qi Jia, Ting-Ting Zheng, Wei Wang, Chong Zhang, Yuan Qin","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The <i>Brassica</i> genus includes three diploid species and three amphidiploid species which were formed by the hybridization and genome duplication between pairs of the three diploid species. The evolution process of <i>Brassica</i> species has been used as a classic case to explain the mechanism of speciation and chromosome number variation in undergraduate genetics teaching. In this study, the authors designed a comprehensive experiment using <i>Brassica</i> plants as the experimental teaching material of genetics. The experimental system includes morphological observation, chromosome observation, and analysis of chromosome ploidy and karyotype. This experimental system includes experiments from macro to micro, will help students to understand the relationship between chromosome ploidy and speciation, and will help them to master the theory of polyploid formation and its application in breeding practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"813-820"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and gene mapping of <i>hry1</i> mutant in rice.","authors":"Jia-Dan Chen, Tao Lin, Wan Wang, Cheng Jin, Jian-Ru Zuo, Jin-Qiang Nian","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The number of tillers, the number of grains per panicle and the weight of grains, which are interrelated, mutually restricted and mutually compensated. In addition, they mainly determine the grain yield per plant in rice; especially panicle number and grain number per panicle have a large negative correlation, so high yield can be obtained only in the case of coordinated development of all factors. Nevertheless, many of the modes that regulate rice grain number and grain size remain unexplained and require further study, owing to the complex regulatory modes within and among the pathways. In this study, two mutants of grain number have been identified in the background of KY131 (Kongyu131, an excellent <i>japonica</i> rice variety in Northeast of China) by EMS mutagens, named as <i>hry1-1</i> (<i>height, reduced tiller, yield 1-1</i>) and <i>hry1-2</i>. Compared with the wild type, the <i>hry1-1</i> and <i>hry1-2</i> mutants have excellent agronomic traits, including the plant height, yield per plant, panicle length, number of grains per spike, grain length, grain width and grain thickness, while significantly decreased the number of tillers. Genetic analysis showed that <i>hry1-1</i> and <i>hry1-2</i> were allelic mutants or the same mutant, and the mutation in a recessive nuclear gene caused their phenotypes. The results of MutMap analysis based on resequencing and map cloning showed that the <i>HRY1</i> was located in the 576 kb physical interval between M33 and M28 markers on chromosome 1 in rice. Cytological analysis of young panicle and glume epidermis in <i>hry1</i> mutants indicated that <i>hry1</i> mutant have higher cell division frequency and cell size during differentiation of young panicle. In addition, the <i>hry1</i> mutants have significantly higher the expression levels of cyclin-related genes <i>CycAs</i>, <i>CycBs</i>, <i>CycDs</i> and <i>CDKs</i> than wild type, suggesting that <i>HRY1</i> may be involved in panicle development and yield formation by regulating cell division in rice. In summary, <i>HRY1</i> gene plays an important role in the regulation of the differentiation and development of panicle, which will provide a new idea for molecular design breeding to improve high and stable yield in rice.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"797-812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of food preference behavior of <i>C. elegans to Acinetobacter calcoaceticus</i> based on transcriptomics.","authors":"Jiao-Jiao Liu, Xin-He Lu, Hong-Yan Yin, Hai-Long Zhou, Han-Zeng Li, Shun-Qing Xu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>C. elegans</i> is one of the most important model organisms in biological research, exhibiting distinct preferences for bacterial food sources in natural environments. <i>Acinetobacter calcoaceticus(Ac)</i> is a widely distributed Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in moist habitats. This study investigates the feeding preferences, pharyngeal pumping rates, body fat content, lifespan, and gene expression differences of <i>C. elegans</i> when fed different bacterial food sources. The results reveal that feeding on <i>Ac</i> induces lipid metabolism changes, leading to altered feeding preferences. Transcriptomic analysis was performed to compare the gene expression profiles of <i>C. elegans</i> fed on <i>Escherichia coli</i> OP50 and <i>Ac</i>, offers a novel perspective on the mechanisms underlying <i>C. elegans</i> microbe interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 7","pages":"786-796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144660562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epigenetic regulation of JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN genes contributes to heat tolerance in the heat-tolerant rice cultivar Nagina 22","authors":"Xiaoxuan Du,&nbsp;Yingnan Sun,&nbsp;Yonggang He,&nbsp;Haiya Cai,&nbsp;Xiangsong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00229-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00229-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extreme hot weather severely limits rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) production. Rice cultivars from regions with hot weather are a valuable resource for breeding heat-tolerant rice, but the mechanisms mediating heat tolerance in these cultivars are not fully understood. Here, we investigated heat-tolerance mechanisms in rice using the well-known heat-tolerant cultivar Nagina 22 (N22) and comparing it with the less heat-tolerant cultivar 93–11. Following heat shock (HS) treatment (45 °C for 3 or 24 h), the expression of <i>JASMONATE ZIM-DOMAIN</i> (<i>JAZ</i>) genes spiked during the early stages of HS responses in N22 but not 93–11 and genes related to jasmonic acid (JA) signaling were repressed in N22. Promoting JA signaling in N22 via pretreatment with methyl JA (MeJA) impaired the heat tolerance of N22, measured as survival after HS treatment of 45 °C for 30 h, followed by a 7-d recovery. Furthermore, the N22-specific activation of <i>JAZ</i> genes was associated with increased histone acetylation and decreased DNA methylation. Comparing N22 to 93–11, we propose that the DNA demethylation process, rather than the hypomethylation status per se, is likely associated with <i>JAZ</i> activation. In summary, we revealed epigenetic mechanisms that may contribute to the heat tolerance of N22 via the JA signaling pathway; our findings have implications for improving heat tolerance in rice and other crops.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 3","pages":"441 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-025-00229-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel proteomics workflow for simultaneous analysis of protein phosphorylation and S-nitrosylation","authors":"Wenyang Zhang,&nbsp;Yanjiao Wang,&nbsp;Wenyan Li,&nbsp;Shaowen Wu,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Chen,&nbsp;Mingyang Ye,&nbsp;Wenjie Huang,&nbsp;Alisdair R. Fernie,&nbsp;Shijuan Yan","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00227-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00227-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Protein post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and <i>S</i>-nitrosylation regulate protein functions and cellular programs in eukaryotes. Moreover, extensive evidence suggests crosstalk between these modifications. However, we lack a comprehensive method for the simultaneous detection and analysis of multiple post-translational modifications. Here, we present an optimized workflow that identifies phosphorylation and <i>S</i>-nitrosylation sites using a novel phosphate affinity tag switch technique. Validation with model proteins and complex biological samples confirmed the high sensitivity, coverage, and reproducibility of this method. Applying this method to <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> seedlings revealed 12,552 phosphorylation sites and 6,108 <i>S</i>-nitrosylation sites, representing the largest single-study dataset of <i>S</i>-nitrosylation sites to date. This approach enhances our understanding of post-translational modification dynamics in plant signaling, stress responses, and metabolism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 3","pages":"452 - 465"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-025-00227-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biological strategies in aquaculture disease management: Towards a sustainable blue revolution","authors":"Keng Chin Lim ,&nbsp;Fatimah Md Yusoff ,&nbsp;Fatin M.I. Natrah ,&nbsp;Mahanama De Zoysa ,&nbsp;Ina Salwany Md Yasin ,&nbsp;Jasmin Yaminudin ,&nbsp;Murni Karim","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the aquaculture industry has undergone monumental development worldwide, the ever-present threats of infectious diseases have become a constraining factor, imperiling its sustainability. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains a real menace to industrial aquaculture due to the careless adoption of preventive therapies (antimicrobial therapeutic drugs) to forestall disease outbreaks in aquatic food production. Suitable strategies, or at least supplementary measures, should therefore be developed to curb the emergence and widespread transmission of AMR. Vaccination represents one of the primary options to substantially mitigate the economic damages imposed by emerging infectious diseases on global aquaculture; nevertheless, the availability of commercial aquatic vaccines is usually limited, and many vaccines only confer minimal or poor protection against infections (during the early stages of animal development). Accordingly, a large body of research has been enthusiastically exploring alternate approaches for managing animal health challenges. These efforts have led to the establishment of various biocontrol strategies, such as the versatile use of high-value functional ingredients (e.g., probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, paraprobiotics, postbiotics, and phytogenics), phage therapy, and quorum-sensing interference (QSI), to promote the health and welfare of farmed aquatic species in a responsive or preventative manner. This review article addresses the state-of-the-art pertinent to biological control as an eco-friendly green approach for aquatic disease management, paving the route to a sustainable blue revolution. The potential biological mechanisms of these strategies are also described, along with the impediments to scientific progress and topics that merit further investigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 5","pages":"Pages 743-763"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}