农学最新文献

{"title":"Design and exploration of integrating bioinformatic analysis into comprehensive and exploratory epigenetic experiments.","authors":"Sai-Nan An, Huan-Chun Yang, Shan Jiang, Jing-Xuan Li, Gen-Fa Zhang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the most thoroughly studied epigenetic modification, DNA methylation-induced silencing of suppressor genes is closely related with the development of cancers. Bioinformatic analysis is an important research tool in the fields of life sciences, medicine, and so on. To introduce the application of bioinformatic analysis in cancer epigenetic research to students and to change the current situation that students usually passively perform experiments during the experimental teaching of genetics, we established a comprehensive and exploratory epigenetic experiment which was integrated with bioinformatic analysis. The implement of this experiment followed the principles of centering on students and cultivating scientific research capabilities. Students selected the genes that were potentially silenced by high DNA methylation in lung adenocarcinoma through bioinformatic analysis and literature review under the guidance of teachers and formulated experimental scheme by their own. They then conducted real-time PCR and methylation-specific PCR to explore whether DNA methylation caused the expression silencing of genes of interest and to identify the DNA methyltransferase responsible for the methylation of genes of interest. To comprehensively assess the capability of students, we designed diversified evaluation methods which intensify the assessment of experiment process. This experiment has the characteristics of interdisciplinarity, comprehensiveness, and inquiry, which can help to cultivate the scientific thinking and practical ability of students.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 5","pages":"600-608"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144053065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chocolate squid (Todarodes pacificus) bait reduces snow crab catch rates","authors":"T. Araya-Schmidt,&nbsp;P.D. Winger,&nbsp;G. Peck","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the performance of chocolate squid (<em>Todarodes pacificus</em>) bait as a lower-cost alternative to traditional squid bait in a snow crab (<em>Chionoecetes opilio</em>) fishery in Eastern Canada. The results showed that pots with chocolate squid bait had significantly lower catch rates compared to pots with traditional squid bait. The chocolate squid bait significantly reduced the number of crabs caught per pot by 13.99% and the weight of crabs caught per pot by 2.88 kg. Although the chocolate squid bait is cheaper, the decrease in catch rates could require increased effort to reach individual quotas, which could lead to longer or more frequent fishing trips and more traps being fished, increasing fuel consumption and habitat disruption, resulting in negative environmental impacts. Finding alternative lower-cost baits that maintain catch rates remains a key priority for reducing operational costs and minimizing environmental impacts in the snow crab fishery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 494-498"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139021150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histological observations and gene expression of the digestive system of the Chinses mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)","authors":"Zhiyong Zhang ,&nbsp;Hewei Jiang ,&nbsp;Yufei Liu ,&nbsp;Xugan Wu ,&nbsp;Xiaowu Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In order to elucidate the structural characteristics and gene expression of the tissues of the digestive system of adult <em>Eriocheir sinensis</em>, this study was conducted to systematically study the digestive system of <em>E</em>. <em>sinensis</em> using histological and transcriptomic techniques. The results showed that the digestive system of <em>E</em>. <em>sinensis</em> mainly consisted of the esophagus, stomach (including cardia stomach and pyloric stomach), midgut, intestinal bulb, hindgut and hepatopancreas. In the cardia stomach, calcification of the cuticle into cuticular ossicles, chitin tooth, ridge, bristles and other structures were observed at different sites, which together form the \"Gastric mill\" for grinding food. The pyloric stomach contains special comb-like structures and rows of pectinate bristles, which are important components of the gland filter for filtering and sifting food. The wall of the digestive tract of <em>E. sinensis</em> consists of four layers: the mucosal layer, the submucosal layer, the muscular layer and the outer membrane, of which the surface of the mucosal layer of the esophagus and hindgut has a well-developed cuticle with rows of setae, and the submucosal layer has special mucus glands (esophageal glands or hindgut glands); the surface of the mucosal layer of the midgut has no cuticle and has dense microvillus. The intestinal bulb has the morphological characteristics of the transition from midgut to hindgut. The hepatopancreas consists of many hepatic tubules, and four types of cells are often seen in the hepatic tubules, including absorptive cells (R cells), vesicular cells (B cells), fibroblasts (F cells), and embryonic cells (E cells). The transcriptome data of the digestive system of <em>E</em>. <em>sinensis</em> showed that Esophagus, Stomach, Midgut, Intestinal bulb, Hindgut and hepatopancreas expressed 13252, 13285, 13634, 11147, 13127, 12551 genes respectively; and they specifically expressed 1529, 549, 1199, 624,990, 1688 genes respectively. A total of 25 digestive enzyme genes were isolated from six tissues of the digestive system. Except for maltosidase-glucoamylase and phosphatase A2, which had small differences in expression in various tissues of the digestive system, all other digestive enzymes had the highest expression in the hepatopancreas. Digestive enzymes with high expression in the hepatopancreas are trypsin, pancreatic rennin, carboxypeptidase B, ɑ-amylase, and astacin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 411-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139193269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current updates on viral infections affecting tilapia","authors":"Christal Winona Clyde,&nbsp;Jin Ping Tan,&nbsp;Swee Keong Yeap,&nbsp;Chean Yeah Yong","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tilapia aquaculture is a commercially important and lucrative trade with global production predicted to increase in the future. Owing to the robust and disease-resistant nature of tilapia, tilapia aquaculture has expanded and intensified over the years. However, the intensification of tilapia aquaculture has led to the emergence of diseases, whereby viral diseases represent a prominent limiting factor to the growth of aquaculture. This review aims to discuss all viral infections in tilapia, with emphasis on the aetiology, occurrence, transmission, pathology, diagnostic methods, and control measures to mitigate outbreaks of viral diseases in aquaculture. To date, ten viral infectious diseases have been reported globally in various tilapia species reared in aquaculture or laboratory settings. To our knowledge, this review article represents the first instance of reviewing tilapia parvovirus (TiPV) infection in tilapia, in addition to tilapia larvae encephalitis virus (TLEV), infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), iridovirus-like agent, novel megalocytivirus, Bohle iridovirus (BIV), lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV), infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV), nervous necrosis virus (NNV), and tilapia lake virus (TiLV).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 355-371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141695085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of different Lyl1 transcripts in zebrafish primitive hematopoiesis.","authors":"Jie-Hao Lin, Tong-Shu Yang, Wen-Qing Zhang, Wei Liu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-288","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primitive hematopoiesis is a crucial process in the organism, responsible for the transportation of oxygen and nutrients during early embryonic stages and laying the foundation for the immune system. During primitive hematopoiesis, hematopoietic-related transcription factors and their cofactors interact to form a complex regulatory network that controls the process of primitive hematopoiesis. Among the bHLH transcription factor family, SCL and LYL1 are key factors in embryonic hematopoiesis. SCL is responsible for initiating primitive hematopoiesis, while LYL1, a paralog of SCL, compensates for the hematopoietic impact of SCL deficiency in adulthood. However, the role of LYL1 in primitive hematopoiesis remains unclear. This study, through analysis of zebrafish blood cell scRNA-seq data, discovered high expression of <i>CABZ01066694.1</i> in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells. Sequence alignment revealed it as a short transcript of the <i>lyl1</i> gene. Subsequently, using 5'RACE and sequencing, the study confirmed the existence of both long (<i>lyl1f</i>) and short (<i>lyl1s</i>) transcripts of <i>lyl1</i> in zebrafish and humans, similar to mice. Further analysis of scRNA-seq and RNA-seq data from public databases showed that in zebrafish primitive hematopoietic cells, <i>lyl1</i> primarily transcribes <i>lyl1s.</i> Finally, using Morpholino technology to knock down <i>lyl1f</i> and <i>lyl1s</i> separately, it was found that knocking down <i>lyl1s</i> hindered the production of primitive myeloid progenitors and primitive granulocytes, whereas knocking down <i>lyl1f</i> promoted the production of primitive macrophages. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the existence of long and short transcripts of <i>lyl1</i> in zebrafish and humans, with distinct roles in regulating primitive myelopoiesis, providing new insights into the regulation of primitive hematopoiesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 5","pages":"573-588"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic feasibility study for the expansion of the Cyprus aquaculture sector: A roadmap for transition to offshore in the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Marios Charalambides ,&nbsp;Michalis Menicou ,&nbsp;George Triantaphyllidis","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global demand for seafood is constantly increasing, driven by population growth and rising per capita consumption. While wild-capture fisheries are facing limitations in meeting this demand, the expansion of aquaculture emerges as the only solution. This paper investigates the potential for increasing the aquaculture production in the Republic of Cyprus by transitioning towards offshore aquaculture farms. The model developed provides a valuable roadmap for offshore transitions in Mediterranean near-coast areas. The study includes a detailed economic analysis coupled with sensitivity analysis to assess the feasibility of this transition considering various expansion scenarios. The results provide valuable insights into the viability and implications of this process, highlighting economic and operational issues.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 522-531"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139872976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing the growth and survival of tautog (Tautoga onitis) fed a diet of green crab (Carcinus maenas) or commercial pellets in a recirculating aquaculture system","authors":"Christopher B. Rillahan ,&nbsp;Michael T. Coute ,&nbsp;Daniel Ward ,&nbsp;Pingguo He","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tautog, a coastal marine wrasse, is a highly sought food fish in southern New England and the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States due to its firm white fillet. Tautog has been identified as a candidate species for marine aquaculture in the region. Unfortunately, previous grow out studies have documented slow growth, which is detrimental for aquaculture. However, these studies contrast with data from wild populations which indicate rapid growth in the first few years of life. It is theorized that these differences in growth could be due to available diets. In the wild, tautog primarily prey on mollusks and crustacean prey, while laboratory studies rely on commercial fishmeal-based diets. This study compared the growth and survival of juvenile tautog fed with chopped green crabs, commercial fish pellets and a hybrid diet consisting of both green crabs and pellets. Wild juvenile tautog were collected from local waters and cultivated in a recirculating aquaculture system for 250 days. Tautog fed the commercial pellet diet had a growth rate of 0.31 ± 0.11 mm/day, consistent with previous grow out studies. The average growth rate of tautog fed the green crab diet was 0.52 ± 0.13 mm/day, with a peak growth rate of 0.66 ± 0.07 mm/day. The hybrid diet was intermediate to the other treatments at an average growth rate of 0.46 ± 0.1 mm/day. Statistically significant differences were observed across treatment groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Survival was high in the green crab and hybrid treatments (96.7% ± 1.2% and 96.0% ± 2.0%, respectively), and lower in the pellet treatment (85.3% ± 9.5 %). Data from this study indicate that the growth potential of tautog is higher than previously documented in aquaculture studies. This study highlights the need for additional research to develop feed formulations for non-piscivorous marine carnivores.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 469-474"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140401064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lactic acid bacteria reduce the toxicity of tetrodotoxin through peptidoglycan mediated binding","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Jingqin Ye ,&nbsp;Chang'e Wang ,&nbsp;Hengliang Wang ,&nbsp;Ying Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.03.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin found in nature, the possible presence of TTX in pufferfish ovaries, liver, and other processing waste poses a serious environmental and safety hazard. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) was found to be able to remove a variety of harmful substances, however, its elimination action and mechanism on TTX is not clear. In this study, the removal effects of different states (activated, inactivated, and fragmented LABs) of three LAB strains on TTX amount and toxicity were tested and compared. It was found that thermal inactivated LABs had the best effect, which could reduce the TTX amount by 49.0%–60.33% and decrease the toxicity of TTX by 57.0%–83.67%. In addition, peptidoglycan (PG) of three strains of LABs was found to be a key component in the removal of TTX, which could decrease the toxicity of TTX by more than 87.0 %. By analyzing the changes of functional groups of PGs, zeta-potential and binding effect between PG and TTX before and after the masking of carboxyl or amino groups of PGs, it was found that the removal effect of PG to TTX was significantly decreased (&gt;55.0%) when the carboxyl or amino groups of PGs were masked. At the same time, the zeta-potential of PG combined with TTX was also decreased. These results suggested that the amino and carboxyl groups of PGs were important action sites for the binding interaction between LAB and TTX, and electrostatic interaction might be one of the ways of binding between PG and TTX. Our study could provide a scientific supporting on the removal action mechanism research of PG to TTX.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 421-428"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaesthetic profile of thymol and menthol in zebrafish larvae model","authors":"Raquel S.F. Vieira ,&nbsp;Diana Sousa ,&nbsp;Luís M. Félix ,&nbsp;Carlos A.S. Venâncio","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture procedures such as capturing, handling, and transporting fish can lead to stress in animals. For this reason, anaesthesia has been recommended to reduce fish stress during these procedures. Synthetic and natural anaesthetics such as tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222) and eugenol (monoterpene) are commonly used; however, biochemical changes and aversive effects have been reported. Other monoterpene compounds such as thymol and menthol, have shown potential anaesthetic effects in fish species. Thus, further investigation of its anaesthetic properties seems imperative, and the use of the zebrafish in the early stages of its development is an appropriate model due to its advantages. Therefore, the aimed to evaluate the anaesthetic profile of thymol and menthol in zebrafish at 72 hpf (hours post fertilisation). Following the determination of the effective anaesthetic concentration, three concentrations (100, 200 and 300 mg/L for thymol and 200, 400 and 500 mg/L for menthol) were further tested by focusing on mortality rate, heart rate, behaviour features of induction and oxidative effects in comparison to MS-222 and eugenol. Both monoterpenes caused anaesthetic effects in a concentration-dependent manner, with concentrations of 200 mg/L exhibiting a similar profile to MS-222 and eugenol, as evidenced by the increased recovery times.</div><div>Furthermore, anaesthesia with thymol and menthol caused post-anaesthesia motor pattern abnormalities, which supported some indicators of stress. Slight modifications in physiological parameters and antioxidant changes were observed, but their association with thymol and menthol anaesthesia is unclear. Although supporting its anaesthetic use, more extensive research will be required to fully understand the impact of these natural anaesthetics on fish behaviour and stress levels, ultimately leading to safer and more successful anaesthetic operations in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 401-410"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular cloning and expression characteristics of ghrl and ghsr genes in bighead carp (Hypophthalmichthys nobilis)","authors":"Pan Wang ,&nbsp;Jianjun Fu ,&nbsp;Mingkun Luo ,&nbsp;Xiulan Shi ,&nbsp;Wenbin Zhu ,&nbsp;Lanmei Wang ,&nbsp;Shichang Shu ,&nbsp;Zaijie Dong","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ghrelin (<em>ghrl</em>) and its receptor gene <em>ghsr</em> (growth hormone secretagogue receptor) regulate numerous physiological functions, including growth hormone secretion and food intake. In the present study, we investigated the sequences and expression characteristics of these two genes in bighead carp (<em>Hypophthalmichthys nobilis</em>). The <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> genes encoded 106 and 346 amino acids, respectively, and were 1208 bp and 2239 bp in length. Early blastocysts exhibited the highest levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression throughout early development (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). The gut exhibited the highest levels of <em>ghrl</em> expression, whereas significantly higher levels of <em>ghsr</em> (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) were detected in the brain. Significantly higher levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression were detected in the intestine and muscle in summer compared to the levels in winter (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the significantly higher levels of <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> expression were detected in the muscle of individuals with big size compared to the levels of individuals with small size (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). <em>In situ</em> hybridization analyses revealed that the intestine <em>ghrl</em> expression signals were more pronounced than intestinal <em>ghsr</em> expression signals, whereas the <em>ghsr</em> expression signals were more intense than those of <em>ghrl</em> in brain tissues. Finally, the co-expression patterns of related genes in the growth hormone synthesis, secretion, and action pathway (ko04935) and the cAMP signaling pathway (ko04024) indicated that <em>ghrl</em> and <em>ghsr</em> potentially regulate feeding and associated energy metabolism activities in bighead carp, in addition to influencing growth performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 392-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140279818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}