农学最新文献

{"title":"Cross-kingdom RNA interference-mediated silencing of SsStuA to control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in Brassica napus","authors":"Xijin Huang,&nbsp;Lili Liu,&nbsp;Yanlun Li,&nbsp;Xixi Wei,&nbsp;Shuxiang Mao,&nbsp;Rongkui Hui,&nbsp;Wenqing Tan,&nbsp;Lei Qin,&nbsp;Mingli Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sclerotinia stem rot, caused by the fungal pathogen <em>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</em>, inflicts substantial economic losses on rapeseed production. The lack of resistant germplasm has rendered disease management heavily reliant on chemical fungicides, and prolonged application of these fungicides often leads to the development of fungicide resistance. Consequently, there is an imperative need for novel antifungal strategies. In this study, we identified the virulence-associated factor <em>SsStuA</em> via mutagenesis screening. Host-induced gene silencing (HIGS) targeting <em>SsStuA</em> significantly enhanced the resistance of <em>Nicotiana benthamiana</em> to <em>S. sclerotiorum</em>. Furthermore, spray-induced gene silencing (SIGS) directed at <em>SsStuA</em> effectively suppressed infections caused by both <em>S. sclerotiorum</em> and <em>Botrytis cinerea</em> on rapeseed leaves. These findings demonstrate that <em>SsStuA</em> serves as a promising target for cross-kingdom RNA interference (RNAi)-based fungal control approaches, including HIGS and SIGS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 345-355"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simple and accurate quantification of diacylglycerols in vegetable oils by solid-phrase extraction chemical labelling coupled with UHPLC-MS/MS","authors":"Jianzhou Qi,&nbsp;Fengwei Yang,&nbsp;Jixiang Hou,&nbsp;Liangxiao Zhang,&nbsp;Li Yu,&nbsp;Fei Ma,&nbsp;Peiwu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, a simple, accurate and simultaneous determination of diacylglycerol (DAG) compounds in vegetable oils were proposed by solid-phrase extraction (SPE) coupled with chemical labelling-based UHPLC-MS/MS. The experimental conditions of SPE purification, chemical labelling and UHPLC-MS/MS were investigated. Under the optimized parameters, the limit of quantification ranged from 4 μg kg⁻¹ to 25 μg kg⁻¹, and the limit of detection ranged from 1 μg kg⁻¹ to 7 μg kg⁻¹. Acceptable recoveries of all analytes were obtained ranging from 67.4% to 106.1% with the intra-day and inter-day precisions less than 14.8%. The validation results indicated that nine 1,3-DAG compounds were found at the concentration ranging from trace level to relative high amount in four types of edible oils. The proposed method simultaneously analyzed 16 DAG compounds in complicated matrix and accurately profiled the content and distribution of functional components in vegetable oils.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 311-319"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous route planning method based on density grading for thinning of walnut male flowers","authors":"Pingyi Liu,&nbsp;Xu Zhang,&nbsp;Hengda Li,&nbsp;Jialin Zhang,&nbsp;Yizheng Wang,&nbsp;Jie Zhang,&nbsp;Haichao Li","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.03.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.03.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Walnut male catkins commonly appear in clusters and are irregularly distributed across the tree, which makes it difficult to generate a continuous path during mechanical thinning. To reduce energy consumption and simplify route planning, a method termed continuous route planning of extensive and efficient mechanical thinning for walnut male flower based on density grading (CRPE′-DG) is proposed via a sub-regional route-planning strategy along the main branches. This method incorporates and improves the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN), B-Spline fitting, and Makima interpolation algorithm to generate end-effector motion routes for the robotic arm. The performance of CRPE′-DG is evaluated in terms of dispersion degree, thinning rate, and route length. The Interquartile Range (<em>IQR</em>) of the dispersion of male flowers at high-density levels is consistently lower than that at low-density levels. On average, the dispersion degree is reduced by 57.5% and 31.9% compared with the 5th-order and 7th-order polynomial fitting algorithms, respectively. The average thinning rate using the CRPE′-DG method has been increased to 83.6%, which is 11.3% and 6.3% higher than the 5th-order and 7th-order algorithms. Meanwhile, the average route length is shortened by 15.3%, 18.0%, and 14.1% compared with the 5th-order, 7th-order, and traditional B-spline algorithms, respectively, with a maximum reduction of 28.0% in sample 1. These results demonstrate that CRPE′-DG can effectively improve thinning efficiency, generate more continuous routes, and reduce energy consumption, thereby supporting sustainable agricultural development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 466-478"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pan-genome identification and abiotic stress functional characterization of BnaMBD7 genes in Brassica napus","authors":"Xiaoxiao Hao,&nbsp;Chao Xing,&nbsp;Boyu Liu,&nbsp;Chengfang Tan,&nbsp;Ying Ruan,&nbsp;Yong Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Drought and salt stresses severely limit rapeseed yield and quality in China. This study elucidates the structural characteristics and biological functions of the <em>BnaMBD7</em> gene in <em>Brassica napus</em>, and explores plant tolerance to drought and salt stress. The physicochemical properties, gene structure, phylogeny, promoter cis-elements, protein interactions and collinearity of <em>BnaMBD7</em> pan-genes from eight rapeseed accessions were systematically analyzed via bioinformatics approaches. The stress-induced expression patterns of <em>BnaMBD7</em> were detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Under drought and salt stresses, <em>BnaMBD7</em>-overexpressing rapeseed lines exhibited longer roots than wild-type plants. Similarly, transgenic <em>Arabidopsis</em> overexpressing <em>BnaMBD7</em> had higher germination rates and longer roots than wild-type and knockout lines. Taken together, <em>BnaMBD7</em> positively regulates drought and salt tolerance in rapeseed, acting as a key functional gene for stress resistance in <em>B</em>. <em>napus</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 250-264"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149006627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nitrogen and potassium co-application sustain soil inorganic nitrogen by reshaping microbial communities and predicted nitrogen-cycling functional genes during rapeseed growth","authors":"Yi Song,&nbsp;Hehe Gu,&nbsp;Xin Cui,&nbsp;Yangyang Zhang,&nbsp;Rihuan Cong,&nbsp;Zhifeng Lu,&nbsp;Xiaokun Li,&nbsp;Tao Ren,&nbsp;Jianwei Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The synergistic effects of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) fertilizers on soil biological characteristics remain poorly understood. To address this, a six-year continuous field experiment with rapeseed was conducted, incorporating four N and K application treatments: no N and K (CK), N alone (N), K alone (K), and combined N and K (NK). Soil samples collected at three key growth stages of rapeseed were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. Results showed that compared to N treatment, the NK combination significantly increased soil inorganic N content during the overwintering stage (at 65 days after planting) by 103.1%. This increase was closely associated with shifts in soil bacterial community structure, changes in the predicted abundance of nitrogen-cycling functional genes, and the restoration of bacterial co-occurrence networks. While N application alone strongly altered the soil microbial community and elevated the predicted abundance of nitrification and denitrification genes, K application alone had no significant effect. In contrast, the combined application of N and K not only reduced the predicted abundance of these N-loss-related genes but also enhanced bacterial network modularity, effectively mitigating the negative effects of N-only fertilization. These findings highlight the importance of balanced nutrient management in maintaining the functional stability of soil microbial ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 301-310"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149144042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and lipidomic analysis reveal molecular mechanisms in the biosynthesis of nervonic acid in engineered Brassica napus seeds","authors":"Xiaoyue Liu,&nbsp;Pandi Wang,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Xiong,&nbsp;Gang Wu,&nbsp;Fang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nervonic acid (NA) is a very long-chain monounsaturated fatty acid with significant medicinal value, but its further development and application are limited by resource scarcity. In our previous studies, metabolic engineering of <em>Brassica napus</em> (<em>B. napus</em>) using multi-gene vectors (Napin-3 and Napin-5) successfully achieved high levels of NA production, with transgenic lines accumulating NA up to 45% of total fatty acids. This study utilizes integrated transcriptomics and lipidomics at 20 and 40 days after flowering (DAF) to elucidate the molecular basis of NA accumulation in transgenic <em>B. napus</em> seeds expressing the <em>CgKCS</em> gene. Integrated transcriptomic and lipidomic analyses revealed that NA biosynthesis predominantly occurs during late seed development and is sequestered into triacylglycerol (TGs), contributing to the increased TG (24:1_18:2_18:3). Transcriptomic analysis identified numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with lipid metabolism and seed development. Notably, the expression of several endogenous genes involved in fatty acid elongation and glycerolipid biosynthesis was significantly altered in transgenic seeds. In particular, endogenous <em>KCS6</em> and <em>KCS19</em>, which are associated with very-long-chain fatty acid elongation, were downregulated, whereas <em>GPAT6</em> and <em>LPAAT1</em>, key enzymes in glycerolipid assembly, were upregulated. Our findings demonstrate that high-level NA production in <em>B. napus</em> is sustained not only by heterologous gene activity but also by the coordinated response of endogenous acyltransferases and the suppression of competing elongation pathways. These results provide new mechanistic insights into the metabolic plasticity of oilseed crops and identify key genetic targets for further optimizing the production of rare fatty acids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 369-385"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning for asymptomatic Ratoon stunting disease detection with freely available satellite based multispectral imaging","authors":"Ethan Kane Waters,&nbsp;Carla Chia-Ming Chen,&nbsp;Mostafa Rahimi Azghadi","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Disease detection in sugarcane, particularly the identification of asymptomatic infectious diseases such as Ratoon Stunting Disease (RSD), is critical for effective crop management. This study employed various machine learning techniques to detect the presence of RSD in different sugarcane varieties, using vegetation indices derived from freely available satellite-based spectral data. Our results show that the Support Vector Machine with a Radial Basis Function Kernel (SVM-RBF) was the most effective algorithm, achieving classification accuracy between 85.64% and 96.55%, depending on the variety. Gradient Boosting and Random Forest also demonstrated high performance achieving accuracy between 83.33% to 96.55%, while Logistic Regression and Quadratic Discriminant Analysis showed variable results across different varieties. The inclusion of sugarcane variety and vegetation indices was important in the detection of RSD. This agreed with what was identified in the current literature. Our study highlights the potential of satellite-based remote sensing as a cost-effective and efficient method for large-scale sugarcane disease detection alternative to traditional manual laboratory testing methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 383-395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hyperspectral and RGB crop pests/diseases image fusion method based on SADAE-GAN with combined perceptual gradient loss","authors":"Min Dai,&nbsp;Youzhi Dai,&nbsp;Wenjing Sun,&nbsp;Xin Ji,&nbsp;Hong Miao,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Gao,&nbsp;Xinhua Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate monitoring of crop pests and diseases is essential due to their diversity, widespread impact, and increasing severity. However, RGB images lack spectral richness, and hyperspectral images suffer from resolution loss caused by long exposure times. Existing fusion methods often lose important features, reducing the accuracy and practicality of pest and disease monitoring. To address these issues, this paper proposes a SADAE-GAN model, which combines Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks (DCGAN), Self-Attention (SA), and Denoising Auto-Encoders (DAE) techniques. The model enhances both local and global feature extraction through a primary processing module and DAE in the generator, while the discriminator uses an SA attention mechanism to improve image reconstruction quality. Additionally, a novel perceptual gradient loss function and an Autoencoder and Continuous Wavelet Transform (Auto-CWT) image transformation method are introduced to optimize image generation and monitoring performance. Experimental results across multiple datasets demonstrate that the proposed SADAE-GAN outperforms existing popular fusion methods like CycleGAN, ResNet, SSRNET, InfoGAN, and QIS-GAN. For evaluation metrics <em>SSIM</em>, <em>PSNR</em>, <em>MSE</em>, and <em>IS</em>, the maximum performance improvement reached 20.7 %, 68.2 %, 39.7 %, and 33.0 %, respectively. In addition, ablation studies confirm the effectiveness of the proposed model, and robustness tests further reveal the model’s strong practical applicability. These results demonstrate that SADAE-GAN excels in fusion quality, robust feature preservation, and strong generalization capability, providing a promising and efficient solution for precise agricultural pest and disease monitoring.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 343-357"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on the structural and functional properties of rapeseed protein","authors":"Bingyan Jiang,&nbsp;Changsheng Liu,&nbsp;Fangyan Long,&nbsp;Mandi Zhao,&nbsp;Chang Zheng,&nbsp;Ying Huang,&nbsp;Weijun Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rapeseed meal has abundant proteins within well-proportioned amino acid composition, together with good functional properties, thus indicating it has notable nutritional value and application potential. However, its application is mostly limited into animal feed and fertilizer, which has not been fully developed as a high-quality plant protein resource. Since China faces increasingly pressure on plant protein supply, the effective utilization of rapeseed meal protein has become an important research field for improving the quantity of high-quality plant-based protein. This review makes a comprehensive investigation into the structural and functional characteristics of rapeseed protein (RP⁾, especially focusing on the main processing factors that affect RP quality. Therefore, this review aims to provide a theoretical basis and direction reference for promoting the value-added utilization of RP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 289-300"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149143910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of sequencing depth and DP filtering on genotyping accuracy of SNP based on next-generation sequencing.","authors":"Jin-Kun Yan, Wen-Chuan Zhou, Hua-Ming Xue, Yuan Xia, Liang Xu, Zhe-Peng Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.26-069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.26-069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is the primary method for SNP genotyping in a large-scale population. However, it still faces a challenge to balance the paradox between SNP genotyping accuracy and sequencing cost in populations characterized by high heterozygosity and low genomic linkage disequilibrium. Although sequencing depth and depth of coverage (DP) are critical parameters influencing SNP genotyping accuracy, comprehensive investigation on genotyping consistency of SNP among different sequencing depths and impact of DP on SNP genotyping accuracy of low-depth sequencing is of absence. In this study, we utilized Lueyang Black-boned chickens (<i>n</i>=11) to evaluate genotyping consistency of SNP at 5× and 10× sequencing depths via two strategies: (1) comparison of SNP genotyping results between 5× and 10×; (2) comparison of genotyping accuracies of 5× and 10× by employing Sanger-genotyping results of 162 SNP at the <i>SLCO1B3</i> locus as the criteria. Furthermore, we investigated the effect of DP filtering on genotyping consistency between 5× and 10× by increasing DP from 0 to 5. We studied the association of genotyping results of NGS with GC contents and repeat sequences for each chromosome. The results show that the ratio of genotyping consistency is 78.07% between 5× and 10×. The ratio is 78.40% between 5× and Sanger sequencing, and increased to 87.17% for 10×. Almost all (99.18%) of inconsistent results happen in heterozygotes, of which 5×AB-10×AA/BB is mainly present in 14 microchromosomes with lengths less than 10 Mb. The 5×AB-10×AA/BB subset of inconsistent results is significantly associated with repeat sequences and GC contents. The ratio of consistent loci increases from 78.07% to 87.33% with the increasing of DP from 0 to 5. However, calling rates of SNP dramatically reduces from 100% to 35.07%. The ratio of missing loci decreases from 13.16% to 4.08%. DP filtering has no significant effect on the ratio of inconsistent loci. The results indicate that challenge of the NGS-based SNP genotyping approach focuses on genotyping of heterozygotes. Sequencing depth and sequence features of chromosomes affect genotyping accuracy. To physically increase sequencing depth improves the genotyping accuracy of SNP, whereas to algorithmically raise DP has a negligible effect. Increasing DP can significantly improve the genotyping consistency between low- and high-depth sequencing. The improving effect quickly decays with the increasing of DP, whereas calling rates of SNP dramatically reduce.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 8","pages":"817-827"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148798853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}