农学最新文献

{"title":"Speciation studies in the genomic era.","authors":"Ze-Fu Wang, Jian-Quan Liu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since Darwin's era, speciation has been one of the most central issues in evolutionary biology studies. Understanding the processes of species origin is crucial in deepening our understanding of the formation of species biodiversity, which is essential for their protections. However, speciation research has been challenging due to the rather complex evolutionary histories of many extant species. In recent years, with the continuous advancements in genomic sequencing techniques, significant advances have been achieved in the field of speciation researches. In this review, we overview speciation study advances, especially in the concepts and latest developments in research methods for studying speciation in the genomic era, encompassing the major research aspects: species delimitation, bifurcating speciation, hybrid speciation, polyploid speciation, reproductive isolation genes and speciation genes. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of these studies and methods. Finally, we provide the outlook on the future challenges and directions in speciation researches.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 1","pages":"71-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioeconomic analysis of the commercial production of Nile tilapia with biofloc and green water technologies","authors":"Berenice Suárez-Puerto ,&nbsp;Marcelo Araneda ,&nbsp;Mariel Gullian-Klanian","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a bioeconomic model after analyzing the commercial profitability of Nile tilapia under biofloc (BFT) and green water (GWT) technologies. Environmental stochasticity was evaluated using the parameters obtained in Yucatan's rainy (RN) and dry (DR) seasons. The productive impact was measured by analyzing the 10-year cash flow. Both systems demonstrated profitability with a positive NPV and 450 g harvest weight in the short term. The unit cost of production results for the GWT was lower than for the BFT. The long-term simulation involved an investment of $410,279 USD for 30 tanks, resulting in a positive return for GWT. BFT showed negative long-term profitability at the current selling price ($2.36 USD/kg). Profitability improved as the sales price increased by 11% and 22% for RN-BFT and DR-BFT, respectively. This bioeconomic model is pioneering in tilapia production in BFT and GWT and provides valuable data to achieve better yield and profitability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 149-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79469833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stock status of kawakawa Euthynnus affinis (Cantor, 1849) fishery using surplus production model: An assessment from coastal waters of Tamil Nadu, Bay of Bengal, Southeast coast of India","authors":"Rajendran Abinaya,&nbsp;Moosambikandy K. Sajeevan","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.06.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.06.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Kawakawa <em>Euthynnus affinis</em> (Cantor, 1849) is one of the commercially exploited tuna fishery resource of India. Except landing data, no other information was available on its stock status. Hence, present study investigated the sustainability status of kawakawa fishery from Tamil Nadu, India. Data on annual catch and effort were reconstructed for the period of 2001–2020. The Catch-based MSY (CMSY), the Bayesian state-space Schaefer surplus production Model (BSM), and stochastic Surplus Production model in Continuous Time (SPiCT) packages were used to investigate the stock exploitation by running surplus production models with catch, catch per unit effort (CPUE), and other life history data. The biological reference points result of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) or biomass giving MSY (<em>B</em>_msy) and fishing mortality giving MSY (<em>F</em>_msy) of all the models indicated that the kawakawa stock in Tamil Nadu was subjected to overfishing and heading towards overfished status in recent decades. Results of the present study suggest reduction of fishing effort to keep the landing at MSY level and achieve a sustainable fishery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 132-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79528423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prebiotic emergent sources for aquaculture: Microalgae and insects","authors":"Mónica Vanessa Oviedo-Olvera ,&nbsp;Ana Angélica Feregrino-Pérez ,&nbsp;María Isabel Nieto-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Marta Montserrat Tovar-Ramírez ,&nbsp;Humberto Aguirre-Becerra ,&nbsp;Juan Fernando García-Trejo","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.06.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.06.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accelerated growth of aquaculture has encouraged the search for new techniques and inputs to increase the yield of various aquaculture species, considering the health and welfare of the organisms. Functional food development for fish nourishment includes ingredients containing bioactive compounds, such as prebiotics, that generate favorable immune responses. Non-digestible oligosaccharides function as growth promoters of the intestinal microbiota, improving nutrient absorption and enhancing the fish immune system. Therefore, the inclusion of new prebiotic-rich ingredients in the feed of aquatic organisms has generated interest. This article reviews the use of microalgae and insects as functional ingredients which provide quality macronutrients and contain different bioactive compounds that have been reported to have immunostimulatory effects. Their chemical composition is described, and their potential use as prebiotics for developing functional food for aquaculture is discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 19-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84240100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A new crustin-like gene from the redclaw crayfish Cherax quadricarinatus and its response to decapod iridescent virus 1 (DIV1) challenge","authors":"Xiaoying Hang,&nbsp;Jianbo Zheng,&nbsp;Fei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Crustin, a widely-studied antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), has been proven to be involved in mediating innate immune responses against intruding pathogens. In this study, a novel <em>crustin</em>-like gene, <em>Cqcarc1</em>, was characterized from the redclaw crayfish <em>Cherax quadricarinatus.</em> The full-length cDNA sequence was 488 bp, and the open reading frame encoded 101 amino acids with a signal peptide in the N-terminus and a conserved WAP domain in the C-terminus. Similar to the <em>Crustin2</em> gene (<em>CqCrs</em>) in <em>C. quadricarinatus</em>, the highest expression level of <em>Cqcarc1</em> was also detected in the hemocyte organ. Moreover, RNAi-mediated gene silencing of <em>Cqcarc1</em> could increase the DIV1 copy number compared with the control group, suggesting its involvement in the immune defense against the DIV1 challenge. Furthermore, RNA interference analysis also showed that <em>Cqcarc1</em> plays positive regulatory roles in the expressions of <em>CqToll</em> and <em>CqCrs</em> during DIV infection. In summary, the current findings suggested the Toll-crustin signal pathway as a potential target for improving immunity from the DIV1 challenge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75637870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of new varieties adoption behavior of Chinese turbot farmer based on the perspective of heterogeneity","authors":"Qilei Ding ,&nbsp;Zhengyong Yang ,&nbsp;Renjie Xu ,&nbsp;Yifei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China is the largest turbot farming in the world, where germplasm source security is closely related to national security. To further promote the sustainable development of the turbot aquaculture industry, the China Marine Fish Industry Technology System team has developed a new variety of fast-growing turbot (hereinafter referred to as new varieties) in 2012. However, the promotion effect of new varieties has not reached the expectation, requiring research on the adoption behavior analysis of new varieties. Based on 272 turbot farmers, this study conducts theoretical analysis of framework of new varieties adoption, uses the binary Logit regression model to analyze the determinants of new varieties adoption behavior based on the perspective of heterogeneity. Heterogeneity means that farmers have certain differences, including differences in age, farming scale and enterprise form. Findings indicated that the adoption behavior of new varieties was affected by farming scale, education level, farming years, risk preference, channels of obtaining information, training effect, and government incentives. The adoption behavior of new varieties is group heterogeneity. The causes of low adoption rate of new varieties are farmer's lower risk preference, lower benefit of communication and limited government incentives. The results indicated that new varieties are more likely to be adopted in enterprises, young adult, and large-scale farmers groups. Policy implications from this research included strengthen government incentives for the promotion of new varieties, constructing the systematic and long-term training system and constructing the farmers-centered promotion system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 163-170"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85465819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The migration and evolutionary mechanisms of northern Asian populations from the perspective of ancient genomics.","authors":"Da-Xuan Zhang, Shen-Ru Dai, Yin-Qiu Cui","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The northern part of Asia, including Siberia, the Mongolian Plateau, and northern China, is not only a crossroads for population exchange on the Eurasian continent but also an important bridge connecting the American continent. This region holds a unique and irreplaceable significance in exploring the origins of humanity, tracking human migration routes, and elucidating evolutionary mechanisms. Despite the limited number of samples unearthed, varying preservation conditions, and constraints of technical means, our understanding of the interactions among populations in northern Asia is still in its infancy. However, the development of high-throughput sequencing technology and its advancement in ancient DNA research have provided us with a new perspective for delving into the genetic history of ancient populations from a molecular level. In this review, we synthesize the changes in the genetic structure of ancient populations in different stages of northern Asia, aiming to reveal the patterns of interaction among ancient populations in this region, the evolutionary process of their genetic structure, and their genetic contributions to modern populations. It will also discuss the adaptive strategies of humans in response to extreme natural conditions. This will not only deepen our understanding of the origins and migration processes of humanity but also provide a solid foundation for studying the evolutionary mechanisms and adaptive strategies of humans under environmental selective pressures.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 1","pages":"34-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and behavioral studies reveal that glutamate receptors are involved in depressive-like behavior in adult olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus","authors":"Liangfang Liu ,&nbsp;Tangsong Feng ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Shi ,&nbsp;Huafeng Zou ,&nbsp;Weiqun Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Olive flounder (<em>Paralichthys olivaceus</em>), a marine demersal flatfish species, exhibits obvious timid and depressive-like characteristics. Adult olive flounder bury themselves in the sand and present motionless behavior. However, the detail mechanism of regulating the motionless behavior is not fully understood. In this study, using adult group (AG) and juvenile group (JG) flounder as a model, we compared the locomotor activity of AG and JG flounder, and analyzed the transcriptomic expression profiles in the spinal cord by RNA-seq methods. The behavioral experiment showed that AG flounder displayed lower locomotor activity. Transcriptome analysis found a total of 1711 significantly differential expressed genes (DEGs), among which 818 genes were up-regulated and 893 genes were down-regulated in AG flounder compared with JG flounder. Specifically, locomotor behavior related genes (<em>parvalbumin</em>, <em>urotensin II</em> and <em>creatine kinase</em>) were down-regulated. Meanwhile glial fibrillary acidic protein, the biomarkers of astroglial pathology, and glutamatergic synaptic genes were significantly up-regulated in AG flounder. In addition, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that DEGs enriched in peptide biosynthetic process, translation procession were down-regulated in the AG flounder. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that ribosome, oxidative phosphorylation and glutamatergic synapse pathway were over-represented. After treatment with antagonist of glutamate receptor LY341495, flounder more often swam out of the sand and displayed significantly more off-bottom swimming behavior, suggesting the anti-depressive effect of LY341495. Taken together, in combination with behavioral tests and transcriptomic analyses, we conclude that the glutamate receptor in spinal cord plays an important role in timid and depressive-like behavior in flounder.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 115-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90673099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ancient DNA elucidates the migration and evolutionary history of northern and southern populations in East Asia.","authors":"Wan-Jing Ping, Jia-Yang Xue, Qiao-Mei Fu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over the past decade, the continuous development of ancient genomic technology and research has significantly advanced our understanding of human history. Since 2017, large-scale studies of ancient human genomes in East Asia, particularly in China, have emerged, resulting in a wealth of ancient genomic data from various time periods and locations, which has provided new insights into the genetic history of East Asian populations over tens of thousands of years. Especially since 2022, there emerged a series of new research progresses in the genetic histories of the northern and southern Chinese populations within the past 10,000 years. However, there is currently no systematic review focused on these recent ancient genomic studies in East Asia. Therefore, this article emphasizes the study of ancient human genomes in China and systematically reviews the genetic patterns and migration history of populations in East Asia since the Late Paleolithic. Existing research indicates that by at least 19,000 years ago, there was a north-south differentiation among ancient East Asian populations, leading to different genetic lineages divided by the Qinling-Huaihe line. Gene flow and interactions between northern and southern East Asians began in the Early Neolithic and were further strengthened from the Mid-Neolithic. By the historical period, northern East Asian ancestry played a profound role in the genetic components of southern populations, shaping the genetic structure of present-day Chinese populations. Throughout this process, ancient populations in northern and southern China also engaged in extensive interactions through coastal and inland routes with populations from surrounding regions, including Siberia, Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, and Pacific islands, playing a crucial role in the formation of different linguistic groups. These studies have charted the evolutionary and interaction history of East Asian populations over tens of thousands of years; yet, many unresolved mysteries remain. Further exploration is needed through ancient genomic data from additional time periods and broader geographic areas to facilitate a more comprehensive and detailed investigation, thereby advancing related scientific questions.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 1","pages":"18-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on animal speciation studies.","authors":"Hong Wu, Yu-Xing Zhang, Li Yu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Speciation research represents our thinking and exploration about how new species are generated and maintained, and it is one of the most important parts of evolutionary biology. Revealing new species formation modes, processes of reproductive isolation establishment and their intrinsic genetic mechanisms, are not only important issues and primary tasks in the field of speciation, but also the key clues for our understandings about the species diversity in nature. Here, by focusing on animal groups, we first introduced different definitions of species concept, and then summarized present research progress and important breakthroughs made in the speciation modes and molecular mechanism of reproductive isolation. We also pointed out some limitations in current studies. Finally, we discuss the potential opportunities and new breakthroughs that can be made in the future studies of animal speciation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 1","pages":"58-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}