农学最新文献

{"title":"A nonlinear multi-omics data integration and classification model based on pathway self-attention and graph convolutional networks.","authors":"Qiao-Sheng Zhang, Jun-Jie Xu, Zhen-Yu Sun, Zhao-Man Zhong, Jie Liu, Yan-Li Wu, Wan-Qin Li, Meng-Jie Hu, Hong-Peng Li","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-275","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The abundance of omics data has significantly advanced the development of multi-omics data integration techniques. Non-linear embedding approaches for data integration have gradually become the mainstream in multi-omics research, as these approaches can substantially improve cancer analysis by enhancing the quality of the embeddings. However, current multi-omics data integration methods are typically confined to omics measurements, neglecting domain-specific prior knowledge encompassing biological pathways. In this study, we proposed a multi-omics integrated classification model, PathTransGCN, based on pathway self-attention and graph convolutional networks (GCN). The model integrated biological pathway information into multi-omics data analysis with the aim of enhancing the accuracy of cancer classification. Multi-omics data for breast cancer (BRCA), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and low-grade glioma (LGG) were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and UCSC Xena databases. These data included gene mutations, DNA methylation, copy number variations, and gene expression, and were used to assess the model's generalizability across different cancers. First, PathTransGCN employed a pathway self-attention module to learn latent representations of samples across different pathways, thereby obtaining multi-omics integration vectors. Concurrently, a patient similarity network (PSN) was constructed using the similarity network fusion (SNF) approach. Second, the integrated vectors and the PSN were jointly fed into a GCN for end-to-end training, enabling precise classification of cancer subtypes. Through multi-omics data analysis of the BRCA dataset, PathTransGCN outperformed several popular algorithms (such as MoGCN and DeePathNet) in the five-class classification of cancer subtypes, achieving an accuracy rate of 87.6% and an F1 score of 86.4%. Moreover, the model demonstrated robust generalization capabilities across both NSCLC and LGG datasets, while effectively identifying key disease-associated biomarkers at the pathway level. Experimental results demonstrate that PathTransGCN exhibits outstanding performance in integrating omics data and delivering interpretable classification outcomes, presenting significant potential for clinical applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"931-945"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of YUCCA family genes responsive to exogenous hormones and abiotic stress in peanut","authors":"Chuheng Li,&nbsp;Songyuan Li,&nbsp;Jiabao Wang,&nbsp;Liguo Guo,&nbsp;Guanglei Tang,&nbsp;Yuewei Quan,&nbsp;Charles Y. Chen,&nbsp;Xinlei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The YUC family encodes rate-limiting enzymes for tryptophan-dependent auxin biosynthesis, yet its genomic organization and regulatory landscape in peanut—a major oilseed crop with complex polyploid genome—remain largely unexplored. Here, we address this gap by systematically identifying 89 <em>YUC</em> genes across diploid and tetraploid <em>Arachis</em> genomes and dissecting their evolutionary dynamics and expression plasticity. Phylogenetic reconstruction reveals five conserved clades, while synteny analysis demonstrates that segmental duplications, followed by strong purifying selection, drove the family expansion, implying functional constraints. Promoter <em>cis</em>-element profiling associates these genes with hormonal, stress, and light signals, suggesting their integration into multiple environmental cues. Leveraging transcriptome atlas across 34 tissues, we uncover spatiotemporally diversified expression, with specific members showing stress- and hormone-responsive patterns. Notably, qRT-PCR validation under PEG, NaCl, abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA₃), and 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) identifies <em>AhYUC18</em> and <em>AhYUC29</em> as two consistently responsive candidates across genotypes, pointing to their potential as nodal regulators in balancing growth and stress survival. Collectively, this study establishes a comprehensive evolutionary and regulatory framework for the peanut YUC family, and provides prioritized gene targets for functional dissection and breeding toward improved stress resilience without compromising yield.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 237-249"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148974524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application efficacy evaluation of the STRSeqTyper122 kit and the FASTASeq 300 second generation sequencer in kinship identification.","authors":"Zhi Chen, Yao-Sen Feng, Hui Xu, Qing-Zhen Meng, Chi Zhang, Ke-Lai Kang, Shi-Yu Tong, Zhe Zhang, Jian Ye, Le Wang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Forensic DNA technology is the method of choice for kinship identification. However, existing standard methods still have certain limitations in accurately determining the range of kinship relationships. China's independently developed second generation sequencing technology and equipment are expected to enhance the capability of forensic DNA kinship identification. In this study, we utilized the STRSeqTyper122 second generation sequencing STR typing kit and the FASTASeq 300 second generation sequencer to analyze 107 real kinship samples. The analysis included 63 autosomal STR loci, 42 Y-STR loci, 16 X-STR loci, and one gender-determining locus, Amel. The samples covered various kinship relationships, including 113 parent-child pairs, 48 full-sibling pairs, 76 uncle-nephew pairs, 66 grandparent-grandchild pairs, and 4 half-sibling pairs. Combined with simulated data, the ITO method was applied to calculate the cumulative likelihood ratio (CLR) for different levels of kinship based on the length polymorphism and sequence polymorphism of autosomal STR loci, systematically evaluating the practical application performance of this system in kinship identification. The results showed that, using log₁₀CLR values of 4 and -4 as thresholds, the system achieved 100% efficiency in identifying real parent-child and full-sibling relationships. For second degree kinship identification, the system efficiency based on simulated length polymorphism data was 55.2%, while sequence polymorphism improved it to 75.11%. For real sample data, length polymorphism based efficiency was 54.45%, and sequence polymorphism based efficiency reached 76.71%. The findings indicate that the STRSeqTyper122 kit holds significant value in first degree kinship identification. Sequence polymorphism can improve second degree kinship identification efficiency to over 75%.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"878-891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and cold-stress-responsive expression analysis of the NOX gene family in <i>Cucumis melo</i>.","authors":"Xu-Dong Qian, Yu-Lu Zhong, Shu-Hui Zheng, Jia-Ning Lü, Su-Shuang Liu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.26-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.26-113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>NADPH oxidases (NOXs) are crucial enzymes for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in plants and play vital roles in growth, development, and stress responses. To elucidate the sequence characteristics of the NOX gene family and its low-temperature response patterns in melon (<i>Cucumis melo</i> L.), this study conducted genome-wide identification and expression profiling of NOX family members using bioinformatics analysis, RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing, and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The results revealed that eight NOX members were identified in the melon genome, distributed across six chromosomes. All members harbored conserved domains including Ferric_reductase, FAD_binding_8, NAD_binding_6, and NADPH_Ox, and the encoded proteins were generally basic and hydrophilic. Phylogenetic analysis classified the NOX proteins into five subgroups. Synteny analysis indicated the presence of only one pair of intraspecific duplicated genes in melon, which was under purifying selection. The promoter regions contained multiple hormone- and stress-responsive <i>cis</i>-acting elements, with <i>CmNOX2</i> and <i>CmNOX4</i> harboring low-temperature responsive elements. Following treatment at 4℃ for 24 h and 48 h, leaf relative electrolyte leakage (REL) increased from 28.33% to 42.67% and 52.67%, respectively; transcriptome analysis identified 5,633 and 6,882 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Cold-responsive genes exhibited significant differential expression, with <i>SLAC1</i> and <i>CPK19</i> showing sustained upregulation. RT-qPCR results demonstrated that the expression of <i>CmNOX2</i>, <i>CmNOX5</i>, <i>CmNOX6</i>, and <i>CmNOX7</i> was significantly downregulated after low-temperature treatment, whereas <i>CmNOX4</i> expression was significantly upregulated at 48 h. Integrating promoter elements and expression characteristics, <i>CmNOX4</i> may represent an important candidate gene involved in melon low-temperature response. This study systematically characterized the structure, evolution, and expression patterns of the melon NOX gene family, identified candidate genes responsive to low temperature, and provides a reference for further investigation into the mechanisms underlying melon cold adaptation.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"904-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular and genetic basis of response and adaptation to abiotic stresses in rapeseed","authors":"Ruolin Gong,&nbsp;Keqi Li,&nbsp;Guangze Li,&nbsp;Lu Qiao,&nbsp;Danni Li,&nbsp;Yunfei Zhang,&nbsp;Chengyu Yu,&nbsp;Jungang Dong,&nbsp;Zhen Huang,&nbsp;Jihong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global climate change aggravates the irreversible damage of abiotic stresses on crop growth and development, leading to substantial yield losses. As a major global source of edible vegetable oil, rapeseed is profoundly impacted by various abiotic stresses, including drought, salt, waterlogging, heat and cold, which result in reduction of productivity. In recent years, the integration of genetic and molecular biological approaches with multi-omics technologies has enabled preliminary advances in uncovering key genes and elucidating the regulatory mechanisms involved in adaptation to environmental stresses in rapeseed. Herein, we systematically summarize the molecular mechanisms and gene regulatory networks governing the responses to diverse abiotic stresses in rapeseed. Consequently, we discuss effective molecular breeding strategies for climate-resilient crop improvement and outline challenges for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 277-288"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149006629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of row-orientation and NPK fertilizer levels on the performance of maize-soybean intercropping system","authors":"Mohaiminul Islam,&nbsp;M. Nishita Yeasmin Ria,&nbsp;Miftahul Jannat,&nbsp;Md Nayan,&nbsp;Md Delwar Hossain,&nbsp;Nadia Islam,&nbsp;F.M. Jamil Uddin,&nbsp;Md Harun Rashid","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monoculture has been recognized as a major threat to sustainable maize production, driven by the depletion of soil organic matter and the reduction of agrobiodiversity. Maize-legume intercropping is an established practice that can effectively improve resource use efficiency and land productivity. However, current research remains limited regarding the combined effects of row orientation and balanced NPK fertilization on intercropping systems. This study was carried out to investigate the impacts of row orientation and NPK application rate on the agronomic performance, productivity and economic return of a maize-soybean intercropping system under the agroecological conditions of Bangladesh. A field experiment was conducted using a split-plot design, with two row orientations [North-South (N-S) and East-West (E-W)] arranged as main plots, and four NPK application rates [0% (F₀), 75% (F₁), 100% (F₂), and 125% (F₃) of the locally recommended NPK rate] arranged as subplots. We measured a range of indicator parameters including plant growth traits, yield components, grain yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), maize equivalent yield (MEY) and economic returns. The results showed that row orientation had negligible effects on maize growth and grain yield, but exerted a significant influence on soybean performance. Compared with the E-W orientation, the N-S orientation produced higher soybean grain yield (1.11 t ha⁻¹), higher harvest index, and higher maize-equivalent yield (12.25 t ha⁻¹). Increasing NPK application rate significantly promoted the growth, yield components, grain yield and stover yield of both maize and soybean. The highest grain yields of maize (12.68 t ha⁻¹) and soybean (1.47 t ha⁻¹) were recorded in the F₃ treatment. The highest LER (2.25) was observed in the N-S × F₃ combination. Economic analysis further demonstrated that the F₃ treatment achieved the optimal economic performance, with the highest gross return (BDT 480,537 ha⁻¹), net return (BDT 233,124 ha⁻¹) and benefit-cost ratio (1.94). This study concludes that the highest agronomic performance, land use efficiency and economic return of maize-soybean intercropping in the study region can be achieved when adopting North-South row orientation and applying 125% of the recommended NPK fertilizer rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 265-276"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149006628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and practice on shuttle breeding between Henan and Xinjiang based on elite cotton germplasm from China's mainland.","authors":"Zhong-Jie Tang, De-Yi Xie, Wei-Ping Fang, Feng-Yin Lu, Wei Zhu","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.26-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.26-133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the bottleneck of a narrow genetic base and the difficulty of concurrently improving high yield and superior fiber quality in Xinjiang cotton, which has resulted from long-term reliance on local germplasm, this study introduced excellent germplasm resources from China's mainland. A total of 16 hybrid populations were developed by crossing these mainland resources with the superior Xinjiang cultivar Xinluzhong 51. Through shuttle breeding between Henan and Xinjiang (referred to as Yu-Jiang shuttle breeding) and multi-ecological alternating selection, the yield potential and stability of the derived lines were precisely evaluated using the GGE biplot method. The results demonstrated that the Yu-Jiang shuttle breeding strategy significantly increased lint yield, with an average annual increase of 54.143 kg/hm² from 2018 to 2025 (regression equation: <i>y</i>=54.143<i>x</i>+2,440.7, <i>R</i>²=0.827), confirming its continuous improvement effect on yield. Furthermore, novel lines represented by M3 were successfully selected, exhibiting high and stable yields alongside superior fiber quality. Specifically, fiber length increased by 1.6 mm, and the micronaire grade improved from C1 to B1, achieving synchronous optimization of both yield and quality traits. Correlation analysis revealed that lint yield was significantly positively correlated with planting density, bolls per plant, and lint percentage (<i>P</i><0.05), but negatively correlated with boll weight, providing a theoretical basis for optimizing planting density and plant architecture improvement.In conclusion, utilizing mainland germplasm resources for Yu-Jiang shuttle breeding effectively broadens the genetic base of Xinjiang cotton and enhances environmental adaptability. This approach represents an effective technical pathway for overcoming regional breeding bottlenecks and concurrently improving lint yield and fiber quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"892-903"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating image analysis and ensemble learning for predictive modeling of wood density and MC using line scanner and camera systems","authors":"Benedictus Reynaldo Hartanto,&nbsp;Te Ma,&nbsp;Yohei Kurata,&nbsp;Hikaru Kobori,&nbsp;Satoru Tsuchikawa,&nbsp;Tetsuya Inagaki","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conventional wood quality assessments often involve invasive methods that increase costs and weaken material integrity. Recent studies using machine learning, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and ensemble learning, have shown high accuracy in predicting wood density and mechanical properties from images. However, real-time evaluation of moisture content (MC) across different species remains underexplored. This research introduces a non-destructive approach that integrates 2D image analysis with an advanced ensemble learning model to predict both wood density and MC, using high-resolution images from Line Scanner and Camera Systems to extract key color features and wood attributes. A novel real-time MC determination method employing a gravimetric formula based on actual sample dimensions and weights further enhances immediate wood evaluation. The model achieves reliable predictions with a Coefficient of Determination (R²) of 0.94 for oven-dry density and 0.85 for MC, and Root Mean Square Errors (RMSE) of 0.01 g/cm³ and 8.33 %, respectively, offering a precise, viable tool for real-time wood quality and moisture assessment, and advancing sustainable industry practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 358-372"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of polyphenols, proteins, and lipids: Formation, characterization, and functional applications","authors":"Ying Huang,&nbsp;Fangyan Long,&nbsp;Wenlin Li,&nbsp;Changsheng Liu,&nbsp;Chang Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polyphenols, proteins, and lipids interact through diverse noncovalent and covalent mechanisms that collectively influence nutritional quality, physicochemical stability, and bioavailability in food systems. This review systematically examines the formation, characterization, and functionality of polyphenol-protein and polyphenol-lipid binary complexes, which serve as the fundamental building blocks for higher-order ternary architectures. We critically analyze the key structural features and assembly pathways, highlighting noncovalent interactions (hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic forces, electrostatic attraction, π-π stacking) and covalent oxidative coupling. Both intrinsic factors (e.g., polyphenol structure, protein conformation, lipid composition) and extrinsic processing conditions (e.g., temperature, pH, ionic strength) are analyzed for their roles in modulating complex formation. Emerging fabrication strategies and integrated characterization approaches are summarized. Furthermore, we discuss how the strategic combination of binary interactions leads to emergent properties in ternary systems, such as enhanced interfacial stabilization and controlled release, enabling innovative applications in food emulsions, nutraceuticals, drug delivery, and biomaterials. By integrating insights from binary to ternary levels, this review establishes a mechanistic foundation for the rational design of next-generation polyphenol-protein-lipid hybrid systems with tailored functionalities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 320-335"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate variability increasingly constrains genetic gains in rapeseed oil content: A survey on big data","authors":"Can Guo,&nbsp;Ao Liu,&nbsp;Du Wang,&nbsp;Li Yu,&nbsp;Fei Ma,&nbsp;Xuefang Wang,&nbsp;Mengxue Fang,&nbsp;Peiwu Li,&nbsp;Liangxiao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil content is one of the most important quality traits for oilseed crops. Recent advances in oil crop breeding have improved oil content, yet how climate variability undermines the realization of these gains remains insufficiently understood. Here, we compiled 16,424 production-scale observations of winter rapeseed oil content from the Yangtze River Basin during 2008 to 2022 and used a stage-resolved analytical framework to quantify climate-associated constraints on realized oil content gains. Rapeseed oil content showed a significant long-term upward trend, with an ordinary least squares slope of 0.24% per year. However, climate effects increasingly reduced the realized gains over time: the mean signed climate contribution exacerbated from -0.01% (2008- 2012) to -1.06% (2013 - 2017) and further to -1.75% (2018- 2022). Extreme heat exposure was negatively associated with oil content, and the strongest effect was observed in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, where the coefficient for extreme degree days reached -0.06. Stage-specific and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) based analyses showed that the declines in oil content were mainly associated with heat and moisture related signals during key developmental periods. Flowering exhibited the greatest climate sensitivity, with the largest median permutation-induced R² decline of 0.469. These findings highlighted the increasing climate constraints on rapeseed oil content gains and the need for greater climate resilience in breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 336-344"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}