农学最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of seedling-picking trajectory error in gear train seedling pick-up mechanisms considering center-distance errors","authors":"Jiangang Liu,&nbsp;Fengjiao Du,&nbsp;Peng Qi,&nbsp;Tengfei Shen,&nbsp;Jingguo Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the success rate of seedling-picking, this study investigates the influence of center-distance errors (CDE) on the seedling-picking trajectory of a planetary gear–based seedling pick-up mechanism (SPUM). The mathematical model of kinematic parameters of needle-tip was developed to characterize the resulting variations in coordinates and associated, incorporating multiple types of CDE—including first-stage transmission (FST), second-stage transmission (SST), and angular misalignment between the two stages. The effects of first-stage CDE (△<em>h</em> = 0.05–0.30 mm), second-stage CDE (Δ<em>L</em>₂ <em>=</em> 0.05–0.30 mm), and angular misalignment (Δ<em>δ</em>₁ = −1–1°) between the two stages on the displacement, velocity, and acceleration of the needle-tip were quantitatively analyzed. In addition, the relationships among CDE, tooth backlash, and trajectory deviation were examined. The results show that a first-stage CDE of 0.3 mm leads to a maximum needle-tip coordinate deviation of approximately 4 mm, and larger CDE cause markedly greater fluctuations in the seedling-picking trajectory. These findings demonstrate that precise calibration and control of center-distance are essential during both the design and manufacturing of SPUM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 451-465"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on cholesteryl ester transfer protein-related genes and CETP inhibitor therapy.","authors":"Zi-Jun Yi, Ying-Yun Gong, Hong-Wen Zhou","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.26-079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.26-079","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) mediates the transfer of cholesteryl esters from high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to apolipoprotein B (ApoB)-containing lipoproteins. Inhibition of CETP can increase high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) while reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Early epidemiological studies proposed the hypothesis that \"raising HDL-C confers cardiovascular protection\", which greatly promoted the development of CETP inhibitors. However, results from multiple large-scale clinical trials in recent years have shown that simply increasing HDL-C does not consistently translate into cardiovascular benefits. Instead, the therapeutic effects may be more closely related to the reduction of ApoB-containing atherogenic lipoprotein burden. Here, we systematically summarize the physiological functions of CETP and its role in the development and progression of atherosclerosis, review the development history and major clinical trial outcomes of CETP inhibitors, compare the differences among various agents in reducing ApoB-containing lipoproteins and improving clinical outcomes, and discuss the future prospects and research challenges of this drug class, with the aim of providing references for individualized lipid-lowering therapy in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"855-868"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress on the telomere-telomerase system in planarian neoblasts homeostasis and regeneration.","authors":"Fa-Zheng Han, Qing-Xian Wang, Xiao-Rui Cheng","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.26-131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.26-131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Planarians are flatworms with remarkable regenerative abilities, and their adult pluripotent stem cells, known as neoblasts, serve as the foundation for this regeneration. Neoblasts can rapidly migrate, proliferate, and undergo directed differentiation following tissue injury to complete regeneration. Telomeres are located at the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes and play a core role in maintaining chromosomal integrity. With each cell division, telomeres shorten. Telomerase is a reverse transcriptase that compensates for telomere loss during cell division by extending telomeric repeats. The telomere-telomerase system is one of the important mechanisms for maintaining stem cell homeostasis. As adult pluripotent stem cells of planarians, neoblasts are required to maintain a dynamic balance between high-frequency cell division and multilineage differentiation. The maintenance of their long-term proliferative capacity and genomic stability may depend on the precise regulation of the telomere-telomerase system. Thus, this system represents a critical entry point for understanding the remarkable regenerative ability of planarians. Integrating recent progress in regeneration, neoblast regulation, and the telomere-telomerase system, we systematically summarize the emerging evidence for telomere- telomerase involvement in neoblast homeostasis and regeneration. We aim to provide insights for research in regenerative medicine, stem cell regulation, and neural injury repair.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"869-877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing technology: A systematic review of artificial intelligence and expert systems in date palm agriculture","authors":"A.M. Mutawa","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Date palms are an essential agricultural asset in arid and semi-arid areas, considerably enhancing local economies and food security. Recent research has examined several facets of date palm production, including genetic diversity, water management, and<!--> <!-->disease detection,<!--> <!-->underscoring the need to understand these elements to improve productivity and sustainability. This systematic review seeks to consolidate research on date palm farming, emphasizing techniques such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) and expert systems in date palm production. The search was conducted across five databases to identify relevant studies published from 2020 to October 2024. The non-English, non-peer-reviewed, and full-text-unavailable papers were excluded. A total of 39 papers covering the date palm in AI and expert systems were included in the review. Though scalability and real-time adaptation were limited, expert systems showed promise in combining sensor data for monitoring<!--> <!-->and offering valuable insights. While AI models achieved excellent accuracy in illness detection and classification tasks, they struggled to generalize to new datasets and to apply in real-world settings. The detection and management of date palm cultivation could be significantly improved by expert systems and AI<!--> <!-->models. Nonetheless, its practical implementation is constrained by issues related to data quality, adaptability, and integrating systems. Future research should focus on developing robust, adaptable structures and integrating diverse datasets to address these constraints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 479-497"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transmission history of major China-prevalent <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> sub-lineages in East Asia.","authors":"Wei Wu, Bin Yang, Zhi-Wei Zhou, Hai-Bing Yuan, Qun Sun","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.25-345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.25-345","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> complex (MTBC) is distributed globally and has posed a severe threat to human health throughout history. In this study, we analyzed whole-genome data from the four major MTBC sub-lineages prevalent in China (L2.2, L4.2, L4.4, and L4.5) to reconstruct their transmission and expansion histories across East Asia and parts of Central Asia. We found that L2.2 has established a highly connected transmission network centered in Southern China, whereas L4.2 is characterized by cross-border transmission between Central Asia and Western China, and L4.4 and L4.5 exhibit repeated transmission events between Southeast Asia and Southern China. By reconstructing their population histories, we demonstrated that these sub-lineages have experienced multi-stage expansions since the 15th century, accompanied by a recent rapid proliferation of evolutionary clades. These findings reveal that the MTBC epidemic in East Asia may follow a pattern of long-term historical adaptation superimposed with recent concentrated outbreaks, providing potential genomic evidence to inform precise regional tuberculosis control strategies in China.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"48 9","pages":"921-930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148991592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the mechanism underlying ABA-induced biosynthesis of glucosinolates and flavonoids in rapeseed under Cd stress","authors":"Chunjun He,&nbsp;Jinfeng Wu,&nbsp;Jiamin Cui,&nbsp;Rongkui Hui,&nbsp;Lei Qin,&nbsp;Wenqing Tan,&nbsp;Yufang Li,&nbsp;Siying Zhu,&nbsp;Fengwu Xie,&nbsp;Mingli Yan,&nbsp;Shuxiang Mao,&nbsp;Lili Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2026.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cadmium (Cd) contamination represents a major challenge to agricultural output and food security. A combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolome was conducted on rapeseed seedlings exposed to Cd stress <span><math><mrow><mn>50</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mtext>mol</mtext><mo>/</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></math></span> with or without exogenous Abscisic acid (ABA) <span><math><mrow><mn>5</mn><mspace></mspace><mi>μ</mi><mtext>mol</mtext><mo>/</mo><mi>L</mi></mrow></math></span> supplementation. The results indicated that the biosynthesis pathways of glucosinolates and flavonoids were prominently enriched in the dataset of differentially expressed genes and metabolites. Notably, ABA treatment effectively up-regulated the expression of critical genes involved in glucosinolate (<em>GGP1, CYP83B1, IMGT5</em>, etc.) and flavonoid biosynthesis (<em>4CL4, TT5, TT6</em>, etc.), which had been repressed by Cd exposure, thereby restoring their metabolic levels. Additionally, exogenous ABA was found to restore the amounts of seven glucosinolates and ten flavonoids to normal ranges, as their production had been hindered by Cd exposure. These results indicate that ABA exerts a vital impact on boosting Cd resistance in oilseed rape through the control of transcriptional processes involved in GSL and flavonoid metabolic pathways, thereby adjusting the buildup of these protective secondary metabolites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"11 3","pages":"Pages 356-368"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149202457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accessible drone image processing for sustainable resource management of 3D tree-like crops using unsupervised algorithms","authors":"Xizhi Xia,&nbsp;Jaydeep Sachar,&nbsp;Khail Alibhai,&nbsp;Jeannifer Labelle,&nbsp;Dmitry Demin,&nbsp;Emmanuel Sulle,&nbsp;Woo Soo Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2025.11.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel AI-driven solution designed to enhance sustainable resource management and increase accessibility for farmers through visualized and digitalized tree information. The proposed methodology includes optimizing drone mapping for effective data coverage, capturing high-resolution imagery, and generating a 3D Point Cloud, with a particular emphasis on the integration of Weighted K-means, Density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (DBSCAN), and cluster separation algorithms to develop a high-precision, training-free stepwise crop segmentation algorithm for extracting essential phenotypic traits such as crop height and canopy volume. The algorithm was validated using avocado trees in Tanzania and hazelnut trees in Canada, demonstrating its robustness across different tree types and planting conditions. Notably, this study highlights the feasibility of extracting crop height without constructing a Digital Terrain Model (DTM), thereby mitigating errors associated with DTM inaccuracies. The proposed stepwise segmentation algorithm achieved a height estimation R² of 0.967 and volume estimation R² of 0.91 for avocado trees, demonstrating high accuracy without the need for DTM or training data. The developed algorithm, coupled with a user-friendly graphical user interface (GUI), provides farmers with a reliable tool for monitoring crop health and optimizing field management, representing a significant advancement in precision agriculture technology with wide-ranging applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 373-382"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic energy consumption modeling of V-belt in combine harvesters","authors":"Baoyan Xu,&nbsp;Yehong Liu,&nbsp;Yining Fu,&nbsp;Xin Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>V-belts in combine harvesters are prone to burnout failures under high-load continuous operations, compromising transmission reliability. However, the underlying thermomechanical coupling mechanisms remain poorly understood. To address this limitation, this study presents a dynamic energy dissipation model that decouples multiple heat generation mechanisms—bending hysteresis, compressive deformation, tensile strain, and external sliding friction—in V-belt drives. Finite element analysis is used to characterize the spatiotemporal loading behavior of internal friction sources, and energy dissipation quantification methods are developed based on viscoelastic theory and Coulomb friction law. A steady-state heat transfer framework is established, and critical thermal boundary parameters are identified through inverse modeling. The integrated thermomechanical model is validated by comparing simulated surface temperature fields with experimental data obtained from a custom-built test rig. The results show that predicted steady-state temperatures are marginally overestimated, with relative errors below 5%, exhibiting clear dependence on driving pulley speed and driven pulley load. The analysis reveals that high-speed operation intensifies internal hysteresis heating, whereas high-load conditions amplify external friction losses—synergistically leading to elevated thermal stress and increased burnout risk. Thus, the study elucidates the failure mechanisms under combined dynamic loads, enabling physics-driven design optimization and predictive maintenance for agricultural machinery powertrains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 433-450"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Grassland ecosystem assessments: Integrating UAV-derived features for aboveground biomass estimation","authors":"Clara Oliva Gonçalves Bazzo,&nbsp;Bahareh Kamali,&nbsp;Murilo dos Santos Vianna,&nbsp;Dominik Behrend,&nbsp;Hubert Hueging,&nbsp;Farshid Jahanbakhshi,&nbsp;Inga Schleip,&nbsp;Paul Mosebach,&nbsp;Almut Haub,&nbsp;Axel Behrendt,&nbsp;Thomas Gaiser","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monitoring grasslands presents significant challenges due to temporal and spatial dynamics in their vegetation. This is particularly pronounced in wet grasslands, where moisture dynamics also impact vegetation patterns. Recent advancements in data acquisition and analysis via Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have shown potential for a more comprehensive understanding of vegetation dynamics. However, current UAV-based methods focus predominantly on structural and spectral data analysis. This often overlooks the horizontal heterogeneity within vegetation. This study addresses this gap by integrating texture analysis, alongside structural and spectral data, to enhance aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation. The research was conducted in a heterogeneous wet grassland in eastern Germany under three different cutting frequencies. Regular UAV flights were carried out to obtain RGB (Red, Green, and Blue) and multispectral images, analyzed alongside ground-reference data from 108 plots, to evaluate canopy height and biomass. We tested the performance of Random Forest and Partial Least Squares Regression models for AGB estimation considering different combinations of features including canopy height model vegetation indices and texture analysis. The results demonstrate that texture analysis when combined with traditional spectral and structural data, enhances predictive accuracy, yielding the best R² values of up to 0.84 for AGB and reducing the relative root mean square errors to 26.6 %. The results underline the potential of combining UAV-based features in AGB estimation of heterogeneous grassland ecosystems offering a path forward for more effective ecological monitoring and sustainable grassland management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 396-414"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information processing and enabling technologies for agricultural energy Internet applications","authors":"Xiurong Zhang,&nbsp;Xuanye Zhao,&nbsp;Hamed Badihi,&nbsp;Ammar Al-Bazi,&nbsp;Zhengmao Li,&nbsp;Dawei Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.inpa.2026.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study provides a systematic exposition of the Agricultural Energy Internet (AEI), offering an in-depth analysis within the context of smart agriculture. This work elucidates the evolutionary pathway and emerging trends of AEI, along with the technologies underpinning its implementation. Through a systematic analysis of literature published over the past five years, the study focuses on three key research domains: (1) agricultural electrification, (2) rural energy systems, and (3) smart agriculture, thereby mapping the current research landscape of AEI. Representative studies across different developmental stages are examined to trace the evolution of AEI and its future directions, revealing a clear shift toward integrated multi-scale system-level energy modeling and large-scale AI-driven optimization. This study systematically delineates the technical architecture and evolutionary trajectory of the AEI. Finally, drawing on recent high-impact publications, three frontier research directions are identified: (1) generative AI for smart agriculture, (2) high-efficiency carbon capture technologies, and (3) low-cost energy harvesting systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":53443,"journal":{"name":"Information Processing in Agriculture","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 415-432"},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148859420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}