农学最新文献

{"title":"CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutation of Mstn confers growth performance in Culter alburnus juveniles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Myostatin is a member of the TGF-β superfamily and functions as a negative regulator for skeletal muscle development and growth. It has become the most targeted gene in aquaculture that used for selective breeding. Previous studies involved in genome editing in several fish species confirmed that CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) system was highly efficient with lower off-target effect, however, no reports were raised in <em>Culter alburnus</em>. In this study, we employed CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing system to successfully disrupt <em>mstn</em> gene by co-injection with Cas9 protein and the targeted sgRNA in <em>C. alburnus</em>. Various Indel mutations were obtained with 82% knockout efficiency in the F0 generation by PCR sequencing. In addition, mutations in <em>mstn</em> that induced by CRISPR/Cas9 were detected in the F1 generation by individually mating the wild-type female with the F0 generation of <em>mstn</em>-KO male at sexual maturity. More importantly, the body weight and length were significantly elevated in <em>mstn</em> ^<em>±</em> group when compared to those of the control. As expected in <em>mstn</em> ^<em>±</em> group, the expression level of <em>mstn</em> was sharply reduced, whereas a slight increase was observed in two growth-related genes (<em>myod</em> and <em>myog</em>). Moreover, higher numbers of muscle fibers were observed in <em>mstn</em> ^<em>±</em> group, meaning that growth performance in <em>mstn</em> ^<em>±</em> individuals might be represented by increasing the number of muscle fibers. Taken together, our current study successfully obtained a site-specific modification of <em>mstn</em> using CRISPR/Cas9 technology, and these results provided a new insight for facilitating topmouth culter genetic studies and breeding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 900-907"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75635969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simvastatin enhanced growth and altered testis transcriptome profiles of male tilapias","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.05.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.05.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Simvastatin (SIM), a commonly prescribed drug for lowering serum-lipid, has been detected in many aquatic environments. Exposure to high concentrations of SIM in rats and aquatic organisms resulted in toxicity to hepatocytes and negative effects on development. However, there is a paucity of studies on the effects of long-term exposure to low concentrations of SIM on aquaculture species. This study aimed to analyze the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations (0.1 μg/L and 1 μg/L) of SIM exposure for two months on developing Mozambique tilapias. Surprisingly, the growth of male tilapias was enhanced after a 2-month SIM exposure. The analysis of testis histology revealed that after the SIM exposure, the development of the testis was delayed, and sperm production was reduced. Sequencing of testis transcriptomes showed that the exposure to SIM altered the expression of many genes related to the development of testes and spermatogenesis. These data suggest that a 2-month exposure to environmentally relevant concentrations of increases the growth of male tilapias by inhibiting sexual development of males.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 893-899"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88996577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ameliorative effect of walnut oil against cognitive impairment in alzheimers type dementia in rodent","authors":"Congcong Ma ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Qingde Huang ,&nbsp;Qianchun Deng ,&nbsp;Fenghong Huang ,&nbsp;Jiqu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocsci.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Walnut oil (WO), known for abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids and an array of bioactive substances such as tocopherols, phytosterols, squalene, melatonin, and polyphenols, which is endowed with numerous health advantages. The primary objective of this research was to ascertain the impact of WO on cognitive deficits in learning and memory impairment mice caused by scopolamine (SCOP). The Morris water maze and the step-down avoidance test were utilized to assess the memory and learning capabilities. WO notably counteracted the detrimental effects of SCOP on learning and memory in the Morris water maze, as indicated by a reduction in escape latency and swimming distance. Likewise, WO administration led to a notably reduced number of errors in training trial and an increased latency in testing trial when compared to the SCOP group in the step-down avoidance test,. Moreover, WO activated the cholinergic system of the brain by upregulating choline acetyltransferase activity and reducing acetylcholinesterase activity. These results suggest that WO has the potential to protect against memory decline in mice, offering a promising strategy for the prevention of memory-related disorders.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":34095,"journal":{"name":"Oil Crop Science","volume":"9 4","pages":"Pages 234-239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142662057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and practice of educational experiments on genetic epistasis.","authors":"Yi Shi, Yao Yu, Yi-Lin Lü, Hong Lü","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-248","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic epistasis is a fundamental concept in genetics that describes how interactions between genes determine phenotypic traits. To enhance students' understanding and practical application of genetic epistasis, this experiment is designed and conducted using gene mutations in the adenine biosynthesis pathway of <i>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</i> (baker's yeast). <i>S. cerevisiae</i> is a classic model organism for genetic teaching experiments. In its adenine biosynthesis pathway, a mutation in the <i>ADE2</i> gene leads to the accumulation of the intermediate 5'-phosphoribosylaminoimidazole (AIR), causing the cells to appear red. However, if a gene upstream of <i>ADE2</i> in the adenine biosynthesis pathway (such as <i>ADE8</i>) is defective, the red phenotype of yeast will disappear. Conversely, a defect in a gene downstream of <i>ADE2</i> (such as <i>ADE1</i>) does not alter the red phenotype. Therefore, <i>ADE8</i> is epistatic to <i>ADE2.</i> In this experiment, the CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing technology is employed, allowing students to perform single knockout of <i>ade2</i>Δ, as well as double knockouts of <i>ade2</i>Δ<i>ade8</i>Δ and <i>ade2</i>Δ<i>ade1</i>Δ in <i>S. cerevisiae</i>. By observing the phenotypic changes in yeast mutants from white to red and back to white, students gain a profound understanding of the basic genetic theory of how genes determine phenotypes and the concept of epistasis in gene interactions. This experiment also enables students to master fundamental yeast genetic techniques, significantly enhancing their ability to design and conduct experiments in real research environments. This is of great significance for their future research work and academic development.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"958-970"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and functional characterization of CD209 homologous genes in zebrafish.","authors":"Xiao-Jun Yang, Zhen-Han Huang, Wei Liu, Wen-Qing Zhang, Zhi-Bin Huang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-181","DOIUrl":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innate immune responses play a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis, their initiation closely related to pattern recognition receptors or damage-associated molecules on the surface of innate immune cells. CD209, a pattern recognition receptor on the surface of macrophages or dendritic cells, plays an important role in immune functions. However, the impact of CD209 on innate immune cells such as macrophages or neutrophils <i>in vivo</i> remains unclear. In this study, through multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic tree construction, three genes homologous to human CD209 were found in zebrafish. These are <i>cd209</i>(Ensembl ID:ENSDARG00000029461), <i>zgc:174904</i>(Ensembl ID:ENSDARG00000059049) and <i>si:dkey-187I7.2</i>(Ensembl ID: ENSDARG00000096624).Compared to the <i>cd209</i> and <i>si:dkey-187i8.2</i> genes in the Ensembl database, <i>zgc:174904</i> is more similar to human CD209 in sequence. Using whole-mount <i>in situ</i> hybridization and fluorescence co-localization experiments, it was found that <i>zgc:174904</i> is mainly expressed in macrophages. Further morpholino knockdown experiments showed that knocking down <i>zgc:174904</i> leads to an upregulation of M1-type macrophage-related genes and a decrease in the number of mature neutrophils, indicating that <i>zgc:174904</i> is functionally more similar to CD209. These findings not only reveal the potential role of CD209 in regulating macrophage function and neutrophil development but also provide significant insights for research into the mechanisms of innate immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"46 11","pages":"947-957"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142668833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stability analysis of reef fish communities based on symbiotic graph model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.03.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The community stability of coral reefs and fish is the focus of ecological monitoring of coral reefs. Among them, the realization of effective metrics of variations in reef fish communities (i.e., the combined communities of coral reefs and fish) is important for analyzing the stability of communities as well as maintaining the ecological balance of coral reefs. Based on coral reef and fish data collected at St. John's Island from 2004 to 2010, this study proposes a symbiotic graph modeling method to express the biological relationships of reef fish communities, and a Pyramid Match graph kernel method for fusing Attributes (PMA) to quantify community fluctuations to measure interannual variability of communities. The results showed that the community similarity was low in 2006, 2007, and 2008. The total coral cover rate in the study area decreased by 32.04% from 2006 to 2007 and increased by 24% in 2008. The total number of fish fell from 3780 in 2006 to 2596 in 2007 and rose to 6249 in 2008. Among them, the proportion of herbivorous fish decreased to 30.84% in 2007. Furthermore, we have combined the Louvain algorithm with the proposed PMA method to effectively identify the regions that should be prioritized for protection. Experiments were conducted on real datasets with good results, demonstrating the potential of the proposed method to assist in the analysis of community stability and identification of priority conservation areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 1007-1017"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72851961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of biological flocculation technology (BFT) on water quality dynamics and immune response of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The biofloc technology (BFT) offers benefits in improving feed utilization and reducing the feed conversion ratio compared to the recirculating aquaculture system (RAS). In this study, high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing was employed to investigate and compare the bacterial communities in these aquaculture systems and the gut microbiota of grass carp reared in them. We observed a significant distinction between the microbial communities of the aquaculture systems and the intestinal microbiota of grass carp. The genera <em>cetobacterium</em> and <em>bacillus</em> were more abundant in the BFT system, accounting for only 0.05% and 0.25% in the RAS. Our study also demonstrated that BFT could influence the intestinal microorganisms of grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon Idella</em>) by reducing the relative abundance of <em>burkholderia</em>-<em>caballeronia</em>-<em>paraburkholderia</em> and increasing that of <em>cetobacterium</em>. Based on bugBase community predictions, the potential pathogenicity in BFT and grass carp intestine was lower than in RAS. Regarding gene expression in the grass carp intestine, immunosuppressive genes showed higher expression, while pro-inflammatory genes exhibited lower expression in grass carp reared in BFT. Furthermore, the final average length and weight of grass carp in the BFT system were significantly higher than those in the RAS. This study provides valuable insights into gut microbiome ecology in relation to two grass carp aquaculture systems, which could be effectively applied in grass carp management to promote health and improve water quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 921-928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90102894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microbe-derived antioxidants on growth, digestive and aminotransferase activities, and antioxidant capacities in the hepatopancreas of Eriocheir sinensis under ammonia nitrogen stress","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2022.12.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2022.12.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the effects of feeding a microbial-derived antioxidant diet (MA) for 56 days on the growth performance of Eriocheir sinensis, as well as on digestive and metabolic enzyme activity and antioxidant capacity under ammonia stress (400 mg/L ammonia nitrogen for 48 h). The weight gain at 28d and the specific growth rate at 56ds for crabs in the MA group were significantly higher than those in the control diet (C) group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Compared with the C group, the color of the hepatopancreas in the MA group was significantly improved (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). A significant decrease in the level of Hemolymph ammonia was found in the microbial antioxidant ammonia-N (MA_A) group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05), which may be related to the decrease of transaminase (AST, ALT, GDH) activities caused by MA diet (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). There is a significant increase in the digestive enzyme activities (Trypsin and Lipase), which reduced the accumulation of triglycerides in the hepatopancreas in the (MA_A) group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). In addition, the antioxidant damage of crabs in hepatopancreas caused by ammonia nitrogen toxicity could also significantly be improved by MA fed in the (MA_A) group (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). microbe-derived antioxidants (supplemented with 0.2% in feeds) can protect the health of hepatopancreas, promote growth, and improve the ability to resist ammonia nitrogen stress for E.sinensis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 957-966"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73160500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IKKε positively regulates NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF3-mediated type I IFN signaling pathways in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>IKKε is an IκB kinase participating in the control of NF-κB and type I IFN signal pathways in mammals. However, the function of IKKε in regulating immune response is largely unknown in teleost. Herein, an IKKε homologue named <em>Aj</em>IKKε was characterized in Japanese eel (<em>Anguilla japonica</em>). <em>Aj</em>IKKε has an N-terminal kinase domain, a ubiquitin-like domain, and a coiled coil-containing domain (CC), which is conserved and similar to its counterpart in mammals. Expression analysis showed that <em>Aj</em>IKKε could be up-regulated in kidney, spleen, and particularly in liver under the stimulation of poly I:C, LPS, and <em>Aeromonas hydrophila</em> infection. <em>In vitro</em>, the mRNA levels of <em>Aj</em>IKKε were significantly provoked in eel liver cells stimulated by LPS and poly I:C, or the different concentrations of <em>A. hydrophila</em>. The overexpression of <em>Aj</em>IKKε could not only induce a significantly higher level of promoter activity of human NF-κB, AP-1, and IFN-β in a dose-dependent manner but also up-regulate the activation of promoters of Japanese eel cRel, AP1, IL6, IFN4, IRF3, and IRF7 in HEK293 cells. RNAi studies showed that after <em>Aj</em>IKKε was knocked down, the expression levels of IL1, IL6, TNFα, c-Jun, IFN2, IFN3, MX1, MX2, and IRF3 genes were significantly down-regulated in liver, spleen, and kidney of Japanese eels. In addition, the mutants of <em>Aj</em>IKKε-K39A, <em>Aj</em>IKKε-S174A, and <em>Aj</em>IKKε-ΔCC failed to activate Japanese eel IFN4, IRF3 and human IFN-β promoters in HEK293 cells. Collectively, these results suggest that <em>Aj</em>IKKε may function as a positive regulator of NF-κB, MAPK, and IRF3-mediated type I IFN signaling pathways related to immune response evoked by bacterial and viral infection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 908-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78132520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A compact underwater stereo vision system for measuring fish","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.03.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the context of aquaculture, fish length is a key parameter to assess fish stocks, essential for feeding regime and contributes for decisions at several production levels. However, taking length measurements is a cumbersome task that, when applied to living individuals, can induce considerable stress, increasing the risk of damage or hindering their growth. Computer vision is one of the most used non-contact tools to overcome this issue, being fast, consistent and repeatable. However, its use in aquatic environments is limited by the high cost, the difficulty of calibrating the system in underwater conditions and the complexity of implementation. This paper proposes a low-cost easy-to-use vision system that can take measurements on live fish in aquatic conditions, without the need for a special calibration or a demanding in-water calibration service. The present work implemented a compact stereo vision system and developed a method that estimates the correct length of fish, based on the variation of the angle of incidence of the light rays in the water. Given some structural conditions such as a short baseline, the system is able to measure fish with an error of less than 1%. The short baseline allows to have a compact system and reduces the effect of water refraction on the 3D reconstruction. A set of experiments were performed with real fish, working robustly for a set of orientations of the fish (even when the caudal fin and snout are on different distances to the cameras).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"9 6","pages":"Pages 1000-1006"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75300570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}