农学最新文献

{"title":"The whole-genome dissection of root system architecture provides new insights for the genetic improvement of alfalfa (<i>Medicago sativa</i> L.).","authors":"Xueqian Jiang, Xiangcui Zeng, Ming Xu, Mingna Li, Fan Zhang, Fei He, Tianhui Yang, Chuan Wang, Ting Gao, Ruicai Long, Qingchuan Yang, Junmei Kang","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhae271","DOIUrl":"10.1093/hr/uhae271","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Appropriate root system architecture (RSA) can improve alfalfa yield, yet its genetic basis remains largely unexplored. This study evaluated six RSA traits in 171 alfalfa genotypes grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. We also analyzed five yield-related traits in normal and drought stress environments and found a significant correlation (0.50) between root dry weight (RDW) and alfalfa dry weight under normal conditions (N_DW). A genome-wide association study (GWAS) was performed using 1 303 374 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to explore the relationships between RSA traits. Sixty significant SNPs (-log _<b>10</b> (<i>P</i>) ≥ 5) were identified, with genes within the 50 kb upstream and downstream ranges primarily enriched in GO terms related to root development, hormone synthesis, and signaling, as well as morphological development. Further analysis identified 19 high-confidence candidate genes, including AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORs (ARFs), LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES-DOMAIN (LBD), and WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX (WOX). We verified that the forage dry weight under both normal and drought conditions exhibited significant differences among materials with different numbers of favorable haplotypes. Alfalfa containing more favorable haplotypes exhibited higher forage yields, whereas favorable haplotypes were not subjected to human selection during alfalfa breeding. Genomic prediction (GP) utilized SNPs from GWAS and machine learning for each RSA trait, achieving prediction accuracies ranging from 0.70 for secondary root position (SRP) to 0.80 for root length (RL), indicating robust predictive capability across the assessed traits. These findings provide new insights into the genetic underpinnings of root development in alfalfa, potentially informing future breeding strategies aimed at improving yield.</p>","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"uhae271"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editorial: introducing dedication reviews-broad reviews in plant and horticultural sciences.","authors":"Zong-Ming Max Cheng","doi":"10.1093/hr/uhae358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/hr/uhae358","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":57479,"journal":{"name":"园艺研究(英文)","volume":"12 1","pages":"uhae358"},"PeriodicalIF":7.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11775615/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why should we stop translating \"evolution\" to \"\" and turn to use \"\" in Chinese.","authors":"Zhong-Yi Sun, Guo-Jie Zhang","doi":"10.16288/j.yczz.24-194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16288/j.yczz.24-194","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":35536,"journal":{"name":"遗传","volume":"47 1","pages":"5-17"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142956106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of garlic and cinnamon as an alternative to chemotherapeutic agents in controlling Saprolegnia infection in Nile tilapia","authors":"Salah M. Aly ,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Elatta ,&nbsp;Asmaa A. Nasr ,&nbsp;Mohamed Fathi","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to minimize the utilization of chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of fungal infections in fish, as these agents can adversely impact human and animal health as well as the environment. Nile Tilapia was utilized in this study to assess the efficacy of incorporating garlic and cinnamon into their diet, aiming to enhance their immune systems and provide protection against <em>Saprolegnia</em>, a fungal pathogen that causes substantial economic losses in the fish farming industry. The findings indicated that the inclusion of garlic and cinnamon to the fish's diet enhanced their immune response and various blood parameters. Specifically, group 4, treated with 1.5% garlic, demonstrated superior outcomes compared to group 5, which received 2% garlic treatment. Additionally, group 6, subjected to 8.5% cinnamon treatment, exhibited superior hematological parameters when compared to group 7, which received 10% cinnamon treatment. Moreover, group 6 displayed the highest phagocytic activity in comparison to the remaining groups. In conclusion, garlic and cinnamon can serve as valuable immunostimulants for managing fungal infections in fish. Their inclusion in the diet enhances the immune response, consequently bolstering the fish's resistance to fungal infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 105-114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76172989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The adaptation of rainbow trout to warmer water: Oxidative damage in the germinal line","authors":"Vianel Sevastei ,&nbsp;Sonia A. Crichigno ,&nbsp;M. Victoria Santos ,&nbsp;Andrea Trochine ,&nbsp;Julio C. Painefilú ,&nbsp;Noemí Zaritzky ,&nbsp;Víctor E. Cussac","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary evolution was observed in a feral rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>) population of a thermal stream (Valcheta) in Northern Patagonia, in terms of juvenile thermal tolerance and preferred temperature. Other authors showed that high-temperature treatment applied to male rainbow trout juveniles increased the thermal tolerance in the next generation. This implies a high mutation rate and/or a modified epigenetic inheritance. Comparisons were made among a) a rainbow trout strain adapted in terms of upper thermal tolerance and higher preferred temperature (Valcheta stream), b) a wild temperate stream population (Guillelmo stream), and c) two temperate farmed strains. We examined: Oxidative damage (lipid peroxidation) and activities of antioxidant enzymes; Catalase (CAT), Glutathione S-Transferases (GST), and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), in liver, testicle, and spermatozoa. Semen fatty acid composition, sperm morphology, sperm motility, and fertilization performance in samples before and after the application of cryopreservation procedures were also evaluated. The observed responses, mainly related to the sperm membrane, reinforces the idea that ROS can affect the germinal line of male rainbow trout juveniles subjected to high water temperature. Our results suggest that the acquired thermal tolerance traits may be part of a wide spectrum of novel characteristics produced as a consequence of an enhanced mutation rate and/or a different DNA methylation pattern, induced by higher temperatures and mediated by ROS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 68-78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79417357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic effects of monocrotophos and glyphosate on the female reproductive organ and aromatase gene expression in climbing perch","authors":"Sujata Mohapatra ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Jitendra Kumar Sundaray ,&nbsp;Lakshman Sahoo ,&nbsp;Mohd Ashraf Rather ,&nbsp;Sangita Dixit ,&nbsp;Vasam Manohar ,&nbsp;Kiran Rasal ,&nbsp;Sukanta K. Pradhan ,&nbsp;C.S.K. Mishra ,&nbsp;Dhananjaya Mishra ,&nbsp;SriangaTilak Patnaik","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Monocrotophos (MCP) and Glyphosate (GLY) are used as an insecticide and herbicide respectively in agricultural fields in India and other developed countries. Since agricultural fields are located close to water bodies, there is a high risk of water contamination by these chemicals with consequent residue accumulation in aquatic biota including fish. The 48 h LC50 was found to be 106 mg/L and 78 mg/L for MCP and GLY respectively. To investigate the effects of these two agrochemicals, the adult climbing perch, <em>Anabas testudineus</em> female fish were treated with 3 concentrations of MCP and GLY for 30 days. The MCP concentrations were 3.5×10^-4% (T1), 5.3×10^-4% (T2), and 10.6×10^-4% (T3) and GLY concentrations were 2.6×10^-4% (T1), 3.9×10^-4% (T2), and 7.8×10^-4% (T3). One group was kept as control. Molecular docking analysis showed that GLY interacted with brain aromatase protein at residues MET424, THR423, PRO479 with a binding energy of −10.685 and with a docking score of −4.769. In the case of MCP, the binding residues were MET424, THR423, and PHE422 ofbrain aromatase with a binding energy of −10.436 with a docking score of −2.824. Similarly, GLYinteracted with ovary aromatase at residues ASN 479, THR477, ASN 230, GLU 226, GLN 483, PRO 484, and GLU 486 with a binding energy of −10.685 and with a docking score of −5.177. In the case of MCP, the binding residues were ASP 312, THR 313, SER 481, and TRP 228 of ovary aromatase with a binding energy of −2.405 and with a docking score of - 3.372. These agrochemicals caused ovarian damage and alteration in gonadosomatic index and cytochrome P450 aromatase gene expression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 79-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79519788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance and gut microbiota of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed powdered Moringa oleifera leave as additive (Probiotics)","authors":"Jerimoth Kesena Ekelemu ,&nbsp;Arnold Ebuka Irabor ,&nbsp;Ruth Elohor Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The antimicrobial activity of powdered <em>Moringa oleifera</em> leaves on the performance of <em>Clarias gariepinus</em> juveniles was investigated. A total of 180 <em>C. gariepinus</em> hatchery-bred juveniles were obtained, acclimated in a 4 × 4 × 3 feet concrete tank, and fed adlib with 1.5 mm Coppens for one week. Initial mean weight (g) and length (cm) of sample fish were measured and randomly distributed in triplicates of 15 fish/tank into twelve concrete tanks of dimension 4 × 4 × 3 feet (T_1A_-_C – T_4A-C). Four treatment diets were formulated, by adding graded levels of powdered <em>M. oleifera</em> leaf to the fish feed, using starch as binder. T₁ (control) had no moringa inclusion (control), while T₂, T_3, and T₄ respectively had 5 g, 10 g, and 15 g/kg inclusion. Length (cm) and weight (g) of fish were measured fortnightly, while haematology and serum profile, bacteria in the gut were collected at the end of the study. One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to analyze the data, and Duncan's multiple range test was employed for mean separation. Results revealed a significantly higher growth response in T₃ compared to other treatments (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Haematological and seriological profile showed a boost in immunity of fish fed with the additive. Bacterial load in the fish gut was significantly reduced (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) as inclusion of additive increased. Therefore, for optimum fish production addition of 10g of <em>M. oleifera</em>/Kg of feed is recommended, as it gave the best result in terms of growth (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 55-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80544582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genes for editing to improve economic traits in aquaculture fish species","authors":"Zituo Yang ,&nbsp;Guihong Fu ,&nbsp;May Lee ,&nbsp;Shadame Yeo ,&nbsp;Gen Hua Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aquaculture, a critical sector for global food security, faces the challenge of meeting growing demand while protecting wild fish populations. Gene editing, a powerful genetic tool, emerges as a potential solution. By modifying key genes in fish, it is expected to rapidly enhance growth rate, disease resistance, and other economically important traits, leading to increased profitability, sustainability, and competitiveness of the industry. This review navigates the complex landscape of genes for important traits, gene editing in aquaculture, exploring successes, challenges, and prospects for improved productivity, sustainability, and resilience. We provide guidance for researchers and stakeholders in identifying and editing genes responsible for important traits, while addressing economic, environmental, regulatory, and ethical considerations. This roadmap paves the way for a future where gene editing empowers aquaculture to meet global food needs while upholding environmental responsibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141699982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of variable light intensity in luminescent-netting pots on the catch of snow crab (Chionoecetes opilio)","authors":"Colin C.H. Frank,&nbsp;Shannon M. Bayse","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of light in pots has been shown to increase snow crab catch rates in eastern Canada and the Barents Sea, where better fishing efficiency could result in less fuel consumption, and financial and ecological benefits. However, some light characteristics necessary for maximizing efficiency have yet to be researched. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a change in catch per unit effort (CPUE; number of snow crab per pot) and size selectivity of snow crab with varying light intensity. Three types of experimental luminescent-netting pots were used, each type with a different level of light intensity via the amount of phosphorescent strands woven into the pot netting, (either 2-, 4-, or 6-strands) and were compared to the traditional pot used in the fishery. There were mixed results among treatments, with the 2-strand pot catching fewer snow crab &lt;103 mm carapace width (CW) and more snow crab ≥103 mm CW than the traditional pots, but overall, had a lower CPUE for legal and sub-legal sized males (14.8 and 3.1 per pot, respectively) than the traditional (16.1 and 5.5 per pot, respectively) when considering all size classes. When compared to the traditional, the 4-strand pot caught more legal and sub-legal (CPUE of 18.8 and 8.0 per pot, respectively) snow crab in terms of CPUE but caught fewer commercial snow crabs from 95 to 98 and 103–113 mm CW. The brightest intensity pots (6-strand) showed no significant difference in CPUE or size selectivity in comparison to the traditional. Increased light intensity pots either had no effect on snow crab capture (6-strand) or produced unwanted results (loss of commercial sizes, increase in sub-legal sizes). Conversely, the 2-strand pot showed decreases in juvenile crab catch and increases in the catch of the most valuable size-classes observed, which are attractive results to fisheries managers and harvesters, respectively. These results, combined with a large price increase, suggest that higher light-intensity pots are not attractive for the commercial fishery.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 124-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79181900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High trophic similarity between non-native common carp and gibel carp in Turkish freshwaters: Implications for management","authors":"Sadi Aksu ,&nbsp;Özgür Emiroğlu ,&nbsp;Paride Balzani ,&nbsp;J. Robert Britton ,&nbsp;Esengül Köse ,&nbsp;Irmak Kurtul ,&nbsp;Sercan Başkurt ,&nbsp;Oğuzcan Mol ,&nbsp;Emre Çınar ,&nbsp;Phillip J. Haubrock ,&nbsp;Pinar Oztopcu-Vatan ,&nbsp;Ali Serhan Tarkan","doi":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aaf.2023.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the detrimental ecological and economic effects of introducing freshwater fish species have been extensively documented, non-native freshwater fishes continue to be introduced in large numbers globally to enhance fisheries and aquaculture. In Turkey, stocking of common carp <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> is practised to provide food security for people and job security for artisanal fishers, resulting in a country-wide distribution. These stockings, however, increase the risk of accidental introductions and have led to introductions and subsequent invasions of gibel carp <em>Carassius gibelio</em>, a globally invasive and highly detrimental fish species. Here, we assessed the growth types, body conditions and trophic interactions via bulk carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis of common and gibel carp in both natural and artificial water bodies in Turkey. The results indicated that common and gibel carp express similar growth types and body conditions in all waters and have similar trophic ecologies. This leads to substantial trophic niche overlaps in waters where they co-occur, with the potential for strong interspecific competition. Considering the ongoing stocking of common carp for fishery enhancement, we recommend to specifically target these stockings in waters where gibel carp has already become invasive. Our findings, indeed, suggest that common carp releases have the potential to hamper invasive gibel carp populations by increasing the competitive interactions between the two species.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":36894,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture and Fisheries","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91322003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}