物理最新文献

{"title":"Dynamical and thermodynamical stability of a charged thin-shell wormhole","authors":"Ernesto F. Eiroa,&nbsp;Griselda Figueroa-Aguirre,&nbsp;Miguel L. Peñafiel,&nbsp;Santiago Esteban Perez Bergliaffa","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13465-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13465-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study of the dynamical and thermodynamical stability of a charged thin-shell wormhole built by gluing two Reissner–Nordström geometries is presented. The charge on the shell is linearly related to the matter content. For the dynamical stability, a concise inequality is obtained, valid for any barotropic equation of state that relates the pressure with the energy density at the throat. A thermodynamical description of the system is introduced, which leads to the temperature and the electric potentials. Adopting a linear equation of state for the pressure and a definite form for the entropy function, the set of equilibrium configurations that are both dynamically and thermodynamically stable is found.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13465-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints on self-interaction cross-sections of dark matter in universal bound states from direct detection","authors":"G. Angloher,&nbsp;S. Banik,&nbsp;G. Benato,&nbsp;A. Bento,&nbsp;A. Bertolini,&nbsp;R. Breier,&nbsp;C. Bucci,&nbsp;J. Burkhart,&nbsp;E. Cipelli,&nbsp;L. Canonica,&nbsp;A. D’Addabbo,&nbsp;S. Di Lorenzo,&nbsp;L. Einfalt,&nbsp;A. Erb,&nbsp;F. v. Feilitzsch,&nbsp;S. Fichtinger,&nbsp;D. Fuchs,&nbsp;A. Garai,&nbsp;V. M. Ghete,&nbsp;P. Gorla,&nbsp;P. V. Guillaumon,&nbsp;S. Gupta,&nbsp;D. Hauff,&nbsp;M. Ješkovský,&nbsp;J. Jochum,&nbsp;M. Kaznacheeva,&nbsp;A. Kinast,&nbsp;S. Kuckuk,&nbsp;H. Kluck,&nbsp;H. Kraus,&nbsp;A. Langenkämper,&nbsp;M. Mancuso,&nbsp;L. Marini,&nbsp;B. Mauri,&nbsp;L. Meyer,&nbsp;V. Mokina,&nbsp;M. Olmi,&nbsp;T. Ortmann,&nbsp;C. Pagliarone,&nbsp;L. Pattavina,&nbsp;F. Petricca,&nbsp;W. Potzel,&nbsp;P. Povinec,&nbsp;F. Pröbst,&nbsp;F. Pucci,&nbsp;F. Reindl,&nbsp;J. Rothe,&nbsp;K. Schäffner,&nbsp;J. Schieck,&nbsp;S. Schönert,&nbsp;C. Schwertner,&nbsp;M. Stahlberg,&nbsp;L. Stodolsky,&nbsp;C. Strandhagen,&nbsp;R. Strauss,&nbsp;I. Usherov,&nbsp;F. Wagner,&nbsp;V. Wagner,&nbsp;V. Zema,&nbsp;CRESST Collaboration","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13472-4","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13472-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>(varLambda )</span>-Cold Dark Matter (<span>(varLambda )</span>CDM) has been successful at explaining the large-scale structures in the universe but faces severe issues on smaller scales when compared to observations. Introducing self-interactions between dark matter particles claims to provide a solution to the small-scale issues in the <span>(varLambda )</span>CDM simulations while being consistent with the observations at large scales. The existence of the energy region in which these self-interactions between dark matter particles come close to saturating the S-wave unitarity bound can result in the formation of dark matter bound states called darkonium. In this scenario, all the low energy scattering properties are determined by a single parameter, the inverse scattering length <span>(gamma )</span>. In this work, we set bounds on <span>(gamma )</span> by studying the impact of darkonium on the observations at direct detection experiments using data from CRESST-III and XENON1T. The exclusion limits on <span>(gamma )</span> are then subsequently converted to exclusion limits on the self-interaction cross-section and compared with the constraints from astrophysics and N-body simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13472-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The alpha particle charge radius, the radion and the proton radius puzzle","authors":"F. Dahia,&nbsp;A. S. Lemos","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13582-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13582-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent measurements of the Lamb shift of muonic helium-4 ions were used to infer the alpha particle charge radius. The value found is compatible with the radius extracted from the analysis of the electron-helium scattering. Thus, the new spectroscopic data put additional empirical bounds on some free parameters of certain physics theories beyond the Standard Model. In this paper, we analyze the new data in the context of large extra-dimensional theories. Specifically, we calculate the influence of the radion, the scalar degree of freedom of the higher-dimensional gravity, on the energy difference between the 2S and 2P levels of this exotic atom. The radion field is related to fluctuations of the volume of the supplementary space. It should be treated as a phenomenologically independent quantity in relation to the tensorial degrees of freedom of the metric within the braneworld scenario. Based on the spectroscopic data of muonic helium, we find constraints for the effective energy scale of the radion as a function of the alpha particle radius. Then, we discuss the implications of these new constraints on the proton radius puzzle. We also establish a new empirical bound for the radion by examining its influence on the isotopic shift in the 2P-2S transition of muonic hydrogen and muonic deuteron. In connection with this discussion, we study the impact of the radion on the tension observed in measurements of the difference between the squared radii of the helion and alpha particle as extracted from muonic and electronic helium isotopes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13582-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electrical impedance characterization of (AgCl)0.05(AgPO3)0.95 and (AgBr)0.05(AgPO3)0.95 glassy systems over 5 K to 300 K temperature range","authors":"Layla Badr","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08031-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08031-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The electrical properties of doped silver halide silver metaphosphate glasses; (AgCl)_0.05(AgPO₃)_0.95 and (AgBr)_0.05(AgPO₃)_0.95 are investigated. The amorphous character of the glasses is determined by differential scanning calorimetry. The samples are characterized using complex impedance spectroscopy in order to investigate the frequency and temperature dependence of their conductivities. Insights into the conduction processes are obtained. Four conductivity regimes are identified, the dc conductivity which follows an Arrhenius law, the dispersed conductivity which follows Jonscher power law, the Nearly Constant Loss conductivity which shows a slight temperature dependence, and the low-temperature Nearly Constant Loss with no thermal activation. The foundation and the change of the main conductivity mechanism from the translational to the localized electronic as the temperature is decreased are discussed. The difference of ionic mobility in (AgCl)_0.05(AgPO₃)_0.95 and (AgBr)_0.05(AgPO₃)_0.95 glass matrices is detected only in the difference in translational motion, while the localized motion is the same for the two glasses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"130 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gravitational waves from axion wave production","authors":"Mingqiu Li,&nbsp;Sichun Sun,&nbsp;Qi-Shu Yan,&nbsp;Zhijie Zhao","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13521-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13521-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider a scenario with axions/axion-like particles Chern–Simons gravity coupling, such that gravitational waves can be produced directly from axion wave parametric resonance in the early universe after inflation. This axion gravity term is less constrained compared to the well-searched axion photon coupling and can provide a direct and efficient production channel for gravitational waves. Such stochastic gravitational waves can be detected by either space/ground-based gravitational wave detectors or pulsar timing arrays for a broad range of axion masses and decay constants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13521-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phenomenological analysis of LHC neutrino scattering at NLO accuracy matched to parton showers","authors":"Melissa van Beekveld,&nbsp;Silvia Ferrario Ravasio,&nbsp;Eva Groenendijk,&nbsp;Peter Krack,&nbsp;Juan Rojo,&nbsp;Valentina Schütze Sánchez","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13386-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13386-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We perform a detailed phenomenological study of high-energy neutrino deep inelastic scattering (DIS) focused on LHC far-forward experiments such as FASER<span>(nu )</span> and SND@LHC. To this aim, we parametrise the neutrino fluxes reaching these LHC far-forward experiments in terms of ‘neutrino PDFs’ encoding their energy and rapidity dependence by means of the <span>LHAPDF</span> framework. We integrate these neutrino PDFs in the recently developed <span>POWHEG-BOX-RES</span> implementation of neutrino-induced DIS to produce predictions accurate at next-to-leading order (NLO) in the QCD coupling matched to parton showers (PS) with <span>Pythia8</span>. We present NLO+PS predictions for final-state distributions within the acceptance for FASER<span>(nu )</span> and SND@LHC as well as for two experiments of the proposed Forward Physics Facility (FPF), FASER<span>(nu )</span>2 and FLArE. We quantify the impact of NLO QCD corrections, of the parton showering and hadronisation settings in <span>Pythia8</span>, of the QED shower, and of the incoming neutrino flavour for the description of these observables, and compare our predictions with the <span>GENIE</span> neutrino event generator. Our work demonstrates the relevance of modern higher-order event generators to achieve the key scientific targets of the LHC neutrino experiments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13386-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dispersion phenomena in EIS and DIS spectra of porous materials and their representation as transmission line bases ‘diffusion’ elements– part II - a case study of proton conductors","authors":"Piotr Ryś,&nbsp;Jacek Kowalczyk,&nbsp;Maja Mroczkowska-Szerszeń,&nbsp;Marcin Kaczkan,&nbsp;Karolina Majewska,&nbsp;Piotr Moszczyński,&nbsp;Wojciech Pudełko,&nbsp;Maciej Siekierski","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08040-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08040-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Porosity of materials, understood as an overall averaged parameter or as the pore-size distribution related data is an important quality of numerous functional materials including proton conductive glasses. While most of the existing techniques applied for its assessment cannot be used to monitor the behaviour of ‘live’ systems in operando conditions, it is possible to use Electrochemical Immittance Spectroscopy (EIS) for this purpose. Nevertheless, analysis of these systems still requires an approximation made using transmission lines based models, which can be equated to specific diffusion elements parameters, which can in turn be related to qualities of the porous material investigated. The changes of these parameters can be correlated with various processes– such as dehydration and phase transitions or to the material’s processing history. In this part of the material we present a case study of highly grinded, mechanochemically processed powder-pressed proton conductors: phosphate-silicate glass and two uranyl based compounds– hydroxy phosphate (HUP) and hydroxy arsenate, delivering proof that the dispersive properties of proton transporting materials can be correlated with their dehydration processes, which were followed by means of FT-IR and terahertz time domain spectroscopies. </p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"130 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-024-08040-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthetic data generation with hybrid quantum-classical models for the financial sector","authors":"Otto M. Pires,&nbsp;Mauro Q. Nooblath,&nbsp;Yan Alef C. Silva,&nbsp;Maria Heloísa F. da Silva,&nbsp;Lucas Q. Galvão,&nbsp;Anton S. Albino","doi":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00786-1","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00786-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Data integrity and privacy are critical concerns in the financial sector. Traditional methods of data collection face challenges due to privacy regulations and time-consuming anonymization processes. In collaboration with Banco BV, we trained a hybrid quantum-classical generative adversarial network (HQGAN), where a quantum circuit serves as the generator and a classical neural network acts as the discriminator, to generate synthetic financial data efficiently and securely. We compared our proposed HQGAN model with a fully classical GAN by evaluating loss convergence and the MSE distance between the synthetic and real data. Although initially promising, our evaluation revealed that HQGAN failed to achieve the necessary accuracy to understand the intricate patterns in financial data. This outcome underscores the current limitations of quantum-inspired methods in handling the complexities of financial datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":787,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal B","volume":"97 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjb/s10051-024-00786-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142664429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of cosmological phase crossover during Bose–Einstein condensation of dark matter in Tsallis cosmology","authors":"Subhra Mondal,&nbsp;Amitava Choudhuri","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13567-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13567-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>During the cosmic evolution process, as the temperature of a cosmological boson gas falls below a certain threshold, a Bose–Einstein condensation process can occur at various points throughout the cosmic history of the Universe. In this model, dark matter, conceptualized as a non-relativistic, Newtonian gravitational condensate is governed by the Gross–Pitaevskii–Poisson system. In our present study, we investigate the Bose–Einstein condensation process of bosonic DM by treating it as an approximate first-order phase transition within a modified cosmological framework, known as Tsallis cosmology. We examine the evolution of relevant physical quantities characterizing the evolution dynamics of the Universe, including energy density, temperature, redshift, scale factor, Hubble parameter, and dimensionless deceleration parameter before, during, and following the Bose–Einstein condensation phase transition takes place. Additionally, we especially investigate the specific era of the evolution of the Universe characterized by a mixture of <i>normal</i> and condensate phases of dark matter. We analyze the behavior of temporal evolution of an important time-dependent parameter, called the condensate dark matter fraction throughout the condensation process and find the time duration of condensation of dark matter in the Tsallis cosmological model. We see that the presence of Bose–Einstein condensate dark matter in the framework of Tsallis-modified cosmology significantly alters the cosmological evolution of the Universe as compared to the standard model of cosmology. We also find for a typical value of Tsallis non-extensive parameter <span>(beta =0.35)</span>, the model could explain an accelerated Universe without invoking any additional energy component and solve the age problem of our Universe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13567-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tripartite measurement uncertainty in Schwarzschild space-time","authors":"Hazhir Dolatkhah,&nbsp;Artur Czerwinski,&nbsp;Asad Ali,&nbsp;Saif Al-Kuwari,&nbsp;Saeed Haddadi","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13554-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13554-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of Hawking radiation on tripartite measurement uncertainty in a Schwarzschild black hole background is analyzed in this study. Two scenarios are examined. In the first, quantum memory particles approach a Schwarzschild black hole and are positioned near the event horizon, while the particle being measured remains in the asymptotically flat region. In the second scenario, the measured particle moves toward the black hole, and the quantum memories stay in the asymptotically flat region. This study considers two initial quantum states, namely GHZ and W states. Our findings reveal that in both cases, measurement uncertainty increases steadily with rising Hawking temperature. When comparing the GHZ and W states, the GHZ state initially exhibits lower measurement uncertainty at low Hawking temperatures than the W state, indicating greater resilience to Hawking radiation. Additionally, when the quantum memories remain in the asymptotically flat region while the measured particle falls toward the black hole, the uncertainties for GHZ and W states do not align at high temperatures. The GHZ state consistently demonstrates lower measurement uncertainty, showcasing its superior robustness against Hawking radiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13554-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}