物理最新文献

{"title":"Publisher Erratum: Characterization of external cross-talk from silicon photomultipliers in a liquid xenon detector","authors":"D. Gallacher, A. de St. Croix, S. Bron, B. M. Rebeiro, T. McElroy, S. Al Kharusi, T. Brunner, C. Chambers, B. Chana, Z. Charlesworth, E. Egan, M. Francesconi, L. Galli, P. Giampa, D. Goeldi, S. Lavoie, J. Lefebvre, X. Li, C. Malbrunot, P. Margetak, N. Massacret, S. C. Nowicki, H. Rasiwala, K. Raymond, F. Retière, S. Rottoo, L. Rudolph, X. Shang, M. A. Tétrault, T. Totev, S. Viel, N. V. H. Viet","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14534-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14534-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14534-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Continuum laser absorption spectroscopy of C2(a3Πu) in a sublimating cloud of carbon black","authors":"Colton Willhardt, Neil Thakker, Nick Son, Adam Hammond-Clements, Kyle Daniel, Nick Glumac","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08542-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08542-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08542-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coherent control of the Goos–Hänchen shift and optical switching in a radio-frequency-driven four-level atomic system","authors":"Xuan-Xue Luo,&nbsp;Jia-Wen Luo,&nbsp;Yu-Qian He,&nbsp;Jie-Shan Chen,&nbsp;Rou-Rou Lv,&nbsp;Tao Shui,&nbsp;Wen-Xing Yang","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06762-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06762-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We propose an effective scheme to control the Goos–Hänchen (GH) shift of a reflected beam in a metal-clad waveguide structure. A cold atomic ensemble with a radio-frequency-driven four-level configuration is employed as the substrate. Under the action of the radio-frequency field, the GH shift of the reflected beam is sensitively dependent upon the relative phase of the applied fields. Combined with the relative phase, we can modulate the intensity of the radio-frequency field to achieve the coherent manipulation of GH shift. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that the magnitude, sign and position of the reflected GH shift can be coherently controlled via tuning the intensity of the driving field as well as the atomic density. Finally, we propose a scheme for such a configuration of the reflected GH shift as a family of optical switchings. Based on the numerical analysis, the average port spacing of the <span>(1times 4)</span> optical switching can reach approximately <span>(300lambda)</span> with <span>(lambda)</span> being the light wavelength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Schrödinger Equation for a Spherically Symmetric System, Its Structure and Solutions#","authors":"R. I. Ayala Oña,&nbsp;T. P. Shestakova","doi":"10.1134/S0202289325700185","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0202289325700185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Wheeler–DeWitt geometrodynamics, as the first attempt to develop a quantum theory of gravity, faces certain challenges, including the problem of time and interpretation of the wave function. In this paper, we present the extended phase space approach to quantization of gravity as an alternative approach to the Wheeler–DeWitt quantum geometrodynamics. For a space-time with a nontrivial topology, the Wheeler–DeWitt equation loses its sense, but we can derive the Schrödinger equation. Until now, the Schrödinger equation was derived for systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom, and we need to generalize the procedure for field models. The simplest field model is a spherically symmetric one. We derive the integro-differential Schrödinger equation for this model, examine its structure, and find its solution.</p>","PeriodicalId":583,"journal":{"name":"Gravitation and Cosmology","volume":"31 3","pages":"312 - 318"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On the Possible Anisotropy of the Unruh Radiation. Part III: A Screened Detector","authors":"E. E. Kholupenko","doi":"10.1134/S0202289325700239","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0202289325700239","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process of detection of Unruh radiation by a screened pointlike monopole detector with a narrow directivity pattern is considered for massive and massless scalar fields in (3+1)D space-time. The corresponding stationary energy-angular dependencies of the screened detector responses to the Unruh radiation are calculated numerically for massive and massless particles and are estimated analytically for massless particles. It is shown that in all cases the response is significantly anisotropic, and its energy profile strongly depends on the shape of the screening function. The corresponding brightness temperature of the observed Unruh radiation may exceed the Unruh temperature by orders of magnitude for a directivity pattern narrow enough. These points confirm that the Unruh radiation cannot be considered as thermal (equilibrium) radiation. The generation of the Unruh radiation is a pair production process that is symmetric and implies the existence of counterpart radiation going to infinity. The spectrum of this outgoing counterpart radiation also depends on the accelerated detector properties and, in principle, can be observed by detectors at rest in an initial Minkowski frame. This may allow one to detect and identify the counterpart radiation in particle accelerators in the future. The interaction of the Unruh radiation with an accelerated screened detector should lead to the emergence of a reaction force acting on this detector.</p>","PeriodicalId":583,"journal":{"name":"Gravitation and Cosmology","volume":"31 3","pages":"353 - 365"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy in Toy Regge models","authors":"M. A. Braun","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06725-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06725-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The probabilistic interpretation of the standard Regge-Gribov model with triple pomeron interactions is discussed. It is stated that introduction of probabilities within this model is not unique and depends on what is meant under the relevant substructures. The traditional interpretation in terms of partons (quarks and gluons) is shown to be external to the model, imported from the QCD, and actually referring to the single pomeron exchange without interactions. So this interpretation actually forgets the model as such. Alternative probabilities based on the pomerons as basic quantities within the model are discussed. Two different approaches are considered, based either on the pomerons in Fock’s expansion of the wave function or on pomeron propagators in Feynman diagrams. These pomeron probabilities and entropy turn out to be very different from the mentioned standard ones in the purely probabilistic treatment. The entropy, in particular, either rises with the rapidity and saturates at a certain fixed value or first rises, reaches some maximum and goes down to zero afterward. Possible observable manifestations of these probabilities and entropy are to be seen in the distributions of the cross-sections in powers <i>n</i> assuming that their dependence of the coupling constants <i>g</i> to the participants is presented as a series in <span>(g^n)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operators of Dirac’s theory with mass and axial chemical potential","authors":"Ion I. Cotăescu","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14607-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14607-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Dirac equation with mass and axial chemical potential is solved analytically, obtaining the mode spinors and the corresponding projection operators, giving the spectral representations of the principal conserved operators. In this framework, the odd partner of the Pryce spin operator is defined for the first time, showing how these operators may be combined for defining the particle and antiparticle spin and polarization operators of Dirac’s theory of massive fermions, either in the free case or in the presence of the axial chemical potential. The quantization procedure is applied in both these cases, obtaining two distinct operator algebras in which the particle and antiparticle spin and polarization operators take canonical forms. In this approach, statistical operators with independent particle and antiparticle vortical chemical potentials may be constructed.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14607-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photon Spheres near Black Holes in a Model with an Anisotropic Fluid","authors":"V. D. Ivashchuk,&nbsp;S. V. Bolokhov,&nbsp;F. B. Belissarova,&nbsp;N. Kydyrbay,&nbsp;A. N. Malybayev,&nbsp;G. S. Nurbakova,&nbsp;B. Zheng","doi":"10.1134/S0202289325700264","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0202289325700264","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This semi-review paper studies null geodesics which exist for black hole solutions in a gravitational 4D model with an anisotropic fluid. The equations of state for the fluid and the solutions depends on the integer parameter <span>(q=1,2,...)</span>: <span>(p_{r}=-rho c^{2}(2q-1)^{-1},quad p_{t}=-p_{r})</span>, where <span>(rho)</span> is the mass density, <span>(c)</span> is the speed of light, <span>(p_{r})</span> and <span>(p_{t})</span> are pressures in the radial and transverse directions, respectively. Circular null geodesics are explored, and a master equation for the radius <span>(r_{*})</span> of a photon sphere is found, as well as the proposition on the existence and uniqueness of a solution to the master equation, obeying <span>(r_{*}&gt;r_{h})</span>, where <span>(r_{h})</span> is the horizon radius. Relations for the spectrum of quasinormal modes for a test massless scalar field in the eikonal approximation are overviewed and compared with the cyclic frequencies of circular null geo desics. Shadow angles are explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":583,"journal":{"name":"Gravitation and Cosmology","volume":"31 3","pages":"392 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of solution molarity on structural and optical properties of sol–gel derived WO3 thin films","authors":"İmran Kanmaz,&nbsp;Gökhan Apaydin,&nbsp;Murat Tomakin","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06672-8","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06672-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, WO₃ thin films were successfully grown on p-type Si at five different concentrations, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 M, using the sol–gel method. The results were characterized structurally, morphologically and optically. Structural and morphological measurements confirmed the successful coating of thin films, while optical characterizations were carried out with reflectance, transmittance and absorption analyses depending on molarity. As a result of the reflectance measurements, the lowest reflectance ratio of 11.88% was obtained in WO₃ thin films with 0.2 M concentration. Considering the reflectance ratio of 39.16% on the uncoated silicon surface, this result shows a decrease in reflectance of approximately 70%. WO₃ thin films exhibited high absorption properties, especially in the UV region, with increasing molarity, while exhibiting high optical transmittance in the wavelength range of 450–1000 nm. The band gap values ​​obtained from the transmittance curves showed an increasing trend in the range of 0.10–0.25 M with the effect of increasing molarity, and a band gap value of 2.53 eV was obtained for the 0.20 M WO₃ thin films determined as optimum.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144990432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closed String Approximation in the Skyrme–Faddeev Chiral Model: Charged Lepton Sector","authors":"Yu. P. Rybakov","doi":"10.1134/S0202289325700161","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0202289325700161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>As a possible realization of Einstein’s idea of representing particles as solitons, i.e., clots of some nonlinear universal field, the Brioschi 16-spinors are introduced, these complex projective coordinates in the 8-geometry being well suited for the role of that fundamental “unitary field.” Within the scope of the 16-spinor realization of the Skyrme–Faddeev chiral model (SFCM), it is suggested to describe the family of charged leptons, including the electron, the muon and the taon, as topological solitons endowed with the Hopf topological invariant <span>(Q_{textrm{H}})</span>, which can be interpreted, following Faddeev, as the lepton number <span>(mathbb{L})</span>. For constructing axially symmetric topological soliton configurations, group theoretical analysis based on the Coleman–Palais principle of symmetric criticality is applied. Taking into account that according to Faddeev’s suggestion, these soliton configurations should have a closed string structure, the corresponding approximation method is used, its effectiveness being proven. Finally, spins and masses of the soliton configurations are found.</p>","PeriodicalId":583,"journal":{"name":"Gravitation and Cosmology","volume":"31 3","pages":"283 - 290"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144934672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}