物理最新文献

{"title":"The codoping of Bi3+ to enhance the long afterglow performance of LiTaO3:Er3+","authors":"Lifang Yuan,&nbsp;Junzhong Wang,&nbsp;Zhijin Huang,&nbsp;Kaixiang Shen","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08616-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08616-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Long afterglow phosphors have garnered significant attention for their ability to emit light long after excitation ceases. Afterglow emission relies on metastable trap levels within the bandgap of the host materials. Effective trap engineering strategies to optimize traps are critical in determining the afterglow performance. In this study, we investigate the codoping of Bi³⁺ and Er³⁺ into LiTaO₃ to enhance afterglow performance. Through high-temperature solid-state synthesis, a series of LiTaO₃:x%Bi³⁺, y%Er³⁺ (x = 0 or 0.5%, y = 0.1–4.0%) samples were prepared successfully. Structural characterization confirmed the successful incorporation of Bi³⁺ and Er³⁺ into the Li⁺ sites without disrupting the host lattice. Photoluminescence studies revealed that Bi³⁺ codoping significantly enhances the green emission of Er³⁺, with optimal performance achieved at 1.0% Er³⁺ doping. Thermoluminescence (TL) analysis demonstrated the presence of traps with the depth of 0.748 eV, enabling prolonged afterglow emission at room temperature. The afterglow mechanism involves charge carrier storage in traps under UV excitation, followed by thermal release and recombination at luminescent centers, facilitated by energy transfer from Bi³⁺ to Er³⁺. This work provides a strategy for designing a long afterglow phosphor through controlled codoping, offering insights into trap engineering and energy transfer processes in perovskite-based luminescent materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized VGG features with SpikeGoogle-Deep CNN for Alzheimer’s disease detection","authors":"S. L. Abhaya,&nbsp;T. Dhiliphan Rajkumar","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06359-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06359-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generally, neurodegenerative syndrome referred to as Alzheimer’s syndrome affects neuron cells in a discriminating form. Gradually, the number of patients is rising, and thus, Alzheimer’s is referred to as a universal complicated issue that might be a reason for mortality in numerous scenarios. Moreover, a speedy and precise recognition and classification of Alzheimer’s disease encompass attained massive attentiveness from researchers because of studies of a deep approach. Nonetheless, effective detection of Alzheimer’s disease with accurate biomarkers is highly complicated. This paper introduces a deep learning approach for detection of Alzheimer’s disease. Primarily, input subsequently delineates calculation of filter extents of feature map, subsequent to convolution operation. Images are pre-processed by adopting process of realignment, normalization and smoothing. Subsequently, feature extraction is performed by adopting VGG-16 that is trained by gold rush optimizer algorithm. Finally, Alzheimer’s disease detection is performed by proposed hybrid deep learning model named SpikeGoogle-Deep CNN model that is developed by hybridizing SpikeGoogle and Deep Convolutional Neural Network (Deep CNN) architectures. Ultimately, experimentation is done and it states that proposed technique achieved a better accuracy of 0.953, sensitivity of 0.972 and specificity of 0.936.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"140 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beam test studies for a SiPM-based RICH detector prototype for the future ALICE 3 experiment","authors":"A. R. Altamura,&nbsp;L. Congedo,&nbsp;G. De Robertis,&nbsp;D. Di Bari,&nbsp;A. Di Mauro,&nbsp;M. Giliberti,&nbsp;J. O. Guerra-Pulido,&nbsp;F. Licciulli,&nbsp;L. Lorusso,&nbsp;P. Martinengo,&nbsp;M. N. Mazziotta,&nbsp;E. Nappi,&nbsp;N. Nicassio,&nbsp;G. Paić,&nbsp;G. Panzarini,&nbsp;R. Pillera,&nbsp;G. Volpe","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14287-7","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14287-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ALICE Collaboration is proposing a completely new apparatus, ALICE 3, for the LHC Runs 5 and beyond. In this context, a key subsystem for high-energy charged particle identification will be a proximity-focusing ring-imaging Cherenkov detector using aerogel as radiator and silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) as photon sensors. We assembled a small-scale prototype instrumented with Hamamatsu S13352 and S13361-3075AE-08 SiPM arrays, readout by custom boards equipped with front-end Petiroc 2A ASICs. The Cherenkov radiator consisted of a 2 cm thick hydrophobic aerogel tile with a refractive index of 1.03 separated from the SiPM plane by a 23 cm expansion gap. The prototype was successfully tested in a campaign at the CERN PS T10 beam line with the goal of validating the design bRICH specifications in terms to achieve the target separation power. We measured a single photon angular resolution of 3.8 mrad at the Cherenkov angle saturation value of 242 mrad, as well as the expected scaling of the angular resolution with the increasing number of detected photons. We also studied the contribution of uncorrelated and correlated background sources with respect to the signal and proved the effectiveness of time matching between charged tracks and photon hits to achieve efficient suppression of the SiPM dark count rate background. In this paper, the detector concept, the description of the tested prototype layout and the main beam test results are reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"85 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-025-14287-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crust (unified) tool for equation-of-state reconstruction (CUTER) v2","authors":"Philip J. Davis,&nbsp;Hoa Dinh Thi,&nbsp;Anthea F. Fantina,&nbsp;Francesca Gulminelli,&nbsp;Micaela Oertel,&nbsp;Lami Suleiman","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01562-0","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01562-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The equation of state (EoS) is a needed input to determine the neutron-star global properties and to relate them. It is thus important to provide thermodynamically consistent and unified EoSs to avoid possible biases in the analyses coming from the use of inconsistent EoSs. We propose a numerical tool, <span>CUTER</span>, allowing the user to consistently match a nuclear-physics informed crust to an arbitrary higher density EoS. We present here the second version of this tool, <span>CUTER v2</span>. Two functionalities are available with the <span>CUTER v2</span> tool, allowing the user to reconstruct either the whole (outer and inner) crust, or the outer crust only. We show that the code, that has been tested and validated for use by the astrophysical community, is able to efficiently perform both tasks, allowing the computation of neutron-star global properties in a consistent way.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transfer matrix method as an unified method for determination of bound, antibound, resonance, decay half-life, fusion and elastic scattering cross sections","authors":"V. Dehghani,&nbsp;S. A. Alavi,&nbsp;A. Soylu,&nbsp;F. Koyuncu","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01573-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-025-01573-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transfer matrix method as a simple but strong unified method for determination of bound, antibound, resonance states, decay half-life, fusion and elastic scattering cross sections was investigated. This method gives the coefficients of linear combinations of ingoing and outgoing waves at each point. In any case by imposing the unique boundary conditions the physical quantities were obtained based on the behavior of the coefficient at the end point for eigenvalue problems or precise value of these coefficients for tunneling and scattering. In any case the results of the transfer matrix method were compared with the corresponding prevalent method and a nice coincidence but with very simple formalism were observed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"61 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction Note: Development of environmental friendly Mo-doped MnO2 via hydrothermal route for supercapacitor as pollution-free source of energy","authors":"F. F. Alharbi,&nbsp;Muhammad Abdullah,&nbsp;Salma Aman,&nbsp;Soumaya Gouadria,&nbsp;Asma Sadaf,&nbsp;Taha Abdel Mohaymen Taha,&nbsp;Hafiz Muhammad Tahir Farid","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08631-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08631-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evidence of samarium substitution defect contributing to local structural-polar heterogeneity and Tc in Sm-doped 0.68PMN-0.32PT ceramics compensated by B-site vacancies","authors":"Jing Yang,&nbsp;Wenjun Wang,&nbsp;Yan Li,&nbsp;Shaorong Feng,&nbsp;Tao Zhang,&nbsp;Xuping Niu,&nbsp;Min Li,&nbsp;Li’An Han,&nbsp;Xingzhong Cao,&nbsp;Runsheng Yu,&nbsp;Baoyi Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08552-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08552-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>B-site vacancy is introduced by component design to provide an easy way to detect samarium substitution defects in Sm-doped 0.68PMN-0.32PT ceramics (The optimum d₃₃ = 1004 pC/N for x = 0.025). The thorough examination of defects through positron annihilation lifetime and coincidence Doppler broadening spectroscopy indicates that with increasing Sm doping, defects as well as <span>(V_B^{''''})</span> related defects increase, while <span>(V_A^{''})</span> and <span>($$V_o^{ bullet bullet }$$)</span> decrease. The correlation analysis between the variation of defects and the results of dielectric, piezoelectric and ferroelectric tests offers powerful and conclusive proof that defects contribute to the local structural heterogeneity as well as the variation of T_C. The variation of ferroelectric, dielectric and piezoelectric parameters with Sm-doping content is ascribed to the superposition effect of the contribution from <span>(Sm_{Pb}^ cdot)</span> defects and the contribution from <span>($$V_A^{''},V_B^{''''},V_o^{ bullet bullet }$$)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction of a two-color laser with aluminum nitride crystal leading to THz radiation","authors":"A. R. Soltany-Sadrabadi,&nbsp;F. M. Aghamir","doi":"10.1007/s00340-025-08484-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00340-025-08484-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Generation of THz waves from interaction of a two-color laser with aluminum nitride crystal has been investigated theoretically. The focus of study has been directed towards exploring the potential of nonlinear optical difference frequency generation for emission in the THz spectrum. Leveraging Sellmeier's dispersion formula, an in-depth analysis of refractive index behavior was conducted. The analysis revealed the conditions for phase matching within the range of 0.5–12 THz for 1064 nm laser wavelength at room temperature. The maximum walk-off angle was verified 0.5°, suitable for co-linear wave interactions. The Manley–Row equations were applied, showcasing energy conversion efficiency in the order of <span>({10}^{-3})</span> in an ideal lossless medium and <span>({10}^{-5})</span> when accounting for losses. The quasi-phase matching (QPM) technique was utilized to enhance the quality of analysis and establishing an optimal periodicity wavelength. This adjustment facilitated tuning within the range 54–68 THz for 1064 nm by manipulating the temperature. The saturated conversion efficiency was around 13%, while with the effects of losses considered, the efficiency dropped to values ranging from 3 to 7%, with a peak value around 9%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":474,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics B","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00340-025-08484-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calorimetric wire detector for measurement of atomic hydrogen beams","authors":"M. Astaschov,&nbsp;S. Bhagvati,&nbsp;S. Böser,&nbsp;M. J. Brandsema,&nbsp;R. Cabral,&nbsp;C. Claessens,&nbsp;L. de Viveiros,&nbsp;S. Enomoto,&nbsp;D. Fenner,&nbsp;M. Fertl,&nbsp;J. A. Formaggio,&nbsp;B. T. Foust,&nbsp;J. K. Gaison,&nbsp;P. Harmston,&nbsp;K. M. Heeger,&nbsp;M. B. Hüneborn,&nbsp;X. Huyan,&nbsp;A. M. Jones,&nbsp;B. J. P. Jones,&nbsp;E. Karim,&nbsp;K. Kazkaz,&nbsp;P. Kern,&nbsp;M. Li,&nbsp;A. Lindman,&nbsp;C.-Y. Liu,&nbsp;A. Marsteller,&nbsp;C. Matthé,&nbsp;R. Mohiuddin,&nbsp;B. Monreal,&nbsp;B. Mucogllava,&nbsp;R. Mueller,&nbsp;A. Negi,&nbsp;J. A. Nikkel,&nbsp;N. S. Oblath,&nbsp;M. Oueslati,&nbsp;J. I. Peña,&nbsp;W. Pettus,&nbsp;R. Reimann,&nbsp;A. L. Reine,&nbsp;R. G. H. Robertson,&nbsp;D. Rosa De Jesús,&nbsp;L. Saldaña,&nbsp;P. L. Slocum,&nbsp;F. Spanier,&nbsp;J. Stachurska,&nbsp;Y.-H. Sun,&nbsp;P. T. Surukuchi,&nbsp;A. B. Telles,&nbsp;F. Thomas,&nbsp;L. A. Thorne,&nbsp;T. Thümmler,&nbsp;W. Van De Pontseele,&nbsp;B. A. VanDevender,&nbsp;T. E. Weiss,&nbsp;M. Wynne,&nbsp;A. Ziegler,&nbsp;(Project 8 Collaboration)","doi":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00987-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00987-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A calorimetric detector for minimally disruptive measurements of atomic hydrogen beams is described. The calorimeter measures heat released by the recombination of hydrogen atoms into molecules on a thin wire. As a demonstration, the angular distribution of a beam with a peak intensity of <span>(approx 10^{16} ,{textrm{atoms}}/{(textrm{cm}^2 textrm{s})})</span> is measured by translating the wire across the beam. The data agree well with an analytic model of the beam from the thermal hydrogen atom source. Using the beam shape model, the relative intensity of the beam can be determined to 5% precision or better at any angle.</p>","PeriodicalId":789,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal D","volume":"79 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjd/s10053-025-00987-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and magnetic properties of PVP capped Ni0.6Zn0.2Sb0.2Fe2O4 nanoferrites","authors":"L. W. El Khatib,&nbsp;A. M. Abdallah,&nbsp;M. Noun,&nbsp;Nour El Ghouch,&nbsp;G. O. Younes,&nbsp;R. Awad","doi":"10.1007/s00339-025-08613-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-025-08613-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The co-precipitation method was used to synthesize Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ nanoparticles capped with different concentrations of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) (0-2.414 mM). X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) determined that the addition of the PVP capping agent caused an increase in the weight% of the main phase (Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄) and a decrease in the weight% of the secondary phase (hematite phase (α-Fe₂O₃)) in all samples compared to P0 (0 mM). The P7 sample (0.3451 mM) registered the highest percentage of the main phase (98.48%) and the lowest percentage of the secondary phase (1.52%). The increase in PVP concentrations caused a decrease in the porosity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed the formation of spherical-shaped nanoferrites. Also, it confirmed that PVP improved the shape of the particles and tended to slightly increase their size with the P7 sample having the greatest particle size (18.320 nm). The selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns proved the formation of nanoferrites of polycrystalline nature. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) proved the purity of the synthesized nanoferrites. The oxidation state (Ni²⁺, Ni³⁺, Zn²⁺, Sb³⁺, Fe^3+, and O²⁻) and the elemental composition of the synthesized nanoferrites were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Moreover, the functional groups were analyzed via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Raman spectroscopy technique identified the presence of four phonon modes: two A_1g and two F_2g. The vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) proved that all samples attained a weak ferromagnetic behavior, which was modeled by the Law of approach to saturation. Sample P7 exhibited the highest saturation magnetization value of 43.968 emu/g, making it the best sample for magnetic applications and recording devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144135451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}