物理最新文献

{"title":"Effect of interfacial microstructure on TiAl-Ti3Al biphase alloy was studied via molecular dynamics","authors":"Min Zheng,&nbsp;Tao Zheng,&nbsp;Weihua Chen,&nbsp;Dingfeng Qu,&nbsp;Wenyuan Chen,&nbsp;Zongxiao Zhu","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08173-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08173-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The TiAl-Ti₃Al biphase alloy is widely used in high-tech fields. The evolution of its interfacial microstructure affects alloy performance. But the impact of the biphase interfacial microstructure on mechanical properties under external forces is unknown. For the purpose of attaining a more profound comprehension of TiAl alloys and facilitating their extensive employment. In this work, the evolution of the γ(TiAl)/α₂(Ti₃Al) interface microstructure under external force was investigated by the nanoindentation model of MD simulation. The results showed that the γ(TiAl)/α₂(Ti₃Al) interface microstructure can hinder the motion of interface atoms under the spherical nanoindenter’s action. The atoms moved parallel to the interface, enhancing the alloy’s deformation resistance. During indentation, dislocations slipped from the Ti₃Al phase to the TiAl phase, but not vice versa. Moreover, the phase difference led to significantly different elastic recovery rates, shear strains, and plastic deformation capabilities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00339-024-08173-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azobenzene-Based Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Blockers with Light-Controlled Local Anesthetic and Antiarrhythmic Activity","authors":"A. N. Noev,&nbsp;S. G. Kovalenko,&nbsp;E. D. Gataulina,&nbsp;E. A. Turchaninova,&nbsp;V. D. Dzhabrailov,&nbsp;A. A. Aitova,&nbsp;D. A. Likhobabina,&nbsp;J. A. Sutemieva,&nbsp;S. R. Frolova,&nbsp;L. E. Ruppel,&nbsp;D. A. Minakov,&nbsp;N. V. Suvorov,&nbsp;P. V. Ostroverkhov,&nbsp;Yu. L. Vasil’ev,&nbsp;M. V. Nikolaev,&nbsp;V. A. Tsvelaya,&nbsp;K. I. Agladze,&nbsp;M. A. Grin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350924700568","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350924700568","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The work is devoted to the synthesis of new light-controlled voltage-gated sodium (Na_v) channel blockers based on azobenzene and the study of their local anesthetic and antiarrhythmic properties. The effect of ethercaine and two of its new derivatives on native Na_v channels was studied in vitro using the patch-clamp method on isolated excitable cells (neurons and cardiomyocytes) of a rat, and local anesthetic activity of the compounds was evaluated on rabbit’s eye cornea. Studies of the effect of the obtained compounds on the conductivity of excitation waves in cardiomyocyte cultures using the optical mapping method were performed. The effective light-dependent biological activity of ethercaine and its derivatives allows us to consider the resulting compounds as potential tools for light-controlled local anesthesia, as well as for non-invasive ablation of arrhythmia in the heart in cardiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"69 3","pages":"485 - 503"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Entropy optimisation of a viscous bioconvective nanofluid flow with Coriolis and Lorentz forces using bivariate spectral quasi-linearisation technique","authors":"Shweta Mishra,&nbsp;Hiranmoy Mondal,&nbsp;Prabir Kumar Kundu","doi":"10.1007/s12043-024-02855-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12043-024-02855-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article carried out an investigation on the entropy optimisation and effects of Hall current followed by other key parameters on an electrically conducting rotational viscous nanofluid containing micro-organisms combined with different Biot numbers at the boundary layers. The governing mathematical model is converted into nonlinear coupled ordinary differential equations followed by boundary conditions using similarity transformation. Further, the obtained equations are numerically solved by the bivariate spectral quasi-linearisation method (BSQLM). The effect of key parameters has been analysed graphically. A decrease in the flow rate and an increase in both temperature and solute profiles are perceived, corresponding to thermal and solutal Biot numbers, respectively. Moreover, favourable outcomes are also observed for the generation of entropy for different Reynolds and Brinkman numbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":743,"journal":{"name":"Pramana","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lepton flavor-violating Higgs decays mediated by ultralight gauge boson","authors":"Marcela Marín,&nbsp;R. Gaitán,&nbsp;R. Martinez","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13665-x","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13665-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present an analysis of the lepton-flavor violating decay of the Higgs boson mediated by an ultralight gauge boson, <span>(chi )</span>. Our analysis matches a model generating the lepton flavor-violating interaction <span>(bar{ell }_iell _jchi )</span> at tree level with an effective field theory, safeguarding a physical massless <span>(chi )</span>-boson limit of the observables. By utilizing the upper bounds on <span>(Hrightarrow ell _i {bar{ell }}_j)</span> decays from CMS and ATLAS Collaborations, we establish an indirect upper limit on the nonstandard decay <span>(Hrightarrow ell _i {bar{ell }}_jchi )</span>. The analysis encompasses various observables such as the lepton energy spectrum, Dalitz plot distribution, and Lepton Charge and Forward-Backward Asymmetries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13665-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Searching for dark torsion signatures at LIGO in Nieh–Yan teleparallel chiral gravitational waves and Chern–Simons invariants","authors":"L. C. Garcia de Andrade","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13481-3","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13481-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Romano has recently found that frequency modulation of gravitational waves (GWs) could be used as a dark matter probe. Many candidates for dark matter (DM) of various sources have been proposed in the literature. In this work, we use a teleparallel modified GW model to obtain DM dark torsion from LIGO data, where frequency modulation and frequency bands from various sources of GWs are investigated with regard to their suitability for DM dark torsion detection. In particular, nonhomogeneous and nonuniform chiral chemical potential generates GWs and dark torsion from primordial magnetic fields. It is shown that pulsar sources for GWs bathing the surface of the Earth on a contortion background of <span>(10^{-15},textrm{s}^{-1})</span> possess amplitudes well within the parameters of LIGO capabilities of amplitudes on the order of <span>(10^{-22})</span>. GWs are also investigated in the context of having been produced by a primordial magnetic field and inhomogeneity on the chiral chemical potential. The torsion signatures at LIGO correspond to the amplitude dependence of massive torsion by GWs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13481-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Involvement of Carbonic Anhydrases in Chloroplasts of C3 Higher Plants in Adaptation Changes of Photosynthetic Reactions","authors":"B. N. Ivanov,&nbsp;N. N. Rudenko","doi":"10.1134/S0006350924700477","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350924700477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Data are presented that indicate that when the vegetation conditions of plants change, the expression levels of genes encoding chloroplast carbonic anhydrases, as well as the carbonic anhydrase activity of chloroplast compartments, change. The results of experiments with mutants in the genes of chloroplast carbonic anhydrases indicate that the activity of chloroplast carbonic anhydrases determines the nature of changes in photosynthesis reactions in response to changes in environmental conditions. Possible mechanisms of carbonic anhydrase participation in the light-dependent processes in the chloroplast are proposed. Based on the results we obtained, a hypothesis has been proposed about the interrelated functioning of carbonic anhydrases in chloroplasts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"69 3","pages":"390 - 400"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A rapid radiation epidemiology tool for the analysis of the propagation of radiation following a radiological dispersal device explosion","authors":"Riccardo Quaranta,&nbsp;Gian Marco Ludovici,&nbsp;Luca Romano,&nbsp;Guglielmo Manenti,&nbsp;Andrea Malizia","doi":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05905-6","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjp/s13360-024-05905-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Given the current state of global concerns, it is evident that the potential for attacks employing radiological dispersal devices (RDDs) against vulnerable targets, such as population and soft targets, is no longer a distant possibility. Thus, it is crucial for first responders and decision makers to rapidly understand how radiation can propagate across great distances in limited timeframes to effectively manage emergencies. By utilizing free-license computational codes, deliberate releases of radioactive material and their transmission from person to person might be simulated. In this study, the HotSpot code is employed to simulate a scenario involving the release of Co-60 subsequent to a RDD explosion in the city center of a major European city. Subsequently, the STEM code is used to simulate the spread of radiation from unaware individuals initially involved in the incident, comparing them to carriers of a chimeric viral infection specifically defined for this study. An attack in which 5000, 2500, and 1000 people are affected, respectively, is assumed for the scenarios. The recovery rates, mortality rates, and propagation of the radioactive substance throughout the territory are considered for a timeline of one month. The findings highlighted that, while the scenarios resulted in relatively minor health impacts for the affected population, they presented numerous challenges in emergency management as the spread of radiation extended to areas relatively far from the initial event over the considered timeframe. The combined use of HotSpot and STEM appeared to be a promising rapid radiation epidemiology tool for analyzing radiation propagation following a RDD explosion. Such a tool could greatly aid in the effective management of incidents of this nature.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":792,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal Plus","volume":"139 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142859436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Random files for fission fragment evaporation in TALYS: a total Monte Carlo approach","authors":"P. Karlsson,&nbsp;A. Al-Adili,&nbsp;A. Göök,&nbsp;Z. Gao,&nbsp;S. Pomp,&nbsp;H. Sjöstrand,&nbsp;A. Solders,&nbsp;A. Koning","doi":"10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01451-y","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01451-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we have applied the Total Monte Carlo (TMC) methodology in the simulation of the de-excitation process of primary fission fragments (FF) within the TALYS code. Our objective was to develop a method for assessing fission model deficiencies and parameter sensitivities. The input fission fragment data used by TALYS were systematically varied. This was done using the GEF code to generate 10,000 random files by randomizing the 94 model parameters of GEF that influence both fission yields and their energy distributions. The GEF parameters were varied randomly within 3% of the default value, assuming a normal probability distribution. As a result of this parameter variation, significant changes could be identified for several observables, including the multiplicities of <span>(gamma )</span> rays and prompt neutrons, as well as their spectra. Additionally, we investigate the impact of angular momentum distribution on the de-excitation data of both GEF and TALYS. Finally, we present an attempt to construct a best parameter file benchmarked against evaluated nuclear data files.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":786,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal A","volume":"60 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epja/s10050-024-01451-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the improvement of superconducting properties of Nb3Al by introducing non-metallic elements iodine","authors":"Yiming Guo,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Yong Zhao,&nbsp;Mei Huang,&nbsp;Min Xu,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00339-024-08166-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00339-024-08166-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This research employed the powder-in-tube (PIT) method to facilitate the introduction of the non-metallic element iodine (I) into the preparation of Nb₃Al superconducting wires. After heating in a tube furnace, a rapid heating, quenching, and transformation (RHQT) treatment was conducted. It was observed that as the quantity of iodine introduced increased, the extent of the Nb/Al reaction also rose, indicating that a certain amount of iodine can be introduced to facilitate the Nb/Al reaction, thereby enabling Nb to react more fully with Al in the subsequent process and generating a Nb₃Al superconducting phase that is closer to the stoichiometric ratio. Wires with iodine contents of 1.0 wt%, 1.5 wt%, and 2.0 wt% exhibited a diffusion layer at the Nb/Al interface after heating in a tube furnace at 1000 °C for 30 min. The primary component of the diffusion layer was Nb₂Al. No diffusion layer was observed in the pure sample or in the group with 0.5 wt% I. However, a eutectic phase was present at the edge of Nb and Al. The wires with 1.0 wt% and 1.5 wt% I exhibited higher critical temperatures (<i>T</i>_<i>c</i>) of 18.236 K and 17.421 K, respectively, than the pure sample. Additionally, they demonstrated superior critical current density (<i>J</i>_c) properties compared to the pure sample.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":473,"journal":{"name":"Applied Physics A","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of (heavy) primaries in ultra high energy cosmic rays","authors":"Blaž Bortolato,&nbsp;Jernej F. Kamenik,&nbsp;Michele Tammaro","doi":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13663-z","DOIUrl":"10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13663-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Measurements of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECR) suggest a complex composition with significant contributions from heavy nuclei at the highest energies. We systematically explore how the selection and number of primary nuclei included in the analysis impact the inferred UHECR mass composition. Introducing a distance measure in the space of <span>(X_textrm{max})</span> distribution moments, we demonstrate that limiting the analysis to a few primaries can introduce significant biases, particularly as observational data improves. We provide lists of primaries approximately equidistant in the new measure, which guaranty unbiased results at given statistical confidence. Additionally, we explore consistent inclusion of nuclei heavier than iron and up to plutonium, deriving first observational upper bounds on their contributions to UHECR with the Pierre Auger Open Data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":788,"journal":{"name":"The European Physical Journal C","volume":"84 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1140/epjc/s10052-024-13663-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}