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Revisiting dexamethasone dosage in COVID-19 management. 重新审视地塞米松在COVID-19管理中的剂量。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98359
Abhishet Varama
{"title":"Revisiting dexamethasone dosage in COVID-19 management.","authors":"Abhishet Varama","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98359","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.98359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has necessitated rapid advancements in therapeutic strategies, with dexamethasone emerging as a key treatment for severe cases. This editorial discusses the systematic review conducted by Sethi <i>et al</i>, published in the <i>World Journal of Virology</i>. The review critically examines the efficacy and safety of varying dosages of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 patients, providing a comprehensive meta-analysis that underscores the current clinical recommendations favoring a low-dose regimen. Despite these findings, the review highlights the potential benefits of tailored dosages for specific patient subgroups, suggesting a need for personalized treatment approaches. This editorial expands on the implications of these findings, advocating for the integration of evolving clinical data into treatment protocols and calling for further research into patient-specific responses to therapy. It emphasizes the importance of adaptability and precision in pandemic response, urging the medical community to consider both the robustness of existing evidence and the potential for innovative approaches to enhance patient outcomes in the face of global health challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"98359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Pathogenesis, transmission and public health challenges. 克里米亚-刚果出血热:发病机制、传播和公共卫生挑战。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100003
Sita Kumari Karanam, Kandra Nagvishnu, Praveen Kumar Uppala, Sandhya Edhi, Srinivasa Rao Varri
{"title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Pathogenesis, transmission and public health challenges.","authors":"Sita Kumari Karanam, Kandra Nagvishnu, Praveen Kumar Uppala, Sandhya Edhi, Srinivasa Rao Varri","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100003","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dangerous Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), an encapsulated negative-sense RNA virus of the family Nairoviridae, is transmitted from person to person <i>via</i> ticks. With a case fatality rate between 10% to 40%, the most common ways that the disease may spread to humans are <i>via</i> tick bites or coming into touch with infected animals' blood or tissues. Furthermore, the transfer of bodily fluids between individuals is another potential route of infection. There is a wide range of symptoms experienced by patients throughout each stage, from myalgia and fever to extreme bruising and excess bleeding. Tick management measures include minimising the spread of ticks from one species to another and from people to animals <i>via</i> the use of protective clothing, repellents, and proper animal handling. In order to prevent the spread of illness, healthcare workers must adhere to stringent protocols. Despite the lack of an authorised vaccine, the main components of treatment now consist of preventative measures and supportive care, which may include the antiviral medicine ribavirin. We still don't know very much about the virus's mechanisms, even though advances in molecular virology and animal models have improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of CCHFV. A critical need for vaccination that is both safe and effective, as well as for quick diagnosis and efficient treatments to lessen the disease's impact in areas where it is most prevalent. Important steps towards lowering Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever mortality and morbidity rates were to anticipatethe future availability of immunoglobulin products.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100003"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612873/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Rhabdomyolysis-related acute kidney injury in COVID-19: A critical concern. COVID-19中横纹肌溶解相关的急性肾损伤:一个关键问题。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100160
Md Safiullah Sarker
{"title":"Rhabdomyolysis-related acute kidney injury in COVID-19: A critical concern.","authors":"Md Safiullah Sarker","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100160","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rhabdomyolysis is a severe condition characterized by the breakdown of muscle tissue leading to the release of intracellular components into the bloodstream. This condition, when associated with acute kidney injury (AKI), can result in significant morbidity and mortality, particularly in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This editorial discusses a retrospective study on patients with COVID-19 who developed rhabdomyolysis-related AKI. The study highlights that patients with rhabdomyolysis exhibited higher inflammatory markers, such as C-reactive protein, ferritin, and procalcitonin, and experienced worse clinical outcomes compared to those with other causes of AKI. The findings underscore the importance of early recognition and management of rhabdomyolysis in COVID-19 patients to improve prognosis and reduce mortality rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Serological surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among students, faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic. 在大流行期间对大型大学系统内学生、教职员工进行SARS-CoV-2抗体的血清学监测。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100338
Marcos G Pinheiro, Gabriela G O Alves, Maria Eduarda R Conde, Sofia L Costa, Regina C S Sant'Anna, Isa M F Antunes, Mônica C Carneiro, Fabio S Ronzei, Julia C Scaffo, Felipe R Pinheiro, Lialyz S Andre, Helvecio C Povoa, Valéria T Baltar, Fabíola Giordani, Eduarda S Hemerly, Gisele C Alexandre, Karla C de Paula, Márcio Watanabe, Antonio Claudio L da Nóbrega, Jackeline Christiane P Lobato, Fabio Aguiar-Alves
{"title":"Serological surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among students, faculty and staff within a large university system during the pandemic.","authors":"Marcos G Pinheiro, Gabriela G O Alves, Maria Eduarda R Conde, Sofia L Costa, Regina C S Sant'Anna, Isa M F Antunes, Mônica C Carneiro, Fabio S Ronzei, Julia C Scaffo, Felipe R Pinheiro, Lialyz S Andre, Helvecio C Povoa, Valéria T Baltar, Fabíola Giordani, Eduarda S Hemerly, Gisele C Alexandre, Karla C de Paula, Márcio Watanabe, Antonio Claudio L da Nóbrega, Jackeline Christiane P Lobato, Fabio Aguiar-Alves","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100338","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>At the end of December 2019, the world faced severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which led to the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), associated with respiratory issues. This virus has shown significant challenges, especially for senior citizens, patients with other underlying illnesses, or those with a sedentary lifestyle. Serological tests conducted early on have helped identify how the virus is transmitted and how to curb its spread. The study hypothesis was that the rapid serological test for SARS-CoV-2 antibodies could indicate the immunoreactive profile during the COVID-19 pandemic in a university population.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To conduct active surveillance for serological expression of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in individuals within a university setting during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This sectional study by convenience sampling was conducted in a large university in Niteroi-RJ, Brazil, from March 2021 to July 2021. The study population consisted of students, faculty, and administrative staff employed by the university. A total of 3433 faculty members, 60703 students, and 3812 administrative staff were invited to participate. Data were gathered through rapid serological tests to detect immunoglobulin (Ig) M and IgG against SARS-CoV-2. The <i>χ</i>² or Fisher's exact test was used to conduct statistical analysis. A 0.20 significance level was adopted for variable selection in a multiple logistic regression model to evaluate associations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1648 individuals were enrolled in the study. The proportion of COVID-19 positivity was 164/1648 (9.8%). The adjusted logistic model indicate a positive association between the expression of IgM or IgG and age [odds ratio (OR) = 1.16, 95%CI: 1.02-1.31] (<i>P</i> < 0.0024), individuals who had been in contact with a COVID-19-positive case (OR = 3.49, 95%CI: 2.34-5.37) (<i>P</i> < 0.001), those who had received the COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 2.33, 95%CI: 1.61-3.35) (<i>P</i> < 0.001) and social isolation (OR = 0.59, 95%CI: 0.41-0.84) (<i>P</i> < 0.004). The likelihood of showing a positive result increased by 16% with every ten-year increment. Conversely, adherence to social distancing measures decreased the likelihood by 41%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings evidenced that the population became more exposed to the virus as individuals discontinued social distancing practices, thereby increasing the risk of infection for themselves.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612880/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Convergence of COVID-19 and recurrent stroke: In-hospital mortality risks explored. COVID-19与复发性脑卒中的趋同:探讨住院死亡率风险
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99904
Basavraj S Nagoba, Shree V Dhotre, Ajay M Gavkare, Sachin S Mumbre, Pradnya S Dhotre
{"title":"Convergence of COVID-19 and recurrent stroke: In-hospital mortality risks explored.","authors":"Basavraj S Nagoba, Shree V Dhotre, Ajay M Gavkare, Sachin S Mumbre, Pradnya S Dhotre","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99904","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.99904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This editorial comments on the article by Desai <i>et al</i>, which investigates the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on in-hospital mortality among patients with recurrent stroke using data from the 2020 National Inpatient Sample. The findings reveal significantly higher mortality rates in COVID-19-positive patients compared to non-COVID-19 patients, particularly among middle-aged individuals, males, and ethnic minorities. This editorial explores the underlying mechanisms contributing to these outcomes and discusses the clinical implications for targeted management strategies in high-risk groups. The results emphasize the need for comprehensive approaches to mitigate the heightened risks faced by recurrent stroke patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"99904"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612881/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Entanglement-controlled vectorial meta-holography 纠缠控制的矢量元全息术
Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01818-w
Sheng Ye, Yue Han, Li-Zheng Liu, Weiping Wan, Ruiqi Wang, Mingna Xun, Qiang Li, Qihuang Gong, Jianwei Wang, Yan Li
{"title":"Entanglement-controlled vectorial meta-holography","authors":"Sheng Ye, Yue Han, Li-Zheng Liu, Weiping Wan, Ruiqi Wang, Mingna Xun, Qiang Li, Qihuang Gong, Jianwei Wang, Yan Li","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01818-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01818-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Metasurfaces can precisely manipulate the amplitude, phase, and polarization of incident light through subwavelength structures, greatly advancing the quantum meta-holographic imaging. However, the current methods of using quantum holography only control either the amplitude or the phase on the imaging plane, so the resulted scalar holography without the polarization distribution has limited imaging channels. Here, the vectorial meta-holography using entangled signal-idler photon pairs is experimentally demonstrated to realize remotely controlled multi-channel quantum imaging. By simultaneous control of the amplitude ratio between two cross-polarization holographic images and their phase difference on the image plane, the polarization distribution accordingly changes with the incident polarization state. The accurate correspondence ensures the correct reconstruction of 32 incident polarization states with an average fidelity up to 94.78%. This enables entangled idler photons to remotely control the holographic images reconstructed by the entangled signal photons, where the signal-to-noise ratio is as high as 10.78 dB, even for maximally mixed quantum states. This vectorial meta-holography using entangled states has a larger polarization state information capacity and will facilitate miniaturized quantum imaging and efficient quantum state tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"97 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143695445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pathogenesis and clinical management of arboviral diseases. 虫媒病毒性疾病的发病机制及临床治疗。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100489
Victoria Cenci Dietrich, Juan Marcos Caram Costa, Marina Maria Gomes Leite Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Aguiar, Luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva, Marcel Silva Luz, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Fabrício Freire de Melo
{"title":"Pathogenesis and clinical management of arboviral diseases.","authors":"Victoria Cenci Dietrich, Juan Marcos Caram Costa, Marina Maria Gomes Leite Oliveira, Carlos Eduardo Oliveira Aguiar, Luis Guilherme de Oliveira Silva, Marcel Silva Luz, Fabian Fellipe Bueno Lemos, Fabrício Freire de Melo","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100489","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100489","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arboviral diseases are viral infections transmitted to humans through the bites of arthropods, such as mosquitoes, often causing a variety of pathologies associated with high levels of morbidity and mortality. Over the past decades, these infections have proven to be a significant challenge to health systems worldwide, particularly following the considerable geographic expansion of the dengue virus (DENV) and its most recent outbreak in Latin America as well as the difficult-to-control outbreaks of yellow fever virus (YFV), chikungunya virus (CHIKV), and Zika virus (ZIKV), leaving behind a substantial portion of the population with complications related to these infections. Currently, the world is experiencing a period of intense globalization, which, combined with global warming, directly contributes to wider dissemination of arbovirus vectors across the globe. Consequently, all continents remain on high alert for potential new outbreaks. Thus, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of the four main arboviruses today (DENV, ZIKV, YFV, and CHIKV) discussing their viral characteristics, immune responses, and mechanisms of viral evasion, as well as important clinical aspects for patient management. This includes associated symptoms, laboratory tests, treatments, existing or developing vaccines and the main associated complications, thus integrating a broad historical, scientific and clinical approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling the impact: COVID-19's influence on bacterial resistance in the Kingdom of Bahrain. 揭示影响:COVID-19对巴林王国细菌耐药性的影响。
世界病毒学杂志(英文版) Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100501
Nermin K Saeed, Safiya K Almusawi, Noor A Albalooshi, Mohammed Al-Beltagi
{"title":"Unveiling the impact: COVID-19's influence on bacterial resistance in the Kingdom of Bahrain.","authors":"Nermin K Saeed, Safiya K Almusawi, Noor A Albalooshi, Mohammed Al-Beltagi","doi":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100501","DOIUrl":"10.5501/wjv.v14.i1.100501","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotic resistance is a growing global health threat, and understanding local trends in bacterial isolates and their susceptibility patterns is crucial for effective infection control and antimicrobial stewardship. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has introduced additional complexities, potentially influencing these patterns.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To analyze trends in bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns at Salmaniya Medical Complex from 2018 to 2023, with a specific focus on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these trends.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis of microbiological data was conducted, covering the period from 2018 to 2023. The study included key bacterial pathogens such as <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>), <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, among others. The antibiotic susceptibility profiles of these isolates were assessed using standard laboratory methods. To contextualize the findings, the findings were compared with similar studies from other regions, including China, India, Romania, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, and United States.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study revealed fluctuating trends in the prevalence of bacterial isolates, with notable changes during the COVID-19 pandemic. For example, a significant increase in the prevalence of <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was observed during the pandemic years, while the prevalence of <i>E. coli</i> showed a more variable pattern. Antibiotic resistance rates varied among the different pathogens, with a concerning rise in resistance to commonly used antibiotics, particularly among <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>E. coli</i>. Additionally, the study identified an alarming increase in the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, especially within <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> and <i>E. coli</i> isolates. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these trends was evident, with shifts in the frequency, resistance patterns, and the emergence of MDR bacteria among several key pathogens.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights the dynamic nature of bacterial isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility patterns at Salmaniya Medical Complex, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings underscore the need for continuous monitoring and effective anti-microbial stewardship programs to combat the evolving threat of antibiotic resistance. Further research and policy initiatives are required to address the identified challenges and improve patient outcomes in the face of these ongoing challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":61903,"journal":{"name":"世界病毒学杂志(英文版)","volume":"14 1","pages":"100501"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11612879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143712259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ultra-compact multi-task processor based on in-memory optical computing 基于内存光计算的超紧凑多任务处理器
Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01814-0
Wencan Liu, Yuyao Huang, Run Sun, Tingzhao Fu, Sigang Yang, Hongwei Chen
{"title":"Ultra-compact multi-task processor based on in-memory optical computing","authors":"Wencan Liu, Yuyao Huang, Run Sun, Tingzhao Fu, Sigang Yang, Hongwei Chen","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01814-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01814-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To enhance the computational density and energy efficiency of on-chip neuromorphic hardware, this study introduces a novel network architecture for multi-task processing with in-memory optical computing. On-chip optical neural networks are celebrated for their capability to transduce a substantial volume of parameters into optical form while conducting passive computing, yet they encounter challenges in scalability and multitasking. Leveraging the principles of transfer learning, this approach involves embedding the majority of parameters into fixed optical components and a minority into adjustable electrical components. Furthermore, with deep regression algorithm in modeling physical propagation process, a compact optical neural network achieve to handle diverse tasks. In this work, two ultra-compact in-memory diffraction-based chips with integration of more than 60,000 parameters/mm<sup>2</sup> were fabricated, employing deep neural network model and the hard parameter sharing algorithm, to perform multifaceted classification and regression tasks, respectively. The experimental results demonstrate that these chips achieve accuracies comparable to those of electrical networks while significantly reducing the power-intensive digital computation by 90%. Our work heralds strong potential for advancing in-memory optical computing frameworks and next generation of artificial intelligence platforms.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Practical GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb laser for high-speed spectroscopy 实用GHz单腔全光纤双梳高速光谱学激光器
Light-Science & Applications Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01811-3
Lin Ling, Wei Lin, Zhaoheng Liang, Minjie Pan, Chiyi Wei, Xuewen Chen, Yang Yang, Zhijin Xiong, Yuankai Guo, Xiaoming Wei, Zhongmin Yang
{"title":"Practical GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb laser for high-speed spectroscopy","authors":"Lin Ling, Wei Lin, Zhaoheng Liang, Minjie Pan, Chiyi Wei, Xuewen Chen, Yang Yang, Zhijin Xiong, Yuankai Guo, Xiaoming Wei, Zhongmin Yang","doi":"10.1038/s41377-025-01811-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01811-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dual-comb spectroscopy (DCS) with few-GHz tooth spacing that provides a better trade-off between spectral resolution and refresh rate is a powerful tool for measuring and analyzing rapidly evolving transient events. Despite such an exciting opportunity, existing technologies compromise either the spectral resolution or refresh rate, leaving few-GHz DCS with robust design largely unmet for frontier applications. In this work, we demonstrate a novel GHz DCS by exploring the multimode interference-mediated spectral filtering effect in an all-fiber ultrashort cavity configuration. The GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb source is seeded by a dual-wavelength mode-locked fiber laser operating at fundamental repetition rates of about 1.0 GHz differing by 148 kHz, which has an excellent stability in the free-running state that the Allan deviation is only 101.7 mHz for an average time of 1 s. Thanks to the large repetition rate difference between the asynchronous dichromatic pulse trains, the GHz DCS enables a refresh time as short as 6.75 μs, making it promising for studying nonrepeatable transient phenomena in real time. To this end, the practicality of the present GHz DCS is validated by successfully capturing the ‘shock waves’ of balloon and firecracker explosions outdoors. This GHz single-cavity all-fiber dual-comb system promises a noteworthy improvement in acquisition speed and reliability without sacrificing measurement accuracy, anticipated as a practical tool for high-speed applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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