理学最新文献

{"title":"Integrating landscape genomics and machine learning to analyze the genetic structure and specific molecular markers of Chinese dairy goats (Capra hircus).","authors":"Jinke Xiong, Mingyu Shang, Jingjing Bao, Tianyi Liu, Peifu Yang, Xintian Sun, Yuting Jiang, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01473-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01473-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During long-term artificial selection, China has developed indigenous dairy goat populations with breed-specific traits and environmental adaptability. However, the genetic relationships and genomic characteristics of these populations remain insufficiently studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 270 whole-genome sequences from 16 goat breeds, including eight Chinese dairy breeds, four introduced dairy breeds, and four other breeds. Population structure analysis revealed significant genetic differentiation among Chinese, European, and African dairy goats. Different dairy goat breeds in China formed geographically distinct subclusters, and multiple gene flow events with introduced breeds were detected. Compared with European and African populations, Chinese dairy goats exhibited higher genetic diversity, lower genomic inbreeding levels, and faster linkage disequilibrium decay. Among five machine learning algorithms evaluated across 10 repeated validations, k-nearest neighbors (KNN) showed the best performance (accuracy = 0.981, AUC = 0.991), and a minimal 134-SNP panel was selected for accurate classification of Chinese dairy goat breeds. Genome-environment association analyses identified candidate genes associated with energy and lipid metabolism, stress response, reproduction, and immune function, with a missense variant in HDAC10 (chr5:118557145 A > G) showing significant differentiation among Chinese dairy goat populations from different regions. Selection signature and genome-wide association analyses identified candidate genes associated with horn type and coat color, including two missense mutations in ERG (chr1:149921788 C > G) and MITF (chr22:31686241 T > C).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings systematically reveal the genetic structure and genomic characteristics of Chinese dairy goats, providing an important scientific basis for genetic improvement, breed identification, and the conservation of dairy goat genetic resources.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Taurolithocholic acid alleviates hepatic glycolipid dysregulation in low-birth-weight piglets by activating HNF4α and FXR.","authors":"Tianle Gao, Hairong Liang, Meizheng Li, Rui Zhou, Li Wang, Ran Li, Lingjie Huang, Yong Zhuo, Shengyu Xu, Yan Lin, Bin Feng, Jian Li, Hua Li, Lun Hua, Lianqiang Che, De Wu, Liang Hu, Zhengfeng Fang","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01474-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01474-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low-birth-weight (LBW) piglets often exhibit glycolipid metabolic disorders at birth, which severely impair their postnatal growth and survival. Bile acids (BAs) act as signaling molecules that participate in the regulation of glycolipid metabolism. However, whether the hepatic metabolic abnormalities observed in LBW piglets are associated with altered BA metabolism remains largely unclear. Thus, using naturally occurring LBW fetal pigs, neonatal piglets, and hepatic cell lines as models, the present study aimed to elucidate the association between BA homeostasis and hepatic glycolipid metabolism and to further reveal the underlying molecular mechanisms through integrated analyses of BA-targeted metabolomics, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and molecular docking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with normal-birth-weight (NBW) fetal pigs, LBW fetal pigs exhibited a marked reduction in hepatic glycogen storage accompanied by excessive lipid accumulation. As key nuclear receptors governing glycolipid metabolism, farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF4α) were significantly down-regulated in the liver of LBW fetal pigs at both the transcriptional and protein levels, which was coupled with impaired glycogen synthetic capacity and lipolytic capacity in these fetal pigs. Targeted BA metabolomic analysis revealed a profound alteration in the hepatic BA profile of LBW fetal pigs, characterized by an increased proportion of secondary BAs. Notably, the hepatic level of taurolithocholic acid (TLCA) was markedly decreased in LBW fetal pigs. Further analyses demonstrated that critical processes of BA metabolism, including synthesis, transport, detoxification and conjugation, were impaired in LBW fetal pigs, along with disrupted endogenous TLCA biosynthesis. Mechanistically, molecular docking results suggested that TLCA might act as a potential agonist of FXR and HNF4α. In vitro assays confirmed that TLCA modulated hepatic glycolipid metabolism by activating FXR and HNF4α. More importantly, in vivo studies indicated that exogenous supplementation of TLCA significantly ameliorated hepatic glycolipid metabolism and improved overall liver function in LBW neonatal piglets.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings reveal crosstalk between hepatic glucose-lipid and BA metabolism via HNF4α and FXR, providing potential nutritional strategies to improve liver health in LBW piglets and a theoretical basis for using BAs as feed additives in pig production.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13439904/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-throughput in vivo phenotyping of chicken carcass traits based on digital radiographic imaging.","authors":"Yidan Yan, Lei Wei, Yuan Zhou, Ruitao Tian, Yuhang Sun, Yuanling Zhang, Yang Liu, Pingtao Luo, Kun Yu, Yuzhe Wang, Hanyu Wu, Xiaoxiang Hu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01479-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01479-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate phenotyping of breast, drumstick, and wing yield is essential for genetic improvement in poultry breeding. However, these key economic traits can traditionally be measured only after slaughter, forcing breeding programs to rely on time-consuming, costly, and operator-biased sibling testing. This has become a major challenge for large-scale, high-precision, and non-destructive phenotypic evaluation in commercial poultry breeding. In this study, a non-destructive in vivo phenotyping framework based on digital radiography (DR) imaging combined with deep learning and machine learning methods is established.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A standardized DR image acquisition platform is constructed for in vivo phenotyping of live chickens. A lightweight multi-objective segmentation network, DRSegNet, is designed to achieve precise segmentation of breast, drumstick, and wing regions, with Dice coefficients higher than 97%. Morphological features were extracted from the segmentation masks and fed into machine learning models for weight regression. Five-fold cross-validation revealed strong predictive performance: the best-performing models achieved mean Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.8972, 0.7696, and 0.8049 for breast, drumstick, and wing weights, respectively. A phenotypic index (PI) and carcass balance index (CBI) are further constructed to enable comprehensive and balanced multi-trait selection. The deployed system supports a complete detection cycle of approximately 40 s per chicken, allowing high-throughput in vivo detection.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This DR-based non-destructive framework enables reliable, real-time, and high-throughput in vivo prediction of key carcass traits in live chickens. It transforms traditional post-slaughter measurements into in vivo phenotypes obtainable directly from individual birds, may improve the accuracy and efficiency of breeding selection, and has the potential to shorten the breeding cycle. This study provides a practical and scalable technical solution for intelligent phenotyping in poultry, and may contribute to data-driven precision breeding systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13435433/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148671348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic bacterial‒fungal interactions modulate the fermentation quality and in vitro degradation rate of triticale silage.","authors":"Maoya Li, Yao Lei, Yulian Chen, Jiachuhan Wang, Yuanyuan Zhao, Xiangjiang He, Xiaoqing Zhang, Qiming Cheng, Chao Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01478-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01478-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The humid climate and frequent rainfall during the harvest season substantially hinder the utilization of triticale as feed. Although ensiling technology can effectively preserve nutrients, its fermentation quality depends on complex microbial interactions, the core mechanisms of which remain unclear. This study proposes and validates the hypothesis that \"bacterial-fungal synergy\" can enhance silage fermentation. By inoculating triticale silage with Aspergillus niger (AN), Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (LP) or their combination (ANLP) and performing multi-omics analyses, the mechanism underlying this synergistic effect was systematically elucidated in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control treatment, triticale silage inoculated with ANLP presented significant decreases in the neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) contents and significant increases in the water-soluble carbohydrate (WSC), crude protein (CP), and lactic acid (LA) contents (P < 0.05). More crucially, ANLP treatment specifically enriched Delftia, indicating a special functional role for this bacterium in triticale silage. Further metabolomic and correlation analyses revealed that the synergy between A. niger and L. plantarum not only promoted the proliferation of Delftia but also activated the phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis pathways. This activation drove the synthesis of phenolic acid compounds with antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, such as coumaric acid and indole derivatives. These bioactive metabolites effectively inhibited the growth of harmful microorganisms. In vitro digestibility trials confirmed that the ANLP-treated group achieved the highest dry matter and protein degradation rates, thereby validating the pathway from the microbial mechanism to end-use feed value.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, the synergistic effects of bacteria (L. plantarum) and fungi (A. niger) can improve the fermentation quality and nutritional content of triticale by promoting amino acid metabolism and increasing the production of bioactive substances, providing a new strategy for increasing its utilization as a feed resource for ruminants.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13430836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148665152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age- and sex-related differences in early-life gut microbiota and intestinal physiology in broiler chickens.","authors":"Matthias Corion, Muhammad Zeeshan Akram, Ester Arévalo Sureda, Luke Comer, Jeroen Maertens, Natasja Smeets, Nadia Everaert","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01467-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01467-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early-life sex identification technologies are making sex-specific management increasingly feasible in broiler production, yet limited information exists on how males and females differ in the development of their gut ecosystem. While sex-related variation in growth rate and endocrine physiology is well established, much less is known about potential differences in gut morphology, barrier function, microbiota assembly, and intestinal gene expression during the starter period, where early performance divergence between males and females begins to emerge. A clearer understanding of these early-life processes is essential to refine sex-specific nutrition and management strategies. Therefore, this study investigated sex-related differences in gut morphology, intestinal permeability, microbiota composition and predicted functionality, as well as ileal gene expression related to nutrient transport, barrier function, immune response, and metabolic signaling in broilers at 7, 14, and 21 days of age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Body weight followed a typical early-life pattern and differed between sexes only at d 21, when males were heavier. Gut morphology matured similarly in both sexes, whereas gut permeability declined with age and was lower in males at d 20, suggesting a slightly tighter intestinal barrier. Microbiota structure was predominantly shaped by age, but sex-related divergence emerged with maturation from d 14 onward, especially in the cecum: males were enriched in strict anaerobic fermenters and carbohydrate-degradation/short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-related pathways, while females showed higher abundance of Romboutsia, Flavonifractor, and other taxa linked to proteolytic metabolism and the degradation of aromatic amino acid-derived compounds. Gene expression was mainly driven by age, yet consistent sex-specific transcriptional signatures were revealed. Males were more associated with nutrient transport (e.g., SLC15A1, SLC30A1, SLC5A1) and epithelial functional maturation profiles (e.g., CDX) over time, whereas females were more associated with tight-junction integrity (e.g., OCLN) and amino-acid sensing/transport markers (e.g., T1R1, SLC3A1). Cecal SCFA concentrations were measured at d 21, yet no differences were found.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Overall, gut development was largely age-driven, but sex-specific differences in barrier function, microbiota composition and function, and epithelial gene expression emerged with maturation, without differences in gut morphology or luminal SCFA concentrations.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13429021/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148654839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomic and regulatory landscape of liver tissue associated with meat and carcass quality traits in cattle.","authors":"Thais Ribeiro da Silva, Juliana Afonso, Bárbara Silva-Vignato, Ingrid Soares Garcia, Beatriz Delcarme Lima, Heidge Fukumasu, Saulo Luz Silva, Juliana Petrini, Carolina Purcell Goes, Bruna Petry, Wellison J S Diniz, Aline Silva Mello Cesar, Gerson Barreto Mourão, James E Koltes, Luciana Correia de Almeida Regitano, Luiz Lehmann Coutinho","doi":"10.1186/s40104-026-01465-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-026-01465-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The integration of multiple omics strategies represents a transformative paradigm in farm animal genetics and breeding. By capturing molecular complexity across biological layers, integrative omics offers new opportunities to reveal the regulatory mechanisms underlying economically important traits. Here, we characterize the hepatic transcriptomic landscape of Nelore cattle and its relationship with meat and carcass quality phenotypes. For that, we integrated gene expression data, co-expression networks, expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) mapping, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)-phenotype associations, chromatin accessibility, and transcription factor motif analyses using hepatic RNA-seq data from 90 animals and assay for transposase‑accessible chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) data from two animals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified 10 gene modules associated with our phenotypes of interest, particularly the blue module (r = -0.4), which is linked to meat color and enriched in insulin and mTOR signaling pathways. eQTL mapping revealed 1,198 cis- and 39,227 trans-eQTLs (false discovery rate [FDR] < 0.05), including hotspots on chromosome 25. Notably, rs449155362 was found to regulate 848 genes, within them MLXIPL, a transcription factor involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Phenotype-eQTL associations revealed 54 SNPs (FDR < 0.05) related to meat and carcass traits, among which rs110069409, within an open chromatin region, modulates PLA2G2D1 expression and was associated with meat color (yellowness 24 h after the slaughter-b*₀), representing a convergence point across regulatory layers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings provide novel insights into the multilayered genetic architecture of the liver that controls meat quality traits in beef cattle, supporting the use of integrative omics to guide functional genomic selection.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13428424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148649828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic – Inorganic Hybrid Solid Acid Catalyst Supported on Titanium Nanotubes for Efficient Synthesis of n-Butyl Levulinate","authors":"Shuolin Zhou,&nbsp;Ying Liu,&nbsp;Yin Zhang,&nbsp;Zhijing Liu,&nbsp;You Wu,&nbsp;Xianxiang Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100395","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100395","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alkyl levulinates (AL) are a class of important organic chemicals that play a significant role in organic synthesis, biofuel additives, and cleaning agents. In this work, low-dimensional titanium dioxide nanotubes were prepared under hydrothermal conditions as precursors, which were further modified to fabricate organic–inorganic hybrid solid acid catalyst (TNTs-PhSO₃H). The catalyst was characterized using various techniques including Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results indicated that the amount of bonded sulfonic acid in the catalyst was considerable, reaching up to 1.45 mmol/g. The esterification of levulinic acid (LA) with <em>n</em>-butanol was used as a probe reaction to systematically investigate the influence of reaction time, temperature, catalyst dosage, and molar ratio of reactants on the esterification reaction by the single-factor experiments. The catalytic reaction process was further optimized via the response surface methodology (RSM) using Box-Behnken design (BBD) method. Under the conditions of a catalyst dosage of 12 % (based on the mass of LA) at 120 °C for 3 h, the yield of the desired product, <em>n-</em>butyl levulinate, could reach 98.0 %. The catalyst maintained stable catalytic performance after being reused at least five times.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100395"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147916369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-level synergistic fractionation technology toward lignocellulosic biomass refining","authors":"Guo-Qiang Kang,&nbsp;Tao Shi,&nbsp;Zi-Jing He,&nbsp;Guosheng Xin,&nbsp;Bing-Zhi Li,&nbsp;Zhi-Hua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100389","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lignocellulosic biomass represents a pivotal renewable resource for achieving sustainable bioeconomy. However, its recalcitrant structure, governed by hierarchical interactions among cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, poses significant challenges for efficient conversion. Consequently, fractionation processes are essential for the effective conversion of lignocellulosic biomass. This review systematically explores the multi-level synergistic application of steam explosion and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment to address these challenges. By analyzing bond dissociation enthalpies, this study elucidates the complementary roles of steam explosion and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment in selectively disrupting lignin-carbohydrate linkages and further facilitating biomass high-value utilization. Furthermore, integrated strategies to optimize multi-level fractionation were proposed, emphasizing the need for energy-efficient, scalable, and environmentally benign processes. Rational synergistic fractionation technology shows great advantages over single pretreatment in multi-level disassembling of lignocellulose. This review offers a comprehensive perspective on effective pretreatment strategies to enhance biomass conversion efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100389"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exothermicity study of wet oxidation of hydrothermal liquefaction aqueous phase using high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry","authors":"Carolin Eva Schuck,&nbsp;Stefano Chiaberge,&nbsp;Konstantinos Anastasakis,&nbsp;Patrick Biller","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100397","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100397","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) represents a promising technology to convert biomass into energy-rich biocrude, but the resulting aqueous byproduct requires further treatment. Wet oxidation (WO) is a potential method for aqueous phase (AP) treatment, degrading water-soluble organics (WSO) in an oxidative, exothermic process. This study investigates the heat release from WO of different types of HTL-AP using high-pressure differential scanning calorimetry (HP-DSC). Seven HTL-APs derived from typical feedstocks were analyzed, revealing a dependence on feedstock composition, specifically the N/C ratio. Lignocellulosic feedstocks led to lower heat release in the range of –(256–327) kJ/mol_{O2 consumed}, while nitrogen-rich APs reached up to −500 kJ/mol_{O2 consumed}. Compositional analyses using total organic carbon, total nitrogen and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance spectrometry showed that higher N/C and H/C ratios in WSO correspond to more reduced and unsaturated species with higher exothermic potential. The study reveals, for the first time, how the composition of the HTL aqueous phase governs WO heat release, providing a quantitative foundation for designing next-generation autothermal integration of HTL and WO systems to enhance energy efficiency and process scalability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100397"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of caking components of coal using [N4441][Cl] thermal treatment and alkylation reaction","authors":"Yurong Zhang,&nbsp;Yutong Qian,&nbsp;Minrui Zhao,&nbsp;Sheng Bai,&nbsp;Ruilun Xie,&nbsp;Zhao Lei,&nbsp;Zhigang Zhao,&nbsp;Qiang Ling,&nbsp;Xiangchun Liu,&nbsp;Ping Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crcon.2025.100398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method was devised to prepare the caking components of coal from Shenhua long-flame coal (SH) using an ionic liquid [N₄₄₄₁][Cl] thermal treatment, followed by a <em>β</em>-molecular sieve-catalyzed alkylation reaction to introduce alkyl side chains. A series of characterizations were used to elucidate the mechanism by which the alkylation reaction enhances the caking property of the extract. The results showed that the caking index of the extract alkylated at 190 °C (IL_N-extract-A₁₉₀) was the highest among all samples. From the Fourier transform infrared and thermogravimetric data, alkyl side chains had been successfully incorporated into the aromatic rings of the extract. The pyrolysis–gas chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis showed that IL_N-extract-A₁₉₀ contained abundant polycyclic aromatic and long-chain aliphatic structures. The excellent caking property of IL_N-extract-A₁₉₀ arises from its high content of polycyclic aromatic and long-chain aliphatic structures, especially the abundant alkyl side chains introduced by the alkylation reaction. This study can provide an in-depth understanding of the caking components of coal, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of coking coal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52958,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Resources Conversion","volume":"9 4","pages":"Article 100398"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148640329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}