理学最新文献

{"title":"Curcumin attenuates ochratoxin A and hypoxia co-induced liver injury in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) by dual targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis via reducing ROS content.","authors":"Liangqin Wu, Piao Zhao, Pei Wu, Weidan Jiang, Yang Liu, Hongmei Ren, Xiaowan Jin, Xiaoqiu Zhou, Lin Feng","doi":"10.1186/s40104-024-01089-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-024-01089-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a toxin widely found in aquafeed ingredients, and hypoxia is a common problem in fish farming. In practice, aquatic animals tend to be more sensitive to hypoxia while feeds are contaminated with OTA, but no studies exist in this area. This research investigated the multiple biotoxicities of OTA and hypoxia combined on the liver of grass carp and explored the mitigating effect of curcumin (CUR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 720 healthy juvenile grass carp (11.06 ± 0.05 g) were selected and assigned randomly to 4 experimental groups: control group (without OTA and CUR), 1.2 mg/kg OTA group, 400 mg/kg CUR group, and 1.2 mg/kg OTA + 400 mg/kg CUR group with three replicates each for 60 d. Subsequently, 32 fish were selected, divided into normoxia (18 fish) and hypoxia (18 fish) groups, and subjected to hypoxia stress for 96 h.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CUR can attenuate histopathological damage caused by coming to OTA and hypoxia by reducing vacuolation and nuclear excursion. The alleviation of this damage was associated with the attenuation of apoptosis in the mitochondrial pathway by decreasing the expression of the pro-apoptotic proteins Caspase 3, 8, 9, Bax, and Apaf1 while increasing the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, and attenuation of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) by reducing Grp78 expression and chop levels. This may be attributed to the fact that the addition of CUR increased the levels of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GSH), increased antioxidant capacity, and ensured the proper functioning of respiratory chain complexes I and II, which in turn reduced the high production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), thus alleviating apoptosis and ERS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, our data demonstrate the effectiveness of CUR in attenuating liver injury caused by the combination of OTA and hypoxia. This study confirms the feasibility and efficacy of adding natural products to mitigate toxic damage to aquatic animals.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":"131"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11451059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient photon-pair generation in layer-poled lithium niobate nanophotonic waveguides","authors":"Xiaodong Shi, Sakthi Sanjeev Mohanraj, Veerendra Dhyani, Angela Anna Baiju, Sihao Wang, Jiapeng Sun, Lin Zhou, Anna Paterova, Victor Leong, Di Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01645-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01645-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Integrated photon-pair sources are crucial for scalable photonic quantum systems. Thin-film lithium niobate is a promising platform for on-chip photon-pair generation through spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). However, the device implementation faces practical challenges. Periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN), despite enabling flexible quasi-phase matching, suffers from poor fabrication reliability and device repeatability, while conventional modal phase matching (MPM) methods yield limited efficiencies due to inadequate mode overlaps. Here, we introduce a layer-poled lithium niobate (LPLN) nanophotonic waveguide for efficient photon-pair generation. It leverages layer-wise polarity inversion through electrical poling to break spatial symmetry and significantly enhance nonlinear interactions for MPM, achieving a notable normalized second-harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency of 4615% W⁻¹cm⁻². Through a cascaded SHG and SPDC process, we demonstrate photon-pair generation with a normalized brightness of 3.1 × 10⁶ Hz nm⁻¹ mW⁻² in a 3.3 mm long LPLN waveguide, surpassing existing on-chip sources under similar operating configurations. Crucially, our LPLN waveguides offer enhanced fabrication reliability and reduced sensitivity to geometric variations and temperature fluctuations compared to PPLN devices. We expect LPLN to become a promising solution for on-chip nonlinear wavelength conversion and non-classical light generation, with immediate applications in quantum communication, networking, and on-chip photonic quantum information processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal stress and the early embryonic microenvironment: investigating long-term cortisol effects on bovine oviductal epithelial cells using air-liquid interface culture.","authors":"Fiona Wahl, Jianchao Huo, Shuaizhi Du, Jennifer Schoen, Shuai Chen","doi":"10.1186/s40104-024-01087-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-024-01087-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The oviduct epithelium is the initial maternal contact site for embryos after fertilization, offering the microenvironment before implantation. This early gestation period is particularly sensitive to stress, which can cause reduced fertility and reproductive disorders in mammals. Nevertheless, the local impact of elevated stress hormones on the oviduct epithelium has received limited attention to date, except for a few reports on polyovulatory species like mice and pigs. In this study, we focused on the effects of chronic maternal stress on cattle, given its association with infertility issues in this monoovulatory species. Bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOEC) differentiated at the air-liquid interface (ALI) were stimulated with 250 nmol/L cortisol for 1 or 3 weeks. Subsequently, they were assessed for morphology, bioelectrical properties, and gene expression related to oviduct function, glucocorticoid pathway, cortisol metabolism, inflammation, and apoptosis. Results revealed adverse effects of cortisol on epithelium structure, featured by deciliation, vacuole formation, and multilayering. Additionally, cortisol exposure led to an increase in transepithelial potential difference, downregulated mRNA expression of the major glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1), upregulated the expression of cortisol-responsive genes (FKBP5, TSC22D3), and significant downregulation of oviductal glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1) and steroid receptors PGR and ESR1. The systematic comparison to a similar experiment previously performed by us in porcine oviduct epithelial cells, indicated that bovine cultures were more susceptible to elevated cortisol levels than porcine. The distinct responses between both species are likely linked to their divergence in the cortisol-induced expression changes of HSD11B2, an enzyme controlling the cellular capacity to metabolise cortisol. These findings provide insights into the species-specific reactions and reproductive consequences triggered by maternal stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11447938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of microbe-derived antioxidants on growth performance, hepatic oxidative stress, mitochondrial function and cell apoptosis in weaning piglets.","authors":"Chengbing Yu, Yuxiao Luo, Cheng Shen, Zhen Luo, Hongcai Zhang, Jing Zhang, Weina Xu, Jianxiong Xu","doi":"10.1186/s40104-024-01088-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-024-01088-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Weaning causes redox dyshomeostasis in piglets, which leads to hepatic oxidative damage. Microbe-derived antioxidants (MA) have great potential for anti-oxidation. This study aimed to investigate changes in hepatic redox system, mitochondrial function and apoptosis after weaning, and effects of MA on growth performance and liver health in weaning piglets.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study consisted of 2 experiments. In the both experiments, piglets were weaned at 21 days of age. In Exp. 1, at 21 (W0), 22 (W1), 25 (W4), 28 (W7), and 35 (W14) days of age, 6 piglets were slaughtered at each timepoint. In Exp. 2, piglets were divided into 2 groups: one received MA gavage (MA) and the other received saline gavage (CON). At 25 days of age, 6 piglets from each group were sacrificed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In Exp. 1, weaning caused growth inhibition and liver developmental retardation from W0 to W4. The mRNA sequencing between W0 and W4 revealed that pathways related to \"regulation of apoptotic process\" and \"reactive oxygen species metabolic process\" were enriched. Further study showed that weaning led to higher hepatic content of reactive oxygen species (ROS), H₂O₂ and O₂^-. Weaning enhanced mitochondrial fission and suppressed their fusion, activated mitophagy, thus triggering cell apoptosis. In Exp. 2, MA improved growth performance of piglets with higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI). The hepatic ROS, as well as products of oxidative damage malonaldehyde (MDA) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the MA group decreased significantly than that of the CON group. The MA elevated mitochondrial membrane potential, increased activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes (MRC) I and IV, enhanced mitochondrial fusion and reduced mitophagy, thus decreasing cell apoptosis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study showed that MA improved the growth performance of weaning piglets and reversed weaning-induced oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, and apoptosis. Our results suggested that MA had promising prospects for maintaining liver health in weaning piglets and provided a reference for studies of liver diseases in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":"128"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11445872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142360704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additive engineering for Sb2S3 indoor photovoltaics with efficiency exceeding 17%","authors":"Xiao Chen, Xiaoxuan Shu, Jiacheng Zhou, Lei Wan, Peng Xiao, Yuchen Fu, Junzhi Ye, Yi-Teng Huang, Bin Yan, Dingjiang Xue, Tao Chen, Jiejie Chen, Robert L. Z. Hoye, Ru Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s41377-024-01620-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-024-01620-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Indoor photovoltaics (IPVs) have attracted increasing attention for sustainably powering Internet of Things (IoT) electronics. Sb₂S₃ is a promising IPV candidate material with a bandgap of ~1.75 eV, which is near the optimal value for indoor energy harvesting. However, the performance of Sb₂S₃ solar cells is limited by nonradiative recombination, which is dependent on the quality of the absorber films. Additive engineering is an effective strategy to fine tune the properties of solution-processed films. This work shows that the addition of monoethanolamine (MEA) into the precursor solution allows the nucleation and growth of Sb₂S₃ films to be controlled, enabling the deposition of high-quality Sb₂S₃ absorbers with reduced grain boundary density, optimized band positions, and increased carrier concentration. Complemented with computations, it is revealed that the incorporation of MEA leads to a more efficient and energetically favorable deposition for enhanced heterogeneous nucleation on the substrate, which increases the grain size and accelerates the deposition rate of Sb₂S₃ films. Due to suppressed carrier recombination and improved charge-carrier transport in Sb₂S₃ absorber films, the MEA-modulated Sb₂S₃ solar cell yields a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.22% under AM1.5 G illumination, and an IPV PCE of 17.55% under 1000 lux white light emitting diode (WLED) illumination, which is the highest yet reported for Sb₂S₃ IPVs. Furthermore, we construct high performance large-area Sb₂S₃ IPV minimodules to power IoT wireless sensors, and realize the long-term continuous recording of environmental parameters under WLED illumination in an office. This work highlights the great prospect of Sb₂S₃ photovoltaics for indoor energy harvesting.</p>","PeriodicalId":18069,"journal":{"name":"Light-Science & Applications","volume":"220 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142363014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical simulation study of laser-induced plasma bombardment on bacteria","authors":"Junxiao WANG, Yan ZHANG, Wanfei ZHANG, Yong GUO, Lei ZHANG, Zefu YE, Zhujun ZHU, Wangbao YIN, Suotang JIA","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad5adb","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad5adb","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid advancement of laser decontamination technology and growing awareness of microbial hazards, it becomes crucial to employ theoretical model to simulate and evaluate decontamination processes by laser-induced plasma. This study employs a two-dimensional axisymmetric fluid dynamics model to simulate the power density of plasma bombardment on bacteria and access its decontamination effects. The model considers the transport processes of vapor plasma and background gas molecules. Based on the destructive impact of high-speed moving particles in the plasma on bacteria, we investigate the bombardment power density under various conditions, including different laser spot sizes, wavelengths, plate’s tilt angles, and plate-target spacing. The results reveal that the bombardment power density increases with a decrease in laser spot size and wavelength. For instance, when the plate is parallel to the target surface with a 1 mm spacing, the bombardment power density triples as the laser spot size decreases from 0.8 mm to 0.5 mm and quadruples as the wavelength decreases from 1064 nm to 266 nm. Notably, when the plate is parallel to the target with a relatively close spacing of 0.5 mm, the bombardment power density at 0° inclination increases sevenfold compared to 45°. This simulation study is essential for optimizing optical parameters and designing component layouts in decontamination devices using laser-induced plasma. The reduction of laser spot size, wavelength, plate-target spacing and aligning the plate parallel to the target, collectively contribute to achieving precise and effective decontamination.","PeriodicalId":20227,"journal":{"name":"","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An innovative approach to effective breeding blanket design for future fusion reactors","authors":"Changle LIU, Lei LI, Yanzi HE, Peng ZHANG, Yu ZHOU, Jun SONG, Songtao WU","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad5a66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad5a66","url":null,"abstract":"An effective breeding blanket is critical to support tritium self-sufficiency for future fusion reactors. The difficulty is to achieve tritium breeding ratio (TBR) target of 1.05 or more. This paper presents a new design approach to the blanket design process. It indicates that fusion blanket design is affected by universal functions based on iterations. Three aspects are worth more attention from fusion engineers in the future. The first factor is that the iterations on the material fractions affect not only structure scheme but also TBR variation. The second factor is the cooling condition affecting final TBR due to the change of the structure material proportion. The third factor is temperature field related to the tritium release. In particular, it is suggested that the statistical calculation of effective TBR must be under reasonable control of the blanket temperature field. This approach is novel for blanket engineering in development of a fusion reactor.","PeriodicalId":20227,"journal":{"name":"","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of goat mammary organoid cultures modeling the mammary gland development and lactation.","authors":"Lei Jia, Wenying Zhang, Tao Luo, Yongtao Li, Jianhong Shu, Julie Strand, Yuan Yue, Stig Purup, Jianxin Liu, Hengbo Shi","doi":"10.1186/s40104-024-01084-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40104-024-01084-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although several cell culture systems have been developed to investigate the function of the mammary gland in dairy livestock, they have potential limitations, such as the loss of alveolar structure or genetic and phenotypic differences from their native counterparts. Overcoming these challenges is crucial for lactation research. Development of protocols to establish lactating organoid of livestock represents a promising goal for the future. In this study, we developed a protocol to establish a culture system for mammary organoids in dairy goats to model the mammary gland development and lactation process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The organoids cultured within an extracellular matrix gel maintained a bilayer structure that closely resembled the native architecture of mammary tissue. The expansion of mammary organoids was significantly promoted by growth factors containing epidermal growth factor and fibroblast growth factor 2 whereas the proliferative index of the organoids was significantly inhibited by the treatment with WNT inhibitors. Upon stimulation with a lactogenic medium containing prolactin, the mammary organoids exhibited efficient lactation, characterized by the accumulation of lipid droplets in the lumen space. The lactation could be sustained for more than 3 weeks. Importantly, the expression patterns of genes related to fatty acid synthesis and milk proteins in lactating organoids closely mirrored those observed in mammary tissues. These observations were confirmed by data from proteomic analysis that the bulk of milk proteins was produced in the lactating organoids.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is the first to establish a mammary organoid culture system modeling the mammary gland development and lactation process in ruminants. The efficient induction of lactation in ruminant mammary organoids holds promises for advancing the field of cell-based milk bio-manufacture in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":64067,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology","volume":"15 1","pages":"124"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11443931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142333527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of three-dimensional spatial diffuse discharge in contact electrode structure applied to air purification","authors":"Shuai XU, Wenzheng LIU, Jiaying QIN, Yiwei SUN, Xitao JIANG, Qi QI","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad5ca0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad5ca0","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, based on the role of pre-ionization of the non-uniform electric field and its effect of reducing the collisional ionization coefficient, a diffuse dielectric barrier discharge plasma is formed in the open space outside the electrode structure at a lower voltage by constructing a three-dimensional non-uniform spatial electric field using a contact electrode structure. The air purification study is also carried out. Firstly, a contact electrode structure is constructed using a three-dimensional wire electrode. The distribution characteristics of the spatial electric field formed by this electrode structure are analyzed, and the effects of the non-uniform electric field and the different angles of the vertical wire on the generation of three-dimensional spatial diffuse discharge are investigated. Secondly, the copper foam contact electrode structure is constructed using copper foam material, and the effects of different mesh sizes on the electric field distribution are analyzed. The results show that as the mesh size of the copper foam becomes larger, a strong electric field region exists not only on the surface of the insulating layer, but also on the surface of the vertical wires inside the copper foam, i.e., the strong electric field region shows a three-dimensional distribution. Besides, as the mesh size increases, the area of the vertical strong electric field also increases. However, the electric field strength on the surface of the insulating layer gradually decreases. Therefore, the appropriate mesh size can effectively increase the discharge area, which is conducive to improving the air purification efficiency. Finally, a highly permeable stacked electrode structure of multilayer wire-copper foam is designed. In combination with an ozone treatment catalyst, an air purification device is fabricated, and the air purification experiment is carried out.","PeriodicalId":20227,"journal":{"name":"","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling of ion cyclotron resonance frequency heating of proton-boron plasmas in EHL-2 spherical tokamak","authors":"Xianshu WU, Jingchun LI, Jiaqi DONG, Yuejiang SHI, Guoqing LIU, Yong LIU, Zhiqiang LONG, Buqing ZHANG, Baoshan YUAN (袁宝山), Y. K. Martin PENG, Minsheng LIU (刘敏胜)","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad68ae","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad68ae","url":null,"abstract":"Ion cyclotron resonance heating (ICRH) stands out as a widely utilized and cost-effective auxiliary method for plasma heating, bearing significant importance in achieving high-performance discharges in p-¹¹B plasmas. In light of the specific context of p-¹¹B plasma in the EHL-2 device, we conducted a comprehensive scan of the fundamental physical parameters of the antenna using the full-wave simulation program TORIC. Our preliminary result indicated that for p-¹¹B plasma, optimal ion heating parameters include a frequency of 40 MHz, with a high toroidal mode number like <inline-formula>\u0000<tex-math><?CDATA ${N_phi } = 28$?></tex-math>\u0000<inline-graphic xlink:href=\"pst_26_10_104004_M1.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"></inline-graphic>\u0000</inline-formula> to heat the majority H ions. In addition, we discussed the impact of concentration of minority ion species on ion cyclotron resonance heating when ¹¹B serves as the heavy minority species. The significant difference in charge-to-mass ratio between boron and hydrogen ions results in a considerable distance between the hybrid resonance layer and the tow inverted cyclotron resonance layer, necessitating a quite low boron ion concentration to achieve effective minority heating. We also considered another method of direct heating of hydrogen ions in the presence of boron ion minority. It is found that at appropriate boron ion concentrations (<inline-formula>\u0000<tex-math><?CDATA $ Xleft(^{11}mathrm{B}right)sim17% $?></tex-math>\u0000<inline-graphic xlink:href=\"pst_26_10_104004_M2.jpg\" xlink:type=\"simple\"></inline-graphic>\u0000</inline-formula>), the position of the hybrid resonance layer approaches that of the hydrogen ion cyclotron resonance layer, thereby altering the polarization at this position and significantly enhancing hydrogen ion fundamental absorption.","PeriodicalId":20227,"journal":{"name":"","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142217773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}